WO2010071680A1 - Dental fluoroscopic imaging system - Google Patents
Dental fluoroscopic imaging system Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010071680A1 WO2010071680A1 PCT/US2009/006648 US2009006648W WO2010071680A1 WO 2010071680 A1 WO2010071680 A1 WO 2010071680A1 US 2009006648 W US2009006648 W US 2009006648W WO 2010071680 A1 WO2010071680 A1 WO 2010071680A1
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- Prior art keywords
- flat panel
- dental
- emitter
- rays
- panel detector
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- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000002594 fluoroscopy Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- XQPRBTXUXXVTKB-UHFFFAOYSA-M caesium iodide Chemical compound [I-].[Cs+] XQPRBTXUXXVTKB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 4
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 claims 4
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- 229910021417 amorphous silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 3
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 229910017115 AlSb Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910004829 CaWO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910004613 CdTe Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910004611 CdZnTe Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910004262 HgTe Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910002249 LaCl3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910003016 Lu2SiO5 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910002665 PbTe Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000577 Silicon-germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910007709 ZnTe Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- -1 ZnWO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- AXQKVSDUCKWEKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[Ge].[Si] Chemical compound [C].[Ge].[Si] AXQKVSDUCKWEKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910003481 amorphous carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910001632 barium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims 1
- SILMSBFCJHBWJS-UHFFFAOYSA-K bis(germine-1-carbonyloxy)bismuthanyl germine-1-carboxylate Chemical compound [Bi+3].[O-]C(=O)[Ge]1=CC=CC=C1.[O-]C(=O)[Ge]1=CC=CC=C1.[O-]C(=O)[Ge]1=CC=CC=C1 SILMSBFCJHBWJS-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims 1
- UHYPYGJEEGLRJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium(2+);selenium(2-) Chemical compound [Se-2].[Cd+2] UHYPYGJEEGLRJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- 229910001634 calcium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims 1
- RZILCCPWPBTYDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluometuron Chemical compound CN(C)C(=O)NC1=CC=CC(C(F)(F)F)=C1 RZILCCPWPBTYDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- DQZARQCHJNPXQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N gadolinium;sulfur monoxide Chemical compound [Gd].S=O DQZARQCHJNPXQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims 1
- ICAKDTKJOYSXGC-UHFFFAOYSA-K lanthanum(iii) chloride Chemical compound Cl[La](Cl)Cl ICAKDTKJOYSXGC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims 1
- RQQRAHKHDFPBMC-UHFFFAOYSA-L lead(ii) iodide Chemical compound I[Pb]I RQQRAHKHDFPBMC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- NZOCXFRGADJTKP-UHFFFAOYSA-K lutetium(3+);triiodide Chemical compound I[Lu](I)I NZOCXFRGADJTKP-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- YFDLHELOZYVNJE-UHFFFAOYSA-L mercury diiodide Chemical compound I[Hg]I YFDLHELOZYVNJE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 229910021420 polycrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims 1
- OCGWQDWYSQAFTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellanylidenelead Chemical compound [Pb]=[Te] OCGWQDWYSQAFTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001131 transforming effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000002601 radiography Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000004297 night vision Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- NYZDVLMJPDRZEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium(2+);platinum(2+);tetracyanide Chemical compound [Ba+2].[Pt+2].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-] NYZDVLMJPDRZEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012822 chemical development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012993 chemical processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002860 competitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004300 dark adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005670 electromagnetic radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- PBYZMCDFOULPGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungstate Chemical compound [O-][W]([O-])(=O)=O PBYZMCDFOULPGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A61B6/51—
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B6/00—Apparatus for radiation diagnosis, e.g. combined with radiation therapy equipment
- A61B6/44—Constructional features of apparatus for radiation diagnosis
- A61B6/4429—Constructional features of apparatus for radiation diagnosis related to the mounting of source units and detector units
- A61B6/4435—Constructional features of apparatus for radiation diagnosis related to the mounting of source units and detector units the source unit and the detector unit being coupled by a rigid structure
- A61B6/4441—Constructional features of apparatus for radiation diagnosis related to the mounting of source units and detector units the source unit and the detector unit being coupled by a rigid structure the rigid structure being a C-arm or U-arm
Landscapes
- Apparatus For Radiation Diagnosis (AREA)
Abstract
The dental fluoroscopic imaging system includes a flat panel detector comprised by a gamma-rays or x-rays converter, a plate, a collector, a processing unit and a transmitter suitable for 2D intraoral/extraoral and 3D extraoral dental fluoroscopy. The x-ray converter contains a material capable of transforming the low dose gamma rays or x-rays beam received from an emitter after going through the dental examination area into electrical signals or a light image consequent with the radiographed image. The plate transmits the electric signals or light image to a collector which amplifies it and sends it to a processing unit and then to transmitter designed to transfer digital images sequentially to a host computer and software which can acquire, process, transform, record, freeze and enhance 2D and 3D images of video frame rates. Two dimensional images are obtained while using a C-arm/U-arm configuration while 3D images are obtained while using the O-arm configuration.
Description
Dental Fluoroscopic Imaging System
(0001) 1. Technical field and industrial applicability of the invention
(0002) The present invention relates generally to the field of diagnostic radiology, and specifically to a dental fluoroscopic imaging system apparatus using flat panel detectors and emitters in C-arm/U-arm, O-arm configurations suitable for two dimensional (2D) and three dimensional (3D) dental fluoroscopy and the method of producing the same.
(0003) 2. Background of the invention
(0004) Before the discovery of electromagnetic radiation known as x-rays, techniques and procedures in the field of dentistry were based on purely empirical knowledge. On Nov. 8, 1895, William Conrad Roentgen announced the discovery of this new kind of radiation. Within fourteen days, Otto Walkhoff, a German dentist, took the first dental radiograph of his own mouth. Dr. William James had completed several dental radiographs five months later. In 1913, Coolidge improved the manufacturing techniques of the x-ray tube, which allowed for better control of the quality and quantity of radiographs. The panoramic x-ray device was invented in 1950. During many decades, the use of film-based radiography dominated these trends in dentistry.
(0005) Dental digital radiography is a form of x-ray imaging, where digital X-ray sensors are used instead of traditional photographic film. Advantages include time efficiency through bypassing chemical processing and the ability to digitally transfer and enhance images. Also less radiation can be used to produce a 2D still image of similar contrast to conventional film-based radiography. Some types of digital dental radiography sensors are small and thin enough that they can be placed intraorally or inside the mouth. Others are larger in size and are used extraorally or outside the mouth in order to obtain a dental image. The first intraoral X-rays imaging sensor available on the market was introduced following the principles described in US Patent No. 4,593,400 and 5,382,798 of Mouyen, 1986 and 1995 respectively based on a scintillating material and a charged coupled device (CCD) technology. Other inventions in the field used similar CCD sensors such as in US Patent No. 5,434,418 of Schick, 1995, US Patent No. 5,510,623 and 5,693,948 of Sayed et al., 1996 and
1997 respectively and US Patent No. 5,519,751 of Yamamoto et al., 1996. Another particular type of digital system which uses a memory phosphor plate in place of the film is introduced in US Patent No. 4,965,455 of Schneider et al., 1990. The digitized images are stored, scanned and then displayed on the computer screen. This method is halfway between old film-based technology and current direct digital imaging technology. It is similar to the film process because it involves the same image support handling but differs because the chemical development process is replaced by the scanning process. The complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) active pixel sensor technology was proposed to dentistry in US Patent No. 5,912,942 of Schick et al., 1999 which provided advantages such as competitive wafer processing pricing, and on chip timing, control and processing electronics when compared to the CCD technology. Other inventions in the field utilizing similar CMOS technology are included in US Patent No. 6,404,854 of Carrol et al., 2002, US Patent No. 7,211,817 of Moody, 2007, US Patent No. 7,615,754 of Liu et al., 2009, and in US Patent No. 7,608,834 Boucly et al., 2009 which introduced some improvements through the description of the biCMOS technology combining bipolar transistors and CMOS devices. Due to the rigidity of these intraoral sensors which translated in patient's discomfort while placed inside the mouth, a flexible sensor using thin film transistors technology was devised in US Patent No. 7,563,026 of Mandelkern et al., 2009 trying to reproduce the comfort of conventional film.
(0006) On the other hand, the use of flat panel detectors in dentistry has been focused in the cephalometric, orthopantomographic, scannographic, linear tomographic, tomosynthetic and tomographic fields for 2D and 3D extraoral radiography. These principles are illustrated in the US Patent No. 5,834,782 of Schick et al., 1998, US Patent No. 7,016,461, 7,197,109 and 7,319,736 of Rotondo et al, 2006, 2007 and 2008 respectively, US Patent No. 7,136,452 and 7,336,763 of Spartiotis et al., 2006 and 2008 respectively and US Patent No. 7,322,746 of Beckhaus et al., 2008. The problem with all these existing dental digital intraoral and extraoral radiography technologies is that their final outcome is either 2D or a 3D still image.
(0007) Fluoroscopy is a dynamic x-ray, or x-ray movie showing images of video frame rates. It differs from dental digital radiography in that dental digital radiography is static x-ray, or an x-ray picture. An analogy is that of a movie compared to a snapshot. The beginning of fluoroscopy can be traced back to 8 November 1895 when Wilhelm Roentgen noticed a barium platinocyanide screen fluorescing as a result of
being exposed to what he would later call x-rays. The fluoroscopic image obtained in this way was rather faint. Thomas Edison quickly discovered that calcium tungstate screens produced brighter images and is credited with designing and producing the first commercially available fluoroscope. The first fluoroscope for dental use was described by William Herbert Rollins in 1896. Due to the limited light produced from the fluorescent screens, early radiologists were required to sit in a darkened room in which the procedure was to be performed, getting their eyes accustomed to the dark and thereby increasing their sensitivity to the light. The placement of the radiologist behind the screen resulted in significant radiation doses to the radiologist. Red adaptation goggles were developed by Wilhelm Trendelenburg in 1916 to address the problem of dark adaptation of the eyes, The resulting red light from the goggles' filtration correctly sensitized the physician's eyes prior to the procedure while still allowing him to receive enough light to function normally. The invention of X-ray image intensifϊers in the 1950s allowed the image on the screen to be visible under normal lighting conditions, as well as providing the option of recording the images with a conventional camera. Subsequent improvements included the coupling of, at first, video cameras and, later, video CCD cameras to permit recording of moving images and electronic storage of still images. Medical fluoroscopes also known as C- arms or mini C-arms are too large to fit in a dental operatory. The main reason is the size of one of their main components: > 6 inches diameter image intensifϊers. However, recent breakthroughs in imaging and night vision technologies made possible the miniaturization of the medical fluoroscope for dental use as disclosed in the Patent No. 6,543,936 of Feldman, 2003 by using small image intensifiers. Night vision image intensifiers (18-40 mm diameter) — like those used for military purposes - can convert fluoroscopy's low-radiation beam — after going through the patient's dental area - on a vivid video image. This image can be captured by a video digital camera chip and then displayed in real-time video on a monitor. Consequently, this breakthrough has allowed the fluoroscopy technology to fit in a dental operatory. Another attempt to reduce the medical fluoroscope size is seen in foreign Patents No. WO/2004/110277, WO/2005/072615 and WO/2005/110234 of Kim, 2004, 2005 and 2005 respectively. Despite these efforts, the image receptor configuration using the image intensifier and camera is still too bulky to be used inside the mouth and not ergonomic for the dentist to be placed extraorally while performing treatments on
patients. Also, the proposed configurations in previous inventions only disclose the use of fluoroscopy in a 2D approach using image intensifiers.
(0008) However, more modern medical technology improvements in flat panel detectors have allowed for increased sensitivity to X-rays, and therefore the potential to reduce patient radiation dose. The introduction of flat-panel detectors in for 2D fluoroscopy in medicine as illustrated in the US Patent No. 5,262,649 of Antonuk et al., 1993, US Patent No. 5,610,404 and 5,648,654 of Possin, 1997 respectively, US Patent No. 5,773,832 of Sayed et al., 1998, US Patent No. 5,949,848 of Giblom, 1999, US Patent No. 5,962,856 of Zhao et al., 1999, US Patent No. 6,566,809 of Fuchs et al., 2003, US Patent No. 6,717,174 of Karellas, 2004, US Patent No. 7,231,014 of Levi, 2007, US Patent No. 7,323,692 of Rowlands et al., 2008, US Patent No. 7,426,258 of Zweig, 2008, US Patent No. 7,629,587 of Yagi, 2009 allows for the replacement of the image intensifier in the medical fluoroscope design. Temporal resolution is also improved over image intensifiers, reducing motion blurring. Contrast ratio is also improved over image intensifiers: flat-panel detectors are linear over very wide latitude, whereas image intensifiers have a maximum contrast ratio. Medical fluoroscopy 3D approaches have been described in the US Patent No. 5,049,987 of Hoppenstein, 1991 utilizing a plurality of image capture devices arranged in a predetermined pattern, in the US Patent No. 5,841,830 of Barni et al., 1998 where a motor is used to rotate the emitter and detector around the patient body and in the US Patent No. 7,596,205 of Zhang et al., 2009 in which the X-ray radiography unit irradiates a subject with X-rays from first X-ray tube to obtain an X- ray radiographic image. The X-ray CT unit irradiates the subject with X-rays from the second X-ray tube and acquires projection data from a beam of the X-rays that has passed through the subject, to reconstruct an image using the acquired projection data, and to obtain a tomographic image.
(0009) As has been shown, all these inventions are designed to be used on a medical setting. They are too large to be used for dental purposes. Consequently, none of these dental and medical technologies offer a flat panel, an emitter in a C-arm/U-arm and an O-arm configuration suitable for 2D and 3D dental fluoroscopy.
Claims
1. A dental fluoroscopic imaging system using flat panel detectors, comprising: a housing which contains a converter material, a plate, a collector, a
5 processing unit and a transmitter capable of reading out and transferring to a host digital images of video frame rates.
2. An intraoral flat panel detector according to claim 1 is sized to fit within a patient's mouth.
3. An extraoral flat panel detector according to claim 1 is sized to be placed 10 outside patient's mouth.
4. A flat panel detector according to claim 1, wherein the converter includes a semiconductor of amorphous selenium (a-se), or a material such as NaI, NaI(TI), higher-Z bismuth germinate (BGO), BaF2, CaF2(Eu), high-purity germanium HPGe, Cesium Iodide (CsI), CsI(TI), CsI(Na), LaCl3(Ce), LaBr1(Ce), LuI3, Lu2SiO5,
15 Gadolinium Oxysulphide (GSO), Lui g Y(USiOs(Ce), amorphous silicon (a-si), poly-si, metal ceramic, CdWO4, CaWO4, linear photodiode array (PDA), Si(Li), CdTe, CdZnTe, CZT, CdSe, CdS, Se, PbI2, PbTe, HgTe, HgI2, ZnS, ZnTe, ZnWO4, GaP, AlSb, YAG(Ce), Gd2O2S or Kodak Lanex as a material to transform the low dose / gamma rays or x-rays beam received from an emitter after going through the
20 examination dental area into electrical signals or a light image consequent with the radiographed image.
5. A flat panel detector according to claim 1, further comprising: a plate such as a dielectric and top electrode layers material, or fiber optic, aluminum, metal ceramic, glass and amorphous carbon or a photodiode array of amorphous selenium or
25 amorphous silicon for electrical signals or light image transmission.
6. A flat panel detector according to claim 1, further comprising: a collector made of an active matrix array or an amplified pixel detector array (APDA) of amorphous selenium or amorphous silicon thin film transistor and storage capacitor (TFT), or Electrometer Probes, a Charged Coupled Device type (CCD) such as the
30 Electron Multiplied CCD (EMCCD) chip and the Thinned Back Illuminated (BICCD) chip, an active pixel sensor Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) array or a biCMOS based on silicon-germanium-carbon (SiGe:C) technology in order to amplify and read out the electrical signals or light image.
7. A flat panel detector according to claim 1, further comprising: a processing unit and a transmitter such as an analog to digital converter unit in order to sequentially convert and sequentially transfer digital images.
8. A flat panel detector according to claim 1, further comprising: a host computer and software which can acquire, process, transform, record, freeze and enhance 2D and 3D images of video frame rates ranging from 1 to 100 fps.
9. A method of producing dental fluoroscopy wherein the flat panel detector receives and processes the low dose gamma rays or x-rays beam from an emitter after going through the examination dental area into electrical signals or a light image consequent with the radiographed image.
10. The method as claimed in claim 9, wherein said emitter operating with direct current.
11. The method as claimed in claim 9, comprising said emitter utilizing a focal spot size within the range from 0.005 to 0.8 mm.
12. The method as claimed in claim 9, comprising operating said emitter with a target angle range from 0 to 30 degrees.
13. The method as claimed in claim 9, comprising operating said emitter at voltage peaks within the range from 35 to 95 kVp.
14. The method as claimed in claim 9, comprising operating said emitter at current peaks between 0.0001 to 10 mA.
15. The method as claimed in claim 9, comprising operating said emitter allowing an x-ray beam with a continuous rate from 1 to 50 ms or with a pulse width range from 1 to 100 pulses/sec. (0043)
16. A method of producing 2D and 3 D dental fluoroscopy.
17. A method according to claim 16, of producing 2D dental fluoroscopy wherein said method utilizes a single emitter and a single extraoral flat panel detector positioned parallel facing each other and attached to a C-arm/U-arm configuration.
18. A method according to claim 16, of producing 3D dental fluoroscopy wherein said method utilizes two emitters and two extraoral flat panel detectors attached to an O-arm facing each other in a cross approach and emitting x-rays beams which intercepts in a perpendicular point.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP09833773.6A EP2434955A4 (en) | 2008-12-16 | 2009-12-22 | Dental fluoroscopic imaging system |
Applications Claiming Priority (12)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US60/201,748 | 2000-05-04 | ||
| US20174608P | 2008-12-16 | 2008-12-16 | |
| US20174808P | 2008-12-16 | 2008-12-16 | |
| US20174508P | 2008-12-16 | 2008-12-16 | |
| US65396408A | 2008-12-16 | 2008-12-16 | |
| US20174408P | 2008-12-16 | 2008-12-16 | |
| US20174708P | 2008-12-16 | 2008-12-16 | |
| US60/201,747 | 2008-12-16 | ||
| US60/201,746 | 2008-12-16 | ||
| US60/201,745 | 2008-12-16 | ||
| US60/201,744 | 2008-12-16 | ||
| US12/653,964 | 2008-12-16 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2010071680A1 true WO2010071680A1 (en) | 2010-06-24 |
| WO2010071680A4 WO2010071680A4 (en) | 2011-08-04 |
Family
ID=42269100
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/US2009/006648 WO2010071680A1 (en) | 2008-12-16 | 2009-12-22 | Dental fluoroscopic imaging system |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP2434955A4 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2010071680A1 (en) |
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-
2009
- 2009-12-22 EP EP09833773.6A patent/EP2434955A4/en not_active Ceased
- 2009-12-22 WO PCT/US2009/006648 patent/WO2010071680A1/en active Application Filing
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| EP2434955A1 (en) | 2012-04-04 |
| EP2434955A4 (en) | 2014-01-01 |
| WO2010071680A4 (en) | 2011-08-04 |
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