WO2008022950A1 - Method of welding a component to a shape memory alloy workpiece with provision of an extra cut for compensating the variations of dimension of workpiece and component - Google Patents
Method of welding a component to a shape memory alloy workpiece with provision of an extra cut for compensating the variations of dimension of workpiece and component Download PDFInfo
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- WO2008022950A1 WO2008022950A1 PCT/EP2007/058416 EP2007058416W WO2008022950A1 WO 2008022950 A1 WO2008022950 A1 WO 2008022950A1 EP 2007058416 W EP2007058416 W EP 2007058416W WO 2008022950 A1 WO2008022950 A1 WO 2008022950A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- component
- cut
- components
- welding
- male
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L31/00—Materials for other surgical articles, e.g. stents, stent-grafts, shunts, surgical drapes, guide wires, materials for adhesion prevention, occluding devices, surgical gloves, tissue fixation devices
- A61L31/02—Inorganic materials
- A61L31/022—Metals or alloys
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/82—Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/86—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
- A61F2/90—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
- A61F2/91—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheet material or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes
- A61F2/915—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheet material or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes with bands having a meander structure, adjacent bands being connected to each other
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L31/00—Materials for other surgical articles, e.g. stents, stent-grafts, shunts, surgical drapes, guide wires, materials for adhesion prevention, occluding devices, surgical gloves, tissue fixation devices
- A61L31/14—Materials characterised by their function or physical properties, e.g. injectable or lubricating compositions, shape-memory materials, surface modified materials
- A61L31/18—Materials at least partially X-ray or laser opaque
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
- B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
- B23K26/24—Seam welding
- B23K26/28—Seam welding of curved planar seams
- B23K26/282—Seam welding of curved planar seams of tube sections
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/60—Preliminary treatment
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/82—Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/82—Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/86—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
- A61F2/90—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
- A61F2/91—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheet material or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/82—Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/86—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
- A61F2/90—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
- A61F2/91—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheet material or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes
- A61F2/915—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheet material or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes with bands having a meander structure, adjacent bands being connected to each other
- A61F2002/9155—Adjacent bands being connected to each other
- A61F2002/91591—Locking connectors, e.g. using male-female connections
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2220/00—Fixations or connections for prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
- A61F2220/0025—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
- A61F2220/005—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements using adhesives
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2250/00—Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
- A61F2250/0014—Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof having different values of a given property or geometrical feature, e.g. mechanical property or material property, at different locations within the same prosthesis
- A61F2250/0018—Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof having different values of a given property or geometrical feature, e.g. mechanical property or material property, at different locations within the same prosthesis differing in elasticity, stiffness or compressibility
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2250/00—Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
- A61F2250/0058—Additional features; Implant or prostheses properties not otherwise provided for
- A61F2250/0096—Markers and sensors for detecting a position or changes of a position of an implant, e.g. RF sensors, ultrasound markers
- A61F2250/0098—Markers and sensors for detecting a position or changes of a position of an implant, e.g. RF sensors, ultrasound markers radio-opaque, e.g. radio-opaque markers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
- B23K2101/04—Tubular or hollow articles
Definitions
- This invention relates to a method of cutting, polishing and then welding together two metallic components, in which the respective components are cut to define respective cut surfaces that are to be polished and fitted together, both to define the relative positions of the two components to be fixed by the welding and provide facing weld surfaces at which the two components can be welded together.
- Applicant makes self-expanding stents from nickel titanium shape memory alloy.
- the material is not particularly radiopaque and so stents made of it are usually provided with one or more radiopaque markers.
- Tantalum is an attractive material not only because it is biocompatible but also because it is close to the nickel titanium alloy in electrochemical potential and so resists galvanic corrosion after placement in the body. Furthermore, the two metals can be reliably welded together.
- Applicant's WO 02/15820 discloses a particularly attractive form of radiopaque marker.
- the self-expanding stent When the self-expanding stent is radially compressed within a sheath in a delivery catheter system, the "ring of spoons" at each end of the stent, that serve as the tantalum markers, form a virtually complete ring of tantalum and so are relatively strongly visible to the radiographer .
- An elegant aspect of the welding method taught in WO 02/15820 is that no jig or clamp is needed, to hold the two component parts in the desired relative positions for welding. Instead, the two components engage with each other in a mechanically interfering "form fit" ready for welding. Given the small size of the component, this is a distinct advantage .
- Applicant's further published application, WO 01/58384 Al discloses an elongate stent, preferably an oesophageal stent.
- a plurality of radiopaque beads are mounted onto selected ones of the uncovered extremities at the end or ends of the stent.
- each bead has a throughbore which receives a spigot formed at the stent extremity.
- the spigots are each defined by two parallel resilient fingers formed out of an extension of the stent material. The two fingers are separated by a slit which allows the fingers to approximate for insertion along the throughbore, then to resiliently separate.
- Barbed tips are provided at the ends of the fingers to resist reverse movement of the fingers through the throughbore after they have emerged from the bead throughbore and again separated, thereby holding each bead on its spigot. To secure the beads, they are welded onto the spigots.
- Stent components must be polished before they are placed in the body, and the rate of chemical polishing (in particular electrochemical polishing) of nickel titanium alloy can be very different from that of tantalum. This would indicate polishing separately the tantalum markers and the nickel titanium stent, but the chemical polishing process can disturb the accurate dimensional tolerance as achieved when these components are cut with a laser. One does not know with certainty how much material will have been removed from the intended welding interface by the chemical polishing procedures. Once the dimensions are disturbed, the certainty of optimal welding between the nickel titanium and the tantalum, at the welding interface, can be prejudiced. One desires to polish separately, then weld together with high precision and complete certainty.
- the present inventor has had the insight that one can use the elastic deformation behaviour of martensitic nickel titanium shape memory alloy to achieve more certainty of location at the welding interface.
- Nickel titanium shape memory alloy can accommodate remarkably large amounts of strain without adverse effect on the mechanical properties (especially fatigue performance ⁇ of the finished stent product.
- the elastic deformation of nitinol is often referred to as “superelastic” or “pseudo-" elastic deformation, which is considered herein as a form of elastic deformation.
- the essence of the present invention is to accommodate dimensional variations at the welding interface with elastic mechanical strain within the workpiece.
- the large ⁇ pseudo- ⁇ elastic (or superelastic) strains achievable with nitinol are especially useful as one can accommodate relatively large variations in the dimensions of the components to be welded as compared with the modest elastic strains achievable with, say, commonly-used medical grade stainless steels.
- a slit in the workpiece remote from the intended welding interface yet close enough to the interface to allow portions of the workpiece that flank the slit to move towards each other, thereby narrowing the slit, to provide all the strain that is needed to achieve the desired welding interface .
- the invention is particularly attractive in the context of a weld interface between the shape memory alloy workpiece and a metallic component that is to be welded to the workpiece, which has a recess in which a portion of the workpiece is received, with the welding interface corresponding to a portion at least at the periphery of the recess.
- Providing one or more slits within the workpiece, within the periphery of the recess, or in a neck portion of the workpiece crossing the periphery of the recess, can provide the strain that will help to provide a consistent interaction between the workpiece and the metallic component, that will in turn allow precise and reliable welding at the weld interface, and all this without any help from any tooling, jig or other holding fixture to maintain the correct relative positions of the weld surfaces .
- FIG. 1 to 6 is a plan-view of a detail of a nickel titanium shape memory alloy stent, showing a welding interface between a portion of that stent and a radiopaque marker element .
- Fig. 1 What is shown is recognisably equivalent to the welding interface in WO 02/15820, between a projection at one end of the stent and a "spoon" of tantalum that surrounds the projection and is welded to it.
- the nickel titanium shape memory alloy stent 10 has at each end (not shown) a plurality of spigots 12 , each of which extends like a neck into a head portion 14 that is received in a recess 16 formed in a "spoon" 18 of tantalum metal .
- each spoon represents 1 Zi of the circumference of a tube of tantalum having the same radius as the tube of nickel titanium alloy raw material from which the stent matrix is cut by a laser. See WO 02/15820 for more information.
- the intended welding interface is at the periphery of the recess 16, the intention being that weld metal from the components themselves should fill the small gap between the periphery of the recess 16 and the periphery of the head portion 14 within it. Nevertheless, it is also envisaged that welding filler material may be used, whenever circumstances indicate its usefulness.
- the overall width of the head portion 14 is made deliberately just slightly larger than the width which is optimal to occupy the recess 16 then, without the presence of the slit 20, it would not be possible to get the head portion 14 into the recess 16 (unless electro-chemical polishing of the head portion 14 had been somewhat more aggressive than anticipated ⁇ .
- the "over-size" of the head portion 14 after polishing is nevertheless still able to be accommodated within the recess 16, simply by some degree of approximation (coming together) of the flanks of the slot 20. In other words, to get the head portion 14 into the recess 16, the slot gets a little narrower.
- the strain suffered by nickel titanium material within the spigot 12 or the head portion 14, when the slot 20 suffers a degree of narrowing is strain that is accommodated either by movement of twin boundaries within the martensitic material, or by transformation of austenite to stress-induced martensite (depending on the temperature of the material during deformation) and is not detrimental to the mechanical properties of performance of the stent after manufacture.
- Nickel titanium shape memory alloy is remarkable enough already, with its biological compatibility, and martensitic/atistenitic phase transformation compatible with, the interval between room temperature and body temperature. This additional pseudo-elastic strain capability of nickel titanium alloy, in order to enhance the certainty of welding to it of radiopaque marker portions of a different metal, is yet another helpful property that this material exhibits.
- Fig. 3 represents another variation. This time, the slot 20 is not different form that of the Fig. 1 embodiment but the periphery of the head portion 14 is a trapezium rather than a rectangle. Readers will appreciate that optimising behaviour at the welding interface can involve careful 'harmonising of weld interface shape and slot dimensions, with the aim of achieving an optimal face-to-face relationship between the two components at the welding interface, all the way along the length of the welding interface.
- Fig. 5 exhibits three slots in what can be seen as a form of combination of the embodiments of the earlier Figures.
- Fig. ⁇ closely resembles the Fig. 4 embodiment, but with a centreline slot 20 that extends all the way to the tip 34 of the arrowhead.
- slot 20 accommodates squeeze at the arrowhead tip 34 whereas the pair of slots 30, 32 can accommodate squeeze at the base 36 of the arrowhead.
- nickel titanium shape memory alloy is important in many other fields where dimensional tolerances are of decisive importance, and where components of other metals need to be welded to nickel titanium alloy product.
- One area that comes to mind is in the field of dentistry. Readers will appreciate that the particular way in which the large pseudo-elastic strain that shape memory alloy can exhibit will be used to optimise weld interface presentation will be highly dependent on the specific form of the two component portions to be welded together. What is shown in the accompanying drawings is intended to be just one example of application of an inventive concept which clearly has very wide application. Specifically, the invention is applicable to stents of biocompatible materials other than nickel titanium alloy, notably stainless steel.
- a stent is typically designed to be formed as a pattern of adjacent rings of undulations, which are bridged together to form an essentially tubular structure where undulations are embodied in the form of zig-zag struts
- the zig-zag struts may include a bridged repeating pattern made of a unit of four generally linear members that extend oblique to the longitudinal axis to intersect each other at three apices spaced apart circumferentially and axially (like a letter ⁇ M' or 'W ) .
- the prosthesis can utilize not only the circumferential bridges but also other bridge configurations in combination.
- the bridge directly connects a peak of one circumferential section to another peak of an adjacent circumferential section.
- the bridge may connect a peak of one circumferential section to a trough of an adjacent circumferential section.
- the bridge can connect a trough of one circumferential section to a trough of an adjacent circumferential section.
- the undulations can be wave-like in pattern.
- the wave-like pattern can also be generally sinusoidal in that the pattern may have the general form of a sine wave, whether or not such wave can be defined by a mathematical function.
- any wave-like forms can be employed so long as it has amplitude and displacement. For example, a square wave, saw tooth wave, or any applicable wave-like pattern defined by the struts where the struts have substantially equal lengths or unequal lengths.
- a continuous zig-zag string may be wound as a helical coil, with intermittent bridging connections between successive turns of the coil, achieving similar effects.
- the term "implantable prosthesis” is intended to cover not only a bare stent but also coated, covered, encapsulated, bioresorbable stent or any portion of similar stents.
- Bio-active agents can be added to the prosthesis (e.g., either by a coating or via a carrier medium such as resorbable polymers) for delivery to the holt's vessel or duct.
- the bio-active agents may also be used to coat the entire stent.
- a material forming the stent or coupled to the stent may include one or more (a) non-genetic therapeutic agents, (b) genetic materials, (c) cells and combinations thereof with (d) other polymeric materials.
- Non-genetic therapeutic agents include anti- thrombogenic agents such as heparin, heparin derivatives, urokinase, and PPack (dextrophenylalanine proline arginine chloromethylketone) ; anti-proliferative agents such as enoxaprin, angiopeptin, or monoclonal antibodies capable of blocking smooth muscle cell proliferation, hirudin, and acetylsalicylic acid; anti-inflammatory agents such as dexamethasone, prednisolone, corticosterone, budesonide, estrogen, sulfasalazine, and mesalamine; antineoplastic/antiproliferative/anti-miotic agents such as paclitaxel, 5-fluorouracil, cisplatin, vinblastine / vincristine, epothilones, endostatin, angiostatin and thymidine kinase inhibitors; anesthetic agents such as lid
- Genetic materials include anti-sense DNA and RNA, DNA coding for, anti-sense RNA, tRNA or rRNA to replace defective or deficient endogenous molecules, angiogenic factors including growth factors such as acidic and basic fibroblast growth factors, vascular endothelial growth factor epidermal growth factor, transforming growth factor alpha and beta, platelet-derived endothelial growth factor, platelet- derived growth factor, tumor necrosis factor alpha, hepatocyte growth factor and insulin like growth factor, cell cycle inhibitors including CD inhibitors, thymidine kinase (“TK”) and other agents useful for interfering with cell proliferation the family of bone raorphogenic proteins (“BMP's”) ,BlVfiP-2, BN ⁇ P-3, BMP-4, BMP-5, BMP-6 (Vgr-1), BMP-7 (OP-I), BMP-8, BMP-9, BMP-IO, BMP-I, BMP-12, BMP-I3, BMP-14, BMP-15,
- Desirable BMP's are any of BMP-2, BMP-3, BMP-4, BMP-5 , BMP-6 and BMP-7. These dimeric proteins can be provided as homodimers, heterodimers, or combinations thereof, alone or together with other molecules. Alternatively or, in addition, molecules capable of inducing an upstream or downstream effect of a BMP can be provided. Such molecules include any of the "hedgehog" proteins, or the DNA"s encoding them.
- Cells can be of human origin (autologous or allogeneic) or from an animal source (xenogeneic) , genetically engineered if desired to deliver proteins of interest at the deployment site.
- the cells may be provided in a delivery media.
- the delivery media may be formulated as needed to maintain cell function and viability.
- Suitable polymer materials as a coating or the base material may include polycarboxylic acids, cellulosic polymers, including cellulose acetate and cellulose nitrate, gelatin, polyvinylpyrrolidone, cross-linked polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyanhydrides including maleic anhydride polymers, polyamides, polyvinyl alcohols, copolymers of vinyl monomers such, as EVA, polyvinyl ethers, polyvinyl aromatics, polyethylene oxides, glycosaminoglycans, polysaccharides, polyesters including polyethylene terephthalate, polyacrylamides , polyethers, polyether sulfone, polycarbonate, polyalkylenes including polypropylene, polyethylene and high molecular weight polyethylene, halogenated polyalkylenes including polytetrafluoroethylene, polyurethanes, polyorthoesters, proteins, polypeptides, silicones, siloxane polymers, polylactic acid,
- Polyacrylic acid available as HYDROPLUS ® (Boston Scientific Corporation, Natick, Mass.), and described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,091,205, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated herein by reference, is particularly desirable. Even more . desirable is a copolymer of polylactic acid and polycaprolactone .
- the present invention is applicable to industrial manufacturing processes in which two metallic components are to be welded together; in particular, the invention finds application in the manufacture of a shape memory alloy workpiece, such as a stent, to which a component is to be welded, such as a tantalum marker.
- a shape memory alloy workpiece such as a stent
- a component such as a tantalum marker
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CA002659170A CA2659170A1 (en) | 2006-08-23 | 2007-08-14 | Method of welding a component to a shape memory alloy workpiece with provision of an extra cut for compensating the variations of dimension of workpiece and component |
EP07802603A EP2054190B1 (en) | 2006-08-23 | 2007-08-14 | Method of welding a component to a shape memory alloy workpiece with provision of an extra cut for compensating the variations of dimension of workpiece and component |
US12/438,330 US8322593B2 (en) | 2006-08-23 | 2007-08-14 | Method of welding a component to a shape memory alloy workpiece with provision of an extra cut for compensating the variations of dimension of workpiece and component |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GBGB0616729.0A GB0616729D0 (en) | 2006-08-23 | 2006-08-23 | Method of welding a component to a shape memory alloy workpiece |
GB0616729.0 | 2006-08-23 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2008022950A1 true WO2008022950A1 (en) | 2008-02-28 |
Family
ID=37102722
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2007/058416 WO2008022950A1 (en) | 2006-08-23 | 2007-08-14 | Method of welding a component to a shape memory alloy workpiece with provision of an extra cut for compensating the variations of dimension of workpiece and component |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8322593B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2054190B1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2659170A1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB0616729D0 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2008022950A1 (en) |
Cited By (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8043364B2 (en) | 2000-08-18 | 2011-10-25 | Angiomed Gmbh & Co. Medizintechnik Kg | Implant with attached element and method of making such an implant |
US8292950B2 (en) | 2007-02-21 | 2012-10-23 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | Stent with radiopaque marker |
US8475520B2 (en) | 2006-12-06 | 2013-07-02 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | Stenting ring with marker |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2054190B1 (en) | 2012-09-19 |
GB0616729D0 (en) | 2006-10-04 |
CA2659170A1 (en) | 2008-02-28 |
EP2054190A1 (en) | 2009-05-06 |
US8322593B2 (en) | 2012-12-04 |
US20090200360A1 (en) | 2009-08-13 |
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