WO2007128848A1 - Orthodontic apparatus and device - Google Patents

Orthodontic apparatus and device Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007128848A1
WO2007128848A1 PCT/ES2007/000133 ES2007000133W WO2007128848A1 WO 2007128848 A1 WO2007128848 A1 WO 2007128848A1 ES 2007000133 W ES2007000133 W ES 2007000133W WO 2007128848 A1 WO2007128848 A1 WO 2007128848A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tooth
cover
covers
elongated
teeth
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/ES2007/000133
Other languages
Spanish (es)
French (fr)
Inventor
Juan Carlos Diaz Rendon
Original Assignee
Juan Carlos Diaz Rendon
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from ES200601150A external-priority patent/ES2258939B1/en
Application filed by Juan Carlos Diaz Rendon filed Critical Juan Carlos Diaz Rendon
Priority to US12/299,763 priority Critical patent/US20090098500A1/en
Publication of WO2007128848A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007128848A1/en

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C7/00—Orthodontics, i.e. obtaining or maintaining the desired position of teeth, e.g. by straightening, evening, regulating, separating, or by correcting malocclusions
    • A61C7/08—Mouthpiece-type retainers or positioners, e.g. for both the lower and upper arch
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C7/00—Orthodontics, i.e. obtaining or maintaining the desired position of teeth, e.g. by straightening, evening, regulating, separating, or by correcting malocclusions

Definitions

  • the present invention refers to an orthodontic apparatus and orthodontic devices comprising said apparatus.
  • the present invention refers to devices and devices that allow an aesthetic correction of the external appearance of a denture, being able to obtain in some cases a stimulation of the maxillary bone growth used by said device.
  • the present invention discloses an apparatus, and devices that include said apparatus.
  • the device and devices are easy to manufacture, and therefore economical, occupy a small space in the vicinity of the teeth and do not cause difficulties in the user's speech.
  • the orthodontic devices object of the present invention have obtained fast and excellent results, clearly superior to those of the methods currently known.
  • the device, once applied to a user is not visible outside.
  • the orthodontic apparatus object of the present invention comprises a splint or tooth sheath, preferably transparent, to which an elongated element made of flexible material is fixed that is fixed to the splint by one of its ends, leaving another end free .
  • this basic device has its flexibility as an advantage, and can be used for the generation of various orthodontic and orthopedic devices. This is due to different advantages of the devices made from the device: - They are easily removable by the user, who can remove it only for specific tasks such as eating, brushing teeth, etc.
  • the transparent cover allows a longer use, because the user does not remove it for aesthetic reasons at certain times of the day, these two characteristics make the device can act on the user for a longer time;
  • the versatility of the device allows to regulate the force of the device and that the application of forces is the one required by the circumstances.
  • the apparatus object of the present invention allows generating forces that act on the tension balance existing in the mouth of the user, promoting the strengthening and / or growth of elements (muscles whose strength is "unbalanced” compared to the rest of the system ) by applying steering forces contrary to the "unbalanced” tensions in the system, and without causing new imbalances (for example, by concentration of reaction forces at an unbalanced point or by generating moments of force or reactions due to an application away from the stressed area).
  • the elongate element or arc may preferably be a wire element, made of metallic material, such as stainless steel.
  • the elongate element may have a curved development corresponding to a maxilla, such that the elongate element will run along the proximities of the wall of a denture, more preferably the inner or hidden face of a denture.
  • the elongated wire element will have a bend at one end that defines a return of a part of the wire element towards the sheath.
  • a cover may have more than one elongated element.
  • the elongated element or arc fixed to the sheath can exert active functions (pressure against gum and / or teeth) or passive functions of joining or transmitting forces towards the sheath, which is why the apparatus object of the The present invention is very versatile and allows numerous devices to be object of the present invention.
  • this elongated arch or element has the advantage of not interfering with the movements of the tongue when it runs in the area immediately attached to the inner face of the denture.
  • the cover will preferably cover several teeth and will be used to evenly distribute the efforts due to actions exerted on teeth not covered by the cover.
  • the apparatus object of the present invention constitutes a base on which devices object of the present invention are constructed, which comprise it. Through different combinations, different devices with different functions are generated, such as mesializing, distalizing, etc.
  • the apparatus object of the present invention also has the advantage that it is easy to construct.
  • the cover is intended to ensure a well-distributed, non-harmful and, where appropriate, non-harmful support for the active elements that are connected to it.
  • the elongated element may perform, depending on the arrangement in which it is used, active functions, exerting pressure on teeth, or passive, of transmission of the fixation of the active elements to the sheath or fastening of said elements assets .
  • a device that makes use of the apparatus object of the present invention can comprise: - at least two tooth covers, each cover having at least one elongated element made of flexible material, each of the elements being elongated fixed by one of its ends to its corresponding splint, with another free end thereof disposed, and
  • a device object of the present invention can comprise two orthodontic devices object of the present invention and a connecting spring between them.
  • preferred embodiments of the device object of the present invention will correspond to preferred embodiments of the apparatus mentioned above.
  • the free ends of the elongated elements or arches are arranged in opposition to each other, in the area between the covers.
  • at least one elongated element or arch executes active tasks, it will come into contact with a tooth in the vicinity of its fulcrum, pressing it and in this way obtaining a displacement of the tooth without rotation thereof.
  • the elongated arches or elements will run along the posterior face of the teeth, being invisible from the outside, but collaborating in the movement of the teeth and / or in bone growth.
  • the elongated elements of the device object of the present invention can be arranged in an area immediately adjacent to the teeth, such that the device does not occupy the central area of the mouth.
  • the connecting spring may also exert a mainly passive stress transmission function or an active function, arranging it curved, in such a way that it exerts a force that favors the opening and bone growth of the jaws, exerting activator functions of the elongated elements. This force can be additional to that which they carry out, by themselves, an elongated element-
  • the connecting spring or other specific compression spring can also be arranged between two covers, so that it tends to separate them, also in a stretched situation, in such a way way that tends to bring the covers closer, which may be useful in mesializations and distalizations.
  • elastic bands may be attached to the covers, for example by means of hooks attached to the cover for this purpose.
  • these comprise an orthodontic device comprising, in turn, three tooth covers corresponding to the same row of teeth, a tooth cover being displaced with respect to the arrangement of the teeth to which they correspond the covers, presenting the device, likewise, two elongated elements made of flexible material, fixed by two ends to the covers not displaced for connection with the displaced cover, such that, once placed in the mouth, the elongated elements exert a elastic force on the displaced sheath.
  • the remaining or "free" ends of the elongate elements may be attached to the displaced splint in different ways, for example, by providing free end anchoring areas, by gluing, or in any other way.
  • This device is especially effective in the generation of spaces as a phase prior to performing other operations, allowing, for example, to move a set of teeth with respect to others, but without increasing the distance between the teeth of each of the sets.
  • the present invention comprises an orthodontic device comprising: - a tooth cover having an element elongated made of flexible material, said elongate element being fixed at one end of the sheath, the other end of which is free, and the elongated element having an angular spring and another tooth sheath having an anchor point for the free end of the elongated element.
  • the angular spring may consist of at least one circular loop of the elongate element.
  • the free end of the elongate element may have a hook shape.
  • the present invention comprises a device comprising at least two tooth covers, each cover having at least one elongated element made of flexible material, each of the elongated elements being fixed at one of its ends to its corresponding splint in an area corresponding to the inside of the teeth, the other end thereof being freely disposed, each sheath also having an anchor point for an elastic rubber disposed in an area corresponding to the outside of the covered teeth by the sheath, and an elastic rubber of sufficient length to travel, in a stressed state, the outer part of an unplaced tooth not covered by any of the two said splints and the inner part of a displaced tooth not covered by any of the two cited splints.
  • said free ends will be joined together by a spring.
  • This device is clearly advantageous because it allows the elastic rubber to balance the force made by the elongated element in the teeth not displaced while adding an additional effect that promotes the movement of displaced teeth.
  • the rubber when passing from the outside of an undisplaced tooth to the inside of a displaced tooth, the rubber exerts an effect that tends to separate the non-displaced tooth from the repositioning path of the displaced tooth. That is, the device exerts forces contrary to the existing tensions and applied at the place of occurrence of said tensions.
  • the elongated elements have a form that, when placed in the mouth of the user exert an elastic force on the user of between 20 and 26 grams force. According to the tests performed, surprisingly, and although values outside this range are possible, significantly greater forces do not necessarily cause faster or better results, while significantly lower forces are significantly less efficient. Without wishing to link their invention to any theory, the present invention believes that this is because the force exerted must be of the order of the internal tension existing in the tissues, not being major forces transmitted efficiently by said tissues.
  • the tests performed by the inventor result in a better response than the other known invisible systems.
  • the present device is capable of achieving a remarkable bone growth stimulation, it is not necessary to file the teeth to obtain the desired aesthetic effect.
  • the apparatus object of the present invention can be easily configured in different devices for performing a wide variety of orthodontic operations.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view of an apparatus according to the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a perspective view of a device according to the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a perspective view of another device according to the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is an application scheme of a device similar to that shown in Figure 2.
  • Figure 5 is another application scheme of another different device object of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a perspective view of another device according to the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic view of a denture in which a device according to Figure 6 has been placed.
  • Figure 8 is a perspective view of another device according to the present invention, in operating position.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic view of another device according to the present invention, also in the operating position.
  • Figure 1 shows an apparatus object of the present invention composed of a tooth sheath -1-, manufactured according to the measurements of a client or user and an elongated element or arch -2- joined by one of its ends -3- to the sheath -1- and arranging another of its ends -4- freely.
  • the covers are preferably made of a transparent plastic material, such as polycarbonate.
  • the elongate element -2- can be constituted by a stainless steel wire, for example of 0.7 mm in diameter.
  • the method of joining between the sheath -1- and the elongated element -2- can be glued with acrylic.
  • the device object of the present invention is economical and easy to manufacture, since any orthodontist can prepare it in their laboratory workshop.
  • cover at least one preferably external stainless steel hook, for example with folds at the ends, to fix it to the cover or splint with acrylic and which will serve to hook bands intra- and intemaxillary elastic.
  • tubes and anchor buttons may also be added to the sheath.
  • Figure 2 shows a possible embodiment of the device object of the present invention, which is formed by two apparatus -1-, -1'-, -2-, -2'- etc ... similar to that shown in Figure 1, joined each other by middle of a spring -5-, which joins both elongated elements -2-, -2'-, which are arranged in opposition to each other, in the area between covers -1-, -1'-.
  • the spring may be a spring of a commercially available nickel-titanium alloy.
  • the spring -5- is slightly curved, which causes a force of separation of the covers -1-, -1'- from each other.
  • the elongated elements -2-, -2'- will be arched to travel the area closest to the inner face of the denture through its palatal or lingual area, that is, the curved development of the elongated element corresponds to these areas with the corresponding maxilla.
  • elongated elements or arches may have vestibularization hooks that will also be joined with the connecting spring -5-.
  • Figure 3 shows another embodiment of the device object of the present invention.
  • the wire-forming elements that form the elongated elements -2-, -2'- have, in addition to the free end -A-, -4'- of a zone -6-, -6'- of curvature that defines a return from the wire element -2-, -2'- to the sheath -1-, -1 ' ' -.
  • the spring -5- can exert an additional action on the teeth to that exerted by the elongated element -2-, -2'-.
  • the manufacture of a device according to the present invention is advantageously simple.
  • transparent splints are made of the upper arch, or of the lower arch, or both, as required.
  • elongated elements or upper and lower joining arches, right and left are also made with steel wire, also as required.
  • the distal end of each of the arches joining the palatal or lingual area of the corresponding area (for example the canine area) of each transparent splint is pasted by acrylic.
  • the splints are trimmed and polished according to the need of each particular case.
  • the nickel-titanium joint spring is added into the joint arches and the patient is placed in the denture.
  • FIG. 4 An example of application of a device object of the present invention to a denture can be seen in Figure 4. Elements similar to those shown in Figures 1 to 3 have been designated with identical numerals. It is observed that when the arches -2-, -2'- are arranged in the area immediately adjacent to the internal face of the denture, the device leaves the central area of the mouth free, which constitutes one of the advantages of the object devices of the present invention. In the figure, some of the forces exerted by the device by the teeth have been represented by arrows.
  • Figure 5 shows a different application.
  • For this has used a series of attachments to a device similar to that shown in the previous figures. It is observed in this case that each sheath -1-, -1 '- has two arcs or elongated elements -2-, -20-, -2'-, -20'- joined by the corresponding springs -5-, - 5'-.
  • the tooth to be rotated -100- anchor buttons -101- to which elastic bands -70-, -70'- fixed to the covers or splints -1-, -1 '- have been attached through joining means such as hooks -7-, -7'-.
  • the elastic bands will preferably be transparent. In certain cases, the function of the elastic bands could also be carried out by other elastic elements such as metal hooks.
  • the device shown in Figures 6 and 7 is composed of two apparatus according to the present invention, between which a third sheath has been placed in intermediate position. More particularly, the device of Figures 6 and 7 comprises three transparent tooth covers -1-, -10-, -1'-. Said three covers, in the example shown, can be obtained, for example, by making a cover corresponding to all the teeth from a mold corresponding to the patient's mouth. Said cover is then divided into three pieces, giving rise to the covers -1-, -10'-, -1'-, which will be joined by elongated wire-shaped elements -2-, -2'- that run through spaces of separation between covers -600-, -600'-.
  • the cover -10- corresponding to the displaced front teeth has been placed with respect to the actual situation of the teeth.
  • the wires generate an elastic force due to deformation that acts on the front teeth through the sheath.
  • the union of the wire elements -2-, -2'- with the back covers -1-, -1 '- can be carried out preferably by gluing their corresponding ends -3-, -3'-.
  • the joining of the free ends -4-, -4'- of the wire elements with the front cover -10- can be carried out by any means, for example by providing reception areas in the front cover -10- or by any other method. It would also be possible to join the wire elements -4-, -4'- with each other in addition to the front cover -10-.
  • wire elements -2-, -2'- may change direction between covers.
  • Figure 8 shows another embodiment of a device according to the present invention.
  • the device is formed by a transparent back sheath -1- equipped with an elongated wire element -2- that has an angular spring area formed by circular loops -8- in its development.
  • the wire element -2- is connected to the back cover -1- through a junction point -3- that allows the element to rotate.
  • the free end -4- of the wire element has a hook -A- for connection with a receiving element -9- attached to a second transparent sheath -1 '- covering a plurality of teeth.
  • FIG 9 another embodiment according to the present invention has been shown, illustrating the great versatility thereof.
  • this device is based on two devices according to the aforementioned main patent that are connected through a helical spring -5- by the free ends -4-, -4 / - of the elongated elements -2-, - 2'- of each of its apparatuses, running the development of said wire elements -2-, -2'- through the inside of the teeth. From this arrangement, the device is completed with two fixing zones -11-, -11'- for an elastic band -12- located in the area corresponding to the outside of the teeth.
  • the elastic band -12- travels the teeth not covered by the covers -1-, -1 '- in such a way that ensures that the movement of expansion of the teeth caused by the device does not result in a separation thereof.
  • the elastic band -12- runs along the inside of the occluded tooth -501- in such a way that the band "pushes" the tooth towards its desired position, but also tends to open the space between adjacent teeth. through a force that acts precisely in that situation.

Abstract

Orthodontic apparatus of the type that comprises a cover or ferule for teeth, characterized in that, in addition to the tooth cover, it comprises an elongate element produced from a flexible material that is fixed via one of its ends to the cover, its other end being free.

Description

APARATO Y DISPOSITIVO ORTODÓNCICO ORTHODONIC DEVICE AND DEVICE
DESCRIPCIÓNDESCRIPTION
La presente invención hace referencia a un aparato ortodóncico y a dispositivos ortodóncicos que comprenden dicho aparato.The present invention refers to an orthodontic apparatus and orthodontic devices comprising said apparatus.
En particular, la presente invención hace referencia a aparatos y dispositivos que permiten una corrección estética de la apariencia externa de una dentadura, pudiéndose obtener en determinados casos una estimulación del crecimiento óseo maxilar que utiliza dicho dispositivo.In particular, the present invention refers to devices and devices that allow an aesthetic correction of the external appearance of a denture, being able to obtain in some cases a stimulation of the maxillary bone growth used by said device.
La ortodoncia estudia la modificación de la posición de los dientes dentro de la boca. Como consecuencia de las tendencias estéticas actuales, dicha rama de la tecnología se centra actualmente, en su mayor parte, en la modificación estética de la dentadura de sus clientes, en general con un fin estético y no terapéutico.Orthodontics studies the modification of the position of the teeth inside the mouth. As a consequence of current aesthetic trends, this branch of technology is currently focused, for the most part, on the aesthetic modification of the teeth of its clients, in general with an aesthetic and non-therapeutic purpose.
Dada la acusada naturaleza estética de la mayoría de los métodos ortodóncicos, resulta necesario no sólo obtener buenos resultados finales, sino además, que los dispositivos utilizados no sean visibles desde el exterior.Given the marked aesthetic nature of most orthodontic methods, it is necessary not only to obtain good final results, but also that the devices used are not visible from the outside.
Los métodos tradicionales comprenden la aplicación de aparatos ortodóncicos cuya función es empujar los dientes hacia la posición deseada. Dichos aparatos resultan visibles desde el exterior, molestan el habla y requieren de cuidados y una higiene especial por parte del paciente. Además, en caso de requerirse grandes movimientos, resulta necesario eliminar materia de los dientes para conseguir el resultado final, por cuanto no consiguen una estimulación de crecimiento óseo suficiente, que genere nuevos espacios para los dientes. Además, el contacto entre elementos duros para generar puntos de fijación concretos con los dientes (brackets) puede llevar a dañar el esmalte dental. Por otro lado, estos aparatos y métodos ortodóncicos ocupan un lugar considerable dentro de la boca, por lo que además son molestos para el usuario.Traditional methods include the application of orthodontic appliances whose function is to push the teeth towards the desired position. These devices are visible from the outside, disturb speech and require special care and hygiene by the patient. In addition, if large movements are required, it is necessary to remove matter from the teeth to achieve the final result, since they do not achieve a stimulation of sufficient bone growth, which generates new spaces for the teeth. In addition, the contact between hard elements to generate specific fixing points with the teeth (brackets) can lead to damage the tooth enamel. On the other hand, these devices and orthodontic methods occupy a considerable place inside the mouth, so they are also annoying for the user.
También resultan conocidas las fundas o férulas transparentes realizadas en un material plástico, con propiedades elásticas, que se colocan cubriendo los dientes y cuya función es empujar los dientes hacia la posición deseada. Cada cierto tiempo, el movimiento que la férula induce a los dientes hace que ésta pierda su función de presión y debe ser cambiada por otra distinta que presione de nuevo los dientes hacia la posición deseada. Este método es caro, por cuanto requiere realizar una simulación completa de las posiciones intermedias de los dientes durante el movimiento de toda la dentadura antes de generar las fundas, fabricar un número considerable de fundas para diversos estados intermedios del movimiento dental y, además, requiere visitas frecuentes al ortodoncista para comprobar el movimiento de los dientes y cambiar las fundas. Este método y estos dispositivos, además, no estimulan el crecimiento óseo, por lo que sus resultados quedan limitados.Also known are the transparent covers or splints made of a plastic material, with elastic properties, which are placed covering the teeth and whose function is to push the teeth towards the desired position. From time to time, the movement that the splint induces the teeth causes it to lose its pressure function and must be changed by a different one that presses the teeth back to the desired position. This method is expensive, since it requires a complete simulation of the intermediate positions of the teeth during the movement of the entire denture before generating the covers, manufacturing a considerable number of covers for various intermediate stages of the dental movement and, in addition, it requires Frequent visits to the orthodontist to check the movement of the teeth and change the covers. In addition, this method and these devices do not stimulate bone growth, so their results are limited.
Para dar una solución a los inconvenientes antes citados, la presente invención da a conocer un aparato, y dispositivos que incluyen dicho aparato. El aparato y los dispositivos son de fácil fabricación, y por lo tanto económicos, ocupan un espacio reducido en las proximidades de los dientes y no provocan dificultades en el habla del usuario. En las pruebas realizadas por el presente inventor, los dispositivos ortodóncicos objeto de la presente invención han obtenido unos resultados rápidos y excelentes, claramente superiores a los de los métodos actualmente conocidos. Además, el dispositivo, una vez aplicado a un usuario, no resulta visible al exterior.To provide a solution to the aforementioned drawbacks, the present invention discloses an apparatus, and devices that include said apparatus. The device and devices are easy to manufacture, and therefore economical, occupy a small space in the vicinity of the teeth and do not cause difficulties in the user's speech. In the tests carried out by the present inventor, the orthodontic devices object of the present invention have obtained fast and excellent results, clearly superior to those of the methods currently known. In addition, the device, once applied to a user, is not visible outside.
En particular, el aparato ortodóncico objeto de la presente invención comprende una férula o funda de dientes, preferentemente transparente, a la que se fija un elemento alargado realizado en material flexible que queda fijado a la férula por uno de sus extremos, quedando libre otro extremo .In particular, the orthodontic apparatus object of the present invention comprises a splint or tooth sheath, preferably transparent, to which an elongated element made of flexible material is fixed that is fixed to the splint by one of its ends, leaving another end free .
En las pruebas realizadas, este aparato básico presenta como ventaja su flexibilidad, pudiendo ser utilizado para la generación de diversos dispositivos ortodóncicos y ortopédicos. Esto es debido a diferentes ventajas que presentan los dispositivos realizados a partir del aparato: - Son fácilmente removibles por el usuario, quien puede quitárselo únicamente para tareas puntuales tales como comer, lavarse los dientes, etc.In the tests carried out, this basic device has its flexibility as an advantage, and can be used for the generation of various orthodontic and orthopedic devices. This is due to different advantages of the devices made from the device: - They are easily removable by the user, who can remove it only for specific tasks such as eating, brushing teeth, etc.
- La funda transparente permite una utilización más prolongada, por cuanto el usuario no se lo retira por motivos estéticos en determinados momentos del día estas dos características hacen que el dispositivo pueda actuar sobre el usuario durante un tiempo más prolongado;- The transparent cover allows a longer use, because the user does not remove it for aesthetic reasons at certain times of the day, these two characteristics make the device can act on the user for a longer time;
- además, la utilización de férulas anatómicas permite una correcta transmisión de fuerzas y anclajes, lo - A -- In addition, the use of anatomical splints allows a correct transmission of forces and anchors, - TO -
que permite actuar sobre desequilibrios de fuerzas en la boca del paciente sin provocar la creación de otros nuevos - la versatilidad del aparato permite regular la fuerza del aparato y que la aplicación de fuerzas sea la requerida por las circunstancias.that allows to act on imbalances of forces in the patient's mouth without causing the creation of new ones - the versatility of the device allows to regulate the force of the device and that the application of forces is the one required by the circumstances.
En definitiva, el aparato objeto de la presente invención permite generar fuerzas que actúan sobre el equilibrio tensional existente en la boca del usuario, promoviendo el fortalecimiento y/o crecimiento de elementos (músculos cuya fuerza está "desequilibrada" en comparación con el resto del sistema) mediante la aplicación de fuerzas de dirección contraria a las tensiones "desequilibrantes" existentes en el sistema, y sin provocar con ello nuevos desequilibrios (por ejemplo, por concentración de fuerzas de reacción en un punto no desequilibrado o por generación de momentos de fuerza o reacciones debido a una aplicación alejada de la zona tensionada) .In short, the apparatus object of the present invention allows generating forces that act on the tension balance existing in the mouth of the user, promoting the strengthening and / or growth of elements (muscles whose strength is "unbalanced" compared to the rest of the system ) by applying steering forces contrary to the "unbalanced" tensions in the system, and without causing new imbalances (for example, by concentration of reaction forces at an unbalanced point or by generating moments of force or reactions due to an application away from the stressed area).
Como han demostrado las pruebas y estudios realizados por el inventor, es precisamente actuando contra las tensiones existentes en el sistema, en su lugar de aparición, (lo cual puede obtenerse mediante el aparato y dispositivos objeto de la presente invención) como se obtienen unos resultados claramente ventajosos con respecto a las técnicas anteriormente conocidas. Esto es debido a que los defectos dentales (maloclusiones, mordida abierta, etc.) tienen como origen en un alto porcentaje de casos un desequilibrio existente en los mecanismos musculares de la boca (musculatura peribucal, músculos elevadores, depresores) , los cuales actúan como un todo con el sistema dental y óseo. El elemento alargado o arco podrá ser preferentemente un elemento alambriforme, realizado en material metálico, tal como por ejemplo acero inoxidable. De manera preferente, podrá presentar un desarrollo curvado que corresponde con un maxilar, de tal manera que el elemento alargado discurrirá por las proximidades de la pared de una dentadura, más preferentemente la cara interior u oculta de una dentadura. En otra realización preferente, el elemento alargado alambriforme presentará un curvamiento en un extremo que defina un retorno de una parte del elemento alambriforme hacia la funda. Una funda podrá presentar más de un elemento alargado .As the tests and studies carried out by the inventor have shown, it is precisely acting against the tensions existing in the system, in their place of appearance, (which can be obtained by means of the apparatus and devices object of the present invention) as results are obtained clearly advantageous with respect to the previously known techniques. This is due to the fact that dental defects (malocclusions, open bite, etc.) originate in a high percentage of cases an imbalance in the muscular mechanisms of the mouth (peribucal muscles, lifting muscles, depressants), which act as a whole with the dental and bone system. The elongate element or arc may preferably be a wire element, made of metallic material, such as stainless steel. Preferably, it may have a curved development corresponding to a maxilla, such that the elongate element will run along the proximities of the wall of a denture, more preferably the inner or hidden face of a denture. In another preferred embodiment, the elongated wire element will have a bend at one end that defines a return of a part of the wire element towards the sheath. A cover may have more than one elongated element.
El elemento alargado o arco fijado a la funda, según la presente invención, puede ejercer funciones activas (presión contra encía y/o dientes) o funciones pasivas de unión o transmisión de esfuerzos hacia la funda, motivo por el cual el aparato objeto de la presente invención es muy versátil y permite realizar numerosos dispositivos objeto asimismo de la presente invención. Como se ha citado, este arco o elemento alargado presenta la ventaja de no interferir con los movimientos de la lengua al discurrir en la zona inmediatamente anexa a la cara interior de la dentadura.The elongated element or arc fixed to the sheath, according to the present invention, can exert active functions (pressure against gum and / or teeth) or passive functions of joining or transmitting forces towards the sheath, which is why the apparatus object of the The present invention is very versatile and allows numerous devices to be object of the present invention. As mentioned, this elongated arch or element has the advantage of not interfering with the movements of the tongue when it runs in the area immediately attached to the inner face of the denture.
La funda preferentemente cubrirá varios dientes y se utilizará para repartir uniformemente los esfuerzos debidos a acciones ejercidas sobre dientes no cubiertos por la funda.The cover will preferably cover several teeth and will be used to evenly distribute the efforts due to actions exerted on teeth not covered by the cover.
También podrán fijarse a la funda otros elementos tales como un elemento para fijar una banda elástica a la funda, por ejemplo un gancho. En definitiva, el aparato objeto de la presente invención constituye una base sobre la que se construyen dispositivos objeto de la presente invención, los cuales lo comprenden. Mediante diferentes combinaciones, se generan diferentes dispositivos con diferentes funciones, tales como mesializar, distalizar, etc.. El aparato objeto de la presente invención presenta asimismo la ventaja de que es de fácil construcción. En general, la funda tiene como finalidad asegurar un apoyo bien repartido, no lesivo y, en su caso, no lesivo para los elementos activos que a él se conectan. Por su parte, el elemento alargado podrá efectuar, dependiendo de la disposición en la que se utilice, funciones activas, ejerciendo presión sobre dientes, o pasivas, de transmisión de la fijación de los elementos activos a la funda o bien de sujeción de dichos elementos activos .Other elements such as an element for attaching an elastic band to the cover, for example a hook, may also be attached to the cover. In short, the apparatus object of the present invention constitutes a base on which devices object of the present invention are constructed, which comprise it. Through different combinations, different devices with different functions are generated, such as mesializing, distalizing, etc. The apparatus object of the present invention also has the advantage that it is easy to construct. In general, the cover is intended to ensure a well-distributed, non-harmful and, where appropriate, non-harmful support for the active elements that are connected to it. On the other hand, the elongated element may perform, depending on the arrangement in which it is used, active functions, exerting pressure on teeth, or passive, of transmission of the fixation of the active elements to the sheath or fastening of said elements assets .
Según un primer aspecto, un dispositivo que hace uso del aparato objeto de la presente invención puede comprender: - al menos dos fundas de dientes, disponiendo cada funda de, al menos, un elemento alargado realizado en material flexible, estando cada uno de los elementos alargados fijados por uno de sus extremos a su férula correspondiente, disponiéndose libre otro extremo del mismo, yAccording to a first aspect, a device that makes use of the apparatus object of the present invention can comprise: - at least two tooth covers, each cover having at least one elongated element made of flexible material, each of the elements being elongated fixed by one of its ends to its corresponding splint, with another free end thereof disposed, and
- un resorte para unir los elementos alargados entre si a través sus extremos libres .- a spring to join the elongated elements together through their free ends.
Es decir, un dispositivo objeto de la presente invención puede comprender dos aparatos ortodóncicos objeto de la presente invención y un resorte de unión entre ambos. Como es natural, realizaciones preferentes del dispositivo objeto de la presente invención corresponderán con realizaciones preferentes del aparato antes citados.That is, a device object of the present invention can comprise two orthodontic devices object of the present invention and a connecting spring between them. Naturally, preferred embodiments of the device object of the present invention will correspond to preferred embodiments of the apparatus mentioned above.
En realizaciones preferentes, los extremos libres de los elementos alargados o arcos se disponen en oposición entre sí, en la zona situada entre las fundas. En determinadas realizaciones preferentes, en las cuales al menos un elemento alargado o arco ejecuta tareas activas, éste entrará en contacto con un diente en las proximidades de su fulcro, presionándolo y de esta manera obteniendo un desplazamiento del diente sin rotación de éste. Preferentemente, los arcos o elementos alargados discurrirán por la cara posterior de los dientes, resultando invisibles desde el exterior, pero colaborando en el movimiento de los dientes y/o en el crecimiento óseo. De manera ventajosa, los elementos alargados del dispositivo objeto de la presente invención pueden disponerse en una zona inmediatamente adyacente a los dientes, de tal manera que el dispositivo no ocupa la zona central de la boca. El resorte de unión podrá igualmente ejercer una función principalmente pasiva de transmisión de esfuerzos o una función activa, disponiéndolo curvado, de tal manera que ejerce una fuerza que favorezca la apertura y crecimiento óseo de las mandíbulas, ejerciendo funciones de activador de los elementos alargados. Esta fuerza puede ser adicional a la que realicen, por sí mismos, un elemento alargado- También podrá disponerse el resorte de unión u otro resorte específico en compresión entre dos fundas, de tal manera que tienda a separarlas, también en situación estirada, de tal manera que tienda a acercar las fundas, lo cual podrá ser útil en mesializaciones y distalizaciones .In preferred embodiments, the free ends of the elongated elements or arches are arranged in opposition to each other, in the area between the covers. In certain preferred embodiments, in which at least one elongated element or arch executes active tasks, it will come into contact with a tooth in the vicinity of its fulcrum, pressing it and in this way obtaining a displacement of the tooth without rotation thereof. Preferably, the elongated arches or elements will run along the posterior face of the teeth, being invisible from the outside, but collaborating in the movement of the teeth and / or in bone growth. Advantageously, the elongated elements of the device object of the present invention can be arranged in an area immediately adjacent to the teeth, such that the device does not occupy the central area of the mouth. The connecting spring may also exert a mainly passive stress transmission function or an active function, arranging it curved, in such a way that it exerts a force that favors the opening and bone growth of the jaws, exerting activator functions of the elongated elements. This force can be additional to that which they carry out, by themselves, an elongated element- The connecting spring or other specific compression spring can also be arranged between two covers, so that it tends to separate them, also in a stretched situation, in such a way way that tends to bring the covers closer, which may be useful in mesializations and distalizations.
Para otro tipo de operaciones ortodóncicas, podrán fijarse bandas elásticas a las fundas, por ejemplo mediante ganchos fijados a la funda para tal fin. Según otro aspecto de las presente mejoras, éstas comprenden un dispositivo ortodδncico que comprende, a su vez, tres fundas de dientes correspondientes a una misma fila de dientes, estando una funda de dientes desplazada con respecto a la disposición de los dientes a los que corresponden las fundas, presentando el dispositivo, asimismo, sendos elementos alargados realizados en material flexible, fijados por sendos extremos a las fundas no desplazadas para unión con la funda desplazada, de tal manera que, una vez colocada en la boca, los elementos alargados ejercen una fuerza elástica sobre la funda desplazada.For other types of orthodontic operations, elastic bands may be attached to the covers, for example by means of hooks attached to the cover for this purpose. According to another aspect of the present improvements, these comprise an orthodontic device comprising, in turn, three tooth covers corresponding to the same row of teeth, a tooth cover being displaced with respect to the arrangement of the teeth to which they correspond the covers, presenting the device, likewise, two elongated elements made of flexible material, fixed by two ends to the covers not displaced for connection with the displaced cover, such that, once placed in the mouth, the elongated elements exert a elastic force on the displaced sheath.
Los extremos restantes o "libres" de los elementos alargados podrán quedar unidos a la férula desplazada de diferentes modos, por ejemplo, disponiendo zonas de anclaje de los extremos libre, mediante pegado, o de cualquier otro modo .The remaining or "free" ends of the elongate elements may be attached to the displaced splint in different ways, for example, by providing free end anchoring areas, by gluing, or in any other way.
Este dispositivo es especialmente eficaz en la generación de espacios como fase previa a la realización de otras operaciones, permitiendo, por ejemplo desplazar un conjunto de dientes con respecto a otros, pero sin aumentar la distancia existente entre los dientes de cada uno de los conjuntos .This device is especially effective in the generation of spaces as a phase prior to performing other operations, allowing, for example, to move a set of teeth with respect to others, but without increasing the distance between the teeth of each of the sets.
Según otro aspecto más, la presente invención comprende un dispositivo ortodóncico que comprende: - una funda de dientes que dispone de un elemento alargado realizado en material flexible, estando dicho elemento alargado fijado por uno de sus extremos a la funda, disponiéndose libre el otro extremo del mismo, y disponiendo el elemento alargado de un muelle angular y otra funda de dientes que dispone de un punto de anclaje para el extremo libre del elemento alargado.According to yet another aspect, the present invention comprises an orthodontic device comprising: - a tooth cover having an element elongated made of flexible material, said elongate element being fixed at one end of the sheath, the other end of which is free, and the elongated element having an angular spring and another tooth sheath having an anchor point for the free end of the elongated element.
El muelle angular puede consistir en al menos un bucle circular del elemento alargado. Para facilitar el anclado a la otra funda, el extremo libre del elemento alargado podrá presentar forma de gancho.The angular spring may consist of at least one circular loop of the elongate element. To facilitate anchoring to the other sheath, the free end of the elongate element may have a hook shape.
Según aún otro aspecto más, la presente invención comprende un dispositivo que comprende al menos dos fundas de dientes, disponiendo cada funda de, al menos, un elemento alargado realizado en material flexible, estando cada uno de los elementos alargados fijados por uno de sus extremos a su férula correspondiente en una zona correspondiente al interior de los dientes, disponiéndose libre el otro extremo del mismo, disponiendo cada funda, además, de un punto de anclaje para una goma elástica dispuesto en una zona correspondiente a la parte exterior de los dientes cubiertos por la funda, y una goma elástica de longitud suficiente para recorrer, en estado tensionado, la parte externa de un diente no desplazado no cubierto por ninguna de las dos citadas férulas y la parte interna de un diente desplazado no cubierto por ninguna de las dos citadas férulas. Preferentemente, los citados extremos libres estarán unidos entre sí por un resorte.According to yet another aspect, the present invention comprises a device comprising at least two tooth covers, each cover having at least one elongated element made of flexible material, each of the elongated elements being fixed at one of its ends to its corresponding splint in an area corresponding to the inside of the teeth, the other end thereof being freely disposed, each sheath also having an anchor point for an elastic rubber disposed in an area corresponding to the outside of the covered teeth by the sheath, and an elastic rubber of sufficient length to travel, in a stressed state, the outer part of an unplaced tooth not covered by any of the two said splints and the inner part of a displaced tooth not covered by any of the two cited splints. Preferably, said free ends will be joined together by a spring.
Este dispositivo resulta claramente ventajoso porque permite que la goma elástica equilibre la fuerza realizada por el elemento alargado en los dientes no desplazados a la vez que suma un efecto adicional que promueve el movimiento de los dientes desplazados. Además, al pasar del exterior de un diente no desplazado al interior de un diente desplazado, la goma ejerce un efecto que tiende a separar el diente no desplazado de la trayectoria de recolocación del diente desplazado. Es decir, el dispositivo ejerce unas fuerzas contrarias a las tensiones existentes y aplicadas en el lugar de aparición de dichas tensiones.This device is clearly advantageous because it allows the elastic rubber to balance the force made by the elongated element in the teeth not displaced while adding an additional effect that promotes the movement of displaced teeth. In addition, when passing from the outside of an undisplaced tooth to the inside of a displaced tooth, the rubber exerts an effect that tends to separate the non-displaced tooth from the repositioning path of the displaced tooth. That is, the device exerts forces contrary to the existing tensions and applied at the place of occurrence of said tensions.
De aplicación para todos los dispositivos, los elementos alargados presentan una forma tal que, cuando se colocan en la boca del usuario ejercen una fuerza elástica sobre el usuario de entre 20 y 26 gramos fuerza. De acuerdo con las pruebas realizadas, de manera sorprendente, y si bien son posibles valores fuera de dicho rango, fuerzas significativamente mayores no provocan necesariamente resultados más rápidos ni mejores, mientras que fuerzas significativamente menores son significativamente menos eficientes. Sin querer ligar su invención a ninguna teoría, la presente invención cree que esto es debido a que la fuerza ejercida debe ser del orden de la tensión interna existente en los tejidos, no siendo fuerzas mayores transmitidas de manera eficiente por dichos tejidos.Applicable to all devices, the elongated elements have a form that, when placed in the mouth of the user exert an elastic force on the user of between 20 and 26 grams force. According to the tests performed, surprisingly, and although values outside this range are possible, significantly greater forces do not necessarily cause faster or better results, while significantly lower forces are significantly less efficient. Without wishing to link their invention to any theory, the present invention believes that this is because the force exerted must be of the order of the internal tension existing in the tissues, not being major forces transmitted efficiently by said tissues.
Los dispositivos objeto de la presente invención presentan las siguientes ventajas con respecto a lo anteriormente conocido:The devices object of the present invention have the following advantages over the previously known:
- son fácilmente invisibles,- they are easily invisible,
- son de fácil aplicación,- they are easy to apply,
- son de fácil fabricación,- they are easy to manufacture,
- son higiénicos y no obstaculizan el habla, - son de larga duración, no requiriendo del usuario constantes visitas al ortodoncista.- they are hygienic and do not obstruct speech, - they are long lasting, not requiring Constant user visits to the orthodontist.
Además, las pruebas realizadas por el inventor dan como resultado mejor respuesta que los otros sistemas invisibles conocidos. En particular, el presente dispositivo es capaz de lograr una estimulación del crecimiento óseo notable, no siendo necesario limar los dientes para obtener el efecto estético deseado.In addition, the tests performed by the inventor result in a better response than the other known invisible systems. In particular, the present device is capable of achieving a remarkable bone growth stimulation, it is not necessary to file the teeth to obtain the desired aesthetic effect.
Además, el aparato objeto de la presente invención puede configurarse fácilmente en diferentes dispositivos para la realización de una amplia variedad de operaciones ortodóncicas .In addition, the apparatus object of the present invention can be easily configured in different devices for performing a wide variety of orthodontic operations.
Para una mejor compresión de la invención, se adjunta a título de ejemplo explicativo pero no limitativo, unos dibujos de unas realizaciones de la presente invención. La figura 1 es una vista en perspectiva de un aparato según la presente invención.For a better understanding of the invention, some drawings of embodiments of the present invention are attached by way of explanatory but not limiting example. Figure 1 is a perspective view of an apparatus according to the present invention.
La figura 2 es una vista en perspectiva de un dispositivo según la presente invención.Figure 2 is a perspective view of a device according to the present invention.
La figura 3 es una vista en perspectiva de otro dispositivo según la presente invención.Figure 3 is a perspective view of another device according to the present invention.
La figura 4 es un esquema de aplicación de un dispositivo similar al mostrado en la figura 2.Figure 4 is an application scheme of a device similar to that shown in Figure 2.
La figura 5 es otro esquema de aplicación de otro dispositivo diferente objeto de la presente invención. La figura 6 es una vista en perspectiva de otro dispositivo según la presente invención.Figure 5 is another application scheme of another different device object of the present invention. Figure 6 is a perspective view of another device according to the present invention.
La figura 7 es una vista esquemática de una dentadura en la que se ha colocado un dispositivo según la figura 6. La figura 8 es una vista en perspectiva de otro dispositivo según la presente invención, en posición de funcionamiento .Figure 7 is a schematic view of a denture in which a device according to Figure 6 has been placed. Figure 8 is a perspective view of another device according to the present invention, in operating position.
La figura 9 es una vista esquemática de otro dispositivo según la presente invención, asimismo en posición de funcionamiento.Figure 9 is a schematic view of another device according to the present invention, also in the operating position.
La figura 1 muestra un aparato objeto de la presente invención compuesto por una funda de dientes -1-, fabricada de acuerdo con las medidas de un cliente o usuario y un elemento alargado o arco -2- unido por uno de sus extremos -3- a la funda -1- y disponiéndose otro de sus extremos -4- de manera libre. Las fundas están realizadas de manera preferente en un material plástico transparente, tal como policarbonato . El elemento alargado -2- puede estar constituido por un alambre de acero inoxidable, por ejemplo de 0 , 7 mm de diámetro. El método de unión entre la funda -1- y el elemento alargado -2- puede ser pegado con acrílico. En definitiva, el aparato objeto de la presente invención de una fabricación económica y fácil, puesto que cualquier ortodoncista puede prepararlo en su taller laboratorio. Si bien no se ha mostrado en la figura, también será posible fijar a la funda al menos un gancho preferentemente externo de acero inoxidable, por ejemplo con dobleces en los extremos, para fijarlo a la funda o férula con acrílico y que servirá para enganchar bandas elásticas intra- e intemaxilares . Para tal fin también podrán añadirse tubos y botones de anclaje a la funda.Figure 1 shows an apparatus object of the present invention composed of a tooth sheath -1-, manufactured according to the measurements of a client or user and an elongated element or arch -2- joined by one of its ends -3- to the sheath -1- and arranging another of its ends -4- freely. The covers are preferably made of a transparent plastic material, such as polycarbonate. The elongate element -2- can be constituted by a stainless steel wire, for example of 0.7 mm in diameter. The method of joining between the sheath -1- and the elongated element -2- can be glued with acrylic. In short, the device object of the present invention is economical and easy to manufacture, since any orthodontist can prepare it in their laboratory workshop. Although it has not been shown in the figure, it will also be possible to attach to the cover at least one preferably external stainless steel hook, for example with folds at the ends, to fix it to the cover or splint with acrylic and which will serve to hook bands intra- and intemaxillary elastic. To this end, tubes and anchor buttons may also be added to the sheath.
La figura 2 muestra una posible realización del dispositivo objeto de la presente invención, que está formado por dos aparatos -1-, -1'-, -2-, -2'- etc.. similares al mostrado en la figura 1 , unidos entre si por medio de un resorte -5-, que une ambos elementos alargados -2-, -2'-, los cuales se disponen en oposición entre sí, en la zona entre fundas -1-, -1'-. El muelle puede ser un resorte de una aleación de níquel-titanio disponible comercialmente. En el caso mostrado, el muelle -5- queda ligeramente curvado, con lo que provoca una fuerza de separación de las fundas -1-, -1'- entre sí. De manera preferente, los elementos alargados -2-, -2'- estarán arqueados para recorrer la zona más próxima a la cara interior de la dentadura por su zona palatina o lingual, es decir, que el desarrollo curvado del elemento alargado corresponde en estas zonas con el maxilar correspondiente.Figure 2 shows a possible embodiment of the device object of the present invention, which is formed by two apparatus -1-, -1'-, -2-, -2'- etc ... similar to that shown in Figure 1, joined each other by middle of a spring -5-, which joins both elongated elements -2-, -2'-, which are arranged in opposition to each other, in the area between covers -1-, -1'-. The spring may be a spring of a commercially available nickel-titanium alloy. In the case shown, the spring -5- is slightly curved, which causes a force of separation of the covers -1-, -1'- from each other. Preferably, the elongated elements -2-, -2'- will be arched to travel the area closest to the inner face of the denture through its palatal or lingual area, that is, the curved development of the elongated element corresponds to these areas with the corresponding maxilla.
Si bien no se ha mostrado en las figuras, los elementos alargados o arcos podrán disponer de ganchos de vestibularización que igualmente se unirán con el resorte de unión -5-.Although it has not been shown in the figures, elongated elements or arches may have vestibularization hooks that will also be joined with the connecting spring -5-.
La figura 3 muestra otra realización del dispositivo objeto de la presente invención. En ella, los elementos alambriformes que forman los elementos alargados -2-, -2'- presentan, además del extremo libre -A-, -4'- de una zona -6-, -6'- de curvamiento que define un retorno del elemento alambriforme -2-, -2'- hacia la funda -1-, -1 ''- . De esta manera, es posible generar puntos de contacto y presión entre un diente o dientes determinados y estas zonas de retorno de los elementos alargado -2-, -2'-, por encima o por debajo de la zona palatina o lingual. En general, es interesante conseguir ejercer las fuerzas sobre el diente presionándolo en las proximidades de su fulcro, de tal manera que se obtengan desplazamientos sin producir giros indeseados. Como bien se observa en las figuras, el muelle -5- puede ejercer una acción adicional sobre los dientes a la ejercida por el elemento alargado -2-, -2'-.Figure 3 shows another embodiment of the device object of the present invention. In it, the wire-forming elements that form the elongated elements -2-, -2'- have, in addition to the free end -A-, -4'- of a zone -6-, -6'- of curvature that defines a return from the wire element -2-, -2'- to the sheath -1-, -1 '' -. In this way, it is possible to generate contact and pressure points between a particular tooth or teeth and these return zones of the elongated elements -2-, -2'-, above or below the palatal or lingual area. In general, it is interesting to be able to exert the forces on the tooth by pressing it in the vicinity of its fulcrum, so that displacements are obtained without producing unwanted turns. As you can see in the figures, the spring -5- can exert an additional action on the teeth to that exerted by the elongated element -2-, -2'-.
La fabricación de un dispositivo según la presente invención resulta ventajosamente sencilla. En primer lugar, se confeccionan férulas transparentes de la arcada superior, o de la inferior o bien de ambas, según se requiera. Luego, con alambre de acero se confeccionan los elementos alargados o arcos de unión superiores e inferiores, derecho e izquierdo, también según se requiera. Posteriormente se procede a pegar mediante acrílico el extremo distal de cada uno de los arcos de unión a la zona palatina o lingual de la zona correspondiente (por ejemplo la zona canina) de cada férula transparente. Se recortan las férulas y se pulen de acuerdo con la necesidad de cada caso particular. Se añade el resorte de unión de níquel-titanio dentro de los arcos de unión y se procede a la colocación en la dentadura del paciente .The manufacture of a device according to the present invention is advantageously simple. First, transparent splints are made of the upper arch, or of the lower arch, or both, as required. Then, elongated elements or upper and lower joining arches, right and left, are also made with steel wire, also as required. Subsequently, the distal end of each of the arches joining the palatal or lingual area of the corresponding area (for example the canine area) of each transparent splint is pasted by acrylic. The splints are trimmed and polished according to the need of each particular case. The nickel-titanium joint spring is added into the joint arches and the patient is placed in the denture.
En la figura 4 puede observarse un ejemplo de aplicación de un dispositivo objeto de la presente invención a una dentadura. Los elementos similares a aquellos mostrados en las figuras 1 a 3 han sido designados con idénticos numerales. Se observa que al disponerse los arcos -2-, -2'- en la zona inmediatamente adyacente a la cara interna de la dentadura, el dispositivo deja libre la zona central de la boca, lo que constituye una de las ventajas de los dispositivos objeto de la presente invención. En la figura se han representado mediante flechas algunas de las fuerzas ejercidas por el dispositivo por la dentadura.An example of application of a device object of the present invention to a denture can be seen in Figure 4. Elements similar to those shown in Figures 1 to 3 have been designated with identical numerals. It is observed that when the arches -2-, -2'- are arranged in the area immediately adjacent to the internal face of the denture, the device leaves the central area of the mouth free, which constitutes one of the advantages of the object devices of the present invention. In the figure, some of the forces exerted by the device by the teeth have been represented by arrows.
La figura 5 muestra una aplicación diferente. El fin perseguido en este caso en girar un diente —100—. Para ello se ha utilizado una serie de aditamentos a un dispositivo similar al mostrado en las anteriores figuras. Se observa en este caso que cada funda -1-, -1 '- dispone de dos arcos o elementos alargados -2-, -20-, -2'-, -20'- unidos por los correspondiente resortes -5-, -5'-. Por otra parte se ha procedido a unir al diente a girar -100- botones de anclaje -101- al que se han fijado bandas elásticas -70-, -70'- fijadas a las fundas o férulas -1-, -1 '- a través de medios de unión tales como ganchos -7-, -7'-. Las bandas elásticas serán preferentemente transparentes. En determinados casos, la función de las bandas elásticas también podría ser efectuada por otros elementos elásticos tales como ganchos metálicos.Figure 5 shows a different application. The aim pursued in this case in turning a tooth -100-. For this has used a series of attachments to a device similar to that shown in the previous figures. It is observed in this case that each sheath -1-, -1 '- has two arcs or elongated elements -2-, -20-, -2'-, -20'- joined by the corresponding springs -5-, - 5'-. On the other hand, the tooth to be rotated -100- anchor buttons -101- to which elastic bands -70-, -70'- fixed to the covers or splints -1-, -1 '- have been attached through joining means such as hooks -7-, -7'-. The elastic bands will preferably be transparent. In certain cases, the function of the elastic bands could also be carried out by other elastic elements such as metal hooks.
En las figuras 6 y 7 se muestra un ejemplo de dispositivo ortodóncico obtenible a partir del aparato objeto de la presente invención, compartiendo por lo tanto, con ella un mismo concepto inventivo.An example of an orthodontic device obtainable from the apparatus object of the present invention is shown in Figures 6 and 7, thus sharing the same inventive concept with it.
El dispositivo mostrado en las figuras 6 y 7 está compuesto por dos aparatos según la presente invención, entre los cuales se ha colocado una tercera funda en posición intermedia. Más en particular, el dispositivo de las figuras 6 y 7 comprende tres fundas transparentes de dientes -1-, -10-, -1'-. Dichas tres fundas, en el ejemplo mostrado, pueden obtenerse, por ejemplo, mediante la realización de una funda correspondiente a todos los dientes a partir de un molde correspondiente a la boca del paciente. Dicha funda es entonces partida en tres trozos, dando lugar a las fundas -1-, -10'-, -1'-, las cuales quedarán unidas mediante elementos alargados alambriformes -2-, -2'- que recorren espacios de separación entre fundas -600-, -600'-. Al unir las fundas entre sí, se ha colocado la funda -10- correspondiente a los dientes delanteros desplazada con respecto a la situación real de los dientes. De esta manera, una vez se coloca el dispositivo en la boca del paciente, los alambres generan una fuerza elástica por deformación que actúa sobre los dientes delanteros con intermedio de la funda. La unión de los elementos alambriformes -2-, -2'- con las fundas traseras -1-, -1 '- podrá realizarse preferentemente mediante pegado de sus extremos correspondientes -3-, -3'-. La unión de los extremos libres -4-, -4'- de los elementos alambriformes con la funda delantera -10- podrá realizarse por cualquier medio, por ejemplo disponiendo zonas de recepción en la funda delantera -10- o por cualquier otro método. También sería posible unir los elementos alambriformes -4-, -4'- entre sí además de a la funda delantera -10-. Para una mejor acción elástica, los elementos alambriformes -2-, -2'- podrán presentar cambios de dirección entre fundas.The device shown in Figures 6 and 7 is composed of two apparatus according to the present invention, between which a third sheath has been placed in intermediate position. More particularly, the device of Figures 6 and 7 comprises three transparent tooth covers -1-, -10-, -1'-. Said three covers, in the example shown, can be obtained, for example, by making a cover corresponding to all the teeth from a mold corresponding to the patient's mouth. Said cover is then divided into three pieces, giving rise to the covers -1-, -10'-, -1'-, which will be joined by elongated wire-shaped elements -2-, -2'- that run through spaces of separation between covers -600-, -600'-. By joining the covers together, the cover -10- corresponding to the displaced front teeth has been placed with respect to the actual situation of the teeth. In this way, once the device is placed in the patient's mouth, the wires generate an elastic force due to deformation that acts on the front teeth through the sheath. The union of the wire elements -2-, -2'- with the back covers -1-, -1 '- can be carried out preferably by gluing their corresponding ends -3-, -3'-. The joining of the free ends -4-, -4'- of the wire elements with the front cover -10- can be carried out by any means, for example by providing reception areas in the front cover -10- or by any other method. It would also be possible to join the wire elements -4-, -4'- with each other in addition to the front cover -10-. For better elastic action, wire elements -2-, -2'- may change direction between covers.
La figura 8 muestra otro ejemplo de realización de un dispositivo según la presente invención. En este caso se requiere no sólo un desplazamiento de dientes, sino también proporcionarles un giro con respecto al resto de dientes. El dispositivo queda formado por una funda transparente trasera -1- dotada de un elemento alargado alambriforme -2- que presenta una zona de muelle angular formado por bucles circulares -8- en su desarrollo. El elemento alambriforme -2- está unido a la funda trasera -1- a través de un punto de unión -3- que permite cierto giro al elemento. El extremo libre -4- del elemento alambriforme presenta un gancho -A- para unión con un elemento de recepción -9- unido a una segunda funda transparente -1 '- que cubre una pluralidad de dientes. Esto permite proporcionar las acciones adecuadas sobre los dientes con un reparto anatómico de cargas que permite que el cuerpo active los mecanismos proprioceptivos corporales generándose un nuevo equilibrio en el sistema que permita el desplazamiento de los dientes.Figure 8 shows another embodiment of a device according to the present invention. In this case, not only a tooth displacement is required, but also a rotation with respect to the rest of the teeth. The device is formed by a transparent back sheath -1- equipped with an elongated wire element -2- that has an angular spring area formed by circular loops -8- in its development. The wire element -2- is connected to the back cover -1- through a junction point -3- that allows the element to rotate. The free end -4- of the wire element has a hook -A- for connection with a receiving element -9- attached to a second transparent sheath -1 '- covering a plurality of teeth. This allows to provide the appropriate actions on the teeth with an anatomical distribution of loads that allows the body to activate the proprioceptive bodily mechanisms generating a new balance in the system that allows the displacement of the teeth.
Por último en la figura 9 se ha mostrado otra realización más según la presente invención, ilustrando la gran versatilidad de la misma. En este caso, este dispositivo toma como base dos aparatos según la patente principal antes citadas que quedan unidos a través de un muelle helicoidal -5- por los extremos libres -4-, -4/- de los elementos alargados -2-, -2'- de cada uno de sus aparatos, discurriendo el desarrollo de dichos elementos alambriformes -2-, -2'- por la parte interior de los dientes. A partir de dicha disposición, el dispositivo se completa con dos zonas de fijación -11-, -11'- para una banda elástica -12- situadas en la zona correspondiente al exterior de los dientes. La banda elástica -12- recorre los dientes no cubiertos por las fundas -1-, -1 '- de tal manera que asegura que el movimiento de expansión de los dientes provocado por el dispositivo no resulte en una separación de los mismos. Sin embargo, la banda elástica -12- discurre por la parte interior del diente ocluido -501- de tal manera que la banda "empuja" al diente hacia su posición deseada, pero, además, tiende a abrir el espacio existente entre los dientes adyacentes mediante una fuerza que actúa precisamente en esa situación.Finally in Figure 9, another embodiment according to the present invention has been shown, illustrating the great versatility thereof. In this case, this device is based on two devices according to the aforementioned main patent that are connected through a helical spring -5- by the free ends -4-, -4 / - of the elongated elements -2-, - 2'- of each of its apparatuses, running the development of said wire elements -2-, -2'- through the inside of the teeth. From this arrangement, the device is completed with two fixing zones -11-, -11'- for an elastic band -12- located in the area corresponding to the outside of the teeth. The elastic band -12- travels the teeth not covered by the covers -1-, -1 '- in such a way that ensures that the movement of expansion of the teeth caused by the device does not result in a separation thereof. However, the elastic band -12- runs along the inside of the occluded tooth -501- in such a way that the band "pushes" the tooth towards its desired position, but also tends to open the space between adjacent teeth. through a force that acts precisely in that situation.
La anterior descripción está referida a algunas disposiciones que pueden obtenerse a través del aparto objeto de la presente invención. El experto en la materia advertirá rápidamente, sin embargo, que existen diversas posibilidades de variación y combinación de lo mostrado para obtener los efectos deseados sin partir de la presente invención. Así por ejemplo, en zonas edéntulas será posible disponer un resorte de unión -5- en posición abierta o cerrada, de tal manera que tienda a unir o separar las férulas y con ellas los dientes, obteniéndose la distalización o mesialización deseada. También será posible disponer elásticos preferentemente transparente que recorran la zona incisiva pos su exterior y que se fijan a los medios de fijación de las correspondientes férulas que unen. Especialmente en este caso, si existe sobre mordida resulta recomendable colocar una plano de mordida de acrílico. The above description refers to some provisions that can be obtained through the device object of the present invention. The person skilled in the art will quickly notice, however, that there are various possibilities of variation and combination of what is shown to obtain the desired effects without departing from the present invention. Thus, for example, in edentulous areas it will be possible to arrange a connecting spring -5- in an open or closed position, so that it tends to join or separate the splints and with them the teeth, obtaining the desired distalization or mesialization. It will also be possible to arrange preferably transparent elastics that run through the incisor area after its exterior and which are fixed to the fixing means of the corresponding splints that join. Especially in this case, if there is an overbite it is advisable to place an acrylic bite plane.

Claims

REIVINDICACIONES
1. Aparato ortodδncico del tipo que comprende una funda o férula de dientes, caracterizado porque, además de la funda de dientes, comprende un elemento alargado realizado en material flexible, fijado por uno de sus extremos a la funda, disponiéndose libre otro extremo del mismo.1. Orthodontic apparatus of the type comprising a tooth cover or splint, characterized in that, in addition to the tooth cover, it comprises an elongated element made of flexible material, fixed at one of its ends to the cover, with another end thereof disposed free .
2. Aparato, según la reivindicación 1, caracterizado porque la funda de dientes está realizada en material transparente.2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the tooth cover is made of transparent material.
3. Aparato, según la reivindicación 1 ó 2, caracterizado porque el elemento alargado comprende un elemento alambriforme.3. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the elongate element comprises a wire element.
4. Aparato, según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 1 a 3, caracterizado porque el elemento alargado está realizado en un material metálico.4. Apparatus according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the elongate element is made of a metallic material.
5. Aparato, según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 1 a 4, caracterizado porque la funda comprende al menos un elemento para fijar una banda elástica a la funda.5. Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the sheath comprises at least one element for attaching an elastic band to the sheath.
6. Aparato, según la reivindicación 5, caracterizado dicho elemento para fijar es un gancho.6. Apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that said fixing element is a hook.
7. Aparato, según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 1 a 6, caracterizado porque el elemento alargado presenta un desarrollo curvado, correspondiendo dicho desarrollo curvado a un maxilar.7. Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the elongate element has a curved development, said curved development corresponding to a maxilla.
8. Aparato, según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 3 a 7, caracterizado porque el elemento alambriforme presenta un curvamiento en un extremo que define un retorno del elemento alambriforme hacia la funda. 8. Apparatus according to any of claims 3 to 7, characterized in that the wire element has a bend at one end that defines a return of the wire element towards the sleeve.
9. Dispositivo ortodδncico caracterizado porque comprende :9. Orthodontic device characterized in that it comprises:
- al menos dos fundas de dientes, disponiendo cada funda de, al menos, un elemento alargado realizado en material flexible, estando cada uno de los elementos alargados fijados por uno de sus extremos a su férula correspondiente, disponiéndose libre otro extremo del mismo, y- at least two tooth covers, each cover having at least one elongated element made of flexible material, each of the elongated elements being fixed at one of its ends to its corresponding splint, another end thereof being free, and
- un resorte para unir los elementos alargados entre sí a través sus extremos libres.- a spring to join the elongated elements with each other through their free ends.
10. Dispositivo, según la reivindicación 9, caracterizado porque las fundas son transparentes.10. Device according to claim 9, characterized in that the covers are transparent.
11. Dispositivo, según la reivindicación 9 o 10, caracterizado porque el elemento alargado es un elemento alambriforme.11. Device according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the elongate element is a wire element.
12. Dispositivo, según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 9 a 11 , caracterizado porque el elemento alargado está realizado en un material metálico.12. Device according to any of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that the elongate element is made of a metallic material.
13. Dispositivo, según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 9 a 12, caracterizado porque la funda comprende al menos un elemento para fijar una banda elástica a la funda.13. Device according to any of claims 9 to 12, characterized in that the sheath comprises at least one element for attaching an elastic band to the sheath.
14. Dispositivo, según la reivindicación 13, caracterizado dicho elemento para fijar es un gancho. 14. Device according to claim 13, characterized in that said fixing element is a hook.
15. Dispositivo, según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 9 a 14, caracterizado porque los extremos libres de los elementos alargados se disponen en oposición entre sí, en la zona situada entre las fundas.15. Device according to any of claims 9 to 14, characterized in that the free ends of the elongate elements are arranged in opposition to each other, in the area between the covers.
16. Dispositivo, según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 9 a 15, caracterizado porque al menos uno de los elementos alargados tienen como función entrar en contacto con la cara posterior de un diente a mover.16. Device according to any of claims 9 to 15, characterized in that at least one of the elongated elements have the function of coming into contact with the rear face of a tooth to be moved.
17. Dispositivo, según la reivindicación 16, caracterizado porque al menos uno de los elementos alargados entra en contacto con un diente en las proximidades de su fulcro, presionándolo.17. Device according to claim 16, characterized in that at least one of the elongate elements comes into contact with a tooth in the vicinity of its fulcrum, pressing it.
18. Dispositivo, según la reivindicación 16 ó 17, caracterizado porque el resorte queda doblado de tal manera que ejerce una fuerza adicional a la ejercida por el elemento alargado que tiene como función entrar en contacto con la cara posterior del diente a mover.18. Device according to claim 16 or 17, characterized in that the spring is bent in such a way that it exerts an additional force to that exerted by the elongate element whose function is to come into contact with the rear face of the tooth to be moved.
19. Dispositivo, según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 9 a 18, caracterizado porque el resorte si sitúa en compresión entre las dos fundas, de tal manera que ejerce una fuerza que tiende a separar las fundas.19. Device according to any one of claims 9 to 18, characterized in that the spring does place in compression between the two covers, such that it exerts a force that tends to separate the covers.
20. Dispositivo, según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 13 a 18, caracterizado porque ambas fundas se disponen unidas por una banda elástica.20. Device according to any of claims 13 to 18, characterized in that both sleeves are arranged joined by an elastic band.
21. Dispositivo, según la reivindicación 20, caracterizado porque dicha banda elástica es transparente.21. Device according to claim 20, characterized in that said elastic band is transparent.
22. Dispositivo, según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 9 a 21 , caracterizado porque los elementos alargados se disponen en una zona inmediatamente adyacente a la cara interna de la dentadura, de tal manera que el dispositivo deja libre la zona central de la boca.22. Device according to any of claims 9 to 21, characterized in that the elongated elements are arranged in an area immediately adjacent to the internal face of the denture, such that the device leaves the central area of the mouth free.
23. Dispositivo, según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 9 a 22, caracterizado porque al menos uno de los elementos alargados presenta un desarrollo curvado, correspondiendo dicho desarrollo curvado a un maxilar. 23. Device according to any of claims 9 to 22, characterized in that at least one of the elongate elements has a curved development, said curved development corresponding to a maxilla.
24. Dispositivo, según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 11 a 23, caracterizado porque el elemento alambriforme presenta un curvamiento en un extremo que define un retorno del elemento alambriforme hacia la funda. 24. Device according to any of claims 11 to 23, characterized in that the wire element has a bend at one end that defines a return of the wire element towards the sleeve.
25. Dispositivo ortodδncico que comprende tres fundas de dientes correspondientes a una misma fila de dientes, estando una funda de dientes desplazada con respecto a la disposición de los dientes a los que corresponden las fundas, comprendiendo el dispositivo asimismo sendos elementos alargados realizados en material flexible, fijados por sendos extremos a las fundas no desplazadas, para unión con la funda desplazada, de tal manera que, una vez colocada en la boca del usuario, los elementos alargados ejercen una fuerza elástica sobre la funda desplazada.25. Orthodontic device comprising three tooth covers corresponding to the same row of teeth, a tooth cover being displaced with respect to the arrangement of the teeth to which the covers correspond, the device also comprising elongated elements made of flexible material , fixed by two ends to the covers not displaced, for connection with the shifted cover, such that, once placed in the user's mouth, the elongated elements exert an elastic force on the shifted cover.
26. Dispositivo, según la reivindicación 25, caracterizado porque la funda desplazada presenta zonas de recepción de los elementos alargados .26. Device according to claim 25, characterized in that the displaced sheath has reception areas for elongated elements.
27. Dispositivo, según la reivindicación 25 ó 26, caracterizado porque los elementos alargados presentan cambios de dirección entre fundas.27. Device according to claim 25 or 26, characterized in that the elongated elements have changes of direction between sleeves.
28. Dispositivo ortodóncico que comprende: una primera funda de dientes que dispone de un elemento alargado realizado en material flexible, estando dicho elemento alargado fijado por uno de sus extremos a la primera funda, disponiéndose libre el otro extremo del mismo, y disponiendo el elemento alargado de un muelle angular; - una segunda funda de dientes que dispone de un punto de anclaje para el extremo libre del elemento alargado.28. Orthodontic device comprising: a first tooth cover having an elongated element made of flexible material, said elongated element being fixed at one of its ends to the first cover, the other end of which is disposed free, and the element being arranged elongation of an angular spring; - a second tooth cover that has an anchor point for the free end of the elongate element.
29. Dispositivo, según la reivindicación 28, caracterizado porque el muelle angular consiste en un bucle circular del elemento alargado.29. Device according to claim 28, characterized in that the angular spring consists of a circular loop of the elongate element.
30. Dispositivo, según la reivindicación 28 ó 29, caracterizado porque el extremo libre del elemento alargado presenta forma de gancho.30. Device according to claim 28 or 29, characterized in that the free end of the elongate element has a hook shape.
31. Dispositivo ortodóncico que comprende al menos dos fundas de dientes, disponiendo cada funda de, al menos, un elemento alargado realizado en material flexible, estando cada uno de los elementos alargados fijados por uno de sus extremos a su férula correspondiente en una zona correspondiente al interior de los dientes, disponiéndose libre el otro extremo del mismo, disponiendo cada funda, además, de un punto de anclaje para una goma elástica, dispuesto en una zona correspondiente a la parte exterior de los dientes cubiertos por la funda, y una goma elástica de longitud suficiente para recorrer, en estado tensionado, la parte externa de un diente no desplazado y la parte interna de un diente desplazado no cubiertos por ninguna de las dos citadas férulas.31. Orthodontic device comprising at least two tooth covers, each cover having at least one elongated element made of flexible material, each of the elongated elements being fixed at one end to its corresponding splint in a corresponding area inside the teeth, the other end thereof being free, each cover also having an anchor point for an elastic band, arranged in an area corresponding to the outside of the teeth covered by the cover, and a rubber elastic of sufficient length to travel, in a tensioned state, the external part of an unplaced tooth and the internal part of a displaced tooth not covered by either of the said splints.
32. Dispositivo ortodóncico, según la reivindicación 31 , caracterizado porque los extremos libres de los citados elementos alargados están unidos entre si mediante un resorte.32. Orthodontic device according to claim 31, characterized in that the free ends of said elongate elements are connected to each other by means of a spring.
33. Dispositivo ortodóncico, según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 9 a 32, caracterizado porque el dispositivo ejerce una fuerza de entre 20 y 26 gramos fuerza en los dientes a desplazar. 33. Orthodontic device according to any one of claims 9 to 32, characterized in that the device exerts a force of between 20 and 26 grams of force on the teeth to be displaced.
PCT/ES2007/000133 2006-05-05 2007-03-13 Orthodontic apparatus and device WO2007128848A1 (en)

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