WO2001095824A1 - Method for producing a boring jig for implanting artificial teeth - Google Patents

Method for producing a boring jig for implanting artificial teeth Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2001095824A1
WO2001095824A1 PCT/DE2001/002099 DE0102099W WO0195824A1 WO 2001095824 A1 WO2001095824 A1 WO 2001095824A1 DE 0102099 W DE0102099 W DE 0102099W WO 0195824 A1 WO0195824 A1 WO 0195824A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
drilling
template
artificial teeth
image
boring
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE2001/002099
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Stefan Wolz
Original Assignee
Stefan Wolz
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Stefan Wolz filed Critical Stefan Wolz
Publication of WO2001095824A1 publication Critical patent/WO2001095824A1/en

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C1/00—Dental machines for boring or cutting ; General features of dental machines or apparatus, e.g. hand-piece design
    • A61C1/08—Machine parts specially adapted for dentistry
    • A61C1/082—Positioning or guiding, e.g. of drills
    • A61C1/084—Positioning or guiding, e.g. of drills of implanting tools

Definitions

  • drilling templates have been developed, which give the dentist the drilling depth and the drilling. Examples of such drilling templates can be found in EP-A-0 774 238, US-A-5 800 168 or FR-A-2 645 733. These templates ensure drilling according to the previously set angles so that
  • EP-AG 834-292 30 Ei ⁇ e ⁇ other- ⁇ berwachungiderBohrersteHimg-is-ni taught. Your dentist can follow on a BüdscMrm whether he holds the drill, the position of which is monitored by sensors and a computer, in the correct position. This prior art is also only about holding the drill in a previously set position.
  • a CAD / CAM method for producing a drilling template in which a template blank is applied to the patient's mouth and an airfhalrme of the jawbone with attached template tube is made by means of X-rays.
  • the template blank In order to determine the exact position on the X-ray image, the template blank has at least one marking point made of radio-opaque material.
  • the x-ray image is digitized so that the direction of the drilling channel can be determined using the CAD / CAM methods known per se.
  • the drilling is carried out accordingly in the template moring.
  • the template thus obtained is to ensure that inside the
  • the main disadvantage of this method is that only a two-dimensional image can be generated on the screen.
  • US-A-5,967,777 A similar, but more complicated method of making a drilling template is disclosed in US-A-5,967,777.
  • the image to be digitized is created in a computer tomograph.
  • the template precursor inserted into the patient's mouth already has the shape of the teeth to be implanted.
  • US Pat. No. 5,967,777 also states that cross-sectional and longitudinal images of the jawbone can be obtained with this method.
  • a CT procedure should not prevail in practice.
  • FIG. 2 shows the working model according to FIG. 1 with a cast-on drilling template blank
  • FIG. 3 shows a cross section through the working model according to section M-M in FIG.
  • a working model which is denoted by 1 in FIG. 1, is first produced from a patient's jaw. 2 denotes the gap into which a tooth is to be implanted. The production of such working models is notoriously state of the art and need not be described further.
  • the digital model can also be scanned by scanning the negative form
  • Blank cast onto the drilling template Blank cast onto the drilling template.
  • a material can be used in the
  • the shape of the finished blank 3 can also be recorded digitally, so that an image of a working model with a drilling template blank attached can be created on the umbrella.
  • an x-ray image of the implant area should be taken together with an attached bolir template, which has at least one radio-opaque marker, e.g. in the form of a 3 mm thick steel ball. This marker allows the exact proportions to be set on the umbrella.
  • the Zalm technician now optimally places the drill channel 4, which is initially only available virtually, in terms of diameter and position in the jawbone 5, thereby leaving out the area 6, which in no case may be injured.
  • the drill channel By making various cuts on the umbrella, it can also be seen whether there is enough bone material in each area, in particular, whether the gums on both sides of the jawbone and the dangerous areas are sufficient.
  • the drilling channel After the position of the drilling channel is finally determined, it is drilled out in the drilling template by means of the CAM technique, the blank expediently sitting on the working mode, so that a hole is also created in the working mode that exactly corresponds to the later drilling in the patient's bone. This way of working then enables the sawing through of the working model in the area of the bore as a final check.
  • Drilling template can be provided, which is matched to the dentist's drill and which limits the drilling depth.

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for producing a boring jig for implanting artificial teeth by means of CAD-CAM. The location of the boring channel (4) is established using an image of the jaw bone (5) on a screen. The inventive method consists of generating a digital model of the tooth set by laser-scanning a working model or its negative mould. A boring jig blank (3) is then cast onto the working model or produced by cutting from a whole unit. By digitally generating a cross-sectional image of the jaw bone (5), it is possible to establish an optimal location for the boring channel (4). This image can then be superimposed with an X-ray image in order to prevent critical areas (6) inside the bone from being opened. The inventive jig enables artificial teeth to be implanted without any risk.

Description

0 Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Bohrschablone zum Implantieren von künstlichen Zähnen 0 Process for the production of a drilling template for the implantation of artificial teeth
Das Implantieren von künstlichen Zähnen kann, was das Material als solches 5 betrifft, als ausgereifte Technik bezeichnet werden. Problerne bestehen jedoch bei dem Bohren der Löcher für die Implantateinsätze. Hier ist viel Erfahrung und faclnnännisches Gespür des Zahnarztes erforderlich. Trotzdem gelingt nicht jede Bohrung, was sehr nachteilige Folgen für den Patienten hat.The implantation of artificial teeth can, in terms of the material as such 5, be referred to as a mature technique. However, problems arise when drilling the holes for the implant inserts. This requires a lot of experience and a thorough understanding of the dentist. Nevertheless, not every hole is successful, which has very disadvantageous consequences for the patient.
0 Aus diesem Grunde wurden schon άie verschiedensten Bohrschablonen entwickelt, die dem Zahnarzt die Bohrtiefe und die Bortmchrung vorgeben. Beispiele solcher Bohrschablonen finden sich in der EP-A-0 774 238, der US- A- 5 800 168 oder der FR-A- 2 645 733. Diese Schablonen gewährleisten zwar das Bohren entsprechend den vorher eingestellten Winkeln, sodaßFor this reason, a wide variety of drilling templates have been developed, which give the dentist the drilling depth and the drilling. Examples of such drilling templates can be found in EP-A-0 774 238, US-A-5 800 168 or FR-A-2 645 733. These templates ensure drilling according to the previously set angles so that
25 - handwerkliche Fehler vermieden werden können. Eine Gewähr, daß die gebohrten Löcher an der richtigen Stelle sitzen, ist j edoch damit nicht gegeben.25 - craft errors can be avoided. However, there is no guarantee that the drilled holes will be in the right place.
Eiαe^andere-ύberwachungiderBohrersteHimg-wird-ni der EP-A-G 834-292 30 gelehrt. Euer kann der Zahnarzt auf einem BüdscMrm verfolgen, ob er den Bohrer, dessen Stellung durch Sensoren und einen Computer überwacht wird, in der richtigen Lage hält. Auch bei diesem Stand der Technik geht es nur darum, den Bohrer in einer vorher eingestellten Lage zu halten.EP-AG 834-292 30 Eiαe ^ other-ύberwachungiderBohrersteHimg-is-ni taught. Your dentist can follow on a BüdscMrm whether he holds the drill, the position of which is monitored by sensors and a computer, in the correct position. This prior art is also only about holding the drill in a previously set position.
j-> Aus der FR-A- 2 687 947 ist ein CAD/CAM-Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Bohrschablone bekannt, bei dem dem Patienten ein Schablonenrohling in den Mund appliziert wird und mittels Röntgenstrahlen eine Airfhalrme des Kieferknochens mit aufgestecktem Schablonenrohli g gemacht wird. Zur Feststellung der genauen Lage auf dem Röntgenbild besitzt der 0 Schablonenrohling mindestens einen Marlderungspunkt aus radioopakem Material. Das Röntgenbild wird digitalisiert, sodaß mit den ansich bekannten CAD/CAM-Metlioden die Richtung des Bohrkanals festgelegt werden kann. Entsprechend wird in dem SchablonemoHing die Bohrung vorgenommen. Die so erhaltene Schablone soll gewährleisten, daß im Inneren desj-> From FR-A- 2 687 947 a CAD / CAM method for producing a drilling template is known, in which a template blank is applied to the patient's mouth and an airfhalrme of the jawbone with attached template tube is made by means of X-rays. In order to determine the exact position on the X-ray image, the template blank has at least one marking point made of radio-opaque material. The x-ray image is digitized so that the direction of the drilling channel can be determined using the CAD / CAM methods known per se. The drilling is carried out accordingly in the template moring. The template thus obtained is to ensure that inside the
45 Kieferknochens keine Nerven, Wurzeln oder Arterien angebohrt werden. Der wesentlich Nachteil diese Verfahrens ist es, daß auf dem Büdschirm nur ein zweidim ensionales Bild erzeugt werden kann.45 nerves, roots or arteries are not pierced. The The main disadvantage of this method is that only a two-dimensional image can be generated on the screen.
Ein ähnliches, aber noch komplizierteres Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Bohrschablone wird in der US-A-5 967 777 offenbart. Bei diesem Verfahren wird das zu digitalisierende Bild in einem Computertomographen erstellt. Der in den Mund des Patienten eingesetzte Schablonenvorläufer besitzt bereits die Form der zu implantierenden Zähne. In der US-A- 5 967777 ist auch ausgeführt, daß mit diesem Verfahren Bilder des Kieferknochens im Querschnitt und Längsschnitt erzielt werden können. Alleine wegen der hohen Kosten dürfte sich ein CT- Verfahren in der Praxis jedoch nicht durchsetzten.A similar, but more complicated method of making a drilling template is disclosed in US-A-5,967,777. In this method, the image to be digitized is created in a computer tomograph. The template precursor inserted into the patient's mouth already has the shape of the teeth to be implanted. US Pat. No. 5,967,777 also states that cross-sectional and longitudinal images of the jawbone can be obtained with this method. However, due to the high costs alone, a CT procedure should not prevail in practice.
Es ist daher Aufgabe der im Anspruch 1 angegebenen Erfindung, mittels des CAD/CAM- Verfahrens ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Bohrschablone anzugeben, das einerseits einfach ist, andrerseits eine optimalere Festlegung der Bohrung mit größter Sicherheit erlaubt.It is therefore an object of the invention specified in claim 1 to use the CAD / CAM method to specify a method for producing a drilling template which is simple on the one hand and on the other hand allows the hole to be optimally defined with the greatest possible certainty.
Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen beschrieben.Advantageous developments of the invention are described in the subclaims.
Einzelheiten der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachstehenden Beschreibung anhand der Zeichnungen.Details of the invention will become apparent from the following description with reference to the drawings.
Hierin zeigen: ! .Show here :! ,
Fig.1 ein Arbeitsmodell eines Kiefers in Draufsicht;1 shows a working model of a jaw in plan view;
Fig.2 das Arbeitsmodell nach Fig.1 mit einem angegossenen Bohrschablonenrohling;2 shows the working model according to FIG. 1 with a cast-on drilling template blank;
Fig.3 einen Querschnitt durch das Arbeitsmodell gemäß Schnitt M-M in Fig.2 .3 shows a cross section through the working model according to section M-M in FIG.
Von einem Kiefer eines Patienten wird zunächst ein Arbeitsmodell angefertigt, das in Fig.1 mit 1 bezeichnet ist. Mit 2 ist die Lücke bezeichnet, in die ein Zahn implantiert werden soll. Die Herstellung solcher Arbeitsmodelle ist notorischer Stand der Technik und braucht nicht weiter beschrieben werden.A working model, which is denoted by 1 in FIG. 1, is first produced from a patient's jaw. 2 denotes the gap into which a tooth is to be implanted. The production of such working models is notoriously state of the art and need not be described further.
Zur Erstellung eines digitalen Modells von diesem Arbeitsmodell wird es mit einem Laserstrahl abgetastet und die topographische Form in einem Computer gespeichert. Zum Abtasten des Modells wird zweckmäßigerweise ein Verfahren benutzt, daß als konoskopisches Messen bezeichnet wird, das auf dem Prinzip der konoskopischen Holographie beruht. Zur digitalen Erfassung der Oberfläche existiert eine Flächenrückfjtünringssofrware mit dem NamenTo create a digital model of this working model, it is scanned with a laser beam and the topographical shape is saved in a computer. To scan the model, a method is expediently used that is referred to as conoscopic measurement, which is based on the principle of conoscopic holography. For digital capture there is a surface return software with the name of the surface
SurfaceExplorer.Surface Explorer.
Das digitale Modell läßt sich prinzipiell auch durch Abtasten der NegativformIn principle, the digital model can also be scanned by scanning the negative form
( Abdruck) des Kiefers erzeugen. Von einer direkten Abtastung des Gebisses des Patienten aber wird wegen der zu erwartenden Schwierigkeiten. abgesehen.Create (impression) of the jaw. A direct scan of the patient's dentition is due to the difficulties to be expected. apart.
Im Bereich, der Zahnlücke 2 wird am Arbeitsmodell 1 anschließend derIn the area, the tooth gap 2, the working model 1 is then the
Rohling emer Bohrschablone angegossen. Als Material kann ein in derBlank cast onto the drilling template. A material can be used in the
Dentaltechnik üblicher Promesenkunststoff verwendet werden. Wichtig dabei ist, daß auch benachbarte festsitzende Zähne mit eingegossen werden, damit die Lage der Schablone genau fixiert ist.Dental technology common Promeses plastic can be used. It is important that adjacent, stuck teeth are also cast in, so that the position of the template is precisely fixed.
Alternativ hierzu ist das Herausfräsen aus dem Vollen mittels der gespeicherten Daten möglich.As an alternative to this, milling out of solid material is possible using the stored data.
Falls es für erforderlich gehalten wird, kann die Form des fertigen Rohlings 3 ebenfalls digital erfaßt werden, sodaß ein Bild eines Arbeitsmodelles mit aufgesetztem Bohrschablonenrohling auf dem Büdschirm erstellt werden kann.If it is deemed necessary, the shape of the finished blank 3 can also be recorded digitally, so that an image of a working model with a drilling template blank attached can be created on the umbrella.
Mit einem zur Verfügung stehenden 3D-Gτaphüφrograrrjrn lassen sich nun . durch das Kiefermodell behebige Schnitte legen. Ein solches Bild ist mit aufgesetztem BolirschabonemoHing in Fig.3 schematisch dargestellt. Mit 5 ist der Kieferkochen bezeichnet, hι den die Bohrung 4 für den Implantateinsatz eingebracht werden soll.With a 3D-Gτaphüφrograrrjrn available now can. make correctable cuts through the jaw model. Such a picture is shown schematically in Figure 3 with the BolirschabonemoHing attached. With 5 of the jaw cooking is designated, the hole 4 is to be made for the implant insert.
Bei der Herstellung des Bohrkanals 4 im Kieferknochen 5 muß größte Sorgfalt darauf gelegt werden, daß im Inneren des Knochens keineWhen manufacturing the drilling channel 4 in the jawbone 5, great care must be taken to ensure that none inside the bone
Nervenstränge, Arterien, Wurzeln benachbarter Zähne oder HohlräumeNerve strands, arteries, roots of neighboring teeth or cavities
(hiatus maxilaris) angebohrt werden, da dies fatale Folgen für den Patienten hat. Zu diesem Zwecke ist es empfehlenswert, auf das virtuelle Bild des Implantatbereiches eine Röntgenaufnahme kongraent abzubilden. Daher sollte eine Röntgenaimiahme des hnplantatbereiches zusammen mit einem aufgesetztem BolirschablonemoMing gemacht werden, der mindestens einen radioopaken Marker, z.B. in Form einer 3 mm starken Stahlkugel, besitzt. Dieser Marker erlaubt auf dem Büdschirm eine genaue Einstellung der Größenverhältnisse.(hiatus maxilaris), as this has fatal consequences for the patient. For this purpose, it is advisable to map an X-ray image congruently to the virtual image of the implant area. Therefore, an x-ray image of the implant area should be taken together with an attached bolir template, which has at least one radio-opaque marker, e.g. in the form of a 3 mm thick steel ball. This marker allows the exact proportions to be set on the umbrella.
Auf dem Büdschύm kann nun ein Bild erzeugt werden, das schematisch der Fig.3 entspricht.An image can now be generated on the Büdschύm, which corresponds schematically to Figure 3.
Der Zalmtechniker legt nun den zunächst nur virtuell vorhandenen Bohrkanal 4 hinsichtlich Durchmesser und Lage optimal in den Kieferknochen 5, wobei er den Bereich 6, der auf keinen Fall verletzt werden darf, ausspart. Durch Herstellung verschiedener Schnitte auf dem Büdschirm ist dann auch zu erkennen, ob in jedem Bereich genügend Knochenmaterial vorhanden ist, insbesondere, ob die Abstände zum Zahnfleisch auf beiden Seiten des Kieferknochens und zu den gefährlichen Bereichen ausreichend sind. Nachdem die Lage des Bohrkanals entgültig festgelegt ist, wird mittels der CAM-Technüc dieser im Bohrschablonenrohlmg ausgebohrt, wobei der Rohling zweckmäßigerweise auf dem ArbeitsmodeU aufsitzt, sodaß auch im ArbeitsmodeU eine Bohrung erzeugt wird, die genau der späteren Bohrung im Kαeferknochen des Patienten entspricht. Diese Arbeitsweise ermöglicht dann auch das Durchsägen des Arbeitsmodelles im Bereich der Bohrung als letzte Kontrolle.The Zalm technician now optimally places the drill channel 4, which is initially only available virtually, in terms of diameter and position in the jawbone 5, thereby leaving out the area 6, which in no case may be injured. By making various cuts on the umbrella, it can also be seen whether there is enough bone material in each area, in particular, whether the gums on both sides of the jawbone and the dangerous areas are sufficient. After the position of the drilling channel is finally determined, it is drilled out in the drilling template by means of the CAM technique, the blank expediently sitting on the working mode, so that a hole is also created in the working mode that exactly corresponds to the later drilling in the patient's bone. This way of working then enables the sawing through of the working model in the area of the bore as a final check.
Da das Material der Böhrschablone relativ weich ist, wird empfohlen, die Bohrung in der Schablone mit einer MetaUhülse (nicht gezeigt) auszukleiden, damit eine absolut exakte Führung des vom Zahnarzt zu bedienenden Bohrers gewährleistet ist. EbenfaUs kann ein Anschlag (nicht gezeigt) an der . Bohrschablone vorgesehen werden, der auf den Bohrer des Zahnarztes abgestimmt ist und der die Bohrtiefe begrenzt.Since the material of the drilling template is relatively soft, it is recommended to line the hole in the template with a metal sleeve (not shown) so that the drill to be used by the dentist is guided with absolute precision. A stop (not shown) on the . Drilling template can be provided, which is matched to the dentist's drill and which limits the drilling depth.
Mit der erfindungsgemäß hergesteUten Bohrschablone wird folglich auch weniger erfahrenen Zahnärzten ein Hilfsmittel an die Hand gegeben, was der 0 Implanieπmgstechnik zu einen weiteren Durchbruch verhelfen kann.With the drilling template produced according to the invention, less experienced dentists are consequently given an aid, which can help the implantation technique achieve a further breakthrough.
55
DD
0 0

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Bohrschablone zum Implantieren künstlicher Zähne mittels der CAD/CAM-Techmk, wobei die Lage des Bohrkanals (4) anhand einer Abbüdung des Kieferknochens auf einem1. A method for producing a drilling template for implanting artificial teeth by means of CAD / CAM-Techmk, the position of the drilling channel (4) based on a bend of the jawbone on a
Büdschirm festgelegt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß durch Laserabtastung eines ArbeitsmodeUs (1) oder dessen Negativform ein digitales ModeU des Gebisses erzeugt wird, daß entweder durch Angießen an das ArbeitsmodeU (1) einBüdschirm is determined, characterized in that by laser scanning of a ArbeitsmodeUs (1) or its negative form, a digital ModeU of the bit is generated that either by casting on the ArbeitsmodeU (1)
Bohrschablonenrohling (3) erzeugt wird, oder daß mittels der gespeicherten Daten der Bohrschablonenrohling (3) aus dem VoUen gef äst wird, und daß durch Erzeugen mehrere Querschnittsbüder des digitalisierten Kieferknochens (5) die optimale Lage des Bohrkanals (4) festgelegt wird.Drilling template blank (3) is generated, or that the stored template of the drilling template blank (3) is chamfered from the VoUen, and that the optimal position of the drilling channel (4) is determined by generating several cross-section brothers of the digitized jaw bone (5).
2. Verfahrennach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß auf das digitale Modell des Gebisses ein Röntgenbüd des Gebisses kongruent abgebüdet wird.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that an X-ray image of the denture is congruently applied to the digital model of the dentition.
3. Verfahren nach Ansprach 2? dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zur Positionierung der beiden Büder der Bolnschablonemohling (3) mit mindestens einem radioopaken Marker versehen wird.3. Procedure according to speech 2 ? characterized in that for positioning the two brothers the stud template blank (3) is provided with at least one radio-opaque marker.
4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, das der Marker eine Stahlkugel ist. 4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that the marker is a steel ball.
PCT/DE2001/002099 2000-06-14 2001-06-02 Method for producing a boring jig for implanting artificial teeth WO2001095824A1 (en)

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DE10029256.9 2000-06-14
DE2000129256 DE10029256A1 (en) 2000-06-14 2000-06-14 Manufacture of drilling template for implanting artificial teeth involves laser scanning working model or negative shape to produce digital model, making drilling template former

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DE102005040739B4 (en) 2005-08-26 2019-06-06 "Stiftung Caesar" (Center Of Advanced European Studies And Research) drilling template
DE102012003811A1 (en) 2012-02-27 2013-08-29 Peter NEUMEIER Dental method for generating guide path of preparation guide rail, involves determining data set representing ideal taxidermy, guiding cutting tool depending on data set, and determining another data set representing actual denture surface
CN112118800A (en) * 2018-06-22 2020-12-22 希罗纳牙科系统有限公司 Method for constructing a drilling template
CN112089499A (en) * 2020-10-09 2020-12-18 广州黑格智造信息科技有限公司 Impression screening method, manufacturing method of impression screening jig and impression screening jig
CN112089499B (en) * 2020-10-09 2021-07-20 广州黑格智造信息科技有限公司 Impression screening method, manufacturing method of impression screening jig and impression screening jig

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