WO2000012147A1 - Drug delivery device for stent - Google Patents

Drug delivery device for stent Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2000012147A1
WO2000012147A1 PCT/US1999/019697 US9919697W WO0012147A1 WO 2000012147 A1 WO2000012147 A1 WO 2000012147A1 US 9919697 W US9919697 W US 9919697W WO 0012147 A1 WO0012147 A1 WO 0012147A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sheath
stent
drug
drugs
delivery
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1999/019697
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Dachuan Yang
Lixiao Wang
Original Assignee
Scimed Life Systems, Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Scimed Life Systems, Inc. filed Critical Scimed Life Systems, Inc.
Priority to CA002338788A priority Critical patent/CA2338788A1/en
Priority to JP2000567257A priority patent/JP2002523186A/en
Priority to EP99946670A priority patent/EP1119379A1/en
Publication of WO2000012147A1 publication Critical patent/WO2000012147A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61LMETHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L31/00Materials for other surgical articles, e.g. stents, stent-grafts, shunts, surgical drapes, guide wires, materials for adhesion prevention, occluding devices, surgical gloves, tissue fixation devices
    • A61L31/14Materials characterised by their function or physical properties, e.g. injectable or lubricating compositions, shape-memory materials, surface modified materials
    • A61L31/16Biologically active materials, e.g. therapeutic substances
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K47/00Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
    • A61K47/50Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates
    • A61K47/69Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the conjugate being characterised by physical or galenical forms, e.g. emulsion, particle, inclusion complex, stent or kit
    • A61K47/6957Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the conjugate being characterised by physical or galenical forms, e.g. emulsion, particle, inclusion complex, stent or kit the form being a device or a kit, e.g. stents or microdevices
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61LMETHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L31/00Materials for other surgical articles, e.g. stents, stent-grafts, shunts, surgical drapes, guide wires, materials for adhesion prevention, occluding devices, surgical gloves, tissue fixation devices
    • A61L31/08Materials for coatings
    • A61L31/10Macromolecular materials
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/82Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/86Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
    • A61F2/88Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure the wire-like elements formed as helical or spiral coils
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/82Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/92Stents in the form of a rolled-up sheet expanding after insertion into the vessel, e.g. with a spiral shape in cross-section
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2250/00Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
    • A61F2250/0058Additional features; Implant or prostheses properties not otherwise provided for
    • A61F2250/0067Means for introducing or releasing pharmaceutical products into the body
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61LMETHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L2300/00Biologically active materials used in bandages, wound dressings, absorbent pads or medical devices
    • A61L2300/60Biologically active materials used in bandages, wound dressings, absorbent pads or medical devices characterised by a special physical form
    • A61L2300/606Coatings
    • A61L2300/608Coatings having two or more layers

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a device for providing mechanical support to a vessel lumen of a living being. This invention also relates to the delivery of materials which prevent restenosis of a vessel.
  • a variety of medical situations requires the use of a mechanism to expand and support a constricted vessel and to maintain an open passageway through the vessel.
  • a few examples of such situations following angioplasty include holding a dissection in place, preventing closure during spasm, and preventing acute closure due to thrombosis.
  • devices commonly known as stents, are useful to maintain the patency of body passages, to prevent stenosis of a dilated vessel, to eliminate the danger of occlusion caused by "flaps" resulting from intimal tears that may be associated with angioplasty, or to hold two ends of a vessel in place.
  • Stents are generally tubular in configuration, open ended and are expandable between a generally unexpanded insertion diameter and an expanded implantation diameter. Stents are commonly placed or implanted by a mechanical transluminal procedure.
  • U.S. Patent 4,733,665 to Palmaz discloses a number of stent configurations for implantation with the aid of a catheter.
  • U.S. Patent 5,019,090 to Pinchuk discloses a generally cylindrical stent and technique for implanting it using a deflated balloon catheter to position the stent.
  • U.S. Patents 4,503,569 to Dotter and 4,512,338 to Balko et al. disclose a spring stent and a shape memory alloy stent.
  • There are also self- expanding stents such as those described in U.S. Patents 4,732,152 to Wallsten et al. and 4,848,343 to Wallsten et al. All of these patents are hereby incorporated by reference.
  • Stents have been made using materials of varied composition and conformation.
  • McGreevy et al U.S. Patents 4,690,684 and 4,770,176 describe a meltable stent that is inserted into the interior of the ends of a blood vessel during anastomosis.
  • Anastomosis refers to the surgical or physical connection of two tubular structures, such as veins or arteries.
  • the stent is made of blood plasma, which is biologically compatible with the living being and which melts rapidly in response to heat.
  • Fischell et al., in U.S. Patent 4,768,507 describe an intravascular stent which is an unrestrained coil spring having an outside diameter of 2 to 12 millimeters and a length of 5 to 25 millimeters.
  • the materials of construction are stainless steel, and a titanium alloy. Decreased thrombogenicity is achievable by coating the outside of the coil with a non-thrombogenic material such as ULTI carbon.
  • a stent made from wires formed into a cylinder The wires are made of a biocompatible metal.
  • Biocompatible metals include 300 series stainless steels such as 316 LSS, as well as platinum and platinum-iridium alloys, cobalt-chromium alloys such as MP35N, and unalloyed titanium.
  • Wiktor in U.S. Patent 4,886,062 describes a stent made from low memory metal such as a copper alloy, titanium, or gold. The stent is preformed into a two-dimensional zig-zag form creating a flat expandable band.
  • Gianturco in U.S. Patent 4,907,336 describes a wire stent having a cylindrical shape that results from an expandable serpentine configuration.
  • Malleable materials of construction are preferably included from the group of annealed stainless steels, tungsten and platinum.
  • Goldberg et al in Canadian Application 2,025,626, describes a bio-degradable infusion stent used to treat ureteral obstructions.
  • the application describes an extruded material of construction made of epsilon-caprolactone (15-25% w/w of terpolymer composition); glycoside (5-50% w/w) and L(-)lactide (45-85% w/w).
  • This material was described as having a minimum tensile strength of at least 500 pounds per square inch, preferably 650 psi; elongation of greater than 10%, preferably greater than 100%; and Shore A hardness equal to 50-100%, preferably 75-95%.
  • the Goldberg et al patent application describes a method for incorporating radiopaque materials such as barium sulfate into the polymer in amounts ranging from 5-30%.
  • the mechanism of biodegradation is described as hydrolysis resulting in degradable products excreted in urine or reabsorbed into tissues.
  • the duration of functional life of the stent is estimated at about 3-7 weeks.
  • Sigwart Canadian Patent Application 2,008,312 describes a stent made from a malleable flat sheet having a reticulated pattern.
  • the reticulated pattern includes non-deformable squares or diamonds.
  • the stent is made by rolling the sheet and locking the sheet into a spiral having a small diameter.
  • the sheet is locked into a spiral by a tie interwoven into the reticulated pattern. Once inserted into the lumen of a vessel, the spiral is expanded and held in place by flaps integrated into the outer body of the stent.
  • stents which deliver agents or drugs to blood passing through the vein or artery that are generally beneficial to the recipient.
  • stents can deliver drugs or biologically active agents at a controlled rate to blood passing through the vessel lumen as well as to the vessel wall.
  • Silvestrini in U.S. Patent 5,234,456 describes a hydrophilic stent comprising a wall structure where at least a portion thereof is a hollow wall in which a hydrophilic material for drug delivery is placed.
  • U.S. Patent 5,443,458 to Eury et al. is directed to a multilayer laminated resorbable stent having a structural layer and additional layers stated to release drugs at predictable rates.
  • Froix in U.S. 5,258,020 describes a self-restrained stent with an elastic memory, the stent optionally being formulated to provide for drug administration.
  • Restenosis occurs in a number of cases where a stent has been used. Tearing of the wall of the passage or injury of the endothelial cell layer are possible causes of the restenosis.
  • the torn wall or flap usually is the source of the blockage. When the wall is torn, a flap of tissue is created, which falls into the passage and blocks it. It is then necessary to perform another procedure to remove the blockage and generally, another stent is needed to open the vessel or other passage.
  • Metal stents are known to cause 10% to 30% or more restenosis in application.
  • U.S. Patent Application No. 09/072,944 is directed to a stent having at least one smooth end.
  • the stent may include a coating or coatings on one or both end portions to provide a smooth finish to reduce possible damage to body passages when the stent is deployed and delivered.
  • the stent may also contain drugs or surgical adhesives or a combination thereof in or on the coated portion of the stent.
  • the stent may also be of the type where the materials of the stent may be treated to have a smooth flexible end or ends.
  • the stent may also be of a configuration such that at least one end is more flexible than the middle portion of the stent.
  • U.S. Patent Application No. 08/874,190 discloses a polymeric layered stent characterized in that it includes a multilayered material comprised of an inner polymer layer and an overlying outer polymer layer.
  • the self- expanding or balloon expandable stent disclosed therein is provided in two forms, one including inner and outer polymeric layers, and another comprising a prior art stent provided with polymeric layer(s) coated thereon.
  • the device of polymeric material may comprise a sheath or sleeve that is cylindrical, a helical coil, or any other suitable shape or design which fits a particular stent.
  • the stent may be metallic or non-metallic, or alternatively a combination of metallic and non-metallic materials.
  • An example of a preferred stent for use with the device of the present invention is the NIR stent, set forth in U.S. Patent 5,733,303, incorporated herein by reference.
  • the device may be used with a stent as set forth in U.S. Application No.
  • the device may be of a biocompatible material and may be either biodegradable or non-biodegradable.
  • the device may also be water soluble. It may contain pharmaceutical agent(s) or radioactive agent(s).
  • the device is adapted for mounting onto a stent prior to use for insertion into a lumen of a vessel in a living being, and may be expanded with the stent.
  • the device is optionally biodegradable, and may be made from at least one biodegradable material that is also biocompatible and includes a drug which is released into the lumen of the vessel at a rate controlled by the rate of degradation of the biodegradable material.
  • any prior art stent may be improved by providing it with the device of the present invention.
  • the use of this inventive device with an existing stent provides a simple method for reducing restenosis.
  • Figure 1 is an enlarged perspective view of a device according to the present invention.
  • FIGS. 2a and 2b are perspective views of an alternative embodiment of the device of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a perspective view of an alternaive embodiment of the device of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a perspective view of an alternative embodiment of the device of the present invention
  • Figure 5 is a cross section taken along the line 5-5 of Figure 4;
  • Figure 6 is a perspective view of an alternative embodiment of a device according to the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a cross section taken along line 7-7 of Figure 6;
  • Figure 8 is a perspective view of an alternative embodiment of a device according to the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a fragmentary perspective view of the sheath as shown in Figure 8 mounted on a stent;
  • Figure 10 is a fragementary perspective view as in Figure 9 showing the stent and sheath after expansion of the stent;
  • Figure 11 is a fragementary side elevational view with parts broken away of the stent with the sheath of the present invention in an implanted site.
  • the present invention is a polymeric device adapted for mounting onto a stent.
  • the device may be a sheath as shown generally at 10.
  • Sheath 10 has a proximal end 12, a distal end 14, an interior surface 16 and an exterior surface 18.
  • sheath 10 may have a slit 15 therein extending from proximal end 12 to distal end 14.
  • slit 15 is a longitudinal slit 15 a.
  • Figure 2b shows the same sheath in a compressed configuration it may take on prior to being mounted on a stent.
  • slit 15 may be a helical slit 15b, as shown at Figure 3.
  • sheath 10 may be provided with perforations 17 therethrough.
  • sheath 10 may comprise multiple layers, for example as shown in cross section at Figure 5 having two layers.
  • sheath 10 may comprise a plurality of layers.
  • sheath 10 may be shaped like a spring, which spring may optionally be formed from a tubular member, as exemplified by the cross section at Figure 7.
  • FIG. 8 is a perspective view of sheath 10.
  • Stent 20 includes a generally tubular main body 21, a proximal end 22 (not shown in this view), a distal end 24 (not shown in this view), an interior surface 26 and an exterior surface 28.
  • sheath 10 is mounted on stent 20 such that the exterior surface 28 of main body 21 faces the interior surface 16 of sheath 10.
  • sheath 10 is placed on the outer surface 24 of stent 20 prior to implantation thereof.
  • Sheath 10 may be held on stent 20 by any suitable means including compressive force, glue, a protective sheath, socks or the like.
  • the compressive force may be supplied by the sheath itself, the stent or both.
  • the glue is preferably a biocompatible glue such as fibrin, collagen or gelatin. Any appropriate bioadhesive may be used.
  • bioadhesives may be used singly or in combination: cyanoacrylate: ethyl cyanoacrylate, butyl cyanoacrylate, octyl cyanoacrylate, hexyl cyanoacrylate;
  • fibrin glue fibrinogen/thrombin Factor Xlll/calcium as catalyst gelatin-resorcinol-formol (GRF) glue: formed from gelatin, resorcinol and water in the presence of formaldehyde, glutaraldehyde and heat (45°C); mussel adhesive protein, prolamine gel and transforming growth factor beta(TGF-B); polyacrylic acid, modified hydrocellulose, hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium alg
  • a protective sheath may also be used to secure sheath 10 to stent 20.
  • a sheath or sheaths as disclosed in U.S. Application Nos. 08/812,351 and 09/034,434, incorporated herein by reference, may be used, but would be retained over sheath 10 in use.
  • At least one sock covering a portion of sheath 10 over stent 20 may also be used.
  • Such a retaining device as is disclosed in U.S. Application No. 08/917,027, incorporated herein by reference, may be used.
  • One use of the sheath of the present invention is to allow physicians to add it to any stent and delivery system they already have. The sheath may therefore be provided as a stand alone device.
  • Stent 20 with sheath 10 mounted thereto is positioned at the inner surface wall 34 of the vessel 32 by radially compressing the stent with sheath to a tubular diameter less than the diameter of the vessel 32 and moving stent 20 to a desired site within vessel 32.
  • Stent 20 is implanted in the known manner depending upon its type. For example, a self expanding stent would be released from compression so that the stent can radially spring out to abut against the inner surface wall 34 of vessel 32.
  • the stent may also be of the balloon expandable type.
  • sheath 10 is adapted for mounting onto stent 20 and expansion therewith. Figure 10 shows sheath 10 after expansion of stent 20.
  • sheath 10 and stent 20 are shown in an implanted site, in the lumen 30 of a tubular vessel 32 in a body.
  • the exterior surface 18 of sheath 10 faces an inner surface wall 34 of the vessel 32.
  • Stent 20 provides mechanical support to tubular vessel 32 in a living being.
  • the stent strengthens the area of vessel 32 in which it is implanted.
  • Sheath 10 releases a pharmaceutical agent or radioactive agent into lumen 30 of tubular vessel 32. The rate of release may vary.
  • the present invention may be used with any stent. Such a stent may range from 1 millimeter in diameter to 50 millimeters in diameter and from 1 millimeter in length to 50 millimeters in length.
  • the size of the stent is dictated by the lumen of the vessel to which the stent is placed.
  • Tubular main body 21 suitably has a length of up to approximately 5 centimeters.
  • Sheath 10 may be of any size suitable for use with a stent being implanted.
  • hydrophilic polymers such as poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate) and derivatives; poly(vinyl alcohol); polyethylene oxide; poly ropylene oxide); polyacrylamides; polyacrylic acid; polymethacrylic acid; poly(N-vinyl-2- pyrollidone); hydrophilic polyurethanes; poly(amino acid); water soluble cellulosic polymers (sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxy ethyl cellulose, for example); collagens; carrageenan; alginate; starch; dextrin; and gelatins.
  • hydrophilic polymers including poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate) and derivatives; poly(vinyl alcohol); polyethylene oxide; poly ropylene oxide); polyacrylamides; polyacrylic acid; polymethacrylic acid; poly(N-vinyl-2- pyrollidone); hydrophilic polyurethanes; poly(amino acid); water soluble cellulosic polymers (sodium carboxymethyl
  • the device of the present invention may be made of biodegradable polymers including poly(lactide); poly(glycolide); polydioxanone(PDS); polycaprolactone; polyhydroxybutyrate(PHBT); poly(phosphazene); poly(phosphate ester); poly(lactide-co- glycolide); poly(glycolide-co-trimethylene carbonate); poly(glycolide-co-caprolactone); polyanhydrides; collagen or other connective proteins or natural materials, hyaluronic acid, adhesive proteins, co-polymers of these materials as well as composites or combinations thereof and combinations of other biodegradable polymers.
  • biodegradable polymers including poly(lactide); poly(glycolide); polydioxanone(PDS); polycaprolactone; polyhydroxybutyrate(PHBT); poly(phosphazene); poly(phosphate ester); poly(lactide-co- glycolide); poly(glycolide-co-trimethylene carbonate
  • the device of the present invention may be made of biodegradable materials that are also biocompatible.
  • biodegradable is meant that a material will undergo breakdown or decomposition into harmless compounds as part of a normal biological process.
  • the device may also include bioactive agents which permit endothelial cells to grow on the device and the stent. It is believed that the endothelial cell growth will encapsulate particles of the stent during biodegradation that would otherwise come loose and form emboli in the blood stream.
  • Suitable biodegradable materials for the device of the present invention include polylactic acid, polyglycolic acid, collagen or other connective proteins or natural materials, polycaprolactone, hyaluronic acid, adhesive proteins, co-polymers of these materials as well as composites and combinations thereof, and combinations of other biodegradable polymers.
  • Biodegradable glass or bioactive glass is also a suitable biodegradable material for use in the present invention. Preferably the materials have been accepted by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.
  • Biodegradable materials degrade at different rates, ranging from days or weeks to several years. Consequently, the presence of different biodegradable materials in the stent permits the sheath to degrade in a predictable manner.
  • the device may further be coated with a biodegradable film layer.
  • sheath 10 is of a biodegradable material
  • the rate of release of the pharmaceutical agent or radioactive agent will be controlled by the rate of degradation of the biodegradable materials.
  • the device of the present invention may be made of nonbiodegradable biocompatible materials such as polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE); polyurethanes; polyamides; polyesters; polyethers; polyketones; polyether ester elastomers; polyether amide elastomers; polyacrylate-based elastomers; polyethylene; and polypropylene.
  • PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
  • the sheath of the present invention includes pharmaceutical agent(s) and/or radioactive agent(s) or other biologically active materials.
  • these drugs, pharmaceutical agents, radioactive agents or biologically active materials are contained within the biodegradable materials of which the stent is composed.
  • drugs are released into the surrounding tissue or to the bloodstream.
  • the rate of drug release is controlled by the rate of degradation of the biodegradable materials.
  • a material that degrades rapidly will release the drug faster than a material that degrades slowly.
  • Drugs are incorporated into the biodegradable sheath using techniques known in the art. The techniques include simple mixing or solubilizing with polymer solutions, dispersing into the biodegradable polymer during the formation of the sheath, or coating onto an already formed sheath.
  • drugs can be incorporated into the film by methods such as melting or solvation.
  • biologically active agents are incorporated into the film layer by entrapment between such layer and the surface of biodegradable material sandwiched together, thereby further promoting release of the drugs or agents in a controllable manner.
  • the drugs or other biologically active materials incorporated into the sheath of the present invention perform a variety of functions.
  • the functions include but are not limited to an anti-clotting or anti-platelet function and preventing smooth muscle cell growth on the inner surface of the vessel to reduce the chance of in-stent restenosis.
  • the drugs include but are not limited to drugs that inhibit or control the formation of thrombus or thrombolytics such as heparin or heparin fragments, aspirin, coumadin, tissue plasminogen activator (TPA), urokinase, hirudin, and streptokinase, antiproliferatives (methotrexate, cisplatin, 5-fluorouracil, Taxol, Adriamycin, and the like) antioxidants (ascorbic acid, carotene, B, vitamin E, and the like), antimetabolites, thromboxane inhibitors, non-steroidal and steroidal antiinflammatory drugs, Beta and Calcium channel blockers, genetic materials including DNA and RNA fragments, and complete expression genes, carbohydrates, and proteins including but not limited to antibodies (monoclonal and polyclonal) lymphokines and growth factors, prostaglandins, and leukotrienes.
  • the sheath material may also incorporate bioactive materials such as fibronectin, la
  • a poly-L-lactide having an intrinsic viscosity of 2.3 dl g is used to form monofilament fibers using a spin or melt spinning process. Five percent aspirin or 5% heparin was incorporated into the melt of the poly-L-lactide prior to fiber formation. The fibers formed had a diameter of approximately 0.5 millimeters. The monofilaments were then stretched under temperatures ranging from 50° C to 200° C to orient the fiber. The temperature employed depends upon the kind of material used to make the fiber. The final diameter of the oriented fiber falls within a range of 0.1 to 0.3 millimeters.
  • the device of the present invention may also include bioadhesives to be delivered to the site where the stent is needed. It is known that bioadhesives can be used to repair tissue walls. It is therefore desirable to utilize a polymer to deliver a bioadhesive to the stent implantation location. In this manner, a potential problem could be averted by the presence of the bioadhesive in the case of a tear or dissection.
  • biodegradable materials facilitates a controlled degradation of a biodegradable sheath according to the present invention
  • incorporation of a variety of drugs into the biodegradable materials facilitate control of drug release to perform a variety of functions.
  • drugs released from the outer surface as the outer surface degrades facilitate adherence of the sheath to the inner surface wall 34 of the vessel 32.
  • Drugs released from fibers perform a variety of functions, ranging from promoting cell growth to altering the blood clotting mechanisms, depending upon what drug released.
  • drugs released from the sheath as it degrades may temper platelet function in blood flowing through lumen .
  • the device of the present invention may also be used as a drug delivery system to prevent restenosis or for other treatment.
  • the drugs may include radioactive materials to irradiate and prohibit smooth muscle cell growth. Angioplasty and stent deployment may cause injury of the endothelial cell layer of blood vessels, causing smooth muscle cell proliferation, leading to restenosis. By accelerated endothelialization on the inner wall surface of vessels will prevent or prohibit the smooth muscle growth.
  • specific growth factors may be included and delivered. Growth factors include vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), transforming growth factor beta (TGF ⁇ ), insulin growth factor-1 (IGF-1), platelet derived growth factor (PDGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), etc. All such materials are referred to herein generally as "drugs" or therapeutics.
  • These drugs may be dispersed in the matrix of the polymeric material.
  • a gel-like material may be used.
  • the sleeve may be comprised of such a material, or it may be applied over the sleeve as a coating.
  • drugs there are several ways to apply drugs to such materials. The first way is to mix the drug with the materials, then form a sleeve therefrom. Alternatively the mixture may coated onto a sleeve.
  • the gel-like materials can be cast as film or sheet with drug together, then formed into a sleeve or laminated to a sleeve. Another way is to form a sleeve from a gel-like material without a drug, or to coat or laminate a polymeric sleeve with a gel-like material without the drug.
  • the sleeve is made, and then sterilized. Due to the gel-like nature, the sleeve can then be inserted into a drug solution. The drug will be absorbed into/onto the gel. The resulting drug-carrying sleeve can then be mounted to a stent and delivered into the body. The drug will then be released.
  • the sleeve may be made of polyethylene oxide containing Taxol or coated with such a material.
  • Other materials that may be used are copolymers such as PGA/PLA, PEO/PLA or the like containing a drug such as Taxol or heparin.
  • Preferred gel- like materials for use as a drug delivery sleeve or coating for a stent when drug delivery is desired are polyethylene oxide, polyvinyl pyrollidone, polyacrylates, and their blends or copolymers or lightly cross linked forms.
  • Polyethylene glycol block copolymer with polylactides or other polyesters are examples.
  • Hydrophilic polyurethane, poly(maleic anhydride-alt-ethylene) and their derivatives are examples.
  • Other materials are polysaccharides and their derivatives.
  • the drugs can be an anticoagulant, e.g. aspirin, ticlopidine, an RGD peptide-containing compound, heparin, antithrombin compounds, platelet receptor antagonists, antibodies, urokinase, prostaglandin inhibitors, platelet inhibitors, or antiplatelet peptide.
  • the drug can be an inhibitor of vascular cell growth, DNA, RNA, cholesterol-lowering agents, vasodilating agents.
  • the drug can be any drug such as Taxol, 5-fluorouracil, Beta-Estradiol, Tranilast, Trapidil, Probucol, Angiopeptin or any combination of them.
  • the sleeve can have multiple layers of different polymers with the same or different drugs.
  • the sleeve can have two layers of the same polymer with one layer with drug and another layer without drugs.
  • the sleeve may have two layers of the same polymer with two different drugs as another example.
  • various combinations of a cycling sinase inhibitor identified as p21 and the vascular endothelial growth factor identified as VEGF, an endothelial nitrogen may preferably be included in and dispensed from the sleeve or coating provided thereon.
  • Incorporation of drugs and growth factors into the sleeve material or coating thereof can also be performed by several other methods, including the solvent method, melting method, soaking method and spraying method. If both polymer and drug have a cosolvent, a solution case will be an easy way to provide the polymer matrix loaded with the drug or growth factor. If the polymer can be melted at low temperature and the drug or growth factor tolerates heating, a melting method can be used to mix the drug or growth factor into the polymer matrix. Also, a polymer-drug solution or suspension solution can be used for coating to provide a layer containing the drug or growth factor.
  • the sleeve may be coated with a film of bioadhesive.
  • Bioadhesives glue the tissue together.
  • Using a bioadhesive for the coating serves two purposes. If a tear has occurred prior to or during delivery of the stent on which the sleeve is mounted, the tissue can be repaired. In this manner, blood flow will be maintained in a vessel, for example.
  • the bioadhesive may or may not also have drugs loaded for delivery. Dissection, cutting or tearing occurs in some stent delivery and PTCA procedures.
  • Bioadhesives or surgical adhesives may be used to repair the passage wall. However, these tears or cuts are not necessarily discovered immediately. In those cases, a further medical procedure must be undertaken to repair the wall.
  • a bioadhesive is included as a coating on the sleeve mounted to the stent which is deployed in place, as the bioadhesive will repair damage to the vessel wall.
  • the bioadhesive is chosen as the coating for the sleeve, or is used in addition to a coating on the sleeve and is applied in a known manner to the sleeve.
  • the end or edge, side, outside and/or inside of the sleeve may utilize the bioadhesive.
  • bioadhesives may be used singly or in combination: cyanoacrylate: ethyl cyanoacrylate, butyl cyanoacrylate, octyl cyanoacrylate, hexyl cyanoacrylate; fibrin glue: fibrinogen/thrombin/Factor Xlll/calcium as catalyst gelatin-resorcinol-formol (GRF) glue: formed from gelatin, resorcinol and water in the presence of formaldehyde, glutaraldehyde and heat (45 °C); mussel adhesive protein, prolamine gel and transforming growth factor beta(TGF-B); polyacrylic acid, modified hydrocellulose, hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium alginate, gelatin, pectin, polyvinylpylindone, polyethylene glycol, aldehyde relative multifunctional chemicals, polyallylsacc
  • Suitable materials for the device of the present invention and suitable drugs to be delivered thereby are also set forth in U.S. Application No. 08/874,190.

Abstract

A device adapted for mounting on a stent, the device comprising a sheath being made of polymeric material that includes drugs such as pharmaceutical agent(s) or radioactive agent(s) for delivery to an implant site. The sheath includes a main body of a generally tubular shape, and may include mounting means for attaching same to the stent. The device may have a slit therein, and may comprise a helical coil, a cylinder or any other suitable shape or design which fits a particular stent. The sheath may include a coating or coatings thereon containing drugs, surgical adhesives or a combination thereof.

Description

DRUG DELIVERYDEVICE FORSTENT
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to a device for providing mechanical support to a vessel lumen of a living being. This invention also relates to the delivery of materials which prevent restenosis of a vessel.
A variety of medical situations requires the use of a mechanism to expand and support a constricted vessel and to maintain an open passageway through the vessel. A few examples of such situations following angioplasty include holding a dissection in place, preventing closure during spasm, and preventing acute closure due to thrombosis. In these situations, devices, commonly known as stents, are useful to maintain the patency of body passages, to prevent stenosis of a dilated vessel, to eliminate the danger of occlusion caused by "flaps" resulting from intimal tears that may be associated with angioplasty, or to hold two ends of a vessel in place.
Stents are generally tubular in configuration, open ended and are expandable between a generally unexpanded insertion diameter and an expanded implantation diameter. Stents are commonly placed or implanted by a mechanical transluminal procedure.
Specifically, U.S. Patent 4,733,665 to Palmaz discloses a number of stent configurations for implantation with the aid of a catheter. U.S. Patent 5,019,090 to Pinchuk discloses a generally cylindrical stent and technique for implanting it using a deflated balloon catheter to position the stent. U.S. Patents 4,503,569 to Dotter and 4,512,338 to Balko et al. disclose a spring stent and a shape memory alloy stent. There are also self- expanding stents such as those described in U.S. Patents 4,732,152 to Wallsten et al. and 4,848,343 to Wallsten et al. All of these patents are hereby incorporated by reference.
Stents have been made using materials of varied composition and conformation. McGreevy et al U.S. Patents 4,690,684 and 4,770,176 describe a meltable stent that is inserted into the interior of the ends of a blood vessel during anastomosis. Anastomosis refers to the surgical or physical connection of two tubular structures, such as veins or arteries. The stent is made of blood plasma, which is biologically compatible with the living being and which melts rapidly in response to heat. Fischell et al., in U.S. Patent 4,768,507 describe an intravascular stent which is an unrestrained coil spring having an outside diameter of 2 to 12 millimeters and a length of 5 to 25 millimeters. The materials of construction are stainless steel, and a titanium alloy. Decreased thrombogenicity is achievable by coating the outside of the coil with a non-thrombogenic material such as ULTI carbon.
Leeven et al., in U.S. Patent 4,820,298 describe a stent having a flexible tubular body made from a thermal plastic to the form of a helix. Polyester and polycarbonate copolymers are selected as particularly desirable materials.
Wolff et al., in U.S. Patent 4,830,003 describe a stent made from wires formed into a cylinder. The wires are made of a biocompatible metal. Biocompatible metals include 300 series stainless steels such as 316 LSS, as well as platinum and platinum-iridium alloys, cobalt-chromium alloys such as MP35N, and unalloyed titanium. Wiktor in U.S. Patent 4,886,062 describes a stent made from low memory metal such as a copper alloy, titanium, or gold. The stent is preformed into a two-dimensional zig-zag form creating a flat expandable band.
Gianturco in U.S. Patent 4,907,336 describes a wire stent having a cylindrical shape that results from an expandable serpentine configuration. Malleable materials of construction are preferably included from the group of annealed stainless steels, tungsten and platinum.
Goldberg et al, in Canadian Application 2,025,626, describes a bio-degradable infusion stent used to treat ureteral obstructions. The application describes an extruded material of construction made of epsilon-caprolactone (15-25% w/w of terpolymer composition); glycoside (5-50% w/w) and L(-)lactide (45-85% w/w). This material was described as having a minimum tensile strength of at least 500 pounds per square inch, preferably 650 psi; elongation of greater than 10%, preferably greater than 100%; and Shore A hardness equal to 50-100%, preferably 75-95%. The Goldberg et al patent application describes a method for incorporating radiopaque materials such as barium sulfate into the polymer in amounts ranging from 5-30%. The mechanism of biodegradation is described as hydrolysis resulting in degradable products excreted in urine or reabsorbed into tissues. The duration of functional life of the stent is estimated at about 3-7 weeks.
Wilcoff in U.S. Patent 4,990,155 describes a plastic stent having an inherently expandable coil conformation. The "inherency" results from an elastic memory conferred by electron beam radiation imparting cross-linkages that provide an inherent tendency to return to a given diameter after any distortion. Materials of construction include high density polyethylene. Optionally, this material is compounded with an anti-coagulant and/or an x-ray opaque material such as bismuth-sub-carbonate.
Sigwart, Canadian Patent Application 2,008,312, describes a stent made from a malleable flat sheet having a reticulated pattern. The reticulated pattern includes non-deformable squares or diamonds. The stent is made by rolling the sheet and locking the sheet into a spiral having a small diameter. The sheet is locked into a spiral by a tie interwoven into the reticulated pattern. Once inserted into the lumen of a vessel, the spiral is expanded and held in place by flaps integrated into the outer body of the stent.
Shockley et al., in U.S. Patent 4,994,033, describe a drug delivery dilatation catheter having three flexible, plastic tubes concentrically arranged relative to each other. The outermost sleeve of this catheter contains microholes for drug delivery. These microholes are made with a laser beam. Drugs that can be delivered by this system include aspirin, persantin, heparin, and prostaglandins. Drugs are delivered when externally applied pressure causes the innermost sleeve to balloon out. The drug is then forced through the microholes to spray and to treat a lesion.
There are also stents which deliver agents or drugs to blood passing through the vein or artery that are generally beneficial to the recipient. In addition, stents can deliver drugs or biologically active agents at a controlled rate to blood passing through the vessel lumen as well as to the vessel wall. Silvestrini in U.S. Patent 5,234,456 describes a hydrophilic stent comprising a wall structure where at least a portion thereof is a hollow wall in which a hydrophilic material for drug delivery is placed. U.S. Patent 5,443,458 to Eury et al., is directed to a multilayer laminated resorbable stent having a structural layer and additional layers stated to release drugs at predictable rates. Froix in U.S. 5,258,020 describes a self-restrained stent with an elastic memory, the stent optionally being formulated to provide for drug administration.
It is known that when stents are expanded to their implantation diameter the ends of the stent may press into the vessel or cavity walls, especially the distal end of the stent. The sharp or pointed edges and ends of some stents may then damage the walls. Once damage has occurred, there is a likelihood that restenosis will occur at these points where the stents ends and edges have penetrated or pressed against the walls.
Restenosis occurs in a number of cases where a stent has been used. Tearing of the wall of the passage or injury of the endothelial cell layer are possible causes of the restenosis. The torn wall or flap usually is the source of the blockage. When the wall is torn, a flap of tissue is created, which falls into the passage and blocks it. It is then necessary to perform another procedure to remove the blockage and generally, another stent is needed to open the vessel or other passage. Metal stents are known to cause 10% to 30% or more restenosis in application.
Therefore, it desirable to utilize a stent which reduces the chances of a damaged vessel wall or body passage which leads to further problems and further necessary procedures. However, current stents are not designed to reduce the occurrence of cutting of vascular passages or the like. U.S. Patent Application No. 09/072,944, incorporated herein by reference, is directed to a stent having at least one smooth end. The stent may include a coating or coatings on one or both end portions to provide a smooth finish to reduce possible damage to body passages when the stent is deployed and delivered. The stent may also contain drugs or surgical adhesives or a combination thereof in or on the coated portion of the stent. The stent may also be of the type where the materials of the stent may be treated to have a smooth flexible end or ends. The stent may also be of a configuration such that at least one end is more flexible than the middle portion of the stent.
U.S. Patent Application No. 08/874,190, incorporated herein by reference, discloses a polymeric layered stent characterized in that it includes a multilayered material comprised of an inner polymer layer and an overlying outer polymer layer. The self- expanding or balloon expandable stent disclosed therein is provided in two forms, one including inner and outer polymeric layers, and another comprising a prior art stent provided with polymeric layer(s) coated thereon.
While U.S. Applications 09/072,944 and 08/874,190 are directed in part to this need, there still exists a need for a means for delivering drugs or biologically active agents which assist in preventing restenosis, which can be easily mounted on an existing stent prior to implantation.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention is to provide a polymeric device adapted for mounting onto a stent. The device of polymeric material may comprise a sheath or sleeve that is cylindrical, a helical coil, or any other suitable shape or design which fits a particular stent. The stent may be metallic or non-metallic, or alternatively a combination of metallic and non-metallic materials. An example of a preferred stent for use with the device of the present invention is the NIR stent, set forth in U.S. Patent 5,733,303, incorporated herein by reference. In addition, the device may be used with a stent as set forth in U.S. Application No. 08/874,190, incorporated herein by reference. The device may be of a biocompatible material and may be either biodegradable or non-biodegradable. The device may also be water soluble. It may contain pharmaceutical agent(s) or radioactive agent(s). The device is adapted for mounting onto a stent prior to use for insertion into a lumen of a vessel in a living being, and may be expanded with the stent. The device is optionally biodegradable, and may be made from at least one biodegradable material that is also biocompatible and includes a drug which is released into the lumen of the vessel at a rate controlled by the rate of degradation of the biodegradable material.
Generally, any prior art stent may be improved by providing it with the device of the present invention. The use of this inventive device with an existing stent provides a simple method for reducing restenosis.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 is an enlarged perspective view of a device according to the present invention;
Figures 2a and 2b are perspective views of an alternative embodiment of the device of the present invention;
Figure 3 is a perspective view of an alternaive embodiment of the device of the present invention;
Figure 4 is a perspective view of an alternative embodiment of the device of the present invention; Figure 5 is a cross section taken along the line 5-5 of Figure 4;
Figure 6 is a perspective view of an alternative embodiment of a device according to the present invention;
Figure 7 is a cross section taken along line 7-7 of Figure 6; Figure 8 is a perspective view of an alternative embodiment of a device according to the present invention;
Figure 9 is a fragmentary perspective view of the sheath as shown in Figure 8 mounted on a stent; Figure 10 is a fragementary perspective view as in Figure 9 showing the stent and sheath after expansion of the stent; and
Figure 11 is a fragementary side elevational view with parts broken away of the stent with the sheath of the present invention in an implanted site. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
The present invention is a polymeric device adapted for mounting onto a stent. Referring to Figures 1-4, the device may be a sheath as shown generally at 10. Sheath 10 has a proximal end 12, a distal end 14, an interior surface 16 and an exterior surface 18. As shown at Figures 2a, 2b and 3, sheath 10 may have a slit 15 therein extending from proximal end 12 to distal end 14. As shown at Figure 2a, slit 15 is a longitudinal slit 15 a. Figure 2b shows the same sheath in a compressed configuration it may take on prior to being mounted on a stent. Alternatively, slit 15 may be a helical slit 15b, as shown at Figure 3. Referring to Figure 4, sheath 10 may be provided with perforations 17 therethrough. In addition, sheath 10 may comprise multiple layers, for example as shown in cross section at Figure 5 having two layers. Alternatively, sheath 10 may comprise a plurality of layers. Referring to Figures 6-7, sheath 10 may be shaped like a spring, which spring may optionally be formed from a tubular member, as exemplified by the cross section at Figure 7.
Referring now to Figures 8-10, a sheath comprising a helical coil is shown. Figure 8 is a perspective view of sheath 10. At Figure 9, a partial section view of sheath 10 mounted on a stent 20 is shown prior to implantation and expansion. Stent 20 includes a generally tubular main body 21, a proximal end 22 (not shown in this view), a distal end 24 (not shown in this view), an interior surface 26 and an exterior surface 28. Prior to implantation, sheath 10 is mounted on stent 20 such that the exterior surface 28 of main body 21 faces the interior surface 16 of sheath 10.
In use, sheath 10 is placed on the outer surface 24 of stent 20 prior to implantation thereof. Sheath 10 may be held on stent 20 by any suitable means including compressive force, glue, a protective sheath, socks or the like.
The compressive force may be supplied by the sheath itself, the stent or both. The glue is preferably a biocompatible glue such as fibrin, collagen or gelatin. Any appropriate bioadhesive may be used. For example, the following bioadhesives may be used singly or in combination: cyanoacrylate: ethyl cyanoacrylate, butyl cyanoacrylate, octyl cyanoacrylate, hexyl cyanoacrylate; fibrin glue: fibrinogen/thrombin Factor Xlll/calcium as catalyst gelatin-resorcinol-formol (GRF) glue: formed from gelatin, resorcinol and water in the presence of formaldehyde, glutaraldehyde and heat (45°C); mussel adhesive protein, prolamine gel and transforming growth factor beta(TGF-B); polyacrylic acid, modified hydrocellulose, hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium alginate, gelatin, pectin, polyvinylpylindone, polyethylene glycol, aldehyde relative multifunctional chemicals, polyallylsaccharose, and polypeptides.
A protective sheath may also be used to secure sheath 10 to stent 20. A sheath or sheaths as disclosed in U.S. Application Nos. 08/812,351 and 09/034,434, incorporated herein by reference, may be used, but would be retained over sheath 10 in use.
At least one sock covering a portion of sheath 10 over stent 20 may also be used. Such a retaining device as is disclosed in U.S. Application No. 08/917,027, incorporated herein by reference, may be used. One use of the sheath of the present invention is to allow physicians to add it to any stent and delivery system they already have. The sheath may therefore be provided as a stand alone device.
Stent 20 with sheath 10 mounted thereto is positioned at the inner surface wall 34 of the vessel 32 by radially compressing the stent with sheath to a tubular diameter less than the diameter of the vessel 32 and moving stent 20 to a desired site within vessel 32. Stent 20 is implanted in the known manner depending upon its type. For example, a self expanding stent would be released from compression so that the stent can radially spring out to abut against the inner surface wall 34 of vessel 32. The stent may also be of the balloon expandable type. In any case, sheath 10 is adapted for mounting onto stent 20 and expansion therewith. Figure 10 shows sheath 10 after expansion of stent 20.
At Figure 11, sheath 10 and stent 20 are shown in an implanted site, in the lumen 30 of a tubular vessel 32 in a body. Upon implantation, the exterior surface 18 of sheath 10 faces an inner surface wall 34 of the vessel 32. Stent 20 provides mechanical support to tubular vessel 32 in a living being. The stent strengthens the area of vessel 32 in which it is implanted. Sheath 10 releases a pharmaceutical agent or radioactive agent into lumen 30 of tubular vessel 32. The rate of release may vary. The present invention may be used with any stent. Such a stent may range from 1 millimeter in diameter to 50 millimeters in diameter and from 1 millimeter in length to 50 millimeters in length. The size of the stent is dictated by the lumen of the vessel to which the stent is placed. Tubular main body 21 suitably has a length of up to approximately 5 centimeters. Sheath 10 may be of any size suitable for use with a stent being implanted.
Many suitable materials may be used to form the sheath 10 of the present invention. For example, hydrophilic polymers, copolymers (block or graft) or their cross- linked versions (e.g. hydrogels), may be used, the polymers including poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate) and derivatives; poly(vinyl alcohol); polyethylene oxide; poly ropylene oxide); polyacrylamides; polyacrylic acid; polymethacrylic acid; poly(N-vinyl-2- pyrollidone); hydrophilic polyurethanes; poly(amino acid); water soluble cellulosic polymers (sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxy ethyl cellulose, for example); collagens; carrageenan; alginate; starch; dextrin; and gelatins.
The device of the present invention may be made of biodegradable polymers including poly(lactide); poly(glycolide); polydioxanone(PDS); polycaprolactone; polyhydroxybutyrate(PHBT); poly(phosphazene); poly(phosphate ester); poly(lactide-co- glycolide); poly(glycolide-co-trimethylene carbonate); poly(glycolide-co-caprolactone); polyanhydrides; collagen or other connective proteins or natural materials, hyaluronic acid, adhesive proteins, co-polymers of these materials as well as composites or combinations thereof and combinations of other biodegradable polymers.
In addition, the device of the present invention may be made of biodegradable materials that are also biocompatible. By biodegradable is meant that a material will undergo breakdown or decomposition into harmless compounds as part of a normal biological process. The device may also include bioactive agents which permit endothelial cells to grow on the device and the stent. It is believed that the endothelial cell growth will encapsulate particles of the stent during biodegradation that would otherwise come loose and form emboli in the blood stream. Suitable biodegradable materials for the device of the present invention include polylactic acid, polyglycolic acid, collagen or other connective proteins or natural materials, polycaprolactone, hyaluronic acid, adhesive proteins, co-polymers of these materials as well as composites and combinations thereof, and combinations of other biodegradable polymers. Biodegradable glass or bioactive glass is also a suitable biodegradable material for use in the present invention. Preferably the materials have been accepted by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.
One advantage of using a variety of biodegradable materials within the sheath is control of degradation. Biodegradable materials degrade at different rates, ranging from days or weeks to several years. Consequently, the presence of different biodegradable materials in the stent permits the sheath to degrade in a predictable manner. The device may further be coated with a biodegradable film layer.
Where sheath 10 is of a biodegradable material, the rate of release of the pharmaceutical agent or radioactive agent will be controlled by the rate of degradation of the biodegradable materials.
Further, the device of the present invention may be made of nonbiodegradable biocompatible materials such as polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE); polyurethanes; polyamides; polyesters; polyethers; polyketones; polyether ester elastomers; polyether amide elastomers; polyacrylate-based elastomers; polyethylene; and polypropylene.
These lists are exemplary only. Any appropriate material may be used.
The sheath of the present invention includes pharmaceutical agent(s) and/or radioactive agent(s) or other biologically active materials. Where the sheath is biodegradable, these drugs, pharmaceutical agents, radioactive agents or biologically active materials are contained within the biodegradable materials of which the stent is composed. As the sheath biodegrades, drugs are released into the surrounding tissue or to the bloodstream. Thus, the rate of drug release is controlled by the rate of degradation of the biodegradable materials. A material that degrades rapidly will release the drug faster than a material that degrades slowly. Drugs are incorporated into the biodegradable sheath using techniques known in the art. The techniques include simple mixing or solubilizing with polymer solutions, dispersing into the biodegradable polymer during the formation of the sheath, or coating onto an already formed sheath.
Where the sheath has a film added thereto, drugs can be incorporated into the film by methods such as melting or solvation. Alternatively, biologically active agents are incorporated into the film layer by entrapment between such layer and the surface of biodegradable material sandwiched together, thereby further promoting release of the drugs or agents in a controllable manner.
The drugs or other biologically active materials incorporated into the sheath of the present invention perform a variety of functions. The functions include but are not limited to an anti-clotting or anti-platelet function and preventing smooth muscle cell growth on the inner surface of the vessel to reduce the chance of in-stent restenosis. The drugs include but are not limited to drugs that inhibit or control the formation of thrombus or thrombolytics such as heparin or heparin fragments, aspirin, coumadin, tissue plasminogen activator (TPA), urokinase, hirudin, and streptokinase, antiproliferatives (methotrexate, cisplatin, 5-fluorouracil, Taxol, Adriamycin, and the like) antioxidants (ascorbic acid, carotene, B, vitamin E, and the like), antimetabolites, thromboxane inhibitors, non-steroidal and steroidal antiinflammatory drugs, Beta and Calcium channel blockers, genetic materials including DNA and RNA fragments, and complete expression genes, carbohydrates, and proteins including but not limited to antibodies (monoclonal and polyclonal) lymphokines and growth factors, prostaglandins, and leukotrienes. The sheath material may also incorporate bioactive materials such as fibronectin, laminin, elastin, collagen, and intergrins. Fibronectin, for example, promotes adherence of the sheath to the tissue of the vessel 32.
In one specific example of a biodegradable material incorporating drugs, a poly-L-lactide having an intrinsic viscosity of 2.3 dl g is used to form monofilament fibers using a spin or melt spinning process. Five percent aspirin or 5% heparin was incorporated into the melt of the poly-L-lactide prior to fiber formation. The fibers formed had a diameter of approximately 0.5 millimeters. The monofilaments were then stretched under temperatures ranging from 50° C to 200° C to orient the fiber. The temperature employed depends upon the kind of material used to make the fiber. The final diameter of the oriented fiber falls within a range of 0.1 to 0.3 millimeters. Similar processing was used to incorporate 5% aspirin or 5% heparin into poly-L-lactide and polyglycolide. The device of the present invention may also include bioadhesives to be delivered to the site where the stent is needed. It is known that bioadhesives can be used to repair tissue walls. It is therefore desirable to utilize a polymer to deliver a bioadhesive to the stent implantation location. In this manner, a potential problem could be averted by the presence of the bioadhesive in the case of a tear or dissection.
Just as the use of a variety of biodegradable materials facilitates a controlled degradation of a biodegradable sheath according to the present invention, so similarly does the incorporation of a variety of drugs into the biodegradable materials facilitate control of drug release to perform a variety of functions. For instance, drugs released from the outer surface as the outer surface degrades facilitate adherence of the sheath to the inner surface wall 34 of the vessel 32. Drugs released from fibers perform a variety of functions, ranging from promoting cell growth to altering the blood clotting mechanisms, depending upon what drug released. In one embodiment, drugs released from the sheath as it degrades may temper platelet function in blood flowing through lumen . The device of the present invention may also be used as a drug delivery system to prevent restenosis or for other treatment. The drugs may include radioactive materials to irradiate and prohibit smooth muscle cell growth. Angioplasty and stent deployment may cause injury of the endothelial cell layer of blood vessels, causing smooth muscle cell proliferation, leading to restenosis. By accelerated endothelialization on the inner wall surface of vessels will prevent or prohibit the smooth muscle growth. To stimulate endothelialization without provoking smooth muscle cell proliferation, specific growth factors may be included and delivered. Growth factors include vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ), insulin growth factor-1 (IGF-1), platelet derived growth factor (PDGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), etc. All such materials are referred to herein generally as "drugs" or therapeutics.
These drugs may be dispersed in the matrix of the polymeric material.
For carrying drugs, a gel-like material may be used. The sleeve may be comprised of such a material, or it may be applied over the sleeve as a coating. There are several ways to apply drugs to such materials. The first way is to mix the drug with the materials, then form a sleeve therefrom. Alternatively the mixture may coated onto a sleeve. The gel-like materials can be cast as film or sheet with drug together, then formed into a sleeve or laminated to a sleeve. Another way is to form a sleeve from a gel-like material without a drug, or to coat or laminate a polymeric sleeve with a gel-like material without the drug. The sleeve is made, and then sterilized. Due to the gel-like nature, the sleeve can then be inserted into a drug solution. The drug will be absorbed into/onto the gel. The resulting drug-carrying sleeve can then be mounted to a stent and delivered into the body. The drug will then be released.
In one embodiment of the invention, the sleeve may be made of polyethylene oxide containing Taxol or coated with such a material. Other materials that may be used are copolymers such as PGA/PLA, PEO/PLA or the like containing a drug such as Taxol or heparin.
Preferred gel- like materials for use as a drug delivery sleeve or coating for a stent when drug delivery is desired are polyethylene oxide, polyvinyl pyrollidone, polyacrylates, and their blends or copolymers or lightly cross linked forms. Polyethylene glycol block copolymer with polylactides or other polyesters are examples. Hydrophilic polyurethane, poly(maleic anhydride-alt-ethylene) and their derivatives are examples. Other materials are polysaccharides and their derivatives. There are also sodium alginate, karaya gum, gelatin, guar gum, agar, algin carrageenans, pectin, locust bean gums, xanthan, starch-based gums, hydroxy alkyl and ethyl ethers of cellulose, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose. Some of the materials will be heated, then cooled, then a gel is formed. Some of the above are food gels. Some of them are bioadhesives.
Any drugs may be used, singly or in combination. For example, the drugs can be an anticoagulant, e.g. aspirin, ticlopidine, an RGD peptide-containing compound, heparin, antithrombin compounds, platelet receptor antagonists, antibodies, urokinase, prostaglandin inhibitors, platelet inhibitors, or antiplatelet peptide. The drug can be an inhibitor of vascular cell growth, DNA, RNA, cholesterol-lowering agents, vasodilating agents. The drug can be any drug such as Taxol, 5-fluorouracil, Beta-Estradiol, Tranilast, Trapidil, Probucol, Angiopeptin or any combination of them.
Since there are many drugs and many polymers, the sleeve can have multiple layers of different polymers with the same or different drugs. For example, the sleeve can have two layers of the same polymer with one layer with drug and another layer without drugs. The sleeve may have two layers of the same polymer with two different drugs as another example. In particular, various combinations of a cycling sinase inhibitor identified as p21 and the vascular endothelial growth factor identified as VEGF, an endothelial nitrogen, may preferably be included in and dispensed from the sleeve or coating provided thereon. Incorporation of drugs and growth factors into the sleeve material or coating thereof can also be performed by several other methods, including the solvent method, melting method, soaking method and spraying method. If both polymer and drug have a cosolvent, a solution case will be an easy way to provide the polymer matrix loaded with the drug or growth factor. If the polymer can be melted at low temperature and the drug or growth factor tolerates heating, a melting method can be used to mix the drug or growth factor into the polymer matrix. Also, a polymer-drug solution or suspension solution can be used for coating to provide a layer containing the drug or growth factor.
In another embodiment of the invention the sleeve may be coated with a film of bioadhesive. Bioadhesives glue the tissue together. Using a bioadhesive for the coating serves two purposes. If a tear has occurred prior to or during delivery of the stent on which the sleeve is mounted, the tissue can be repaired. In this manner, blood flow will be maintained in a vessel, for example. The bioadhesive may or may not also have drugs loaded for delivery. Dissection, cutting or tearing occurs in some stent delivery and PTCA procedures. Bioadhesives or surgical adhesives may be used to repair the passage wall. However, these tears or cuts are not necessarily discovered immediately. In those cases, a further medical procedure must be undertaken to repair the wall. The need for such an additional medical procedure may be eliminated where a bioadhesive is included as a coating on the sleeve mounted to the stent which is deployed in place, as the bioadhesive will repair damage to the vessel wall. The bioadhesive is chosen as the coating for the sleeve, or is used in addition to a coating on the sleeve and is applied in a known manner to the sleeve. The end or edge, side, outside and/or inside of the sleeve may utilize the bioadhesive.
Any appropriate bioadhesive may be used. For example, the following bioadhesives may be used singly or in combination: cyanoacrylate: ethyl cyanoacrylate, butyl cyanoacrylate, octyl cyanoacrylate, hexyl cyanoacrylate; fibrin glue: fibrinogen/thrombin/Factor Xlll/calcium as catalyst gelatin-resorcinol-formol (GRF) glue: formed from gelatin, resorcinol and water in the presence of formaldehyde, glutaraldehyde and heat (45 °C); mussel adhesive protein, prolamine gel and transforming growth factor beta(TGF-B); polyacrylic acid, modified hydrocellulose, hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium alginate, gelatin, pectin, polyvinylpylindone, polyethylene glycol, aldehyde relative multifunctional chemicals, polyallylsaccharose, and polypeptides.
Suitable materials for the device of the present invention and suitable drugs to be delivered thereby are also set forth in U.S. Application No. 08/874,190.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to preferred embodiments, workers skilled in the art will recognize that changes may be made in form and detail without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
The above Examples and disclosure are intended to be illustrative and not exhaustive. These examples and description will suggest many variations and alternatives to one of ordinary skill in this art. All these alternatives and variations are intended to be included within the scope of the attached claims. Those familiar with the art may recognize other equivalents to the specific embodiments described herein which equivalents are also intended to be encompassed by the claims attached hereto. F:\WPWORK\WEA\8471-APP.831

Claims

WHAT IS CLAIMED IS: What is claimed is:
I . An implantable intraluminal apparatus comprising in combination: an expandable intraluminal stent comprising a main body portion having a first end portion, a second end portion, a middle portion, an exterior surface and an interior flow passage defined therethrough; and a sheath constructed and arranged for mounting on the stent for delivery of drugs to an implanted site, said sheath comprising a biocompatible polymeric material and a drug carried thereby. 2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the sheath comprises polyurethane.
3. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the sheath comprises polytetrafluoroethylene.
4. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the sheath comprises a gel-like material.
5. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the sheath comprises a cellulose polymer.
6. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the sheath comprises a biodegradable polymer. 7. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the sheath comprises poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrollidone).
8. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the sheath comprises polyethylene oxide.
9. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the drug is selected from the group consisting of pharmaceutical agents, radioactive agents, bioactive agents and combinations thereof.
I I . The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the drug is selected from the group consisting of TAXOL, vascular endothelial growth factor, heparin, 5-fluorouracil, beta-estradiol, tranilast, trapidil, probucol, and angiopeptin.
12. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the sheath is cylindrical.
13. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the sheath further comprises a proximal end, a distal end and a slit extending from the proximal end to the distal end. 14. The apparatus of claim 13 wherein the slit is a longitudinal slit.
15. The apparatus of claim 13 wherein the slit is helical.
16. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the sheath is a helical coil.
17. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the sheath comprises a plurality of layers.
18. The apparatus of claim 17 wherein the plurality of layers is comprised of the same material.
19. The apparatus of claim 17 wherein the plurality of layers is comprised of different materials.
20. The apparatus of claim 17 wherein at least one of the layers includes a drug.
21. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the sheath further comprises an inner surface, an outer surface, and a coating covering at least a portion of the outer surface thereof. 22. The apparatus of claim 21 wherein the coating comprises a biocompatible polymer.
23. The apparatus of claim 21 wherein the coating comprises polyethylene oxide.
24. The apparatus of claim 21 wherein the coating comprises polyurethane.
25. The apparatus of claim 21 wherein the coating comprises a gel-like material.
26. The apparatus of claim 21 wherein the drug is carried by the coating. 27. The apparatus of claim 21 wherein the coating includes a bioadhesive.
28. The apparatus of claim 27 wherein the bioadhesive is selected from the group consisting of cyanoacrylate, fibrin glue, gelatin-resorcinol-formol glue.
29. The apparatus of claim 21 wherein the coating comprises a plurality of layers.
30. The apparatus of claim 29 wherein the plurality of layers is comprised of the same coating material.
31. The apparatus of claim 29 wherein the plurality of layers is comprised of different coating materials.
32. The apparatus of claim 29 wherein at least one of the layers includes a drug.
33. An implantable intraluminal apparatus comprising: a sheath constructed and arranged for mounting on a stent for delivery of drugs to an implanted site, said sheath comprising a biocompatible polymeric material and a drug carried thereby.
34. A sheath constructed and arranged for mounting on a stent for delivery of drugs to an implanted site, said sheath comprising a biocompatible polymeric material and a drug carried thereby.
35. A sheath for an implantable intraluminal apparatus for delivery of a stent, the sheath constructed and arranged for mounting on a stent for delivery of drugs to an implanted site, said sheath comprising a biocompatible polymeric material and a drug carried thereby.
36. A sheath for being delivery into the body with a stent, the sheath constructed and arranged for mounting on a stent for delivery of drugs to an implanted site, said sheath comprising a biocompatible polymeric material and a drug carried thereby.
37. A drug delivery sheath for delivering drugs within the body, the sheath constructed and arranged for being associated with a stent for delivery of drugs to an implanted site, said sheath comprising a biocompatible polymeric material and a drug carried thereby.
38. A sheath constructed and arranged for being introduced within the body for delivery of drugs to an implanted site, said sheath comprising a biocompatible polymeric material and a drug carried thereby.
PCT/US1999/019697 1998-09-02 1999-08-31 Drug delivery device for stent WO2000012147A1 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA002338788A CA2338788A1 (en) 1998-09-02 1999-08-31 Drug delivery device for stent
JP2000567257A JP2002523186A (en) 1998-09-02 1999-08-31 Drug delivery device for stent
EP99946670A EP1119379A1 (en) 1998-09-02 1999-08-31 Drug delivery device for stent

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US14570798A 1998-09-02 1998-09-02
US09/145,707 1998-09-02

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2000012147A1 true WO2000012147A1 (en) 2000-03-09

Family

ID=22514193

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US1999/019697 WO2000012147A1 (en) 1998-09-02 1999-08-31 Drug delivery device for stent

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1119379A1 (en)
JP (1) JP2002523186A (en)
CA (1) CA2338788A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2000012147A1 (en)

Cited By (132)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2001021157A2 (en) * 1999-09-21 2001-03-29 Institut De Cardiologie De Montreal Local delivery of 17-beta estradiol for preventing vascular intima hyperplasia and for improving vascular endothelium function after vascular injury
US6379382B1 (en) 2000-03-13 2002-04-30 Jun Yang Stent having cover with drug delivery capability
EP1217963A1 (en) * 1999-06-09 2002-07-03 C.R. Bard, Inc. Devices and methods for treating tissue
US6447439B1 (en) 1999-11-23 2002-09-10 Sorin Biomedica Cardio S.P.A. Device for conveying radioactive agents on angioplasty stents, respective method and kit
US6451373B1 (en) 2000-08-04 2002-09-17 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Method of forming a therapeutic coating onto a surface of an implantable prosthesis
US6491720B1 (en) 1999-08-05 2002-12-10 Sorin Biomedica S.P.A. Angioplasty stent adapted to counter restenosis respective kit and components
US6503556B2 (en) 2000-12-28 2003-01-07 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Methods of forming a coating for a prosthesis
US6503954B1 (en) 2000-03-31 2003-01-07 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Biocompatible carrier containing actinomycin D and a method of forming the same
US6540776B2 (en) 2000-12-28 2003-04-01 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Sheath for a prosthesis and methods of forming the same
DE10150995A1 (en) * 2001-10-08 2003-04-10 Biotronik Mess & Therapieg Implant e.g. a stent, comprises a decomposable substance which allows contact between the cell proliferation inhibitor and the stent surroundings only after a specified time
WO2003030784A1 (en) 2001-10-10 2003-04-17 Boston Scientific Limited Stent design with sheath attachment members
WO2003057077A1 (en) * 2001-12-28 2003-07-17 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Hybrid stent
US6613082B2 (en) 2000-03-13 2003-09-02 Jun Yang Stent having cover with drug delivery capability
US6638302B1 (en) 1996-12-30 2003-10-28 Sorin Biomedica Cardio S.P.A. Stent for angioplasty and associated production process
US6663880B1 (en) 2001-11-30 2003-12-16 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Permeabilizing reagents to increase drug delivery and a method of local delivery
US6712845B2 (en) 2001-04-24 2004-03-30 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Coating for a stent and a method of forming the same
US6713119B2 (en) 1999-09-03 2004-03-30 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Biocompatible coating for a prosthesis and a method of forming the same
US6749626B1 (en) 2000-03-31 2004-06-15 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Actinomycin D for the treatment of vascular disease
US6753071B1 (en) 2001-09-27 2004-06-22 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Rate-reducing membrane for release of an agent
US6759054B2 (en) 1999-09-03 2004-07-06 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Ethylene vinyl alcohol composition and coating
US6780424B2 (en) 2001-03-30 2004-08-24 Charles David Claude Controlled morphologies in polymer drug for release of drugs from polymer films
US6790228B2 (en) 1999-12-23 2004-09-14 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Coating for implantable devices and a method of forming the same
US6818247B1 (en) 2000-03-31 2004-11-16 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Ethylene vinyl alcohol-dimethyl acetamide composition and a method of coating a stent
US6824559B2 (en) 2000-12-22 2004-11-30 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Ethylene-carboxyl copolymers as drug delivery matrices
US6833153B1 (en) 2000-10-31 2004-12-21 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Hemocompatible coatings on hydrophobic porous polymers
WO2004112655A1 (en) * 2003-06-17 2004-12-29 Medtronic Vascular Inc. Superelastic coiled stent
US6890463B2 (en) 2000-10-03 2005-05-10 Atrium Medical Corporation Method for treating expandable polymer materials
US6896965B1 (en) 2002-11-12 2005-05-24 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Rate limiting barriers for implantable devices
US6908624B2 (en) 1999-12-23 2005-06-21 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Coating for implantable devices and a method of forming the same
US6923927B2 (en) 2000-10-03 2005-08-02 Atrium Medical Corporation Method for forming expandable polymers having drugs or agents included therewith
WO2005112570A2 (en) * 2004-05-12 2005-12-01 Medtronic Vascular, Inc. Drug-polymer coated stent
US7022372B1 (en) 2002-11-12 2006-04-04 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Compositions for coating implantable medical devices
US7022334B1 (en) 2002-03-20 2006-04-04 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Therapeutic composition and a method of coating implantable medical devices
DE102005007596A1 (en) * 2005-02-18 2006-08-24 Breeze Medical, Inc., Boca Raton Coating, manufacturing method and method for applying a coating to a medical instrument and medical instrument
US7169404B2 (en) 2003-07-30 2007-01-30 Advanced Cardiovasular Systems, Inc. Biologically absorbable coatings for implantable devices and methods for fabricating the same
US7172624B2 (en) 2003-02-06 2007-02-06 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Medical device with magnetic resonance visibility enhancing structure
US7175874B1 (en) 2001-11-30 2007-02-13 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Apparatus and method for coating implantable devices
US7175873B1 (en) 2001-06-27 2007-02-13 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Rate limiting barriers for implantable devices and methods for fabrication thereof
US7201935B1 (en) 2002-09-17 2007-04-10 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Plasma-generated coatings for medical devices and methods for fabricating thereof
US7211150B1 (en) 2002-12-09 2007-05-01 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Apparatus and method for coating and drying multiple stents
US7226473B2 (en) 2003-05-23 2007-06-05 Brar Balbir S Treatment of stenotic regions
US7232573B1 (en) 2002-09-26 2007-06-19 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Stent coatings containing self-assembled monolayers
US7255891B1 (en) 2003-02-26 2007-08-14 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Method for coating implantable medical devices
US7288609B1 (en) 2003-03-04 2007-10-30 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Coatings for drug delivery devices based on poly (orthoesters)
US7294329B1 (en) 2002-07-18 2007-11-13 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Poly(vinyl acetal) coatings for implantable medical devices
US7363074B1 (en) 2002-08-20 2008-04-22 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Coatings comprising self-assembled molecular structures and a method of delivering a drug using the same
EP1933936A2 (en) * 2005-10-13 2008-06-25 Synthes GmbH Drug-impregnated encasement
US7404979B1 (en) 2002-09-30 2008-07-29 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Spin coating apparatus and a method for coating implantable devices
US7438722B1 (en) 2002-09-20 2008-10-21 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Method for treatment of restenosis
US7473273B2 (en) 2002-01-22 2009-01-06 Medtronic Vascular, Inc. Stent assembly with therapeutic agent exterior banding
US7479157B2 (en) 2003-08-07 2009-01-20 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Stent designs which enable the visibility of the inside of the stent during MRI
US7504125B1 (en) 2001-04-27 2009-03-17 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. System and method for coating implantable devices
US7572245B2 (en) 2003-09-15 2009-08-11 Atrium Medical Corporation Application of a therapeutic substance to a tissue location using an expandable medical device
US7585516B2 (en) 2001-11-12 2009-09-08 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Coatings for drug delivery devices
US7622146B2 (en) 2002-07-18 2009-11-24 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Rate limiting barriers for implantable devices and methods for fabrication thereof
US7645504B1 (en) 2003-06-26 2010-01-12 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Coatings for implantable medical devices comprising hydrophobic and hydrophilic polymers
US7651695B2 (en) 2001-05-18 2010-01-26 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Medicated stents for the treatment of vascular disease
US7666342B2 (en) 2007-06-29 2010-02-23 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Method of manufacturing a stent from a polymer tube
US7674416B2 (en) * 2001-12-27 2010-03-09 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Hybrid intravascular stent
US7732535B2 (en) 2002-09-05 2010-06-08 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Coating for controlled release of drugs from implantable medical devices
US7740791B2 (en) * 2006-06-30 2010-06-22 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Method of fabricating a stent with features by blow molding
US7875285B1 (en) 2003-07-15 2011-01-25 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Medicated coatings for implantable medical devices having controlled rate of release
US7947015B2 (en) 1999-01-25 2011-05-24 Atrium Medical Corporation Application of a therapeutic substance to a tissue location using an expandable medical device
US8012402B2 (en) 2008-08-04 2011-09-06 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Tube expansion process for semicrystalline polymers to maximize fracture toughness
US8021331B2 (en) 2003-09-15 2011-09-20 Atrium Medical Corporation Method of coating a folded medical device
US8034361B2 (en) 2002-11-12 2011-10-11 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Stent coatings incorporating nanoparticles
US8097268B2 (en) 2003-05-01 2012-01-17 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Coatings for implantable medical devices
US8192678B2 (en) 2004-07-26 2012-06-05 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Method of fabricating an implantable medical device with biaxially oriented polymers
US8202530B2 (en) 2002-09-27 2012-06-19 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Biocompatible coatings for stents
US8211489B2 (en) 2007-12-19 2012-07-03 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Methods for applying an application material to an implantable device
US8268228B2 (en) 2007-12-11 2012-09-18 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Method of fabricating stents from blow molded tubing
US8323329B2 (en) 2006-06-15 2012-12-04 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Stents with enhanced fracture toughness
US8337937B2 (en) 2002-09-30 2012-12-25 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Stent spin coating method
US8361538B2 (en) 2007-12-19 2013-01-29 Abbott Laboratories Methods for applying an application material to an implantable device
US8370120B2 (en) 2010-04-30 2013-02-05 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Polymeric stents and method of manufacturing same
US8435286B2 (en) 2002-10-22 2013-05-07 Medtronic Vascular, Inc. Stent with intermittent coating
US8501079B2 (en) 2009-09-14 2013-08-06 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Controlling crystalline morphology of a bioabsorbable stent
US8689729B2 (en) 2003-05-15 2014-04-08 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Apparatus for coating stents
US8715771B2 (en) 2003-02-26 2014-05-06 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Coated stent and method of making the same
DE10107795B4 (en) * 2001-02-13 2014-05-15 Berlex Ag Vascular support with a basic body, method for producing the vascular support, apparatus for coating the vascular support
US8846070B2 (en) 2004-03-29 2014-09-30 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Biologically degradable compositions for medical applications
US8871883B2 (en) 2002-12-11 2014-10-28 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Biocompatible coating for implantable medical devices
US8871236B2 (en) 2002-12-11 2014-10-28 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Biocompatible polyacrylate compositions for medical applications
US8883175B2 (en) 2003-11-14 2014-11-11 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Block copolymers of acrylates and methacrylates with fluoroalkenes
US8925177B2 (en) 2006-06-19 2015-01-06 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Methods for improving stent retention on a balloon catheter
US8961588B2 (en) 2002-03-27 2015-02-24 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Method of coating a stent with a release polymer for 40-O-(2-hydroxy)ethyl-rapamycin
US8961584B2 (en) 2001-06-29 2015-02-24 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Composite stent with regioselective material
US9028859B2 (en) 2006-07-07 2015-05-12 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Phase-separated block copolymer coatings for implantable medical devices
US9038260B2 (en) 2006-05-26 2015-05-26 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Stent with radiopaque markers
US9050442B2 (en) 1999-01-25 2015-06-09 Atrium Medical Corporation Expandable fluoropolymer device for delivery of therapeutic agents and method of making
US9056155B1 (en) 2007-05-29 2015-06-16 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Coatings having an elastic primer layer
US9067000B2 (en) 2004-10-27 2015-06-30 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. End-capped poly(ester amide) copolymers
US9072820B2 (en) 2006-06-26 2015-07-07 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Polymer composite stent with polymer particles
US9084671B2 (en) 2002-06-21 2015-07-21 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Methods of forming a micronized peptide coated stent
US9101697B2 (en) 2004-04-30 2015-08-11 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Hyaluronic acid based copolymers
US9114198B2 (en) 2003-11-19 2015-08-25 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Biologically beneficial coatings for implantable devices containing fluorinated polymers and methods for fabricating the same
USRE45744E1 (en) 2003-12-01 2015-10-13 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Temperature controlled crimping
US9175162B2 (en) 2003-05-08 2015-11-03 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Methods for forming stent coatings comprising hydrophilic additives
US9173733B1 (en) 2006-08-21 2015-11-03 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Tracheobronchial implantable medical device and methods of use
US9198785B2 (en) 2010-01-30 2015-12-01 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Crush recoverable polymer scaffolds
US9198782B2 (en) 2006-05-30 2015-12-01 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Manufacturing process for polymeric stents
US9216238B2 (en) 2006-04-28 2015-12-22 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Implantable medical device having reduced chance of late inflammatory response
US9248034B2 (en) 2005-08-23 2016-02-02 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Controlled disintegrating implantable medical devices
US9283099B2 (en) 2004-08-25 2016-03-15 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Stent-catheter assembly with a releasable connection for stent retention
US9295570B2 (en) 2001-09-19 2016-03-29 Abbott Laboratories Vascular Enterprises Limited Cold-molding process for loading a stent onto a stent delivery system
US9339592B2 (en) 2004-12-22 2016-05-17 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Polymers of fluorinated monomers and hydrocarbon monomers
US9364498B2 (en) 2004-06-18 2016-06-14 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Heparin prodrugs and drug delivery stents formed therefrom
US9364588B2 (en) 2014-02-04 2016-06-14 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Drug delivery scaffold or stent with a novolimus and lactide based coating such that novolimus has a minimum amount of bonding to the coating
US9381683B2 (en) 2011-12-28 2016-07-05 DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. Films and methods of manufacture
US9517149B2 (en) 2004-07-26 2016-12-13 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Biodegradable stent with enhanced fracture toughness
US9532888B2 (en) 2006-01-04 2017-01-03 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Stents with radiopaque markers
US9561309B2 (en) 2004-05-27 2017-02-07 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Antifouling heparin coatings
US9561351B2 (en) 2006-05-31 2017-02-07 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Drug delivery spiral coil construct
US9580558B2 (en) 2004-07-30 2017-02-28 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Polymers containing siloxane monomers
WO2017169177A1 (en) * 2016-03-28 2017-10-05 テルモ株式会社 Stent delivery system
US9827119B2 (en) 2010-01-30 2017-11-28 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Polymer scaffolds having a low crossing profile
US9999527B2 (en) 2015-02-11 2018-06-19 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Scaffolds having radiopaque markers
US10028851B2 (en) 1997-04-15 2018-07-24 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Coatings for controlling erosion of a substrate of an implantable medical device
US10064982B2 (en) 2001-06-27 2018-09-04 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. PDLLA stent coating
US10076591B2 (en) 2010-03-31 2018-09-18 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Absorbable coating for implantable device
US10145811B2 (en) 2006-07-13 2018-12-04 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Radio frequency identification monitoring of stents
US10307274B2 (en) 2011-07-29 2019-06-04 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Methods for uniform crimping and deployment of a polymer scaffold
US10500304B2 (en) 2013-06-21 2019-12-10 DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. Films and methods of manufacture
US10610387B2 (en) 2015-06-12 2020-04-07 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Scaffolds having a radiopaque marker and methods for attaching a marker to a scaffold
US10772995B2 (en) 2004-09-28 2020-09-15 Atrium Medical Corporation Cross-linked fatty acid-based biomaterials
US10792312B2 (en) 2004-09-28 2020-10-06 Atrium Medical Corporation Barrier layer
US10814043B2 (en) 2004-09-28 2020-10-27 Atrium Medical Corporation Cross-linked fatty acid-based biomaterials
US10864304B2 (en) 2009-08-11 2020-12-15 Atrium Medical Corporation Anti-infective antimicrobial-containing biomaterials
US10888617B2 (en) 2012-06-13 2021-01-12 Atrium Medical Corporation Cured oil-hydrogel biomaterial compositions for controlled drug delivery
US11083823B2 (en) 2005-09-28 2021-08-10 Atrium Medical Corporation Tissue-separating fatty acid adhesion barrier
US11097035B2 (en) 2010-07-16 2021-08-24 Atrium Medical Corporation Compositions and methods for altering the rate of hydrolysis of cured oil-based materials
US11166929B2 (en) 2009-03-10 2021-11-09 Atrium Medical Corporation Fatty-acid based particles

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA2576441A1 (en) * 2004-08-17 2006-03-02 Tyco Healthcare Group Lp Stapling support structures
EP2735359B1 (en) 2012-11-26 2017-02-08 Gambro Lundia AB Integrated device for liver support systems
JP2018175776A (en) * 2017-04-21 2018-11-15 グンゼ株式会社 Covered stent
EP3765102A1 (en) * 2018-03-13 2021-01-20 Institut Químic de Sarrià CETS Fundació Privada Vascular repair patch

Citations (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4503569A (en) 1983-03-03 1985-03-12 Dotter Charles T Transluminally placed expandable graft prosthesis
US4512338A (en) 1983-01-25 1985-04-23 Balko Alexander B Process for restoring patency to body vessels
US4732152A (en) 1984-12-05 1988-03-22 Medinvent S.A. Device for implantation and a method of implantation in a vessel using such device
US4733665A (en) 1985-11-07 1988-03-29 Expandable Grafts Partnership Expandable intraluminal graft, and method and apparatus for implanting an expandable intraluminal graft
US4848343A (en) 1986-10-31 1989-07-18 Medinvent S.A. Device for transluminal implantation
US5019090A (en) 1988-09-01 1991-05-28 Corvita Corporation Radially expandable endoprosthesis and the like
WO1993006792A1 (en) * 1991-10-04 1993-04-15 Scimed Life Systems, Inc. Biodegradable drug delivery vascular stent
EP0578998A1 (en) * 1992-07-08 1994-01-19 Strecker, Ernst Peter, Dr.-med.Prof. Implantable percutaneous endoprosthesis
EP0604022A1 (en) * 1992-12-22 1994-06-29 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Multilayered biodegradable stent and method for its manufacture
US5383928A (en) * 1992-06-10 1995-01-24 Emory University Stent sheath for local drug delivery
WO1995029647A2 (en) * 1994-04-29 1995-11-09 Scimed Life Systems, Inc. Stent with collagen
EP0712615A1 (en) * 1994-11-16 1996-05-22 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Drug-loaded elastic membrane and method for delivery
EP0716836A1 (en) * 1994-12-13 1996-06-19 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Polymer film for wrapping a stent structure
WO1996025176A1 (en) * 1995-02-15 1996-08-22 Neorx Corporation Therapeutic inhibitor of vascular smooth muscle cells
US5578075A (en) * 1992-11-04 1996-11-26 Michael Peck Dayton Minimally invasive bioactivated endoprosthesis for vessel repair
WO1998036784A1 (en) * 1997-02-20 1998-08-27 Cook Incorporated Coated implantable medical device

Patent Citations (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4512338A (en) 1983-01-25 1985-04-23 Balko Alexander B Process for restoring patency to body vessels
US4503569A (en) 1983-03-03 1985-03-12 Dotter Charles T Transluminally placed expandable graft prosthesis
US4732152A (en) 1984-12-05 1988-03-22 Medinvent S.A. Device for implantation and a method of implantation in a vessel using such device
US4733665A (en) 1985-11-07 1988-03-29 Expandable Grafts Partnership Expandable intraluminal graft, and method and apparatus for implanting an expandable intraluminal graft
US4733665B1 (en) 1985-11-07 1994-01-11 Expandable Grafts Partnership Expandable intraluminal graft,and method and apparatus for implanting an expandable intraluminal graft
US4733665C2 (en) 1985-11-07 2002-01-29 Expandable Grafts Partnership Expandable intraluminal graft and method and apparatus for implanting an expandable intraluminal graft
US4848343A (en) 1986-10-31 1989-07-18 Medinvent S.A. Device for transluminal implantation
US5019090A (en) 1988-09-01 1991-05-28 Corvita Corporation Radially expandable endoprosthesis and the like
WO1993006792A1 (en) * 1991-10-04 1993-04-15 Scimed Life Systems, Inc. Biodegradable drug delivery vascular stent
US5383928A (en) * 1992-06-10 1995-01-24 Emory University Stent sheath for local drug delivery
EP0578998A1 (en) * 1992-07-08 1994-01-19 Strecker, Ernst Peter, Dr.-med.Prof. Implantable percutaneous endoprosthesis
US5578075A (en) * 1992-11-04 1996-11-26 Michael Peck Dayton Minimally invasive bioactivated endoprosthesis for vessel repair
US5578075B1 (en) * 1992-11-04 2000-02-08 Daynke Res Inc Minimally invasive bioactivated endoprosthesis for vessel repair
EP0604022A1 (en) * 1992-12-22 1994-06-29 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Multilayered biodegradable stent and method for its manufacture
WO1995029647A2 (en) * 1994-04-29 1995-11-09 Scimed Life Systems, Inc. Stent with collagen
EP0712615A1 (en) * 1994-11-16 1996-05-22 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Drug-loaded elastic membrane and method for delivery
EP0716836A1 (en) * 1994-12-13 1996-06-19 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Polymer film for wrapping a stent structure
WO1996025176A1 (en) * 1995-02-15 1996-08-22 Neorx Corporation Therapeutic inhibitor of vascular smooth muscle cells
WO1998036784A1 (en) * 1997-02-20 1998-08-27 Cook Incorporated Coated implantable medical device

Cited By (202)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7946019B2 (en) 1996-12-30 2011-05-24 Sorin Biomedica Cardio S.R.L. Process for producing a stent for angioplasty
US7739781B2 (en) 1996-12-30 2010-06-22 Sorin Biomedica Cardio S.R.L Process for producing a stent for angioplasty
US6638302B1 (en) 1996-12-30 2003-10-28 Sorin Biomedica Cardio S.P.A. Stent for angioplasty and associated production process
US10028851B2 (en) 1997-04-15 2018-07-24 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Coatings for controlling erosion of a substrate of an implantable medical device
US7947015B2 (en) 1999-01-25 2011-05-24 Atrium Medical Corporation Application of a therapeutic substance to a tissue location using an expandable medical device
US9050442B2 (en) 1999-01-25 2015-06-09 Atrium Medical Corporation Expandable fluoropolymer device for delivery of therapeutic agents and method of making
EP1217963A1 (en) * 1999-06-09 2002-07-03 C.R. Bard, Inc. Devices and methods for treating tissue
EP1217963A4 (en) * 1999-06-09 2007-12-12 Bard Inc C R Devices and methods for treating tissue
US6491720B1 (en) 1999-08-05 2002-12-10 Sorin Biomedica S.P.A. Angioplasty stent adapted to counter restenosis respective kit and components
US6759054B2 (en) 1999-09-03 2004-07-06 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Ethylene vinyl alcohol composition and coating
US6713119B2 (en) 1999-09-03 2004-03-30 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Biocompatible coating for a prosthesis and a method of forming the same
WO2001021157A2 (en) * 1999-09-21 2001-03-29 Institut De Cardiologie De Montreal Local delivery of 17-beta estradiol for preventing vascular intima hyperplasia and for improving vascular endothelium function after vascular injury
WO2001021157A3 (en) * 1999-09-21 2001-12-13 Inst Cardiologie Montreal Local delivery of 17-beta estradiol for preventing vascular intima hyperplasia and for improving vascular endothelium function after vascular injury
US6447439B1 (en) 1999-11-23 2002-09-10 Sorin Biomedica Cardio S.P.A. Device for conveying radioactive agents on angioplasty stents, respective method and kit
US6585632B2 (en) 1999-11-23 2003-07-01 Sorin Biomedica Cardio S.P.A. Device for conveying radioactive agents on angioplasty stents, respective method and kit
US6908624B2 (en) 1999-12-23 2005-06-21 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Coating for implantable devices and a method of forming the same
US6790228B2 (en) 1999-12-23 2004-09-14 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Coating for implantable devices and a method of forming the same
US6613084B2 (en) 2000-03-13 2003-09-02 Jun Yang Stent having cover with drug delivery capability
US6613082B2 (en) 2000-03-13 2003-09-02 Jun Yang Stent having cover with drug delivery capability
US6379382B1 (en) 2000-03-13 2002-04-30 Jun Yang Stent having cover with drug delivery capability
US6818247B1 (en) 2000-03-31 2004-11-16 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Ethylene vinyl alcohol-dimethyl acetamide composition and a method of coating a stent
US6503954B1 (en) 2000-03-31 2003-01-07 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Biocompatible carrier containing actinomycin D and a method of forming the same
US6749626B1 (en) 2000-03-31 2004-06-15 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Actinomycin D for the treatment of vascular disease
US6451373B1 (en) 2000-08-04 2002-09-17 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Method of forming a therapeutic coating onto a surface of an implantable prosthesis
US6733768B2 (en) 2000-08-04 2004-05-11 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Composition for coating an implantable prosthesis
US6923927B2 (en) 2000-10-03 2005-08-02 Atrium Medical Corporation Method for forming expandable polymers having drugs or agents included therewith
US6890463B2 (en) 2000-10-03 2005-05-10 Atrium Medical Corporation Method for treating expandable polymer materials
US6833153B1 (en) 2000-10-31 2004-12-21 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Hemocompatible coatings on hydrophobic porous polymers
US6824559B2 (en) 2000-12-22 2004-11-30 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Ethylene-carboxyl copolymers as drug delivery matrices
US6503556B2 (en) 2000-12-28 2003-01-07 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Methods of forming a coating for a prosthesis
US6540776B2 (en) 2000-12-28 2003-04-01 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Sheath for a prosthesis and methods of forming the same
DE10107795B4 (en) * 2001-02-13 2014-05-15 Berlex Ag Vascular support with a basic body, method for producing the vascular support, apparatus for coating the vascular support
US6780424B2 (en) 2001-03-30 2004-08-24 Charles David Claude Controlled morphologies in polymer drug for release of drugs from polymer films
US6712845B2 (en) 2001-04-24 2004-03-30 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Coating for a stent and a method of forming the same
US7504125B1 (en) 2001-04-27 2009-03-17 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. System and method for coating implantable devices
US8007858B2 (en) 2001-04-27 2011-08-30 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. System and method for coating implantable devices
US7651695B2 (en) 2001-05-18 2010-01-26 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Medicated stents for the treatment of vascular disease
US10064982B2 (en) 2001-06-27 2018-09-04 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. PDLLA stent coating
US7175873B1 (en) 2001-06-27 2007-02-13 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Rate limiting barriers for implantable devices and methods for fabrication thereof
US8961584B2 (en) 2001-06-29 2015-02-24 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Composite stent with regioselective material
US9295570B2 (en) 2001-09-19 2016-03-29 Abbott Laboratories Vascular Enterprises Limited Cold-molding process for loading a stent onto a stent delivery system
US10166131B2 (en) 2001-09-19 2019-01-01 Abbott Laboratories Vascular Enterprises Limited Process for loading a stent onto a stent delivery system
US6753071B1 (en) 2001-09-27 2004-06-22 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Rate-reducing membrane for release of an agent
DE10150995A1 (en) * 2001-10-08 2003-04-10 Biotronik Mess & Therapieg Implant e.g. a stent, comprises a decomposable substance which allows contact between the cell proliferation inhibitor and the stent surroundings only after a specified time
US6849089B2 (en) 2001-10-08 2005-02-01 Biotronik Mess-Und Therapiegeraete Gmbh & Co Ingenieurbuero Berlin Implant with proliferation-inhibiting substance
US7399312B2 (en) 2001-10-10 2008-07-15 Scimed Life Systems, Inc. Stent design with sheath attachment members
WO2003030784A1 (en) 2001-10-10 2003-04-17 Boston Scientific Limited Stent design with sheath attachment members
US8641750B2 (en) 2001-10-10 2014-02-04 Lifeshield Sciences Llc Stent design with sheath attachment members
US8349350B2 (en) 2001-11-12 2013-01-08 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Coatings for drug delivery devices
US8124119B2 (en) 2001-11-12 2012-02-28 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Coatings for drug delivery devices
US7585516B2 (en) 2001-11-12 2009-09-08 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Coatings for drug delivery devices
US9173982B2 (en) 2001-11-12 2015-11-03 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Coatings for drug delivery devices
US8883186B2 (en) 2001-11-12 2014-11-11 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Coatings for drug delivery devices
US7175874B1 (en) 2001-11-30 2007-02-13 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Apparatus and method for coating implantable devices
US6663880B1 (en) 2001-11-30 2003-12-16 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Permeabilizing reagents to increase drug delivery and a method of local delivery
US7014861B2 (en) 2001-11-30 2006-03-21 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Permeabilizing reagents to increase drug delivery and a method of local delivery
US8192785B2 (en) 2001-11-30 2012-06-05 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Apparatus and method for coating implantable devices
US7674416B2 (en) * 2001-12-27 2010-03-09 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Hybrid intravascular stent
WO2003057077A1 (en) * 2001-12-28 2003-07-17 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Hybrid stent
US7473273B2 (en) 2002-01-22 2009-01-06 Medtronic Vascular, Inc. Stent assembly with therapeutic agent exterior banding
US7022334B1 (en) 2002-03-20 2006-04-04 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Therapeutic composition and a method of coating implantable medical devices
US8961588B2 (en) 2002-03-27 2015-02-24 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Method of coating a stent with a release polymer for 40-O-(2-hydroxy)ethyl-rapamycin
US9084671B2 (en) 2002-06-21 2015-07-21 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Methods of forming a micronized peptide coated stent
US7622146B2 (en) 2002-07-18 2009-11-24 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Rate limiting barriers for implantable devices and methods for fabrication thereof
US7294329B1 (en) 2002-07-18 2007-11-13 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Poly(vinyl acetal) coatings for implantable medical devices
US8551446B2 (en) 2002-07-18 2013-10-08 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Poly(vinyl acetal) coatings for implantable medical devices
US7536221B2 (en) 2002-08-20 2009-05-19 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Coatings comprising self-assembled molecular structures
US7363074B1 (en) 2002-08-20 2008-04-22 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Coatings comprising self-assembled molecular structures and a method of delivering a drug using the same
US7945319B2 (en) 2002-08-20 2011-05-17 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Methods of delivering a drug using a medical device with a coating comprising a self-assembled molecular structure
US7941212B2 (en) 2002-08-20 2011-05-10 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Method of delivering a drug using a medical device with a coating comprising a self-assembled molecular structure
US7732535B2 (en) 2002-09-05 2010-06-08 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Coating for controlled release of drugs from implantable medical devices
US7201935B1 (en) 2002-09-17 2007-04-10 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Plasma-generated coatings for medical devices and methods for fabricating thereof
US7438722B1 (en) 2002-09-20 2008-10-21 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Method for treatment of restenosis
US7413746B2 (en) 2002-09-26 2008-08-19 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Stent coatings containing self-assembled monolayers
US7232573B1 (en) 2002-09-26 2007-06-19 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Stent coatings containing self-assembled monolayers
US8202530B2 (en) 2002-09-27 2012-06-19 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Biocompatible coatings for stents
US8337937B2 (en) 2002-09-30 2012-12-25 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Stent spin coating method
US8042486B2 (en) 2002-09-30 2011-10-25 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Stent spin coating apparatus
US7404979B1 (en) 2002-09-30 2008-07-29 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Spin coating apparatus and a method for coating implantable devices
US7604831B2 (en) 2002-09-30 2009-10-20 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Stent spin coating method
US8435286B2 (en) 2002-10-22 2013-05-07 Medtronic Vascular, Inc. Stent with intermittent coating
US8034361B2 (en) 2002-11-12 2011-10-11 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Stent coatings incorporating nanoparticles
US6896965B1 (en) 2002-11-12 2005-05-24 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Rate limiting barriers for implantable devices
US7022372B1 (en) 2002-11-12 2006-04-04 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Compositions for coating implantable medical devices
US7534464B2 (en) 2002-12-09 2009-05-19 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Apparatus and method for coating and drying multiple stents
US7211150B1 (en) 2002-12-09 2007-05-01 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Apparatus and method for coating and drying multiple stents
US8534223B2 (en) 2002-12-09 2013-09-17 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. System for coating a stent
US8109230B2 (en) 2002-12-09 2012-02-07 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Apparatus and method for coating and drying multiple stents
US8871236B2 (en) 2002-12-11 2014-10-28 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Biocompatible polyacrylate compositions for medical applications
US8871883B2 (en) 2002-12-11 2014-10-28 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Biocompatible coating for implantable medical devices
US8986726B2 (en) 2002-12-11 2015-03-24 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Biocompatible polyacrylate compositions for medical applications
US7172624B2 (en) 2003-02-06 2007-02-06 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Medical device with magnetic resonance visibility enhancing structure
US8007855B2 (en) 2003-02-26 2011-08-30 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Method for coating implantable medical devices
US8715771B2 (en) 2003-02-26 2014-05-06 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Coated stent and method of making the same
US7255891B1 (en) 2003-02-26 2007-08-14 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Method for coating implantable medical devices
US7588794B2 (en) 2003-03-04 2009-09-15 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Coatings for drug delivery devices based on poly (orthoesters)
US7288609B1 (en) 2003-03-04 2007-10-30 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Coatings for drug delivery devices based on poly (orthoesters)
US8367091B2 (en) 2003-05-01 2013-02-05 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Coatings for implantable medical devices
US8097268B2 (en) 2003-05-01 2012-01-17 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Coatings for implantable medical devices
US9175162B2 (en) 2003-05-08 2015-11-03 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Methods for forming stent coatings comprising hydrophilic additives
US8689729B2 (en) 2003-05-15 2014-04-08 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Apparatus for coating stents
US7226473B2 (en) 2003-05-23 2007-06-05 Brar Balbir S Treatment of stenotic regions
US7468052B2 (en) 2003-05-23 2008-12-23 Brar Balbir S Treatment of stenotic regions
WO2004112655A1 (en) * 2003-06-17 2004-12-29 Medtronic Vascular Inc. Superelastic coiled stent
JP2007524449A (en) * 2003-06-17 2007-08-30 メドトロニック ヴァスキュラー インコーポレイテッド Superelastic coiled stent
US7645504B1 (en) 2003-06-26 2010-01-12 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Coatings for implantable medical devices comprising hydrophobic and hydrophilic polymers
US7875285B1 (en) 2003-07-15 2011-01-25 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Medicated coatings for implantable medical devices having controlled rate of release
US7169404B2 (en) 2003-07-30 2007-01-30 Advanced Cardiovasular Systems, Inc. Biologically absorbable coatings for implantable devices and methods for fabricating the same
US7378106B2 (en) 2003-07-30 2008-05-27 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Biologically absorbable coatings for implantable devices and methods for fabricating the same
US8003123B2 (en) 2003-07-30 2011-08-23 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Biologically absorbable coatings for implantable devices and methods for fabricating the same
US7479157B2 (en) 2003-08-07 2009-01-20 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Stent designs which enable the visibility of the inside of the stent during MRI
US7572245B2 (en) 2003-09-15 2009-08-11 Atrium Medical Corporation Application of a therapeutic substance to a tissue location using an expandable medical device
US8021331B2 (en) 2003-09-15 2011-09-20 Atrium Medical Corporation Method of coating a folded medical device
US9446173B2 (en) 2003-11-14 2016-09-20 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Block copolymers of acrylates and methacrylates with fluoroalkenes
US8883175B2 (en) 2003-11-14 2014-11-11 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Block copolymers of acrylates and methacrylates with fluoroalkenes
US9114198B2 (en) 2003-11-19 2015-08-25 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Biologically beneficial coatings for implantable devices containing fluorinated polymers and methods for fabricating the same
USRE45744E1 (en) 2003-12-01 2015-10-13 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Temperature controlled crimping
US8846070B2 (en) 2004-03-29 2014-09-30 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Biologically degradable compositions for medical applications
US9101697B2 (en) 2004-04-30 2015-08-11 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Hyaluronic acid based copolymers
US8001925B2 (en) 2004-05-12 2011-08-23 Medtronic Vascular, Inc. Drug-polymer coated stent
US7704545B2 (en) 2004-05-12 2010-04-27 Medtronic Vascular, Inc. Drug-polymer coated stent
WO2005112570A3 (en) * 2004-05-12 2006-05-04 Medtronic Vascular Inc Drug-polymer coated stent
WO2005112570A2 (en) * 2004-05-12 2005-12-01 Medtronic Vascular, Inc. Drug-polymer coated stent
US9561309B2 (en) 2004-05-27 2017-02-07 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Antifouling heparin coatings
US9364498B2 (en) 2004-06-18 2016-06-14 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Heparin prodrugs and drug delivery stents formed therefrom
US9375445B2 (en) 2004-06-18 2016-06-28 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Heparin prodrugs and drug delivery stents formed therefrom
US9517149B2 (en) 2004-07-26 2016-12-13 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Biodegradable stent with enhanced fracture toughness
US8192678B2 (en) 2004-07-26 2012-06-05 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Method of fabricating an implantable medical device with biaxially oriented polymers
US8715564B2 (en) 2004-07-26 2014-05-06 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Method of fabricating an implantable medical device with biaxially oriented polymers
US9580558B2 (en) 2004-07-30 2017-02-28 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Polymers containing siloxane monomers
US9283099B2 (en) 2004-08-25 2016-03-15 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Stent-catheter assembly with a releasable connection for stent retention
US10772995B2 (en) 2004-09-28 2020-09-15 Atrium Medical Corporation Cross-linked fatty acid-based biomaterials
US11793912B2 (en) 2004-09-28 2023-10-24 Atrium Medical Corporation Cross-linked fatty acid-based biomaterials
US10869902B2 (en) 2004-09-28 2020-12-22 Atrium Medical Corporation Cured gel and method of making
US10814043B2 (en) 2004-09-28 2020-10-27 Atrium Medical Corporation Cross-linked fatty acid-based biomaterials
US10792312B2 (en) 2004-09-28 2020-10-06 Atrium Medical Corporation Barrier layer
US9067000B2 (en) 2004-10-27 2015-06-30 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. End-capped poly(ester amide) copolymers
US9339592B2 (en) 2004-12-22 2016-05-17 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Polymers of fluorinated monomers and hydrocarbon monomers
DE102005007596A1 (en) * 2005-02-18 2006-08-24 Breeze Medical, Inc., Boca Raton Coating, manufacturing method and method for applying a coating to a medical instrument and medical instrument
US9248034B2 (en) 2005-08-23 2016-02-02 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Controlled disintegrating implantable medical devices
US11083823B2 (en) 2005-09-28 2021-08-10 Atrium Medical Corporation Tissue-separating fatty acid adhesion barrier
US8900620B2 (en) 2005-10-13 2014-12-02 DePuy Synthes Products, LLC Drug-impregnated encasement
EP1933936A2 (en) * 2005-10-13 2008-06-25 Synthes GmbH Drug-impregnated encasement
US10814112B2 (en) 2005-10-13 2020-10-27 DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. Drug-impregnated encasement
EP1933936A4 (en) * 2005-10-13 2010-05-12 Synthes Gmbh Drug-impregnated encasement
US9579260B2 (en) 2005-10-13 2017-02-28 DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. Drug-impregnated encasement
US9532888B2 (en) 2006-01-04 2017-01-03 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Stents with radiopaque markers
US10070975B2 (en) 2006-01-04 2018-09-11 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Stents with radiopaque markers
US9216238B2 (en) 2006-04-28 2015-12-22 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Implantable medical device having reduced chance of late inflammatory response
US9694116B2 (en) 2006-05-26 2017-07-04 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Stents with radiopaque markers
US9038260B2 (en) 2006-05-26 2015-05-26 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Stent with radiopaque markers
US9358325B2 (en) 2006-05-26 2016-06-07 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Stents with radiopaque markers
US10390979B2 (en) 2006-05-30 2019-08-27 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Manufacturing process for polymeric stents
US9198782B2 (en) 2006-05-30 2015-12-01 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Manufacturing process for polymeric stents
US9554925B2 (en) 2006-05-30 2017-01-31 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Biodegradable polymeric stents
US9561351B2 (en) 2006-05-31 2017-02-07 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Drug delivery spiral coil construct
US9522503B2 (en) 2006-06-15 2016-12-20 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Methods of treatment with stents with enhanced fracture toughness
US8658081B2 (en) 2006-06-15 2014-02-25 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Methods of fabricating stents with enhanced fracture toughness
US8323329B2 (en) 2006-06-15 2012-12-04 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Stents with enhanced fracture toughness
US9259341B2 (en) 2006-06-19 2016-02-16 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Methods for improving stent retention on a balloon catheter
US9579225B2 (en) 2006-06-19 2017-02-28 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Methods for improving stent retention on a balloon catheter
US10342688B2 (en) 2006-06-19 2019-07-09 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Methods for improving stent retention on a balloon catheter
US8925177B2 (en) 2006-06-19 2015-01-06 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Methods for improving stent retention on a balloon catheter
US9072820B2 (en) 2006-06-26 2015-07-07 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Polymer composite stent with polymer particles
US7740791B2 (en) * 2006-06-30 2010-06-22 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Method of fabricating a stent with features by blow molding
US9028859B2 (en) 2006-07-07 2015-05-12 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Phase-separated block copolymer coatings for implantable medical devices
US10145811B2 (en) 2006-07-13 2018-12-04 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Radio frequency identification monitoring of stents
US9833342B2 (en) 2006-08-21 2017-12-05 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Tracheobronchial implantable medical device and methods of use
US9173733B1 (en) 2006-08-21 2015-11-03 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Tracheobronchial implantable medical device and methods of use
US9056155B1 (en) 2007-05-29 2015-06-16 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Coatings having an elastic primer layer
US7666342B2 (en) 2007-06-29 2010-02-23 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Method of manufacturing a stent from a polymer tube
US8658082B2 (en) 2007-12-11 2014-02-25 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Method of fabricating stents from blow molded tubing
US8268228B2 (en) 2007-12-11 2012-09-18 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Method of fabricating stents from blow molded tubing
US8361538B2 (en) 2007-12-19 2013-01-29 Abbott Laboratories Methods for applying an application material to an implantable device
US8211489B2 (en) 2007-12-19 2012-07-03 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Methods for applying an application material to an implantable device
US8828305B2 (en) 2008-08-04 2014-09-09 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Tube expansion processes for semicrystalline polymers to maximize fracture toughness
US8012402B2 (en) 2008-08-04 2011-09-06 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Tube expansion process for semicrystalline polymers to maximize fracture toughness
US8303296B2 (en) 2008-08-04 2012-11-06 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Polymer tube expansion apparatus to maximize fracture toughness
US11166929B2 (en) 2009-03-10 2021-11-09 Atrium Medical Corporation Fatty-acid based particles
US10864304B2 (en) 2009-08-11 2020-12-15 Atrium Medical Corporation Anti-infective antimicrobial-containing biomaterials
US8501079B2 (en) 2009-09-14 2013-08-06 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Controlling crystalline morphology of a bioabsorbable stent
US9211682B2 (en) 2009-09-14 2015-12-15 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Controlling crystalline morphology of a bioabsorbable stent
US9763818B2 (en) 2010-01-30 2017-09-19 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Method of crimping stent on catheter delivery assembly
US9198785B2 (en) 2010-01-30 2015-12-01 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Crush recoverable polymer scaffolds
US9867728B2 (en) 2010-01-30 2018-01-16 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Method of making a stent
US9827119B2 (en) 2010-01-30 2017-11-28 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Polymer scaffolds having a low crossing profile
US11324614B2 (en) 2010-01-30 2022-05-10 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Balloon expanded polymer stent
US10123894B2 (en) 2010-01-30 2018-11-13 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Method of crimping stent on catheter delivery assembly
US9770351B2 (en) 2010-01-30 2017-09-26 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Crush recoverable polymer scaffolds
US10076591B2 (en) 2010-03-31 2018-09-18 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Absorbable coating for implantable device
US8370120B2 (en) 2010-04-30 2013-02-05 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Polymeric stents and method of manufacturing same
US11097035B2 (en) 2010-07-16 2021-08-24 Atrium Medical Corporation Compositions and methods for altering the rate of hydrolysis of cured oil-based materials
US10307274B2 (en) 2011-07-29 2019-06-04 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Methods for uniform crimping and deployment of a polymer scaffold
US10617653B2 (en) 2011-12-28 2020-04-14 DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. Films and methods of manufacture
US9381683B2 (en) 2011-12-28 2016-07-05 DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. Films and methods of manufacture
US10888617B2 (en) 2012-06-13 2021-01-12 Atrium Medical Corporation Cured oil-hydrogel biomaterial compositions for controlled drug delivery
US10500304B2 (en) 2013-06-21 2019-12-10 DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. Films and methods of manufacture
US9364588B2 (en) 2014-02-04 2016-06-14 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Drug delivery scaffold or stent with a novolimus and lactide based coating such that novolimus has a minimum amount of bonding to the coating
US9999527B2 (en) 2015-02-11 2018-06-19 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Scaffolds having radiopaque markers
US10610387B2 (en) 2015-06-12 2020-04-07 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Scaffolds having a radiopaque marker and methods for attaching a marker to a scaffold
US11478370B2 (en) 2015-06-12 2022-10-25 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Scaffolds having a radiopaque marker and methods for attaching a marker to a scaffold
WO2017169177A1 (en) * 2016-03-28 2017-10-05 テルモ株式会社 Stent delivery system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1119379A1 (en) 2001-08-01
JP2002523186A (en) 2002-07-30
CA2338788A1 (en) 2000-03-09

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
WO2000012147A1 (en) Drug delivery device for stent
US6379379B1 (en) Stent with smooth ends
US5464450A (en) Biodegradable drug delivery vascular stent
Peng et al. Role of polymers in improving the results of stenting in coronary arteries
US5551954A (en) Biodegradable drug delivery vascular stent
US7806925B2 (en) Biodegradable drug delivery vascular stent
JP4806163B2 (en) Metal reinforced biodegradable endoluminal stent
US6979347B1 (en) Implantable drug delivery prosthesis
US20070038292A1 (en) Bio-absorbable stent
US8317857B2 (en) Biodegradable self-expanding prosthesis
US5957975A (en) Stent having a programmed pattern of in vivo degradation
US20040236415A1 (en) Medical devices having drug releasing polymer reservoirs
US5342348A (en) Method and device for treating and enlarging body lumens
KR100617375B1 (en) Stent for vessels
US6613084B2 (en) Stent having cover with drug delivery capability
US20020116050A1 (en) Stents with temporary retaining bands
WO2009089382A1 (en) Biodegradable self-expanding drug-eluting prosthesis
Nguyen et al. Biomaterials and stent technology
JPWO2007116646A1 (en) In vivo indwelling
Timmons Kytai T. Nguyen, Shih-Horng Su, Meital Zilberman, Pedram Bohluli, Peter Frenkel, Liping Tang, and Robert Eberhart University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas Dallas, Texas, USA
CA2408856A1 (en) Pharmaceutical composition and use for limiting acute or chronic closure of a vascular lumen

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AK Designated states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): CA JP

AL Designated countries for regional patents

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE

121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application
DFPE Request for preliminary examination filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date (pct application filed before 20040101)
ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref document number: 2338788

Country of ref document: CA

Ref country code: CA

Ref document number: 2338788

Kind code of ref document: A

Format of ref document f/p: F

ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref country code: JP

Ref document number: 2000 567257

Kind code of ref document: A

Format of ref document f/p: F

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 1999946670

Country of ref document: EP

WWP Wipo information: published in national office

Ref document number: 1999946670

Country of ref document: EP

WWW Wipo information: withdrawn in national office

Ref document number: 1999946670

Country of ref document: EP