WO1996000332A2

WO1996000332A2 - Beam interconnecting arrangement for buildings

Info

Publication number: WO1996000332A2
Application number: PCT/AT1995/000129
Authority: WO
Inventors: Bernard Douet
Original assignee: Bernard Douet
Priority date: 1994-06-23
Filing date: 1995-06-23
Publication date: 1996-01-04
Also published as: ATA124194A; DE19580671D2; AU2706495A; CZ382296A3; SK167296A3; AT405067B; WO1996000332A3

Abstract

A beam interconnecting arrangement for buildings has at least one building element shaped as a prism with an even number of edges, in particular an octagonal prism, whose edges form the beams. The beams that extend across the base or covering surface perpendicularly to each other, for example up to opposite corners of the base or covering surface, may form a grating. The beams (4, 6, 7), in particular those arranged on the base or covering surface, are provided at their connecting or joining points (nodes) with joining plates (20, 21; 30, 31; 34, 35; 38, 39; 50, 53) that can be coupled to each other by means of connecting elements (22, 26, 27, 33, 36, 42) that can be interconnected for example in the manner of a key and lock, recess and pin or the like. Screws that extend through bores in the joining plates, welds, rivets or the like are provided to definitively assemble the joining plates by frictional engagement.

Description

Arrangement for connecting beams in a building

The invention relates to an arrangement for connecting beams in a building with at least one component in the form of a straight, in particular octagonal prism, the edges of which form the beams, the base or cover surface possibly transverse to opposite corner points of the base or cover surface running bars form a rust.

From AT-PS 396 495 a versatile building has become known that can be built from prefabricated parts. This building is made up of prismatic room elements with an octagonal floor plan, whereby by arranging the octagonal room elements in any desired base areas can be achieved, the arrangement and assembly of the components can also take place in such a way that a smaller square room element is enclosed by four adjacent, octagonal room elements . The supporting structure consists of a steel skeleton for the room elements with an octagonal floor plan. The side surfaces of the room elements can optionally consist of facade elements or partition wall elements, but these can also be omitted in order to form rooms of any size. The supporting or floor elements of the floor or ceiling that cross the base or top surface of an octagonal room element and that lie opposite one another and that run in the corner points of the base or cover surface are designed as a bar grate that consists of four bars , two of which run parallel to each other, are of equal length and cross the other two parallel bars at right angles.

In skeleton buildings, the assembly work for connecting the elements forming the skeleton (beams, uprights, etc.), but also the connection of one must free floating beam on another, already fixed to the skeleton often under difficult conditions, such as unfavorable light and / or bad weather conditions such as rain, fog, wind, which can lead to delays in completion. To remedy this is one of the goals of the present invention, which is achieved with an arrangement of the type mentioned above, according to the invention, the beams, in particular those which are arranged in the base or top surface, at their connection or connection points (Knots) are provided with connection plates, or the like with provided on the connection plates, with one another, for example, in the manner of a lock and key, recess and pin. engaging connecting elements can be coupled and if necessary for the final non-positive connection of the connecting plates screws, which penetrate holes in the connecting plates or welding, riveting or the like. is provided. Due to the inventive equipment of the skeletal components, such as beams, supports and the like. with connection plates and the special design of these connection plates by providing interconnectable connecting elements, the connection of two beams or the connection of one beam to another beam already in the correct position in the building can be carried out very quickly, with the connecting elements at the assembly of the beams serve as a guide and the coupling of the beams is effected very quickly by the engagement of the connecting elements. Likewise, a bar can also be replaced in the opposite way by another, for example a stronger one, or an exchange can take place after a fire. If an element (bar) of the skeleton is to be inserted between two already fixed elements, one of these fixed elements can have a stop or a support on which the element to be inserted rests after it has been connected to the already fixed element by means of its connecting elements. however the skeleton element not having the stop was coupled. The stop or the support then holds the element to be inserted in a position in which the clamping screws in the holes in the connection plates to the final Fixation of the inserted element on the two elements already fixed in the skeleton can be used. For this purpose, a system is provided which is characterized in that at least one connecting plate, but preferably both connecting plates, of two connecting plates to be coupled to one another, a stop projecting above the connecting plane of the plates, preferably perpendicularly, for supporting the respectively adjacent connecting plate or on the adjacent connecting plate having.

In a further development it can be provided that the stop of one of the connection plates engages in a step-shaped recess of the adjacent connection plate which is open at the edge, the stop preferably adjoining the outer surface of the adjacent connection plate having the recess.

Another embodiment for this suggests that the stop with a pin or the like arranged parallel to the connection plane of the connection plate. is provided and the adjacent connection plate has a hole extending from the edge of the connection plate for receiving the pin. In a further embodiment of the invention there are two at a connection point

Provide the connecting plates of a pair of connecting plates, which interact with one another there, with through-bores for receiving clamping screws. This configuration enables a particularly rigid design of the connection point of two beams after the beams have been coupled by the engagement of the connecting elements of the connecting plates.

In a particularly simple manner, the beams to be coupled can be connected in the correct position if, in a special embodiment of the invention, of two coupling plates that can be coupled together, one with a protrusion protruding from the connection plane and the other connection plate with a recess for the particularly precise engagement of the projection is provided with it to be coupled connection plate.

When two beams are connected, the locking can be achieved in a particularly simple manner if the projection has an undercut in the region of its transition into the connection plane, for example as a T-shaped, dovetail-shaped or an essentially C-shaped outer circumference head is formed when the recess has a profile corresponding to the undercut of the projection, for example a T-shaped, dovetail or C-shaped groove. The mutual locking is achieved in a simple manner by introducing the projection of the one connection plate into the recess of the second connection plate to be connected to it. By the undercut of the projection or the recess, the connection plates are locked against a separation transverse to the course of the undercut.

A further embodiment of the subject matter of the invention provides that the connection plates to be coupled to one another are hooked to one another, wherein a pin projecting from the connection plane of the connection plate has an angle at its end and the adjacent connection plate has a through hole for the passage of the pin, after which Coupling of the two connection plates, the bend of the pin of the one connection plate engages behind the adjacent connection plate in the region of the edge of the through hole and the pin, together with the bend, secures the beams to be coupled against transverse and tensile forces until final fixing. When assembling an arrangement of the latter embodiment, the pin with its bend is pushed through the bore of the connecting plate of the adjacent beam and then the connecting plates are moved relative to each other transversely to the longitudinal axis of the pin, whereby the bend of the pin engages behind the adjacent connecting plate, thereby separating the adjacent beams by pulling on the beams in the longitudinal direction is no longer possible. By using dowel pins coupling and fixation of two beams can be achieved very quickly. The arrangement is designed in a special embodiment of the invention so that at least two dowel pins protrude from the connection plate level of one of two connection plates to be coupled with one another and the adjacent connection plate has through-bores for the precisely fitting reception of the dowel pins, the free ends of the dowel pins are provided with a thread and protrude from the through holes, whereby screw nuts can be screwed onto the ends of the dowel pins protruding from the through hole for the final non-positive fixation, or the ends of the dowel pins can be deformed to rivet heads, the ends of the dowel pins can be thread-free (smooth) Screws or rivet heads secure the beams against separation by relative movement of the beams both in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the dowel pins and transversely to the longitudinal axis. The connection of the dowel pins to the connection plate from which they protrude is designed to be rigid. In a particularly favorable manner, a rigid connection of the beams to be connected to one another can be achieved if the connecting plates are U-shaped in cross-section, the U-legs being of unequal length and in the space between the U-legs of a connecting plate the longer U-leg the adjacent plate can be inserted so that the connection plates are hooked together. In this construction, the securing of the beams against displacement transversely to the longitudinal axis of the beams is achieved in a simple manner if each web of the U-shaped cross section of the connecting plate is provided with a pin extending in the direction of the U-legs and extending into the space between the U-legs is and from the end face of each long U-leg a blind hole for the engagement of the pin. The final fixation of the beams is carried out as in the cases already described by screws and / or by riveting, welding or the like.

In a node of the skeleton, in which several beams and uprights converge, a connecting plate can form the side surface of a straight prism arranged in the area of a corner of the base or cover surface of the component or with the side surface of a connection plate for connecting the beams such prisms be firmly connected, the side surfaces of the prism serving for the connection of beams running perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the beams starting from the respective corner of the component and arranged in the base or top surface of the component. If a building is formed by lining up several prismatic room elements with an octagonal floor plan in such a way that adjacent prismatic room elements are adjacent to each other along a side edge of the base or top surface, then the bars forming the grate can be connected in the base or top surface of the A prismatic body is inserted into a corner of the component between the beams of the base or top surface, each of which there is an obtuse angle, the prismatic body having a surface that runs parallel to the longitudinal axis of one of the two beams that form an obtuse angle forms a connection plate for a bar forming a grate bar or is firmly connected to such a connection plate.

If the small square space elements, which result when the octagonal space elements are lined up between four adjacent octagonal space elements, are stiffened by beams, it is useful if a prismatic connector body is provided on the outside of one of the two beams enclosing an obtuse angle is, which has a connection surface which runs perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of that beam which points away from the beam to be provided with the connection body and is optionally intended for connection to a beam which runs in the diagonal of the square (square), which is between four adjacent octagonal components is present. The connection surfaces of two adjacent connection bodies of two adjoining spatial elements can also be used for fastening a plate bridging the gap between the connection bodies, as a result of which the adjoining components can also be connected to one another.

In one configuration of the arrangement according to the invention, the (vertical) side edges of the component can be designed as supporting columns of any profiling, for example also box profiles, such as pipes or polygonal cross-section. In a special version, the load-bearing columns have a double T cross-section and their end faces are aligned with the base or top surface the prismatic body arranged in the corners of the component for connecting the beams to the base or top surface of the component. In a further embodiment, however, the columns can also be formed by two T-beams, which touch one another along the side edge of a flange of the T-beam and are connected to one another, for example by welding along the contact edge, where appropriate the ends of the webs of the T- Carriers are also connected to one another, for example by welding and / or by means of an angle profile which bears against the webs of the carriers. The angle profile can be connected to the webs of the T-beams by welding, but also by screwing. By arranging an angle profile in the manner mentioned, the stability of the column is increased.

When using two double T-beams connected to one another along the mutually facing edges of the flanges to form the columns, different angles between the double T-beams can be achieved by shortening one of the two flanges of each of the double T-beams forming the column, whereby an adaptation of the column cross-section to the floor plan of the room element can be achieved.

To increase the stability of the column, a stiffening plate can be arranged between the abutting edges of the flanges of the double T-beams and connected to the flanges, for example by welding.

Since high demands are made on the quality of all welding work to be carried out on the skeleton of the building, it is advisable not to carry out the welding by hand, but instead to use welding robots that allow a uniform quality of the welding and, through appropriate programming, also a constant form of the welding ensure, while avoiding hazardous working conditions (ozone impact on the workers, flying sparks, noise and effort), as they occur with manual welding. The welding can be carried out in a separate welding plant, so that already welded components to the construction site can be delivered and only the assembly of the components to form a skeleton is to be carried out at the construction site. The welding operations can also be programmed so that the program can be easily used in different locations, ensuring that the welding is carried out in the same way at different locations, thereby ensuring the quality of the welding regardless of where it is made.

The so-called fusion welding process (aluminothermic crucible welding) can also be used as a visual process.

In a special embodiment of the arrangement according to the invention, the screw connection of the connection plates with the prismatic connection bodies can be carried out in such a way that sleeves are inserted into the prismatic connection body or into the prism, in which rotatably, possibly also firmly connected to the inner wall of the sleeve, nuts for threaded bolts Fixation of the connection plates are arranged and that grease can be introduced into the sleeve as corrosion protection, if necessary. This configuration also makes it possible to deliver the connection bodies already completely prepared for the connection of connection plates to beams to the construction site and to use only the threaded bolts there in order to finally fix the beams to the connection body. In a further embodiment of the invention, the nut can be guided in a rotationally locking manner in the sleeve, but can be displaced in the axial direction of the sleeve between two stops, one of which preferably forms a base of the sleeve, e.g. screwed cover is formed.

Maximum bending moments or maximum transverse forces must not occur at the connection points or the connection points of the beams, so that the connected beam can maintain its position until it is finally fixed.

In one embodiment of the arrangement according to the invention, soundproof and / or heat-insulating intermediate layers, which are resistant to pressure and can be compressed in a compressive manner, can be arranged between the connection plates. Can be used as material for the intermediate layers optionally used by inlays, for example steel wires, reinforced rubber sheets, elastomers and other plastics.

Furthermore, all beams or pillars and connecting elements of a building which is produced using the arrangement according to the invention can be provided with a soundproof or heat-insulating and flame-resistant layer which is resistant to physical effects from outside (impact), e.g. by vulcanization, by using self-vulcanizing mixtures, by immersion in baths, spraying and other types of coating, in a non-detachable manner. The sound and / or heat-insulating and flame-resistant layer protects against chemical aggressive effects from the environment and has a certain elasticity, as well as the intermediate layers between the connection plates, whereby even a certain earthquake resistance can be achieved and deformations under temperature fluctuations can be compensated.

The layer for covering the beams can be made in light color or in white. In addition to reducing the absorption of heat rays, the coloring can also achieve a psychological advantage, since it is known that friendly colors have a beneficial effect on the psyche of people.

All of the expansion elements used in the building, e.g. wall, floor and ceiling elements that are used in the skeleton, can also be coated or encased with heat and / or sound-insulating materials, provided that these materials prevent the expansion elements from breathing can also consist of concrete or wood, do not hinder. The penetration of water, which increases the transport weight in the case of transport and leads to the expansion elements bursting in frost, is avoided by enveloping the expansion elements. The energy required to heat the building is reduced by the thermal insulation achieved by coating the finishing elements. Disks made of the same material as the coating can be interposed between rivet heads or between screw heads and the connection plates. Earthing of the entire building, made up of expansion elements or skeletons, must not impair thermal or sound insulation to be available. In this case, electrically conductive tapes, for example consisting of wire mesh, which are conductively connected to the end region of each bar, can be used at the joints of the bars.

The coating of the elements forming the skeleton and the expansion elements with heat and / or sound-insulating materials facilitates their handling for the assembly work, e.g. in frost, heat, etc., and also by the arrangement of intermediate layers between the connection plates, a greater acoustic and thermal protective effect, reduces the development of acoustic resonance and has a reduction in the intensity of structure-borne, air and impact sound for the entire structure Episode.

The invention is illustrated below with reference to the drawings, which illustrate exemplary embodiments of the subject matter of the invention. Show:

^■ Fig. 1 is a plan view of a building from components in the form of straight octagonal prisms,

2 shows a plan view of an octagonal component, FIG. 3 shows an embodiment modified from FIG. 1, FIG. 4 shows another variant of a building in plan view, FIGS. 5 to 22 show different arrangements for connecting beams, FIG. 5 being a graph shows two bars to be connected,

Fig. 6 is a detail of Fig. 5, the

7 to 9 illustrate a first embodiment for connecting beams in side and front view (FIG. 9), which

10 and 11 a second embodiment of a connection in the disassembled and assembled state, each in side view, the

12 and 13 in a similar representation as FIGS. 10 and 11, a third embodiment of a connection, the

14 and 15 in side and front view of a fourth embodiment of a compound according to the invention, the 16 to 20, a fifth embodiment of the connection arrangement, etc. Fig. 16 in the assembled state in side view, the

17 and 18 in side and front view of one of the elements from FIG. 16, and FIGS. 19 and 20 the second of the elements from FIG. 16, also in front and

Play side view that

21 and 22 illustrate further modified embodiments of a connection arrangement compared to FIG. 16. They also show

23 to 26 nodes at the corner points of a component, with FIG. 23 showing the node labeled A in FIG. 4 in more detail, this in FIG

Top view that

24 and 25 the knot designated B in Fig. 4 in plan and side view, and

26 shows the knot denoted by C in FIG. 3, FIGS. 27 and 28 in plan and side view a knot in the area of two abutting prismatic, octagonal spatial elements,

29 is a plan view of a first embodiment of a vertical column,

FIG. 30 shows an embodiment of a column modified compared to FIG. 29, FIGS. 31 and 32 in a section a detail for receiving a column

Fixing screw for a knot construction, as shown in more detail in FIGS. 23-28, the

33 and 34 a beam connection with the interposition of a sound insulation element, FIG. 35 the formation of a beam with a connection point for a further beam enclosing a right angle with the beam,

FIG. 36 shows an embodiment modified from FIG. 2 and

37 shows an embodiment modified from FIG. 1. The 38-49 show embodiments of connection plates as they can be used when a bar is to be inserted between two bars which are still spaced apart but are already fastened.

The building, in which the arrangement according to the invention for connecting beams can be used, consists of any number of octagonal space elements 1 in the plan. Adjacent space elements 1 have common sides, and four adjacent space elements 1 can be joined together in such a way that a square space element 2 of them is enclosed. Supporting columns 3 are arranged in the corners of each octagonal spatial element 1. At those corners that coincide with corners of adjacent spatial elements, the columns 3 form common columns 3 '. Each column of an octagonal room element 1 is connected to an opposite column by a bar crossing the base or top surface of the room element in such a way that a bar grate is formed from four bars 4, of which two bars run parallel to one another and have the same length. The other two bars of the grate, which are also of equal length, cross the two bars mentioned above at right angles. For example, the support columns 3 'can be connected to their respective adjacent support columns by the edge beams 5 following the plan sides of the octagonal space elements, which form common edge beams 5' on those sides which coincide with the sides of adjacent octagonal space elements.

In the spatial element 1 shown in Fig. 2, all four beams of the grating are of equal length and each consist of two parts 6 and 7, which at the crossing points of the grating with the longer part 6 of the right-angled beam by a rigid construction 8, the closer 35 is connected.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 3, the distance 9 of a parallel to the common sides 10 of adjacent room elements 1 and closer beam of the grating from the common side 10 formed by a single bar or two adjacent bars is half the distance 11 between the parallel beams of the grating. Fig. 4 illustrates in plan a building form, in which the beams 4 of the beam gratings which abut one another at the ends of the common side surfaces of adjacent octagonal spatial elements are connected by a rigid construction 12, which is shown in more detail in FIGS. 23 and 26. 5 Fig. 5 shows the connection of two bars 6 and 7, in particular the

Beam grate, with at least one connecting plate 50 forming a head plate. The connection plate 53 is provided with hooks (which can no longer be seen in the drawing) which engage in openings 51 and 52 of the connection plate 50 and engage behind them.

10 Fig. 6 shows in detail in plan view the connection plate 50 with the

Breakthroughs 51 and 52, which are keyhole-like or narrowing and are intended to receive the aforementioned hooks. After the hooks are inserted into the openings 51 and 52, the bars 6, 7 are temporarily connected to one another. By inserting the hooks into the openings 51 or

15 52 a connection point is created between the beams 6, 7, which fulfills the supporting function before the final fixation. The final non-positive fixation, which also partially takes over the forces and moments that act on the building, is then carried out by means of screws which pass through holes 25 in the two connecting plates 50, 53. The final non-positive fixation

20 or the like instead of by screws or in addition to these, by welding, riveting or the like. respectively. Even after the final fixation, the hooks perform a safety function if a fixing screw gives way or breaks and allows the replacement of screws without running the risk of the beams separating.

25 According to FIGS. 7 to 9, the connection plates 38 and 39 are in cross section

U-shaped. The U-legs 40 and 45 are of unequal length, and the longer U-leg 45 of the adjacent connecting plate can be inserted into the space between the U-legs 40, 45 of a connecting plate 38, 39, so that the connecting plates 38 , 39 are hooked together.

30th In order to secure the connecting plates 38, 39 against displacement transversely to the longitudinal direction of the bar provided with the connecting plates 38, 39, each web 31 of the U cross section of the connecting plates 38 and 39 has a pin 42 running in the direction of the U-legs, which in the Space protrudes between the legs 5 of each connection plate and can be brought into engagement with a blind bore 43 extending from the end face 44 of each longer U-leg 45.

The assembled position is shown in Fig. 8. The connection plates 38 and 39 are clamped against each other by means of screws 28 which penetrate the bores 25 in the longer legs 45 and are finally fixed. They also transfer the loads that occur during operation.

In the embodiment according to FIGS. 10 to 13, the connecting plates 34 and 35 to be coupled together can be hooked together. In this

Embodiment is in each case a pin projecting from the connection level of a connection plate, rigidly connected to the respective connection plate 34

15 36 provided at its end with a bend 54 or a head and the adjacent connection plate 35 or 34 has a through hole 37 for the

• Passage of the pin 36 together with the bend or head. In the assembled

State, the bend 54 or the head engages behind the connecting plate 35 or

34 in the area of the edge of the respective through hole 37 and connects the 0 provided with the connecting plates 34 and 35 beams, their final

Connection is made by screws which pass through the connecting plates 34, 35

(Figs. 11 and 13).

In the embodiment according to FIGS. 10 and 11, four pins 36 protrude from a connecting plate 34, the bend 54 of these pins all pointing in the same direction.

In the embodiment according to FIGS. 12 and 13, each connection plate 34 or 35 carries a pair of pins 36 (only one of which is shown), the angled portions of the pins 36 projecting from a connection plate 35 pointing in the opposite direction to that Angles 54 of the second

30 connecting plate protruding pins 36. In the embodiments according to FIGS. 10-13, the bores 37 in the connecting plates each have to be selected in diameter so that the pin 37 together with its bend 54 or the head can be pushed through at its free end. In the embodiment shown in Figs. 14 and 15 are of the

Connection level of one of the two connecting plates 30, 31 to be coupled together from at least two, preferably four dowel pins 33. The connecting plate 30 adjacent to the connecting plate 30 has through bores 32 for the precisely fitting reception of the dowel pins 33. The free ends of the dowel pins 33 can carry an external thread and protrude from the through holes 32. Screw nuts 55 for final fixing of the connecting plates 30, 31 can be screwed onto the ends of the locating pins 33 which protrude from the through bores 32 and are provided with an external thread. The plates 31, 30 are pressed together so strongly by the screw nuts 55 that the connection between the beams, on the end faces of which the connecting beams 30, 31 are fixed, is rigid. The free ends of the dowel pins 33 can also be deformed into rivet heads after they have been passed through the through bores 32, the two connecting plates 30, 31 also being riveted to one another. Welding of the connection plates 30, 31 is also possible. In this case, the free ends of the dowel pins 33 do not have to protrude beyond the adjacent connection plate 30 after they have been inserted into their through bores 32. In this case, the through holes can be replaced by blind holes.

16 - 22, the two connection plates 20, 21 to be connected to one another are provided with a projection 23 protruding from the connection plane or with a recess 24 for a precisely fitting engagement of the projection 23 of the one connection plate 21 with the connection plate 20 to be coupled with it Mistake.

The projection 23 is shaped according to FIGS. 16 to 20 as a head 22 which is T-shaped in cross section. The connection plate 20 then has a head 22 in cross section corresponding, also T-shaped recess 24 into which the head 22 can be inserted. The recess 24 and the head 22 each take up only a part of the height, in particular only half the height of the connection plate on which they are arranged. 21 and 22 show a dovetail shape of the

Projection 23 or a C-shaped profile of the head 27.

The connection plates 20, 21 of FIGS. 16 to 22 are further provided with four through bores 25, into which screws 28 can be passed after the assembly for the permanent fixing of the connection plates 20, 21. The plates 20, 21 can be fastened to the end faces of beams which form the octagonal prism, in particular by welding.

As shown in FIGS. 23-26 for nodes in which a plurality of beams meet, one of the connecting plates for a beam forms the side surface 62 of a straight prism 61 arranged in the area of one corner of the base and cover surface of the component however, also be firmly connected to the side surface 62 of such a prism 61, for example by screwing or welding. The side surfaces 62 of the prism 61 each run perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the beams 4, 5 extending from the respective corner of the component and arranged in the base or cover surface of the component Structure made of vertically arranged columns 56, which form side edges of the component. 23-26, the columns 56 have a double T cross-section and are connected with their end faces, possibly with the interposition of a plate, by welding or screwing to the base or top surface of the prism 61. 27 and 28 illustrate a corner formation as it comes about when two components, each of which is designed as an octagonal prism, are arranged abutting one another, with a beam 5a of the base or top surface of the one (octagonal) prism parallel to a beam 5a of the base or top surface of the adjacent component is arranged. In the corner of the component there is an obtuse angle between them a prismatic body 63 is used to enclose beams 5, 5a of the base and top surface of the component. This body 63 has a surface 64 which extends parallel to the longitudinal axis of the beam 5a of the two beams 5, 5a which form an obtuse angle with one another. The surface 64 forms a connecting plate for a beam 4 of the grate arranged in the base or top surface of the component.

Furthermore, a prismatic connection body 65, 65a can be provided on the outside of the beam 5 of the two beams 5, 5a enclosing an obtuse angle, each of these connection bodies having a connection surface 66 which runs perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of that beam 5a, which extends from the one with the connecting body 65, 65a pointing away 5 bars. The connecting bodies 65, 65a can be intended for connection to a bar 5b (FIG. 1), which runs in the diagonal of the square 2, which is formed between four adjacent octagonal components 1. It goes without saying that a bar, not shown in FIG. 1 and running perpendicular to the bar 5b, can be arranged in the second diagonal of the square 2 in order to further increase the stiffening effect which is already achieved by the one bar 5b.

In the column 67 shown in plan view in FIG. 29, two T-beams 67a, 67b are provided, which are arranged to form the column along the side edge 70 of a flange 69 of the T-beam in contact with one another and connected to one another along the contact edge, for example by welding are. The webs 71 of the T-beams 67a, 67b can also be connected to one another by welding, provided that they touch one another.

In order to stiffen the column 67, an angle profile 74 can be provided, which rests with its legs 72, 73 on the webs 71 of the T-beams 67a, 67b and there firmly with the webs, for example by means of screws, rivets or the like. or is connected by welding. Outer wall elements (facade elements) 87 can be connected to the flanges 69 and inner wall elements 88 to the webs 71. The one between the outer wall elements 87 and the inner wall elements 88 remaining space can be used for insulation and / or installation purposes, for example to accommodate heating pipes or the like. electrical lines are used.

The column 68 shown in FIG. 30 is formed by two double T-beams 68a, 68b, which abut the ends of both flanges 75, 76 and are firmly connected to one another there. The two flanges 75, 76 of each of the double T-beams are of unequal length, so that when the double T-beams 68a, 68b are joined together, an angle is formed between the beams, the size of which depends on the length of the shortened flange 75 of each of the double Ts -Carrier depends. A stiffening plate 77 can be arranged between the abutting edges of the flanges 75, 76 of the double T-beams 68a, 68b. Similar to the embodiment according to FIG. 29, outer wall elements 87 and inner wall elements 88 can be connected to the flanges 76 and 75.

31 and 32, sleeves 78 and 79 can be inserted into the prismatic connecting body 61 or into the prism 63, 66, into which nuts 80 are connected in a rotationally locking, possibly also fixed (FIG. 31) manner to the inner wall of the sleeve and 81 are arranged, into which (not shown) threaded bolts can be screwed in order to connect the connection plates to the prismatic connection body 61 or the prism 63, 66 in a manner as shown schematically in FIGS. 23 to 26. Grease can be introduced into the sleeves 78, 79 for the purpose of corrosion protection.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 32, the nut 81 is arranged to be displaceable in the axial direction of the sleeve 79, but is held in the sleeve 79 in a rotationally locking manner. For this purpose, the sleeve 79 can have an outline that deviates from the circular shape, or the displacement in the axial direction can also be brought about by arranging a wedge which ensures that the nut 81 is secured against rotation. The nut 81 is displaceable between two stops 82 and 83. The stop 82 is hereby formed by a shoulder of the through opening of the sleeve 79. The second stop 83 is formed by a cover 84 screwed into the sleeve 79, which is also available for assembly reasons for the nut 81 and is screwed into the sleeve 79 after the assembly of the nut 81. The openings of the sleeves 79 can through Plastic caps must be closed to prevent dirt from entering during transport or to prevent the grease filling from escaping.

Soundproofing intermediate layers 85, 86 can be arranged between adjacent connection plates, as shown in FIGS. 33 and 34 for the connection plates described there with 20 and 21, which are firmly connected to the end faces of double T-beams, for example by welding. The sound-absorbing intermediate layers form load-bearing and resistant insulating elements which can be deformed by expansion or compression and which can also have heat-insulating properties. The intermediate layers 85 and 86 are preferably made of plastic (elastomers) or rubber. Rubber sheets can be reinforced by inserts, in particular those made from steel wire or steel grids. The intermediate layers 85 and 86 give the skeleton structure a certain elasticity, but do not cancel out the bending stiffness of the connection between the connection plates 20 and 21. Intermediate layers 85 and 86 can be arranged in a beam skeleton at all connection and connection points of two beams between the connection plates. It is also possible to insert a steel plate, which may be coated with insulating material, between two intermediate layers 86 (FIG. 34). Finally, all beams or pillars can be covered with a sound and / or heat-insulating layer. The covering can also be provided with substances to increase the flame resistance. The covering can preferably be produced from a light, in particular white material, in order to reflect radiation. The elasticity of the entire skeleton, which can be achieved by the arrangement of intermediate layers between the connection plates, is also advantageous against earthquakes since the entire system is given a certain degree of flexibility.

35 shows a connection plate 21, on which a beam perpendicular to the longitudinal extent of the beam carrying the connection plate 21 can be connected, as is required, for example, for connecting the bar parts 7 to the bar parts 6 of the grate (FIG. 2).

In the embodiment according to FIG. 36, the upright located at the bottom right in FIG. 2 is displaced outwards, so that a 7-corner is formed, the lower boundary of which forms a right angle with the right lateral boundary. In this version, too, there is a bar grate in the base and in the top surface made up of four bars that cut at right angles and are rigidly connected. This makes it possible to omit disturbing columns in the corner points of the octagon and, as mentioned above, to move them outwards, thereby forming a 7-corner. All four bars can be the same length as in Fig. 2 and each bar can consist of two parts 6 and 7, which are connected at the crossing points of the grating with the longer part 6 of the right-angle crossing beam by a rigid construction 8.

According to FIG. 37, the uprights at the ends of the central horizontal bar are shifted outwards from two with their horizontal bars at mutually adjacent 8 corners (FIG. 1) until they are in alignment with the bars perpendicular to the horizontal bars. There are no longer any protruding bars between two adjacent 8 corners (different from FIG. 1). At the octagon thus formed, octagons can be connected as in FIG. 1. 38-49 show arrangements of connection plates 20, 21 as they can be used when a bar, for example according to FIG. 38 a bar which has the connection plate 21, is inserted between two elements (bars) which have already been fixed 38, one of which is provided, for example, with an end plate designated by 20 in FIG. 38. In order to insert the element (bar) provided with the end plate 21, the end plate 20, whose associated bar (not shown in the drawing) is already fixed, is provided with a stop 100, on which the connecting plate 21 of the element to be inserted rests after it was coupled to the already fixed beam element by means of its connecting elements. The stop 100 then holds the bar to be inserted, which is provided with the connecting plate 21 according to FIG. 38, in one position the clamping screws 28 into the bores 25 of the connecting plates 20, 21 for the final fixing of the inserted element, ie the element having the connecting plate 21, in the two already fixed elements, of which only the element having the connecting plate 20 can be used .

38, 40, 42, 44, 46 and 48 each show the terminal plates 20 and 21 before assembly.

39, 41, 43, 45, 47 and 49 then show the plates after the assembly. In the embodiment according to FIGS. 38-45, a connection plate is provided with a stop 100. This stop 100 serves to support the adjacent connection plate, as shown in FIGS. 38-41, or to rest on the adjacent connection plate, as shown in FIGS. 42-45.

40, 41, 44 and 45 as well as 48 and 49 show an embodiment in which the stop 100 of one of the connection plates engages in an open, step-shaped recess 101 of the adjacent connection plate. The step-shaped recess can be dimensioned such that the stop 100 is flush with the outer surface of the adjacent connecting plate having the recess 100. As shown in FIGS. 47-49, both connection plates 20 and 21 can each be provided with a stop 100, each of the stops 100 resting on an outer surface of the adjacent connection plate or resting on this surface, as shown in FIG. 47 and 49 clarify.

42, 43 and 46 and 47 show an embodiment in which the stop 100 or the like is arranged with a pin 102 arranged parallel to the connecting plane of the connecting plate. is provided and the adjacent connection plate has a hole 103 extending from the edge of the connection plate for receiving the pin 102.

The beams that form the load-bearing skeleton of the building (possibly also those that form the grating) and uprights can consist of hollow profiles that if necessary, also be filled at the nodes at the construction site with a mass that maintains their load-bearing capacity even under high thermal loads (fire), for example concrete, reinforced concrete and / or plastic or reinforced plastic, for example by injection. The beams and uprights form the formwork when the compound is injected. After the mass has hardened, the formwork can be partially or completely removed, but can also remain as lost formwork on the building, in which case the formwork could consist of air-permeable material. However, it is also possible to erect a skeleton, to surround its beams and uprights and their connections with a formwork which is spaced all around from the beams and uprights and their connections, and to use the space between the formwork and beams, uprights and their connections Fill the mass (as previously described). After the mass has hardened, the formwork can also be partially removed, for example, or remain as lost formwork. A skeleton is then created, in which the beams stand and their connections form a reinforcement within the hardened mass. Wall elements that have no supporting function can then be inserted into this skeleton.

The beams and uprights can be formed by pipes or box sections. A box section can also be formed by two double-T, which are arranged so that they abut the edges of the flanges and there firmly with each other, e.g. by welding, screwing, riveting or the like. are connected so that the cavity is formed between the webs and the adjacent flanges.

With regard to the carrying of the beam filling, the beams themselves can be dimensioned smaller in cross-section, or the same cross-section results in higher load-bearing capacity after filling.

Claims

Claims:

1. Arrangement for connecting beams in a building with at least one component in the form of a straight, in particular octagonal prism, the edges of which form the beams, the base or top surface possibly crossing, arranged at right angles to one another, e.g. Beams running to opposite corner points of the base or cover surface form a grate, characterized in that the beams (4, 6, 7), in particular those which are arranged in the base or cover surface, at their connection or connection points (Nodes) are provided with connection plates (20, 21; 30, 31; 34, 35; 38, 39; 50, 53), which are connected to one another by, for example, provided on the connection plates in the manner of a lock and key, recess and pin or the like. engageable Verbindungsele ducks (22, 26, 27, 33, 36, 42), can be coupled and that, if necessary, for the final non-positive connection of the connection plates screws which penetrate holes in the connection plates, or a welding, riveting or the like. are provided.

2. Arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that at a junction of two bars (eg 6, 7) there interacting connection plates (20, 21; 30, 31; 34, 35; 38, 39; 50, 53) of a pair of connection plates are provided with holes (25) for receiving tensioning screws (28).

3. Arrangement according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that of two interconnectable connection plates (20, 21) with a protruding from the connection plate level projection (23) and the other connection plate (20) with a recess (24) for the particular precisely fitting engagement of the projection (23) of the connecting plate (21) to be coupled with it and that the projection (23) and the recess (24) ends within the plane of the connecting plate (20, 21) (Fig. 16 to 22).

4. Arrangement according to claim 3, characterized in that the projection (23) in the region of its transition into the connection plate level Has an undercut, for example a T-shaped, dovetail-shaped head or a substantially C-shaped outer circumference (22, 26, 27) and that the recess (24) has a profile corresponding to the undercut of the projection (23), for example a T -shaped, 5 dovetail or C-shaped groove.

5. Arrangement according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the connecting plates to be coupled together (34, 35) are hooked together, each projecting from the connecting plate plane pin (36) at its end has an angle (54) and the adjacent Connection plate (35 or 34) 0 has a through hole (37) for the passage of the pin (36), the bend (54) engaging behind the connection plate (35 or 34) in the region of the edge of the through hole (37) (Fig. 10 to 13) and the pin (36) together with the bend (54) secures the beams to be coupled against lateral and tensile forces until final fixation. 5

6. Arrangement according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that of the

Connection plate level one of two connection plates (30,

^'31) projecting at least two alignment pins (33) and the adjacent connecting plate (30)

Has through holes (32) for receiving the dowel pins (33), the free ends of the dowel pins (33) being threaded and protruding from the 0 through holes (32), with the ends of the dowel pins protruding from the through hole (32) (33) for the final, force-locking fixation, screw nuts (55) can be screwed on or the ends of the dowel pins can be deformed to rivet heads, the ends of the dowel pins can be thread-free (smooth) (Fig. 14, 15). 5 7. Arrangement according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the

Connection plates (38, 39) are U-shaped in cross section, the U-legs (40, 45) are of unequal length and in the space between the U-legs (40, 45) of a connection plate (38 and 39), respectively the longer U-leg (45) of the adjacent plate can be pushed in, so that the connecting plates (38, 39) are 0 hooked together (Fig.

7 to 9).

8. Arrangement according to claim 7, characterized in that each web (41) of the U-shaped cross section of the connection plate (38, 39) with a in the direction of the U-legs (40, 45) extending pin (42) and is provided the end face (44) of each long U-leg (45) starts a blind hole (43) for the engagement of the pin (42) (Fig. 7 to 9).

9. Arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that one of the connection plates (20, 21; 30, 31; 34, 35; 38, 39; 50, 53) the side surface (62) of a straight, in the area forms a prism (61) arranged at a corner of the base or top surface of the component or is firmly connected to the side surface (62) of such a prism (61), the side surfaces (62) of the prism (61) serving to connect beams perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the beams (4, 5) extending from the respective corner of the component and arranged in the base or top surface of the component (FIGS. 23 to 26).

10. Arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that in one corner of the component between each there is a blunt

Angled bars (5, 5a) of the base or top surface of a component are inserted into a prismatic body (63) which has a surface running parallel to the longitudinal axis of (5a) of the two bars (5, 5a) enclosing an obtuse angle (64), which forms a connection plate for a bar (4) forming a grate bar or is firmly connected to such a connection plate (FIGS. 27, 28).

11. The arrangement according to claim 10, characterized in that on the outside of one (5) of the two at an obtuse angle enclosing beams (5, 5a) a prismatic connector body (65,65a) is provided which has a connection surface (66), which runs perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of that beam (5a) which points away from the beam (5) to be provided with the connecting body (65.65a) and is optionally intended for connection to a beam (5b) which is in the diagonal of the square (square) runs, which arises between four adjacent octagonal components (1) (Fig. 27, 28).

12. Arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the side edges of the component form supporting columns (56, 67, 68).

13. The arrangement according to claim 12, characterized in that the supporting columns (56) have a double T cross-section and with their end face each with the base or top surface of the prismatic body (61) arranged in the corners of the component for connecting the beams (4, 5) of the base or top surface of the component are connected (Fig. 23 - 25).

14. Arrangement according to claim 12, characterized in that the columns

(67) are formed by two T-beams (67a, 67b) which touch each other along the side edge (70) of a flange (69) of the T-beam and e.g. are connected to one another by welding, and that if necessary the ends of the webs (71) of the T-beams (67a, 67b) e.g. are also connected to one another by welding and / or by an angle profile (74) which bears against the webs (71) of the supports (67a, 67b) with its legs (72, 73) (FIG. 29).

15. The arrangement according to claim 12, characterized in that the columns

(68) are formed by two double T-beams (68a, 68b) which abut the ends of their flanges (75, 76) and are firmly connected to one another there, the two flanges (75, 76) of each of the double Ts - Carriers (68a, 68b) are not of the same length (Fig. 30).

16. The arrangement according to claim 15, characterized in that a stiffening plate (77) is arranged between the abutting edges of the flanges (75, 76) of the double T-beams (68a, 68b).

17. Arrangement according to one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that in the prismatic connector body (61) or in the prism (63, 66) sleeves (78, 79) are inserted, in which rotationally, optionally also firmly, with connected to the inner wall of the sleeve, nuts (80, 81) for threaded bolts for fixing the connecting plates are arranged and that grease can be introduced into the sleeve (78, 79) as corrosion protection (FIGS. 31, 32).

18. The arrangement according to claim 17, characterized in that the nut (81) in the sleeve (79) rotationally but in the axial direction of the sleeve (79), is displaceably guided between two stops (82, 83), one of which (83) is preferably formed by a cover (84) forming the sleeve base, for example screwed into the sleeve (79) (FIG. 32).

19. Arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that between the connecting plates (20, 21; 30, 31; 34, 35; 38, 39; 50, 53) sound-absorbing intermediate layers (85, 86), e.g. Rubber plates, which may be reinforced by inserts, in particular made of steel, are arranged (FIGS. 33, 34).

20. Arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 19, characterized in that all bars or columns, optionally also in the of the bars or

Column-formed skeleton used expansion elements (wall, floor and ceiling elements) are covered with a sound and / or heat-insulating, in particular flame-resistant, layer.

21. The arrangement according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that at least one of two connection plates (20, 21) to be coupled together

Connection plate (20), but preferably both connection plates (20, 21), has a stop (100) projecting above the connection plane of the plates, preferably perpendicularly, for supporting the respectively adjacent connection plate or on the respectively adjacent connection plate (21, 20) (Fig. 38-49).

22. The arrangement according to claim 21, characterized in that the stop

(100) one of the connection plates engages in a step-shaped recess (101) of the adjacent connection plate which is open at the edge, the stop (100) preferably connecting flush to the outer surface of the adjacent connection plate having the recesses (101) (FIGS. 40, 41, 44, 45 , 48, 49).

23. The arrangement according to claim 21 or 22, characterized in that the

Stop (100) with a pin (102) or the like arranged parallel to the connection plane of the connection plate. is provided and the adjacent connection plate has a hole (103) extending from the edge of the connection plate for receiving the pin (102) (FIGS. 42, 43, 46, 47).

24. A process for producing a building skeleton using interconnected beams, characterized in that the beams are used as formwork for the skeleton or for a section of the skeleton, the cavities of the beams having a hardening mass, e.g. Concrete to be filled.

25. The method according to claim 24, characterized in that the hardening mass is injected into the cavities of the beams under pressure.

26. The method according to claim 24 or 25, characterized in that the beams remain in place after hardening of the mass and form a lost formwork.