US3163201A - Process and apparatus for producing conductive sheet material having low power losses - Google Patents
Process and apparatus for producing conductive sheet material having low power losses Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3163201A US3163201A US87444A US8744461A US3163201A US 3163201 A US3163201 A US 3163201A US 87444 A US87444 A US 87444A US 8744461 A US8744461 A US 8744461A US 3163201 A US3163201 A US 3163201A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- sheet
- power losses
- rollers
- sheet material
- low power
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D1/00—Straightening, restoring form or removing local distortions of sheet metal or specific articles made therefrom; Stretching sheet metal combined with rolling
- B21D1/02—Straightening, restoring form or removing local distortions of sheet metal or specific articles made therefrom; Stretching sheet metal combined with rolling by rollers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
- C21D8/1216—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties the working step(s) being of interest
- C21D8/1233—Cold rolling
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/02—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of metals or alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
- C21D8/1216—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties the working step(s) being of interest
- C21D8/1238—Flattening; Dressing; Flexing
Definitions
- Our present invention relates to the manufacture of conductive sheet material and, more particularly, to a process and an apparatus for producing sheet-metal bodies such as plates, bands and strips which have low power losses and which may therefore be used economically for electric transducers (e.g. transformers), electromechanical machines (e.g. motors and generators) and the like.
- electric transducers e.g. transformers
- electromechanical machines e.g. motors and generators
- Conductive plates, bands and strips adapted to be used in the above-mentioned electric devices and in others wherein low power losses due to eddy-current effects are required, have been manufactured hitherto by processes in which the raw high-loss sheets and strips are finished by annealing and subsequent cold working to improve their electrical performance.
- the cold working generally involved the passing of the sheet material between the rollers of a conventional cold-rolling mill, usually under tension and in a repeated operation to realize the desired effect.
- These cold-rolling processes necessitated considerable deformation, often reducing the bulk of the sheets by about upon each pass between the rollers, in order to reduce the loss factor of the material to any satisfactory extent.
- the rollers utilized in these processes experienced substantial Wear and required frequent adjustment and/or replacement while the finished sheet was always of diminished thickness.
- Other known sheettreating processes for reducing power losses were equally unsatisfactory.
- Still another object of the present invention is to provide means for reducing the power losses of such sheets without permanently deforming them.
- metallic plates and strips having relatively high power losses may be treated to reduce these losses by a process in which each part of a sheet-metal body having the desired final thickness is alternately bent in opposite directions and thereafter straightened substantially without compression.
- the sheet may thus be passed through a corrugating device having a plurality of spaced-apart rollers alternatingly engaging the sheet on opposite sides thereof and extending transversely to the direction of travel of the sheet. ing configuration and thereafter drawn from the device as a flattened body.
- the finished material will then be found to have substantially reduced power losses and a thickness generally equal to that of the starting material.
- the sheet is, moreover, heat-treated or annealed during corrugation or subsequently thereto to complete and perpetuate the rearrangement of its molecular structure.
- the corrugating device is, according to a more specific feature of the invention, disposed adjacent an annealing furnace through which the sheet passes during or after its mechanical deformation.
- the rollers of the device are then advantageously provided with cooling means adapted to regulate the temperature of the sheet.
- the process according to the invention does not require frequent adjustment and replacement of the deforming rollers. a sheet pass through the same sequence of deformations. Sheets treated by our process, therefore, have reproducible power factors and other electrical and magnetic characteristics which are substantially uniform over their entire length and width. The effects of the rollers are cumulative up to a point, hence an increase in the number of rollers will oftenaiford greater improvement,
- a conventionally manufactured metal sheet or strip 1 with the usual high power losses emerges hot from a heating chamber 3a, advancing in the direction of arrowA between two sets of opposing rollers 2, 2 of a corrugating device 26 and thence passing through an annealing furnace 3b.
- anytwo rollers 2 and 2' which may be individually or jointly adjustable as indicated by the arrows C and C, is always greater 7 than the thickness of the sheet-metal body 1 so that the latter will not undergo any compression on its passage through the device 20.
- the rollers 2, 2' temporarily deform the sheet 1 into an undulating pattern which remains stationary as the sheet advances through the heating Zone 3a, 3b.
- the exact sheet temperature during deformation may be further controlled by passing a cooling (or heating) fluid through the rollers as is well known per se.
- the apparatus shown in the drawing may constitute one of the stages of a plant for the continuous manufacture of sheet-metal plates, strips and
- the heating chamber 3a may be constituted by the final hot-rolling stage from which the sheets emerge with substantially their design thickness.
- a process for reducing the electric power losses of a sheet-metal body comprising the steps of heating said body to ailelevated temperature close to the recrystalli zation temperature of the metal, bending the heated body in an undulating pattern Without substantial alteration of the dimensions thereof, straightening 'said body and annealing said body.
- f v a 3 A process for reducing the electric power losses of a sheetemetal body, comprising the steps of progressively advancing said body through a heating zone, successively transverse axes on opposite sides thereof without substan-:
Description
Dec. 29, 1964 'r. SCHMIDT ETAL 3,163,201
PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING CONDUCTIVE SHEET MATERIAL HAVING LOW POWER LOSSES Filed Feb. 6. 1961 ANNEALING FURNACE T HE ODOR CHMIDT JOCHEN WUNNING AGENT HEATING CHAMBER United States Patent 3 Claims. (a. 15386) Our present invention relates to the manufacture of conductive sheet material and, more particularly, to a process and an apparatus for producing sheet-metal bodies such as plates, bands and strips which have low power losses and which may therefore be used economically for electric transducers (e.g. transformers), electromechanical machines (e.g. motors and generators) and the like.
Conductive plates, bands and strips, adapted to be used in the above-mentioned electric devices and in others wherein low power losses due to eddy-current effects are required, have been manufactured hitherto by processes in which the raw high-loss sheets and strips are finished by annealing and subsequent cold working to improve their electrical performance. The cold working generally involved the passing of the sheet material between the rollers of a conventional cold-rolling mill, usually under tension and in a repeated operation to realize the desired effect. These cold-rolling processes necessitated considerable deformation, often reducing the bulk of the sheets by about upon each pass between the rollers, in order to reduce the loss factor of the material to any satisfactory extent. The rollers utilized in these processes experienced substantial Wear and required frequent adjustment and/or replacement while the finished sheet was always of diminished thickness. Other known sheettreating processes for reducing power losses were equally unsatisfactory.
It is an object of our invention to provide an improved process for reducing the power losses of conductive sheet material without appreciable alteration of the thickness thereof.
It is a further object of the invention to provide a lowcost continuous process for producing sheet materials having lowpower losses.
Still another object of the present invention is to provide means for reducing the power losses of such sheets without permanently deforming them.
According to a feature of the invention, metallic plates and strips having relatively high power losses may be treated to reduce these losses by a process in which each part of a sheet-metal body having the desired final thickness is alternately bent in opposite directions and thereafter straightened substantially without compression. The sheet may thus be passed through a corrugating device having a plurality of spaced-apart rollers alternatingly engaging the sheet on opposite sides thereof and extending transversely to the direction of travel of the sheet. ing configuration and thereafter drawn from the device as a flattened body. The finished material will then be found to have substantially reduced power losses and a thickness generally equal to that of the starting material. The sheet is, moreover, heat-treated or annealed during corrugation or subsequently thereto to complete and perpetuate the rearrangement of its molecular structure.
We have found that the power loss of a metallic sheet may be reduced still further when tension is applied to the sheet as it passes between the deforming rollers. Each deformation is then accompanied by a certain degree of stretching which, however, should be limited (especially when the operation is carried out at elevated temperatures) so as not materially to alter the thickness The sheet is thus temporarily given an undulat- V the like.
of the sheet.
The corrugating device is, according to a more specific feature of the invention, disposed adjacent an annealing furnace through which the sheet passes during or after its mechanical deformation. Thus it is possible, and often desirable, to position the device within the furnace or between a pair of furnaces or heating chambers. The rollers of the device are then advantageously provided with cooling means adapted to regulate the temperature of the sheet.
We have found that particularly gratifying results may be obtained if the sheet is passed through the a-foredescribed corrugating device at the recrystallization temperature of the metal. This mode of treatment evidently has a more profound effect upon the metallic structure than a deformation at lower temperatures.
Since there is substantially no permanent deformation of the sheet passing through the corrugating device, the process according to the invention does not require frequent adjustment and replacement of the deforming rollers. a sheet pass through the same sequence of deformations. Sheets treated by our process, therefore, have reproducible power factors and other electrical and magnetic characteristics which are substantially uniform over their entire length and width. The effects of the rollers are cumulative up to a point, hence an increase in the number of rollers will oftenaiford greater improvement,
The above and other objects, features and advantages of the invention will become more readily apparent from the following detailed description, reference being made to the accompanying drawing the sole figure of which is a somewhat diagrammatic illustration of an apparatus for carrying out the process of the invention.
In the drawing, a conventionally manufactured metal sheet or strip 1 with the usual high power losses emerges hot from a heating chamber 3a, advancing in the direction of arrowA between two sets of opposing rollers 2, 2 of a corrugating device 26 and thence passing through an annealing furnace 3b. Additional feed rollers 4 and 4', together with the rollers 2, 2' which may be positively driven as indicated by the arrows B and B, advantageously maintain the sheet under limited tension to assist in the reorientation of its crystalline structure. It will be noted that the minimum distance between anytwo rollers 2 and 2', which may be individually or jointly adjustable as indicated by the arrows C and C, is always greater 7 than the thickness of the sheet-metal body 1 so that the latter will not undergo any compression on its passage through the device 20. One observes that the rollers 2, 2' temporarily deform the sheet 1 into an undulating pattern which remains stationary as the sheet advances through the heating Zone 3a, 3b. The exact sheet temperature during deformation may be further controlled by passing a cooling (or heating) fluid through the rollers as is well known per se. i It will be apparent that the apparatus shown in the drawing may constitute one of the stages of a plant for the continuous manufacture of sheet-metal plates, strips and In such case the heating chamber 3a may be constituted by the final hot-rolling stage from which the sheets emerge with substantially their design thickness.
The invention as described and illustrated is believed to admit of many variations and modifications intended to be included within its scope as claimed. For example, while we prefer to deform the sheet material at a temperature in the vicinity of its recrystallization temperature, some deviations therefrom in either sense can be tolerated.
If the rollers are properly centered, all portions of V a sheet-metal body, comprising the steps of heating said" body .to an elevated temperature, bending the heated body in undulating pattern withoutisubstantial alterabending each part ofthe heated body alternately about tion of the dimensions thereoff'strziightening said body and annealing said body. 7
2. A process for reducing the electric power losses of a sheet-metal body, comprising the steps of heating said body to ailelevated temperature close to the recrystalli zation temperature of the metal, bending the heated body in an undulating pattern Without substantial alteration of the dimensions thereof, straightening 'said body and annealing said body. f v a 3. A process for reducing the electric power losses of a sheetemetal body, comprising the steps of progressively advancing said body through a heating zone, successively transverse axes on opposite sides thereof without substan-:
tial alteration of the dimensions thereof, thereafter.
straightening said body, and annealing said body.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,965,559 Goss July 3, 1934' 2,040,442 Nieman May 12,1936 2,071,596 Ungerer Feb. 23, 1937 2,347,904 Greulich May 2,1944 2,438,240 Trudeau Mar. 2 3, 1248' 2,588,439 Ward' Mar. 11, 1952 2,638,143 Mailst May 12, 1953 r 2,870,818 Herr Jan. 27, 1959 3 ,094,442 Perry June 18, 1963
Claims (1)
1. A PROCESS FOR REDUCING THE ELECTRIC POWER LOSS OF A SHEET-METAL BODY, COMPRISING THE STEPS OF HEATING SAID BODY TO AN ELEVATED TEMPERATURE, BENDING THE HEATED BODY IN AN UNDULATING PATTERN WITHOUT SUBSTANTIAL ALTERATION OF THE DIMENSIONS THEREOF, STRAIGTHENING SAID BODY AND ANNEALING SAID BODY.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DEJ17676A DE1205124B (en) | 1960-02-10 | 1960-02-10 | Process for the production of electrical steel sheets or strips with low wattage losses |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3163201A true US3163201A (en) | 1964-12-29 |
Family
ID=7199638
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US87444A Expired - Lifetime US3163201A (en) | 1960-02-10 | 1961-02-06 | Process and apparatus for producing conductive sheet material having low power losses |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3163201A (en) |
BE (1) | BE599254A (en) |
DE (1) | DE1205124B (en) |
GB (1) | GB915178A (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3728782A (en) * | 1970-10-08 | 1973-04-24 | Kabel Metallwerke Ghh | Process for the production of straight-bead welded pipe |
US4826138A (en) * | 1984-02-24 | 1989-05-02 | Van Dorn Company | Apparatus for heat treating steel plates |
US20230183093A1 (en) * | 2021-12-15 | 2023-06-15 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Production apparatus and production method for cathode active material for lithium ion secondary batteries |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4016740A (en) * | 1973-12-27 | 1977-04-12 | Nippon Steel Corporation | Method and an apparatus for the manufacture of a steel sheet |
CN111426722B (en) * | 2020-03-24 | 2022-04-19 | 北京科技大学 | Device and method for rapidly determining recrystallization temperature of metal material |
Citations (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1965559A (en) * | 1933-08-07 | 1934-07-03 | Cold Metal Process Co | Electrical sheet and method and apparatus for its manufacture and test |
US2040442A (en) * | 1932-11-30 | 1936-05-12 | Bethlehem Steel Corp | Method of treating sheet metal |
US2071596A (en) * | 1933-07-08 | 1937-02-23 | Ungerer Fritz | Method for the hot straightening of plates |
US2347904A (en) * | 1941-07-26 | 1944-05-02 | Gerald G Greulich | Method of cold-working metallic bars |
US2438240A (en) * | 1945-09-28 | 1948-03-23 | Chase Brass & Copper Co | Method for straightening rods |
US2588439A (en) * | 1949-06-29 | 1952-03-11 | United States Steel Corp | Continuously processing ferrous strip or sheet material |
US2638143A (en) * | 1949-07-28 | 1953-05-12 | Frederick K Maust | Roller leveler |
US2870818A (en) * | 1954-10-08 | 1959-01-27 | Herr Equipment Corp | Resilient roll apparatus for working tenuous material |
US3094442A (en) * | 1959-04-13 | 1963-06-18 | Armco Steel Corp | Methods of producing extreme flatness in heat treated stainless steel and the like |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE703208C (en) * | 1933-11-01 | 1941-03-04 | Hoesch Akt Ges | Process to improve the magnetic properties of iron strips and sheets with 0.54% silicon |
DE707940C (en) * | 1936-07-03 | 1941-07-08 | Bandeisenwalzwerke Akt Ges | Process for the production of objects with a smooth surface with coarse grain formation from magnetic steel sheets or strips |
-
1960
- 1960-02-10 DE DEJ17676A patent/DE1205124B/en active Pending
-
1961
- 1961-01-18 GB GB2006/61A patent/GB915178A/en not_active Expired
- 1961-01-19 BE BE599254A patent/BE599254A/en unknown
- 1961-02-06 US US87444A patent/US3163201A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2040442A (en) * | 1932-11-30 | 1936-05-12 | Bethlehem Steel Corp | Method of treating sheet metal |
US2071596A (en) * | 1933-07-08 | 1937-02-23 | Ungerer Fritz | Method for the hot straightening of plates |
US1965559A (en) * | 1933-08-07 | 1934-07-03 | Cold Metal Process Co | Electrical sheet and method and apparatus for its manufacture and test |
US2347904A (en) * | 1941-07-26 | 1944-05-02 | Gerald G Greulich | Method of cold-working metallic bars |
US2438240A (en) * | 1945-09-28 | 1948-03-23 | Chase Brass & Copper Co | Method for straightening rods |
US2588439A (en) * | 1949-06-29 | 1952-03-11 | United States Steel Corp | Continuously processing ferrous strip or sheet material |
US2638143A (en) * | 1949-07-28 | 1953-05-12 | Frederick K Maust | Roller leveler |
US2870818A (en) * | 1954-10-08 | 1959-01-27 | Herr Equipment Corp | Resilient roll apparatus for working tenuous material |
US3094442A (en) * | 1959-04-13 | 1963-06-18 | Armco Steel Corp | Methods of producing extreme flatness in heat treated stainless steel and the like |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3728782A (en) * | 1970-10-08 | 1973-04-24 | Kabel Metallwerke Ghh | Process for the production of straight-bead welded pipe |
US4826138A (en) * | 1984-02-24 | 1989-05-02 | Van Dorn Company | Apparatus for heat treating steel plates |
US20230183093A1 (en) * | 2021-12-15 | 2023-06-15 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Production apparatus and production method for cathode active material for lithium ion secondary batteries |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
BE599254A (en) | 1961-05-16 |
GB915178A (en) | 1963-01-09 |
DE1205124B (en) | 1965-11-18 |
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