US2975818A - Shingle forming machine - Google Patents

Description

March 21, 1961 D. M. RIPPE SHINGLE FORMING MACHINE 9 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Sept. 14, 1959 mwmr D. M. RIPPE SHINGLE FORMING MACHINE March 21, 1961 9 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Sept. 14, 1959 3 K I m m March 21, 1961 D. M. RlPPE 2,975,818

SHINGLE FORMING MACHINE Filed Sept. 14, 1959 9 Sheets-Sheet 3 9 7? 71 7 65 7/ 53 I \l LI 57 FIG.6. Y haw March 21, 1961 D. M. RIPPE 2,975,818

SHINGLE FORMING MACHINE Filed Sept. 14, 1959 9 Sheets-Sheet 4 FIGQ. 6Q

March 21, 1961 Filed Sept. 14, 1959 FIG. I I.

D. M. RIPPE SHINGLE FORMING MACHINE 9 Sheets-Sheet 5 March 21, 1961 D. M. RIPPE 2,975,818

SHINGLE FORMING MACHINE Filed Sept. 14, 1959 9 Sheets-Sheet 6 FIG. l3. H6148, f

March 21, 1961 D. M. RIPPE SHINGLE FORMING MACHINE 9 Sheets-Sheet 7 Filed Sept. 14, 1959 FIG. l7.

FIG. I6.

March 21, 1961 D. M. RIPPE SHINGLE FORMING MACHINE 9 Sheets-Sheet 8 Filed Sept. 14, 1959 M a v E: w W /%H l 5; fi W lam, 1 2 a w W M WWWW w/ l: m M 5: w H 2 I 2 M w 2 B F w March 21, 1961 D. M. RIPPE 2,975,818

SHINGLE FORMING MACHINE a W, q 9 m a i W B \W W M m I W SI-HYGLE FORMING MACHINE Dondeviile' M. Rippe, Webster Groves, Mo assignor to Dondeville Products (30., Inc, Webster Groves, Mo, a corporation of Missouri Filed Sept. 14, 1959, Ser. No. 339,915

11 Claims. (Cl. 153-2) This invention relates to shingles, more particularly sheet metal shingles (either roofing or siding shingles), and a machine for making such shingles.

This application is a continuation-in-part of my copending application Serial No. 670,969, filed July 10, 1957, entitled Manufacture of Shingles.

In my said copending application Serial No. 670,969 there is disclosed a machine for making sheet metal shingles of the type shown in my United States Patent 2,830,546, issued April 18, 1958. This shingle (usually made of sheet aluminum) is generally of rectangular shape, formed with a first integral hook member on the outside along its top, a second integral hook member on the inside along its bottom, a third integral hook memher on the outside along one end (its right end as shown in the patent), and a fourth integral hook member on the inside along its other (left) end. The first hook member (the top hook member) comprises an integral generally flat lip of the shingle extending at an acute angle to the body of the shingle and having a series of bosses formed thereon projecting inward toward the outside of the body of the shingle. The second hook memher (the bottom hook member) comprises a base portion which forms the butt (bottom edge) of the shingle generally at right angles to the body of the shingle and an upstanding fiat lip substantially parallel to the body of the shingle. The shingle also has a nailing tab portion projecting endwise from its body portion at an upper corner of the shingle (at the right end of the shingle as shown in said patent).

The machine shown in my said copending application Serial No. 670,969 comprises means for intermittently feeding forward a continuous sheet metal strip a distance corresponding to the height of a shingle plus the width of the top and bottom hooks, means operative during the dwell of the strip between feeding intervals for forming the end hooks, means forward of the end hook forming means operable during the dwell of the strip'for cutting the strip on a transverse line and bending the rearward margin of the cut-on portion of the strip to form the bottom hook, and means forward of this cutting means also operable during the dwell of the strip for bending the forward margin of the strip to form the top hook. Each completed shingle is pushed endwise into the nip of a pair of feed rolls which function to feed it laterally out of the machine.

I have found that if the top and bottom hooks are made flat, i.e. of uniform height, throughout their lengths, when the shingles are applied to a roof they tend to lie in planes at angles to the plane of the roof, rather than parallel to the plane of the roof, which detracts from the appearance of the roof.

Accordingly, among the several objects of this inveni atent O tion may be noted the provision of an improved construction for shingles of the type shown in my United States Patent 2,830,546 which enables the shingles readily to be applied to a roof in such manner that the shingles will lie in planes substantially parallel to the plane of the roof,

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rather than in planes at angles to the plane of the roof. Essentially, the improved construction involves the provision of outwardly offset end portions on the top and bottom hook, more particularly an outwardly offset portion at the left end of the bottom hook and on outwardly offset portion at the right end of the top hook.

A further object of the invention is the provision in my prior machine of means for forming the shingles with the stated offset end portions on the top and bottom books, which does not interfere with the lateral discharge of the shingles from the machine.

I have also found that the bending over of the rear ward and forward margins of the cut-off portions of the strip to form the bottom and top hooks sets up stresses in the sheet metal which tends to cause these hooks to spring open as a shingle is discharged from the machine. To overcome this, so as to hold the hooks within dimensional tolerances, I provided steel feed roll sections engageable with the bottom and top hooks of each shingle as it is discharged from the machine to relieve the stresses and avoid springing open of the hooks. However, I found that the use of the steel roll section to prevent the stated springing of the bottom hook tended to result in the mashing down of the left end portion of the bottom hook, which is the leading end of this hook as the shingle is discharged laterally from the machine, which necessitated manual opening up of the mashed-downend of the bottom hook before the shingles could be readily applied.

Accordingly, a further object of this invention is the provision in the machine of means for discharging each shingle from the machine in such manner as to eliminate mashed-down ends on the bottom hooks.

Other objects and features will be in part apparent and in part pointed out hereinafter.

The invention accordingly comprises the constructions hereinafter described, the scope of the invention being indicated in the following claims.

In the accompanying drawings, in which one of various possible embodiments of the invention is illustrated,

Fig. 1 is a view in elevation of the right side of a machine of this invention;

Fig. 2 is a plan view of a sheet metal strip illustrating the operations performed thereon by the machine;

Figs. 3, 4 and 5 are cross sections taken on lines 3-3, 44 and 5'5, respectively, of Fig. 2;

Fig. 6 is an enlarged vertical section taken on line 66 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 7 is a horizontal section taken on line 77 of Fig. 6;

Fig. 8 is an enlarged vertical section taken on line 8-8 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 9 is a view in cross section on line 9-9 of Fig. 6 and illustrates a moved position of parts in relation to Fig. 1;

Fig. 10 is a vertical longitudinal section taken on line 1010 of Fig. 8, with parts broken away;

Fig.ll is an enlarged vertical transverse section taken on line 11-11 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 12 is an enlarged vertical transverse section taken on line 12-12 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 13 is a vertical longitudinal section taken on line 1313 of Fig.12;

Fig. 14 is a view corresponding to Fig. 13 showing a moved position of parts;

Fig. 15 is a horizontal section taken on line 15-45 of Fig. 12; i

Fig. 16 is a vertical longitudinal section taken on line 16-16 of Fig. 24;

Fig. 17 is a view corresponding to Fig. 16 showing 2. moved position of parts;

Fig. 18 is a fragment of Fig.

17 showing a further moved position of parts;

-to right as viewed in Fig. l.

Fig. 19 is a fragmentary horizontal view taken on line 19-19 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 20 is an enlarged vertical transverse section taken .online '2020 of Fig. l;

t Fig. 21 is a cross section of a "bending unit taken on -line 21-21 of Fig. 20;

Fig. 22 is a view similar to Fig. 21 showing a moved position of parts;

Fig. 23 is a view in elevation taken on line 23-23 :of Fig. 19;

Fig. 24 is a view similar to Fig. 19 with parts broken .away and shown in section;

Fig. 25 is a vertical transverse section taken on line 2525 of Fig. 16;

Fig. 26 is an enlarged section taken on'line 26-46 20f Fig. 24;

Fig. 27 is aplan viewof acompleted shingle; Fig. 28 is an enlarged edge elevation of the shingle :as viewed from the bottom of Fig. 27, with parts broken away; and,

Fig. 29 is an enlarged section taken on line 29-29 of Fig. 27, with parts broken away.

Corresponding reference characters indicate corresponding parts throughout the several views of the draw- :ings.

Referring to the drawings, a machine of this invention is shown to comprise vertical side platesl and? which 'extend parallel to one another and which are spaced apart a distance greater than the width of sheet metal strip S which is to be converted into shingles. This strip S comes from a roll of strip which is not shown 'in the drawings, but which would be off to the left of are spaced longitudinally of the machine at intervals corresponding to the total heightof one shingle blank, i.e.,

the height of a finished shingle plus the widths of the The strip S extends forward through the machine all the way top and bottom hook members of the shingle.

to station 6. The width of the strip corresponds to the total length of one shingle blank, i.e., the length of a finished shingle plus the widths of the end hook members of the shingle.

At 5 in Fig. 1 is indicated a combination punch press and strip-feeding unit which is operative at station 1 I to punch a V-shaped notch '7 in the left side margin of the strip S, to form a series of indentations 9 extending transversely across the strip on 'a line which is located somewhat rearward of a transverse line through the apex of the notch 7; to punch notches l1 and 13 in the right *side margin of the strip, these notches defining a tab 15; and to punch a hole 17 in the tab 15. Having pen formed these punching operations at station 1, the unit.

5 moves forward to station 2 (see Fig. 9), carrying with it the strip S and thereby feeding forward a length of strip S corresponding to one shingle height. Then it releases its grip on the strip, and returns to station 1 to repeat the punching operations.

From the above, it will be apparent that during the intervals between the forward feeding operations of unit 5, there will be a portion of the strip S extending from station 1 to station 6 having the notches 7, 11 and 13, indentations 9 and tabs 15 with holes 17 therein at station intervals (see Fig. 2). During each of these intervals the following operations are also takingplace: Between stations 3 and 4, a bending unit 19 (see Figs. 1, 8 and 10) operates to bend down the portion zl of "the strip at the left side of the strip between the notches .7 at stations 3 and 4 and to bend up the portion 23 of the strip at the right side of the strip between the notch 13 at station 3 and the notch 11 at station 4 (see Figs. 2 and 3). .The tab 15 is not bent. Theportion of the strip between stations 4 and 5 will already have the bent-up portion 21 and the bent-down portion 23 as a result of the previous cycle of operation of bending unit 19. Between stations 4 and 5, a bending unit 25 (see Figs. 1, 10 and 11) operates to bend the portion 21 under the strip and to bend the portion 23 over the strip (see Figs. 2 and 4-) whereby these portions become end hook members 21 and 23. At station 5, a cutting and bending unit 27 (see Figs. 1 and l3-15) operates to cut the strip on a transverse line which passes through the apex of V-notch 9 and to bend the rearward marginal portion of the cut-off blank down and around under the blank to form a bottom or butt hook member 29 with an outwardly offset portion 29a at one end thereof (its left end). At station 6 a bending unit 31 (see Figs. 1 and l92l) operates to bend the forward marginal end portion of the strip up and over the strip to form the top hook member 33 which has the indentations 9 therein, which also has an outwardly offset portion 33a at its right end. The tab 15 is also bent over and flattened down. This completes a shingle, and the completed shingle is automatically fed transversely out of the left side of the machine as will be made clear later.

The punch press and strip-feeding unit 5 (see Figs. 1, 6, 7 and 9), which is reciprocable longitudinally of the machine between stations 1 and 2, comprises a horizontal bed plate 45 supported on end blocks 47 which are slidable on ways 49 attached on the upper edges of side plates 1 and 3. The head of the press is constituted'by a horizontal plate 51. Guide pins 53 extend up from the bed plate 45 adjacent the ends thereof through guide bushings 57 carried by the head plate 51. Secured'to the bed plate 45 adjacent its ends are brackets 59. A horizontal shaft 61 spans the machine having its ends journalled in these brackets 59. Two bell cranks, each generally designated 63, are fixed on shaft 61, one adjacent each end of the shaft. Each bell crank has a rearwardly extending arm 65 and a downwardly extending arm 67. The rearward ends of rearwardly extending arms 65 of the bell cranks are connected to the head plate 51 for raising and lowering it upon oscillation of the cranks '63. For making this connection the arm 65 of each crank carries at'its rearward end a pair of rollers 69 and71. The head plate 5 1 has upwardly extending forward and rearward flanges 73 and 75. Adjacent each end of the head plate 51 there is a cap 77 which spans flanges 73 and 75. Below this cap on head plate 51 is a block 79. The roller 69 adjacent each end of the plate 5 1 is received between the respective cap 77 and block 79, and the roller 71 adjacent each end of the head'plate 51 bears down on the respective block '79.

The head plate 51 carries a series of roundhead bolts 81 for making the indentations. The bed plate 45 carries a platen 83 having a series of holes 85 directly below the heads of bolts 8-1 and cooperable with the latter for forming the indentations. The head plate 51 carries dies such as indicated at 85 and 37 (see Fig. 6) cooperable with die formations such as indicated at 8% and 91 (see Fig. 7) on the bed plate 45 for cutting out the notches'7, '11 and 13.. The bed plate-45 has openings 93 and 95 for disposal of the waste cut-out portions of the sheet material.

Oscillation of the cranks 63 is effected by mechanism comprising a main transverse drive shaft 97 journalled in the side plates 1 and 3. This shaft is driven at relatively low speed as by an electric motor and a conventional speed-reducing drive (not shown). Spur gears 103 are fixed to shaft 97adjacent its ends on the inside ofthe side platesl and 3-(see Fig. 12). Each gear 103 meshes with an idler pinion 105 which in turn meshes with a gear 107. Each gear 107 has a'crank pin 109 thereon. Connecting rods 111 connect crank pins 10? and the lowerends of bell crank arms m. "The arrangementis such that upon each revolution of gears 107, and each oscillation of the connecting rods, with the unit 5 at station 1, the bell cranks 63 are rocked from the position designated A in Fig. 1 to the position designated B in Figs. 1 and 9 to drive down the head plate 51, then, with the latter down, the entire unit 5 is pulled forward to station 2 (see Fig. 9), then the bell cranks are reversely rocked from position B to position A to lift the head plate 5-1, and then the unit 5 is pushed back to station 1.

The bending unit 19, which is illustrated in detail in Figs. 8 and 10, comprises a fixed lower crossbar 113 (shown as a channel section bar) extending transversely across the machine between stations 3 and 4 below the path of the strip, and a fixed upper crossbar 115 (also a channel section bar) above the lower bar. The bending unit 25, which is illustrated in detail in Figs. and 11, comprises a fixed lower crossbar 117 (shown as a channel section bar) extending transversely across the machine between stations 4 and 5 at the same level as crossbar 113, and a fixed upper crossbar 119 (also a channel section bar) above the lower bar at the same level as crossbar 115. Extending longitudinally of the machine adjacent its left side from station 3 substantially to station 4 is a fixed bar 121 which is secured on top of the lower crossbar 113. In line with bar 121 on crossbar 117 is a bar 122. Extending longitudinally of the machine adjacent its right side from station 3 to station 5 is a fixed bar 123 which is secured to the bottom of the upper crossbar 115. In line with bar 123 on crossbar 117 is a bar 124-.

Bars 121 and 123 are of somewhat less height than bars 122 and 124. A horizontal bending blade 125 is fixed to the top of bar 121 and a horizontal bending blade 127 is fixed to the bottom of bar 123. The top of bar 122 is at the same level as the top of blade 125, and the bottom of bar 124 is at the same level as the bottom of blade 127. Fixed to the upper crossbar 115 of bending unit 19 and extending upward therefrom adjacent the left-hand side of the machine is a vertical air cylinder 129. This cylinder has a piston rod 131 extending downward through a hole 133 in the bar 115 from a piston (not illustrated) in the cylinder, the piston rod 131 having a movable bending blade 135 fixed to its lower end. The blade 135 is cooperable with the blade 125 to bend downward the portion 21 of the strip S. A guide for the blade 135 is indicated at 137. Fixed to the lower crossbar 113 and extending downward therefrom adjacent the right side of the machine is a vertical air cylinder 139. This cylinder has a piston rod 141 extending upward through a hole 143 in the bar 113 from a piston (not illustrated) in the cylinder, the piston rod 141 having a movable bending blade 145 like blade 135 fixed at its upper end. The blade 145 is cooperable with the blade 127 to bend upward the portion 23 of the strip S. A guide for the blade 145 is indicated at 147.

Directly at station 4 there is a fixed lower crossbar 14 9 extending transversely across the machine below the path of the strip, and a fixed upper crossbar 151 above the lover crossbar. Fixed to the upper crossbar and extending upward therefrom adjacent the left-hand side of the machine is a vertical air cylinder 153. This cylinder has a piston rod 155 extending down through a hole 157 in the bar 151 from a piston (not illustrated) in the cylinder. The piston rod has a strip-clamping bar 159 pivoted at its lower end, the strip-clamping bar extending longitudinally of the machine from station 3 to station 5 and being engageable with the top of blade 125 from station 3 to station 4 (see Fig. 8) and the top of the longitudinal bar 122 from station 4 to station 5 (see Fig. 11). Fixed to the lower crossbar 149 and extending upward therefrom adjacent the right-hand side of the machine is a vertical air cylinder 163. This cylinderhas a piston rod 165 extending up through a hole 167 in the bar 149 from a piston (not illustrated) in the cylinder. The piston rod 165 has a strip clamping bar 169 pivoted .at its upper end, this bar extending longitudinally of the machine from station 3 to station 5 and being engageable with the bottom of the blade 127 from station 3 to Sta? tion 4 (see Fig. 8) and the bottom of the longitudinal bar 124 from station 4 to station 5 (see Fig. 11).

Fixed on the left side plate 1 of the machine and ex tending laterally outward therefrom between stations 4 and 5 is a horizontal air cylinder 171 (see Figs. 1 and 11). This cylinder has a piston rod 173 extending hori-' zontally inward through a hole 175 in the plate 1 from a piston (not illustrated) in the cylinder, the piston rod 173 having a horizontal bending blade 177 fixed on its inner end. This blade 177 is movable inward under the. bottom of the bar 159 to bend over the portion 21 of strip S.

Fixed on the right side plate 3 of the machine and extending laterally outward therefrom between stations 4 and 5 is a horizontal air cylinder 181 (see Figs. 1 and 11). This cylinder has a piston rod 183 extending hori zontally inward through a hole 185 in the plate 3 from a piston (not illustrated) in the cylinder, the piston rod 183 having a horizontal bending blade 187 fixed on its inner end. This blade 187 is movable inward over the top of the bar 169 to bend over the portion 23 of strip S.

The cutting and bending unit 27 (Figs. 1 and 12-18) comprisesa pair of vertical guides 189 mounted on the inside of the side plates 1 and 3 at station 5 extending downward from the upper edges of the side plates. Verticaily slidable in each of these vertical guides is a slider 191. The sliders extend down below the guides and each has a cam follower roller 193 at its lower end which is received in a cam groove 195 on the outside of the gear 193 on the respective side of the machine. Extending transversely across the machine between the two sliders 191 is a shear blade holding bar 196, the ends of which are welded to the sliders. Secured to this bar 196 is a cutting and bending blade 197. The blade 197 has a bottom surface 199 which angles upward in forward direction as related to the travel of the strip. The rearward bottom edge of the blade constitutes a shearing edge 281; the forward bottom edge constitutes a bending edge 283. The shearing edge 281 is cooperative with afixed shear blade 205 which extends transversely across the machine, being supported by a bar 207.

In accordance with this invention, bending edge 203 of bar 197 is cooperable with a relatively long fixed bending bar 299 (see Figs. 13, 14, 24 and 25) and a relatively short bending bar or anvil 210 (see Figs. 16-18, 24 and 25) which is movable between an operative position aligned with bar 299 (see Figs. 16 and 17) and a re tracted position forward of bar 299 (see Fig. 18). Bar 269 is fixed in position supported on a bar 211. It is a relatively thin bar, of uniform depth throughout its length, having horizontal top and bottom surfaces (see Figs. 13-, 14 and 25 It extends from the right side of the machine nearly to the left side of the machine, with a gap G between its left end and the left side of the machine (see Figs. 24 and 25). Anvil 210, when in its operative position, occupies this gap and then constitutes a continuation of the bar 289. Anvil 218 has a horizontal top surface 21th which is flush with the top surface of bar 209. The bottom surface 211th of the anvil, however, is inclined downward toward the left side of the machine so that the anvil becomes progressively deeper or. thicker from its right end toward its left end (see Fig. 25). The depth of the anvil 218 at its right end (which meets the left end of bar 2119 when the anvil is in operative position) corresponds tothe depth of the bar 289. The anvil 210 is adapted to be moved between its rearward operative position and its forward retracted position by an air cylinder 210a, a rod 218r extending from piston 210p within the cylinder to a connection at 210a with the anvil. Y

Thefixed shear blade 205 and the bending, blade 209 and anvil 218havetheir upper surfaces at the level of the path of the strip. The development of the cam groove 7 195 is such that upon each revolution of the gears 103, the blade 197 is pulled down from the raised retracted position above the blades in which it is shown in Figs. 13 and 16 to the loweredposition shown in Figs. 14 and 17 to shear the strip off against the forward edge of blade 2'05 and to bend down the rearward portion of the cutoff portion of the strip around the rearward upper edge of the bending blade 209 and anvil 210 (the anvil being in its rearward operative position).

Pivoted at 213 on the inside of the side plates 1' and 3 of' the machine at station 5 are rocker arms 215. EX- tending across the machine between these rocker arms is a bending bar 217, the ends of which are welded to the rocker arms. Each rocker arm carries a cam follower roller 219 received in a cam groove 221 on the inside of the respective gear 103. The development of the cam groove 221 is such that upon each revolution of the gears 103 the bending bar 217 is rocked forward from the retracted position in which it is illustrated in Figs. 13 and 16 to the forward position in which it is illustrated in Figs. 14 and 17 to bend the portion of the strip previously bent down by blade 2197 forward under the blade 299 and anvil 210 (in its operative position) to make the shingle butt hook 29. As a result of the wedge shape of the anvil 210, this hook 29, instead of being of uniform depth throughout its length, is of uniform depth throughout its length, is of uniform depth only over part of its length (from its right end as formed in the machine to the left end of bar 299), and, at its left-end, has the outwardly offset portion 29a which tapers outwardly in accordance with the taper of the anvil. The upper surface of bending bar 217 is formed to the contour'of blade 209 and anvil 218. Following the bending'of the strip under the blade 209 and anvil 210, cylinder 210a is actuated to retract the anvil (move it bodily forward away from alignment with bar 209) from within the tapered end portion 29d of the butt book 29. This is to enable discharge of the shingle from the machine in the direction toward the left of the machine, as will be made clear.

The shear blade holding bar 196 carries a springbacked hold-down bar 223 which, upon downward movement of the blade holding bar 196, is adapted to clamp the strip material S down upon the bending blade 209 and anvil 210. The hold-down bar 223 has vertical slots 225 therein which'receive studs 227 projecting forward from the bar. Springs such as indicated at 229 reacting from a plate 231 on the bar 196 bias the hold-down bar 223 downward. V The bending unit 31 at station 6 (Figs. 1 and 19-22) comprises a fixedlower crossbar 233 (shown as a channel section bar) which extends transversely across the machine at station 6 below the path of the strip. Between stations 5 and 6 there is a horizontal strip-supporting plate 235. Bearing blocks such as indicated at 237 are mounted on the inside of the side plates 1 and 3 of the machine at station 6. Pivoted at 23? on the inside of these bearing blocks are rocker arms 241. These arms hang down from their pivots. Extending between these rocker arms is a. bar 243. Secured to the bottom of this bar is a bending blade 245. -This blade has a tapered forward edge portion which has notches 247 at locations corresponding to the locations of the indentations 9 made in the strip. It also has a boss 247a at its right end for forming the outward ofiset at 3311 in the top hook men- -ber 33 of the shingle. Extending across the forward end .of the machine between the side plates 1 and 3 is a vertical forward end plate 249 (see Fig. 1). At 251 is indicatedabracket mounted on the outsideof end plate 24%. 'Anvair cylinder 253 has its'outer end pivotally mounted in the bracket as indicated at 255 to be swingable on a horizontal axis, and extends rearward through a large opening 257 in the end plate. A piston rod 259 extends rearward from a piston (not illustrated)- in cylinder 253 "to-a pivotal connection at 261 with the bar 243*. "The semiarrangement is such thatwhen the piston rod is extended rearward from the cylinder, rocker arms 241 and the blade 245 occupy the raised retracted position illustrated in Fig. 21. When the piston rod is drawn into the cylinder, the arms and blade swing down to the operative position shown in Fig. 22.

Cooprable with the blade 245' is a bending bar 263. This bar 263 extends transversely across the machine, having its ends secured to pivot members 265 which have pivot pins 267 offset from the bar journalled in the bearing blocks 237'. Fixed on the right-hand pivot pin 267 is a pinion 269. In mesh with this pinion is a rack 271 which is slidable longitudinally of the machine in a channel-shaped guide 273 carried by the bar 233. A hori* zontal air cylinder 275 has one end fixed to the end plate 249 and extends outward therefrom. This cylinder has a piston rod 277 extending through an opening 279 in plate 249 from a piston (not illustrated) in the cylinder to a connection at 281 with the rack.

In the left side plate 1 of the machine extending from station 5 to station 6 at the level of the strip S is a horizontal exit slot 283. The left-hand pivot member 265 has a slot 284 which registers with slot 283 when members 265 and bending bar 263 are in the Fig. 21 position. When a shingle is completed, it is pushed laterally out of the machine through the slot 283 by pushing means such as indicated at 255. This pushing means comprises an air cylinder 287 mounted on the right side plate 3 of the machine and extending outward therefrom between stations 5 and 6. This cylinder has a piston rod 289 extending from a piston (not illustrated) in the cylinder through an opening 291 in the plate 3, the piston rod having a pusher head 293 at its inner end engageable with the right end of a completed shingle. The piston rod 289 is normally retracted in the cylinder 287, and-the head 2% is normally in the retracted position illustrated in dotted lines in Fig. 19 in which it is located to the right of the right edge of the strip material S. Upon completion of a shingle, the cylinder'287 is operated to extend the piston rod 289, thereby to push the shingle to the left of the machine and through the slot 283. Mounted on the outside of the left side plate 1 above and below the slot are upper and lower feed rolls 295 and 297 which are continuously driven by any suitable means, such as an electric motor (not shown) and a chain and sprocket drive 299 to feed shingles out of the machine (see Figs. 19; 20, 23 and 24). The length I of these rolls is somewhat greater than the width of the shingles;

The air cylinders 129, 139, 171 and 181 are under the control of a conventional solenoid valve (not shown) operated by a switch 301' controlled by a cam 323 on the main shaft 97. The air cylinders 153 and163 are under the control of a conventional solenoid valve (not shown) operated by a switch 395 controlled by a cam 3%7 on shaft 97. The air cylinders 253, 275and 237 are under the control of conventional solenoid valves (not shown) operated by switches 309, 311 and 313 controlled by cams 315, 317 and 319 on shaft 97. Air cylinder 210a is under the control of -a conventional solenoid valve (not shown) operated by a switch 321 controlled by a cam 323 on shaft 97.

The upper feed roll 295'is essentially a' soft rubber roll with a steel portion 325 at its left end adapted to bear down on the top hook 33 and prevent this hook from springing open under internal stresses. The steel roll portion 325 is of somewhat smaller diameter than the main soft rubber portion of roll 295. The lower feed r'oll 297 is essentially a soft rubber roll with a steel portion 327 at its right end adapted to engage butt book 29 and prevent this hook from springing open under internal stresses. The steel roll portion 327 is of somewhat smaller diameter than the. main soft rubberportion of roll 297.: it tends to mash down the :end portion-29a of thebutt 1:001:29. of ashingle being fed out of the '9 machine by the rolls. In accordance with this invention, means is provided for re-opening the end portion 29a of the butt book 29. As shown in Figs. 19, 20, 23 and 24, this means comprises an arm 329 mounted for swinging movement on a vertical axis with the free end of the arm moving in the horizontal plane of the butt book 29 immediately below the body portion of a shingle being fed out of the machine by the feed rolls 295 and 297. Arm 329 extends from the upper end of a vertical shaft 331 journalled in a bearing 333 carried by a bracket 335 on the left side plate 1 of the machine, the axis of the shaft being located outward of the feed rolls 295' and 297, and generally midway between the ends of the feed rolls. Arm 329 is inclined upward from the upper end of shaft 331 and has a curved free end portion or shoe 337. A spring 339 biases the arm to the rearwardly extending retracted position in which it appears in Fig. 19. In this position of the arm, shoe 337 is adapted to enter between the body portion and the butt hook portion 29a of a shingle being fed out of the machine by feed rolls 295 and 297 and spread portion 29a out to its original position. For this purpose, shoe 337 is wedgeshaped as appears in Fig. 26. Shaft 331 has an arm 339 extending horizontally outward from its lower end carrying a weight 341 to provide inertia tending to retard the rotation of the shaft and the swinging of arm 329. A brace 343 is provided extending between arms 329 and 339.

Figs. 27-29 illustrate the completed shingle comprising the rectangular body portion B having hook mem ber 33 on the outside along its top, hook member 29 on the inside along its bottom, hook member 23 on the outside at its right end, and hook member 21 on the inside along its left end. The top hook member 33 is constituted by an integral generally flat lip of the shingle extending from the top edge of the body B of the shingle at an acute angle to the body. It has a series of integral individual bosses 9 formed thereon projecting inward toward the outside of the body B, these bosses being spaced along its length with the spacing between bosses relatively great in relation to the size of the bosses, and has outwardly offset portion 33a at its right end. The bottom hook member 29 comprises a base portion 2% which forms the butt of the shingle extending generally at right angles to the body B and the upstanding lip 290 which, except for offset portion 29a at the left end of the shingle, is substantially parallel to body B.

Operation is as follows:

The shaft 97 is continuously driven to effect reciprocation of the punch press and strip-feeding unit 5 between stations 1 and 2, with downward movement of the head plate 51 during a dwell interval at station 1, and upward movement of the head plate 51 during a dwell interval at station 2. Starting at station .1 with the head plate 51 of the unit 5 raised, a cycle of the machine involves first the downward movement of the head plate 51 (during the dwell at station 1) to punch out the notches 7, 11 and 13 in the strip S, to form the indentations 9, and to punch the holes 17 in the tab 15 defined by the notches 11 and 13. Then, with the head plate 51 down and clamping the strip against the platen 83, the unit 5 moves bodily forward to station 2, thereby feeding forward that length of the strip S required to produce one shingle. Then unit 5 dwells momentarily at station 2, the head plate 51 is raised, and then the unit 5 is returned rearward to station 1 with head plate 51 raised above the strip S so that the strip is released.

When unit 5 reaches station 2 and completes the forward feed of the strip, cylinders 153 and 163 areoperated to move the strip-clamping bar 159 down and stripclamping bar 169 up into engagement with the strip,

.thereby to prevent the strip from being movedrearward by the unit 5 when it returns from station 2 to station 1. Cam 307, which controls switch 305 for operating the solenoid valve for cylinders 153 and 163, is developed andphased so that the cylinders 153 and 163 are operated to advance the bars 159 and 169 when unit 5 completes a forward stroke and to retract the bars 159 and 169 when unit 5 completes a return stroke. During the return stroke of unit 5, the vertical cylinders 129 and 139 are operated to move bending blade down and bending blade up to bend down the end portion 21 and to bend up the end portion 23 of the part of the strip which lies between stations 3 and 4 (see Fig. 8). At the same time, the cylinders 171 and 181 are operated to move bending blades 177 and 187 inward to complete the bending of the portions 21 and 23 of the part of the strip between stations 4 and 5 (see Fig. 11). Cam 303, which controls switch 301 for operating the solenoid valve for cylinders 129, 139, 171 and 181, is developed and phased so that these cylinders are operated to advance and then retract the bending blades 135, 145, 177 and 187 after the strip-clamping bars 159 and 169 have been operated and before unit 5 completes a return stroke. Also during the return of unit 5 (while the strip is clamped by bars 159 and 169), the cutting and bending blade 197 of the unit 27 is driven downward to shear the strip off at station 5 against the forward edge of the blade 205 and to bend down the rear margin of the cutoff portion of the strip around the blade 209 and anvil 210 (which is in its rearward operative position), and then the bending blade 217 swings forward to make the shingle butt hook 29 with outwardly offset tapered portion 29a (see Figs. 13, 14, 16 and 17). The cam grooves and 221 are developed and phased so that the operation of blades 197 and 217 and their return to retracted position occur during the return of unit 5 and so that blade 197 is down when blade 217 swings forward. Following the retraction of blades 197 and 217, cylinder 210:: is operated to retract the anvil 210, i.e., pull it forward from its rearward operative position to its forward retracted position out of tapered portion 29a of butt hook 29.

Also during the return of unit 5, the cylinder 253 is operated to retract piston rod 259 and swing the blade 245 from its retracted position shown in Fig. 21 to its operative position shown in Fig. 22. Following this, the cylinder 275 is operated to drive the rack 2711 forward and rotate the bar 263 around from its retracted Fig. 21 position to its Fig. 22 position thereby to bend the forward end portion of the strip material around the blade 245 to form the top hook member 33 (having the indentations 9 therein and offset 33a at its right end) and to bend over and flatten down the tab 15. Then the cylinder 253 operates to advance piston rod 259 and to push the blade 245 back to the Fig. 21 position, cylinder 275 is operated to retract the rack 271 and rotate bar 263 back to the 'Fig. 21 position. Then cylinder 287 is operated to push the finished shingle into the nip of feed rolls 295 and 207, which act to feed the shingle outto the. left of the machine.

As the leading end of the shingle enters the feed rolls, there is atendency'for the end of outwardly offset portion 29a of butt hook 29 to be mashed toward the body portion of the shingle by the steel portion 327 of feed roll 297. However, as the leading end of the shingle emerges from between the feed rolls, the left margin of the body portion of the shingle passes over the shoe 337,

and the mashed end of portion 29a of the butt hook 29 passes under the shoe, and the shoe functions to spread open. the end of-portion 29a to restore it to its original condition. The inertia provided by weight 341 holds the arm 329 from swinging outward momentarily until the spreading open of portion 29a has been accomplished, and then the inertia is overcome and the arm swings clockwise as vviewed in Fig. 19 away from its retracted position tojthe position illustrated in dot-dash lines in Fig. 24 clear of butt hook 29 so that only portion 29a of this hook is spread open. After the shingle has been completely ejected, spring 339 returns the arm 329 to retracted position in readiness for spreading open porti n??? 9 he n x h n le.- The me a ti n t t e agar-stats feed rolls is significantly less on the trailing end of' the shingle than on the leading end, and while offset 33a at the trailing end of top hook 33 may be mashed down to some extent, it is not mashed enough to require reopening, and the shingle emerges with oifset 33a substantially intact.

Cams 315, 317, 319 and 323 which control switches 309, 311, 313 and 321 for operating the solenoid valves for cylinders 253, 275, 287 and 210a are developed and phased for carrying out these operations in the stated sequence and during the return stroke of unit 5.

, A completed shingle, as shownin Figs. 27-29, is of generally rectangular shape, having the integral hook member 29 on the inside along its bottom, the integral hook member 33 on the outside along its top, and the integral hook members 21 and 23 at its ends. The bottom hook member 29 has the outwardly olfset end portion 29a at one end of the shingle. Thettop hook member 33 comprises an integral generally fiat portion extending from the top edge of the body B of the shingle at an acute angle to the body of the shingle, with the outwardly offset end portion 33a at the other end of the shingle. This fiat portion has the bosses 9 formed thereon. The angle of top hook member 33 is preferably such that the noses of the bosses are spaced from the outside of the body of the shingle a distance less than the thickness of the sheet metal of the shingle. The bottom hook member 29 of one shingle is adapted to be hooked in under the top hook member 33 of another shingle and is springingly engageable by the bosses of the latter shingle. Any condensate dropletsformed on the undersurface of the one shingle will flow past the top edge of the other.

The bottom hook member 29 essentially comprises the base portion 2% which forms the butt of the shingle generally at right angles to the body B of the shingle and the upstanding portion 290 which is essentially flat and substantially parallel to the body of the shingle and spaced from the body of the shingle a distance slightly greater than the spacing from the body of the shingle of the lower edge of the top hook member 33 except toward the left end of the shingle where it flares away from the body of the shingle to form the outwardly offset end portion 29a. The upstanding portion 290 of the bottom hook member 29 of one shingle is adapted to be hooked in under the angled top hook member 33 of another (being engagcable by the bosses 9 of the latter), and the top edge of the latter shingle is then spaced from the body of the one shingle a distance substantially corresponding to the height of the right-angled butt portion 29b of the one shingle.

The completed shingle also has the nailing tab portion 15 projecting endwise from its body portion B at the upper corner of the shingle at its right end. Thereis a slit 345 in the top hook member 33 dividing the top hook member alongside the outwardly offset end portion 33a thereof to form a portion 347 overlyingiportion 15'and adapted to be flattened down. thereon.

In View of the above, it will be seen that the several objects of the invention are achieved and other advantageous results attained.

As various changes could be made in the above constructions without departing from the scope of the invention, it is intended that all matter contained in the above '12 for cutting off a forward portion of the strip and for bending the rearward margin'of the cut-off portion of the strip to form the hook for a' third edge of a shingle, means forward of said Jcutting means and spaced therefrom a distance corresponding to said predetermined amount of strip feed, operable while the strip is at test between feeding intervals for bending the forward end margin of the strip to form the hook for the fourth edge of a shingle, and means forfeeding completed shingles laterally outward toward one side of the machine, said means for bending the rearward margin of said cut-off portion of the description or shown in the accompanying drawings shall be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense I. claim: I

l. in a machine for making rectangular sheet metal shingles of a type having integral hooks along allfour strip to form the third hook comprising a fixed member and a movable member around which said rearward margin is bent, said movable member being formed and located to provide an outwardly offset portion on said third hook at the end thereof toward said one side of the machine and means for moving said movable member out of said ofiset end portion following the formation of saidthird hook to allow the shingle to be fed laterally out of the machine.

2'. In a machine for making rectangular sheet metal shingles of a type having integral hooks along all four edges from a continuous strip of sheet metal including means for intermittently feeding the strip forward a pre determined amount, means operable while the strip is at rest between feeding intervals forbending over side portions of the strip to form the hooks for two opposite edges of a shingle, means forward or" said bending means operable whilethe strip is at rest between feeding intervals for cutting oil a forward portion of the strip and for bending the rearward margin of the cut-off portion of the, strip to form the hook for third edge of a shingle, means forward of said cutting means and spaced there from a distance corresponding to said predetermined amount of strip feed operable while the strip is at rest between feeding intervals for bendingthe forward end margin of the strip to form the hook for the fourth edge of; a shingle, and means for feeding completed shingles laterally outward toward one side of the machine, said means for bending the rearward margin of said cut-ofi portion of the strip to form the third hook comprising a fixed bending blade extending across the machine and terminating short of said one side of the machine, an anvil formed to provide an outwardlyoffset portion on said third book at the end thereof toward said one side of the machine, said anvil being movable from an operative position aligned with said fixed bending blade at the end thereof toward said one side of the machine and a retracted position forward of its operative position, and :means for moving the anvil forward to retracted position out o-fsaid offset end portion following the formation of the third hook to allow the shingle to be fed laterally out of, themachine.

3. In a machine for making rectangular sheet metal shingles of a type having integral hooks along all four edges from a continuous strip of sheet" metal including means for intermittently feeding the strip forward a predetermined amount, means operable while the strip is at rest betweenfeeding intervals for bending over side portions of the strip toform the hooks for twoopposite edges of a shingle, means'forward of said bending means operable while the'strip is at rest between feeding intervals for cutting off a forward portion of the strip and for bending the-rearward margin of the cut-ofi portion of the strip to form; the hook for a third edge of a shingle, means forward of said cutting means and spaced therefrom a distance corresponding to said predetermined amount of strip feed operable :while the strip is at rest between feeding intervals for bending the forward end margin of the strip to form the hook for the fourth edge of a shingle, and means i for. feeding completed shingles laterally outward toward one side of the machine, saidmeans for cutting the strip and. bending the" rearward margin of said cut-off portion of the "strip to forrfnthe third hook'comprising a fixed "shear blade extending across the machine, a fixed bending blade forward of the shear blade extending across the machine and tenninating short of said one side of the machine, an anvil formed tr:- provide an outwardly offset portion on said third book at the end thereof toward said one side of the machine, said anvil being movable from an operative position aligned with said fixed bending blade at the end thereof toward said one side of the machine and a retracted position forward of its operative position, a shear blade movable downward between said fixed shear blade and said bending blade and anvil to shear the strip against the fixed shear blade and to bend down the rearward margin of the cut-off portion of the strip around the rear edge of the bending blade and anvil, a bending bar movable under the bending blade and anvil to bend forward the bent-down rearward margin of the cut-off portion of the strip, to complete the formation of the third hook, and means for moving the anvil forward to retracted position out of said offset end portion following the formation of the third hook to allow the shingle to be fed laterally out of the machine.

4. In a machine for making rectangular sheet metal shingles of a type having integral hooks along all four edges from a continuous strip of sheet metal including means for intermittently feeding the strip forward a predetermined amount, means operable while the strip is at rest between feeding intervals for bending over side portions of the strip to form the hooks for two opposite edges of a shingle, means forward of said bending means operable while the strip is at rest between feeding intervals for cutting off a forward portion of the strip and for bending the rearward margin of the cut-off portion of the strip to form the hook for a third edge of a shingle, means forward of said cutting means and spaced therefrom a distance corresponding to said predetermined amount of strip feed operable while the strip is at rest between feeding intervals for bending the forward end margin of the strip to form the hook for the fourth edge of a shingle, and means for feeding completed shingles laterally outward toward one side of the machine, said feeding means including a pair of feed rolls at said one side of the machine, and means for pushing a completed shingle into the nip of said feed rolls, said rolls having a tendency to mash down that end of the third hook toward said one side of the machine, and means located outward of said feed rolls adapted to spread open any mashed-down third hook ends as the shingles emerge from the feed rolls.

5. In a machine as set forth in claim 4, said spreading means comprising a spreading member mounted for movement between an operative position for spreading open a mashed-down third hook end and a retracted position clear of the third hook and biased toward its operative position.

6. In a machine as set forth in claim 5, said spreading member having such inertia as to hold it in operative position until the spreading of a mashed-down third hook end is accomplished, said spreading member then being moved from operative to retracted position against said bias by the force exerted thereon by the shingle being fed out by the feed rolls.

7. In a machine as set forth in claim 6, said spreading member comprising a pivoted arm having a wedge-shaped end portion adapted to spread a mashed-down third hook end, and having a weight associated therewith for providing inertia.

8. In a machine for making rectangular sheet metal shingles of a type having integral hooks along all four edges from a continuous strip of sheet metal including means for intermittently feeding the strip forward a predetermined amount, means operable while the strip is at rest between feeding intervals for bending over side portions of the strip to form the hooks for two opposite edges of a shingle, means forward of said bending means operable while the strip is at rest between feeding intervals for cutting off a forward portion of the strip and for bending the rearward margin of the cut-off portion of the strip to form the hook for a third edge of a shingle, means forward of said cutting means and spaced therefrom a distance corresponding to said predetermined amount of strip feed operable While the strip is at rest between feeding intervals for bending the forward end margin of the strip to form the hook for the fourth edge of a shingle, and means for feeding completed shingles laterally outward toward one side of the machine, said means for bending the rearward margin of said cut-01f portion of the strip to form the third hook comprising a fixed memher and a movable member around which said rearward margin is bent, said movable member being formed and located to provide an outwardly offset portion on said third hook at the end thereof toward said one side of the machine, means for moving said movable member out of said offset end portion following the formation of said third book to allow the shingle to be fed later-ally out of the machine, said feeding means including a pair of feed rolls at said one side of the machine, and means for pushing a completed shingle into the nip of said feed rolls, said rolls having a tendency to mash down said outwardly offset end portion of the third hook, and means located outward of said feed rolls adapted to spread open any mashed-down third hook ends as the shingles emerge from the feed rolls.

9. In a machine as set forth in claim 8, said spreading means comprising a spreading member mounted for movement between an operative position for spreading open a mashed-down third book end and a retracted position clear of the third hook and biased toward its operative position.

10. In a machine as set forth in claim 9, said spreading member having such inertia as to hold it in operative position until the spreading of a mashed-down third book end is accomplished, said spreading member then being moved from operative to retracted position against said bias by the force exerted thereon by the shingle being fed out by the feed rolls.

11. In a machine as set forth in claim 10, said spreading member comprising a pivoted arm having a wedge-shaped end portion adapted to spread a mashed-down third hook end, and having a weight associated therewith for providing inertia.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,258,247 Hull Oct. 7, 1941 2,362,006 Herzog Nov. 7, 1944 2,427,762 Carr Sept. 23, 1947 2,444,757 Stastny July 8, 1948

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