US2731081A - Method for the removal of monomers, etc. from molten polymers - Google Patents

Method for the removal of monomers, etc. from molten polymers Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US2731081A
US2731081A US348503A US34850353A US2731081A US 2731081 A US2731081 A US 2731081A US 348503 A US348503 A US 348503A US 34850353 A US34850353 A US 34850353A US 2731081 A US2731081 A US 2731081A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
melt
monomers
inert gas
lactam
frusto
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US348503A
Inventor
Thomas S Mayner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Industrial Rayon Corp
Original Assignee
Industrial Rayon Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Industrial Rayon Corp filed Critical Industrial Rayon Corp
Priority to US348503A priority Critical patent/US2731081A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2731081A publication Critical patent/US2731081A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D1/00—Treatment of filament-forming or like material
    • D01D1/10—Filtering or de-aerating the spinning solution or melt
    • D01D1/103—De-aerating
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S159/00—Concentrating evaporators
    • Y10S159/10—Organic
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S159/00—Concentrating evaporators
    • Y10S159/33—Two liquids, one a heat carrier

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the production of shaped articles such as filaments, monofils, bristles, films and the like from Nylon 6 type polyamide polymers. More particularly, it relates to a process of melt spinning polyamides produced by the polymerization of lactam monomers, e. g., epsilon-amino caprolactam hereinafter referred to as e-caprolactam.
  • lactam monomers e. g., epsilon-amino caprolactam hereinafter referred to as e-caprolactam.
  • the polymer containing excessive lactam is melt-spun and the resulting solidified yarn is coated with a lubricant so as to prevent filament breakage as the yarn passes over handling means such as guides, spools, etc. during the subsequent processing steps, e. g., stretching, packaging, unwinding, etc.
  • the filament breakage referred to is caused by the accumulation of the lactam (a white solid having a melting point of 68 C.) on the handling or guiding means as the yarn passes thereover.
  • the lubricant is added to reduce the amount of hard deposits formed on the guides or other associated yarn contacting devices.
  • the yarn damage caused by the lactam deposits is not sufiiciently eliminated and, in addition, the presence of the lubricant on the yarn renders it more difficult and expensive to leach out the lactam from the fiber. Moreover, the presence of the lubricant increases both the cost of the process and the cost of recovering the lactam from the wash waters.
  • a melt spinning process has been discovered which not only avoids the necessity of forming and washing polymer solid chips, etc., prior to extrusion, but also successfully avoids the loss of yarn strength because of excessive or undesirable quantities of lactam.
  • the process of the present invention may be performed as follows.
  • the fluid melt of the polymer containing excessive or undesirable proportions of the lactam monomers, dimers, etc. is converted prior to spinning into the form of a continuous spreading flow in an enclosed vessel; the flow being advantageously spread by a frusto-conical surface or surfaces.
  • the melt is initially admitted into a circular trough having base openings onto either side of a frusto-cone or cones positioned directly below.
  • the melt thus is provided with a large area or surface over which it continuously flows as a spreading thin film.
  • the excess or undesirable quantities of lactam monomers, etc. that rise, and that are released during the flow and that evaporate from the thinned exposed melt surface are continually removed or exhausted from the chamber.
  • the flow of polymer meanwhile is continuously subjected to a sparging action of an inert gas which can be superheated steam or nitrogen gas, or carbon dioxide which assists greatly in evaporating and in removing rising lactam monomers, etc., and any vapor that is given off, and this mixture of bases being continually evacuated.
  • the exhaust mixture is subsequently condensed in a zone removed from said melt thereby removing the extracted monomers from the melt.
  • the drawing is a schematic arrangement of an apparatus which is advantageously adapted for de-monomerizing a polyamide melt.
  • a source of polymer melt 10 continually supplies melt to an enclosure or chamber 12 through conduit 11.
  • the conduit 11 feeds enclosed trough 14 with a polymer melt.
  • the melt then flows from the trough through openings 15, 16, onto the inner and outer surfaces of frusto-cones 18, 19.
  • the frusto-cones are concentrically positioned in the enclosure 12 and relative each other.
  • the melt is spread by gravity flow finally dropping as a circular sheet or cylinder into the converging conical base 20 of the enclosure 12 from whence it is forced into an extruding device 22 by the pump 21, both devices being only generally shown.
  • the gas is advantageously utilized as a de-monomerizing assistant.
  • the inert gas is supplied by conduit 24 under some pressure and spread by a circular sparger 25 also concentrically positioned within the inner frusto-cone 19.
  • the gas sweeps the inner surfaces of each frusto-cone as well as the outer surfaces, rising through openings 23 in the circular trough 14 into the upper section 30 which is exhausted by conduit 31 being joined with a condenser 32.
  • the temperature of the inert gas and of the melt are closely controlled within desirable ranges for effecting the greatest release of monomers and of vapor.
  • the entire apparatus is lagged for a close temperature control.
  • the operation herein recited can be under atmospheric pressures but it is more desirable that the enclosure 12 be under vacuum for more eifective release of undesirable quantities of monomers, and vapors.
  • the inert gas should be at a temperature equal to and preferably somewhat greater than the temperature of the polyamide melt depending upon the degree of polymerization and the proportion of lactams in the melt.
  • the melting temperature of the polymer may be between 210 C. and 220 C. However, to accelerate the rate of removal it is found advantageous to maintain the melt at temperatures substantially above the melting point, e. g., between 230 C.
  • the duration of treatment of the flow under the above conditions may be varied depending upon the amount of lactam desired in the spun product.
  • proportions of lactam from 3 up to 5 or 6% by weight not only may be tolerated but may be advantageous in their afiect on spinning and the character of the product. It is prefered, however, to reduce the lactam content to below about 4%.
  • a process for continuously evaporating undesirable quantities of monomers from a melt of polyamides obrained by the polymerization of a material selected from the group consisting of e-caprolactam and e-amino caproic acid which comprises, in a heated enclosure continuously gravitationally spreading a melt of said polyamides over the inner and outer surfaces of a right circular frusto-cone, allowing said melt to drop freely into a collecting sump from the lower edge of the frusto-cone, meanwhile subjecting said spreading melt to a sweeping fiow of an inert gas; no additional heat being supplied to the flowing melt other than that contained in the melt and in the said gas, and continuously withdrawing the volatilized monomers and said inert gas.
  • a process for continuously evaporating undesirable quantities of monomers from a melt of polyarnides obtained by the polymerization of a material selected from the group consisting of e-caprolactam and e-amino caproic acid which comprises, in a heated enclosure continuously gravitationally spreading a melt of said polyarnides over the inner and outer surfaces of each of a plurality of right circular frusto-cones, allowing said melt to drop freely into a collecting sump from the lower edges of the frusto-cones, meanwhile subjecting said spreading melt to a sweeping flow of an inert gas; no additional heat being supplied to the flowing melt other than that contained in the melt and in the said gas, and continuously withdrawing the volatilized monomers and said inert gas.

Description

Jan. 17, 1956 T. s. MAYNER 2,731,081 METHOD FOR THE REMOVAL OF MONOMERS, ETC. FROM MOLTEN POLYMERS Filed April 15, 1953 CONDENSER INVENTOI? THOMAS 5. MA YNER A TTOR/VEY 2,731,081 1C Patented Jan. 17, 1956 METHOD FOR THE REMOVAL OF MONOMERS, ETC. FROM MOLTEN POLYMERS Thomas S. Mayner, Chagrin Falls, Ohio, assignor to Industrial Rayon Corporation, Cleveland, Ohio, :1 corporation of Delaware Application April 13, 1953, Serial No. 348,503
5 Claims. (Cl. 159-49) This invention relates to the production of shaped articles such as filaments, monofils, bristles, films and the like from Nylon 6 type polyamide polymers. More particularly, it relates to a process of melt spinning polyamides produced by the polymerization of lactam monomers, e. g., epsilon-amino caprolactam hereinafter referred to as e-caprolactam.
In the polymerization of e-caprolactam it is known that the polymerization reaction does not proced to completion and that at the end of the polymerization reaction a state of equilibrium exists between the polymer and the monomeric or dimeric lactam wherein the polymerization product contains up to about 10% of the unpolymerized lactams.
It is also known that the presence of such lactams in the extruded shaped articles, hereinafter referred to as yarn, present spinning and processing difiiculties. Thus, it may be necessary to interrupt a continuous process operating at increased rates with slow and expensive washing steps prior to or after extrusion. Also, there is a loss of yarn strength caused by the handling of such lactam containing yarns, e. g., during the transfer of such yarns from bobbins, over guides or during stretching and rewinding operations.
Heretofore there have been a number of proposals for meeting the problems created by the presence of excessive lactam in either the spinning melt or in the extruded product. In one proposal the polyamide melt containing excessive lactams is first converted into solid chips, ribbons or beads and the latter washed with warm water to extract the water-soluble lactam and the resulting washed polymer thereafter subjected to an expensive drying operation. In addition'to the disadvantages arising out of the expense of this proposal, it is found that monomeric lactam is reformed when the extracted chips are again melted and maintained at the melt temperature prior to extrusion. Thus, a depolymerization reaction takes place in which up to 5% or more of the lactam is reformed depending upon the length of time it is maintained in the fluid melted state.
In another proposal the polymer containing excessive lactam is melt-spun and the resulting solidified yarn is coated with a lubricant so as to prevent filament breakage as the yarn passes over handling means such as guides, spools, etc. during the subsequent processing steps, e. g., stretching, packaging, unwinding, etc. More specifically, the filament breakage referred to is caused by the accumulation of the lactam (a white solid having a melting point of 68 C.) on the handling or guiding means as the yarn passes thereover. Accordingly, the lubricant is added to reduce the amount of hard deposits formed on the guides or other associated yarn contacting devices. This proposal, however, does not provide a satisfactory solution to the problem. The yarn damage caused by the lactam deposits is not sufiiciently eliminated and, in addition, the presence of the lubricant on the yarn renders it more difficult and expensive to leach out the lactam from the fiber. Moreover, the presence of the lubricant increases both the cost of the process and the cost of recovering the lactam from the wash waters.
In accordance with the present invention, a melt spinning process has been discovered which not only avoids the necessity of forming and washing polymer solid chips, etc., prior to extrusion, but also successfully avoids the loss of yarn strength because of excessive or undesirable quantities of lactam. The process of the present invention may be performed as follows. The fluid melt of the polymer containing excessive or undesirable proportions of the lactam monomers, dimers, etc., is converted prior to spinning into the form of a continuous spreading flow in an enclosed vessel; the flow being advantageously spread by a frusto-conical surface or surfaces. The melt is initially admitted into a circular trough having base openings onto either side of a frusto-cone or cones positioned directly below. The melt thus is provided with a large area or surface over which it continuously flows as a spreading thin film. The excess or undesirable quantities of lactam monomers, etc. that rise, and that are released during the flow and that evaporate from the thinned exposed melt surface are continually removed or exhausted from the chamber. The flow of polymer, meanwhile is continuously subjected to a sparging action of an inert gas which can be superheated steam or nitrogen gas, or carbon dioxide which assists greatly in evaporating and in removing rising lactam monomers, etc., and any vapor that is given off, and this mixture of bases being continually evacuated. The exhaust mixture is subsequently condensed in a zone removed from said melt thereby removing the extracted monomers from the melt.
The process is further more specifically illustrated and described in the following specification and accompanying drawing, where:
The drawing is a schematic arrangement of an apparatus which is advantageously adapted for de-monomerizing a polyamide melt.
Referring to the drawing a source of polymer melt 10 continually supplies melt to an enclosure or chamber 12 through conduit 11. The conduit 11 feeds enclosed trough 14 with a polymer melt. The melt then flows from the trough through openings 15, 16, onto the inner and outer surfaces of frusto- cones 18, 19. The frusto-cones are concentrically positioned in the enclosure 12 and relative each other. The melt is spread by gravity flow finally dropping as a circular sheet or cylinder into the converging conical base 20 of the enclosure 12 from whence it is forced into an extruding device 22 by the pump 21, both devices being only generally shown. As the melt flows downwardly into the base 20 it is being continually swept in counterflow by an inert gas. The gas is advantageously utilized as a de-monomerizing assistant.
The inert gas is supplied by conduit 24 under some pressure and spread by a circular sparger 25 also concentrically positioned within the inner frusto-cone 19. The gas sweeps the inner surfaces of each frusto-cone as well as the outer surfaces, rising through openings 23 in the circular trough 14 into the upper section 30 which is exhausted by conduit 31 being joined with a condenser 32.
The temperature of the inert gas and of the melt are closely controlled within desirable ranges for effecting the greatest release of monomers and of vapor. The entire apparatus is lagged for a close temperature control. The operation herein recited can be under atmospheric pressures but it is more desirable that the enclosure 12 be under vacuum for more eifective release of undesirable quantities of monomers, and vapors. The inert gas should be at a temperature equal to and preferably somewhat greater than the temperature of the polyamide melt depending upon the degree of polymerization and the proportion of lactams in the melt. The melting temperature of the polymer may be between 210 C. and 220 C. However, to accelerate the rate of removal it is found advantageous to maintain the melt at temperatures substantially above the melting point, e. g., between 230 C. and 260 C. and accordingly, employing similar or greater temperatures for the inert gas. Moreover, it has been found that even greater advantages are derived when the inert gas is employed as a current or stream having an appreciable velocity impinging in a scrubbing or washing action on the flowing thin film of the melt.
The duration of treatment of the flow under the above conditions may be varied depending upon the amount of lactam desired in the spun product. Thus, proportions of lactam from 3 up to 5 or 6% by weight not only may be tolerated but may be advantageous in their afiect on spinning and the character of the product. It is prefered, however, to reduce the lactam content to below about 4%.
I claim:
1. A process for continuously evaporating undesirable quantities of monomers from a melt of polyamides obrained by the polymerization of a material selected from the group consisting of e-caprolactam and e-amino caproic acid which comprises, in a heated enclosure continuously gravitationally spreading a melt of said polyamides over the inner and outer surfaces of a right circular frusto-cone, allowing said melt to drop freely into a collecting sump from the lower edge of the frusto-cone, meanwhile subjecting said spreading melt to a sweeping fiow of an inert gas; no additional heat being supplied to the flowing melt other than that contained in the melt and in the said gas, and continuously withdrawing the volatilized monomers and said inert gas.
2. A process as described in claim 1 in which the inert gas is superheated, steam.
3. A process as described in claim 1 in which the inert gas is nitrogen.
4. A process for continuously evaporating undesirable quantities of monomers from a melt of polyarnides obtained by the polymerization of a material selected from the group consisting of e-caprolactam and e-amino caproic acid which comprises, in a heated enclosure continuously gravitationally spreading a melt of said polyarnides over the inner and outer surfaces of each of a plurality of right circular frusto-cones, allowing said melt to drop freely into a collecting sump from the lower edges of the frusto-cones, meanwhile subjecting said spreading melt to a sweeping flow of an inert gas; no additional heat being supplied to the flowing melt other than that contained in the melt and in the said gas, and continuously withdrawing the volatilized monomers and said inert gas.
5. A process as described in claim 4 in which. said plurality of expanding surfaces are concentric.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,238,204 Woods Apr. 15, 1941 2,489,768 Firth Nov. 29, 1949 2,640,761 Wiseman June 2, 1953 FOREIGN PATENTS 144,631 Great Britain May 5, 1921 497,507 Belgium Dec. 1, 1950

Claims (1)

1. A PROCESS FOR CONTINUOUSLY EVAPORATING UNDESIRABLE QUANTITIES OF MONOMERS FROM A MELT OF POLYAMIDES OBTAINED BY THE POLYMERIZATION OF A MATERIAL SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF E-CAPROLACTAM AND E-AMINO CAPROIC ACID WHICH COMPRISES, IN A HEATED ENCLOSURE CONTINUOUSLY GRAVITATIONALLY SPREADING A MELT OF SAID POLYAMIDES OVER THE INNER AND OUTER SURFACES OF A RIGHT CIRCULAR FRUSTO-CONE, ALLOWING SAID MELT TO DROP FREELY INTO A COLLECTING SUMP FROM THE LOWER EDGE OF THE FRUSTO-CONE, MEANWHILE SUBJECTING SAID SPREADING MELT TO A SWEEPING FLOW OF AN INERT GAS; NO ADDITIONAL HEAT BEING SUPPLIED TO THE FLOWING MELT OTHER THAN THAT CONTAINED IN THE MELT AND IN THE SAID GAS, AND CONTINUOUSLY WITHDRAWING THE VOLATILIZED MONOMERS AND SAID INERT GAS.
US348503A 1953-04-13 1953-04-13 Method for the removal of monomers, etc. from molten polymers Expired - Lifetime US2731081A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US348503A US2731081A (en) 1953-04-13 1953-04-13 Method for the removal of monomers, etc. from molten polymers

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US348503A US2731081A (en) 1953-04-13 1953-04-13 Method for the removal of monomers, etc. from molten polymers

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2731081A true US2731081A (en) 1956-01-17

Family

ID=23368307

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US348503A Expired - Lifetime US2731081A (en) 1953-04-13 1953-04-13 Method for the removal of monomers, etc. from molten polymers

Country Status (1)

Country Link
US (1) US2731081A (en)

Cited By (33)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2908666A (en) * 1955-12-22 1959-10-13 Snia Viscosa Process for recovering monomer fractions in the condensation of amino acids and other monomeric products
US2914120A (en) * 1957-01-09 1959-11-24 Dow Chemical Co Devolatilizer
US2960499A (en) * 1957-10-26 1960-11-15 Stamicarbon Preparing a lactam containing lactam oligomers
US2978439A (en) * 1957-03-20 1961-04-04 Bayer Ag Process for the purification of polyamides
US3014077A (en) * 1958-03-29 1961-12-19 Bayer Ag Process for removal of volatile, e.g. malodorous foreign matter from viscous liquids
US3044993A (en) * 1957-09-28 1962-07-17 American Enka Corp Manufacture of linear polycondensation products
US3052654A (en) * 1957-11-08 1962-09-04 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Stabilized polypyrrolidone
US3072464A (en) * 1957-03-01 1963-01-08 Kurashiki Rayon Co Liquid rapid mixing method and apparatus
US3074924A (en) * 1956-04-25 1963-01-22 Continental Oil Co Continuous polymerization process
US3109835A (en) * 1958-10-08 1963-11-05 Allied Chem Process for producing ultrahigh viscosity polycaprolactam
US3146691A (en) * 1959-10-12 1964-09-01 Martin William Mck Heating device
US3155637A (en) * 1959-06-16 1964-11-03 Bayer Ag Process for the production of etremely high molecular weight polyamides
US3207205A (en) * 1961-06-16 1965-09-21 Baker Chem Co J T Extrusion-devolatilization process
US3212559A (en) * 1962-11-29 1965-10-19 Freeport Sulphur Co Method of concentrating liquidcontaining mixtures
US3218297A (en) * 1960-07-01 1965-11-16 Monsanto Co Continuous process for the polymerization of aqueous solutions of hexa-methylene ammonium adipate using frusto-conical annular films of same
US3239490A (en) * 1961-06-07 1966-03-08 Ici Ltd Continuous anionic polymerisation of lactams
US3245964A (en) * 1962-11-13 1966-04-12 Allied Chem Continuous extraction of poly-e-caproamide
US3260703A (en) * 1964-09-08 1966-07-12 Monsanto Co Condensation polymer finishing process
US3280079A (en) * 1963-12-20 1966-10-18 Allied Chem Production of polycaproamide filaments of uniform water content
US3287322A (en) * 1960-01-29 1966-11-22 Hans J Zimmer Vacuum-thermal treatment of polymerized caprolactam to reduce the content of low molecular weight constituents therein
US3335115A (en) * 1963-09-11 1967-08-08 Schwarza Chemiefaser Method of removing monomeric components from polycaprolactam
US3359245A (en) * 1963-06-06 1967-12-19 Vercinigte Glanzstoff Fabriken Process for increasing solution viscosity of polyamide melt
US3372005A (en) * 1962-08-14 1968-03-05 Hooker Chemical Corp Phosphonitrilic chloride purification process
US3378467A (en) * 1964-05-20 1968-04-16 Halcon International Inc Method of recovering unsaturated monomer by thin film evaporation with a gas and absorption with a solvent
US3447583A (en) * 1965-05-21 1969-06-03 Bayer Ag Process for the continuous removal of monomeric and oligomeric fractions from nitrogen containing polymers
US3501441A (en) * 1968-05-06 1970-03-17 Monsanto Co Process for preparing a polyamide
US3549504A (en) * 1966-05-05 1970-12-22 Takeda Chemical Industries Ltd Method for the purification of organic polyisocyanates by fractional distillation in presence of an inert gas or superheated vapor of an organic solvent
US3847714A (en) * 1972-06-15 1974-11-12 Dasi Industries Method and apparatus for heat treating liqueform materials
US3865672A (en) * 1971-07-30 1975-02-11 Basf Ag Process for the removal of volatiles from polymer solutions
USRE28937E (en) * 1971-11-18 1976-08-24 Allied Chemical Corporation Control of viscosity and polycaproamide degradation during vacuum polycondensation
US3989677A (en) * 1973-11-17 1976-11-02 Bayer Aktiengesellschaft Process for the production of polyamides
US4017355A (en) * 1970-12-18 1977-04-12 Nippon Oil Company Ltd. Process for treating latices
EP1079695A1 (en) * 1999-03-22 2001-03-07 Artur G. Zimmer Apparatus and method for treatment of fluent food products

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE497507A (en) * 1949-11-07
GB144631A (en) * 1919-06-10 1921-05-05 Augustin Rambaud Improvements in evaporating and concentrating apparatus for syrups and the like
US2238204A (en) * 1937-04-22 1941-04-15 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Method and apparatus for the production of fine filaments of glass
US2489768A (en) * 1948-05-14 1949-11-29 Firth Francis George Device for accelerating reactions
US2640761A (en) * 1949-11-25 1953-06-02 West End Chemical Company Evaporating apparatus

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB144631A (en) * 1919-06-10 1921-05-05 Augustin Rambaud Improvements in evaporating and concentrating apparatus for syrups and the like
US2238204A (en) * 1937-04-22 1941-04-15 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Method and apparatus for the production of fine filaments of glass
US2489768A (en) * 1948-05-14 1949-11-29 Firth Francis George Device for accelerating reactions
BE497507A (en) * 1949-11-07
US2640761A (en) * 1949-11-25 1953-06-02 West End Chemical Company Evaporating apparatus

Cited By (34)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2908666A (en) * 1955-12-22 1959-10-13 Snia Viscosa Process for recovering monomer fractions in the condensation of amino acids and other monomeric products
US3074924A (en) * 1956-04-25 1963-01-22 Continental Oil Co Continuous polymerization process
US2914120A (en) * 1957-01-09 1959-11-24 Dow Chemical Co Devolatilizer
US3072464A (en) * 1957-03-01 1963-01-08 Kurashiki Rayon Co Liquid rapid mixing method and apparatus
US2978439A (en) * 1957-03-20 1961-04-04 Bayer Ag Process for the purification of polyamides
US3044993A (en) * 1957-09-28 1962-07-17 American Enka Corp Manufacture of linear polycondensation products
US2960499A (en) * 1957-10-26 1960-11-15 Stamicarbon Preparing a lactam containing lactam oligomers
US3052654A (en) * 1957-11-08 1962-09-04 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Stabilized polypyrrolidone
US3014077A (en) * 1958-03-29 1961-12-19 Bayer Ag Process for removal of volatile, e.g. malodorous foreign matter from viscous liquids
US3109835A (en) * 1958-10-08 1963-11-05 Allied Chem Process for producing ultrahigh viscosity polycaprolactam
US3155637A (en) * 1959-06-16 1964-11-03 Bayer Ag Process for the production of etremely high molecular weight polyamides
US3146691A (en) * 1959-10-12 1964-09-01 Martin William Mck Heating device
US3287322A (en) * 1960-01-29 1966-11-22 Hans J Zimmer Vacuum-thermal treatment of polymerized caprolactam to reduce the content of low molecular weight constituents therein
US3218297A (en) * 1960-07-01 1965-11-16 Monsanto Co Continuous process for the polymerization of aqueous solutions of hexa-methylene ammonium adipate using frusto-conical annular films of same
US3239490A (en) * 1961-06-07 1966-03-08 Ici Ltd Continuous anionic polymerisation of lactams
US3207205A (en) * 1961-06-16 1965-09-21 Baker Chem Co J T Extrusion-devolatilization process
US3372005A (en) * 1962-08-14 1968-03-05 Hooker Chemical Corp Phosphonitrilic chloride purification process
US3245964A (en) * 1962-11-13 1966-04-12 Allied Chem Continuous extraction of poly-e-caproamide
US3212559A (en) * 1962-11-29 1965-10-19 Freeport Sulphur Co Method of concentrating liquidcontaining mixtures
US3359245A (en) * 1963-06-06 1967-12-19 Vercinigte Glanzstoff Fabriken Process for increasing solution viscosity of polyamide melt
US3335115A (en) * 1963-09-11 1967-08-08 Schwarza Chemiefaser Method of removing monomeric components from polycaprolactam
US3280079A (en) * 1963-12-20 1966-10-18 Allied Chem Production of polycaproamide filaments of uniform water content
US3378467A (en) * 1964-05-20 1968-04-16 Halcon International Inc Method of recovering unsaturated monomer by thin film evaporation with a gas and absorption with a solvent
US3260703A (en) * 1964-09-08 1966-07-12 Monsanto Co Condensation polymer finishing process
US3447583A (en) * 1965-05-21 1969-06-03 Bayer Ag Process for the continuous removal of monomeric and oligomeric fractions from nitrogen containing polymers
US3549504A (en) * 1966-05-05 1970-12-22 Takeda Chemical Industries Ltd Method for the purification of organic polyisocyanates by fractional distillation in presence of an inert gas or superheated vapor of an organic solvent
US3501441A (en) * 1968-05-06 1970-03-17 Monsanto Co Process for preparing a polyamide
US4017355A (en) * 1970-12-18 1977-04-12 Nippon Oil Company Ltd. Process for treating latices
US3865672A (en) * 1971-07-30 1975-02-11 Basf Ag Process for the removal of volatiles from polymer solutions
USRE28937E (en) * 1971-11-18 1976-08-24 Allied Chemical Corporation Control of viscosity and polycaproamide degradation during vacuum polycondensation
US3847714A (en) * 1972-06-15 1974-11-12 Dasi Industries Method and apparatus for heat treating liqueform materials
US3989677A (en) * 1973-11-17 1976-11-02 Bayer Aktiengesellschaft Process for the production of polyamides
EP1079695A1 (en) * 1999-03-22 2001-03-07 Artur G. Zimmer Apparatus and method for treatment of fluent food products
EP1079695A4 (en) * 1999-03-22 2001-06-27 Artur G Zimmer Apparatus and method for treatment of fluent food products

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US2731081A (en) Method for the removal of monomers, etc. from molten polymers
US2719776A (en) Elimination of monomers from lactampolymerization products
US2289860A (en) Process and apparatus for the production of artificial fibers and the like
US2289774A (en) Process and apparatus for shaping polymeric materials
US2957747A (en) Process for producing crimpable polyamide filaments
US2687552A (en) Process and apparatus for direct spinning of polyamides
US2273188A (en) Method and apparatus for producing artificial structures
US3907957A (en) Quenching process for melt extruded filaments
US2867805A (en) Process for the elimination of the unconverted polymer-forming monomers from synthetic linear polyamides
CN111304771A (en) Melt direct spinning method of copolymerization modified low-melting-point nylon fiber
US2735840A (en) Vacuum pump
US2318679A (en) Production of artificial filaments, films, and like materials
US3415922A (en) Mist spinning
US3061402A (en) Wet spinning synthetic fibers
US3047541A (en) Process for the continuous production of polyamide fibers and ribbons
US2904109A (en) Method for the removal of monomers, etc., from molten polymers
US3557544A (en) Compositions and yarn made therefrom
US2822237A (en) Process for producing filament of vinyl chloride polymer
JPH11501371A (en) Method for producing cellulose fiber and apparatus for performing the method
US3245964A (en) Continuous extraction of poly-e-caproamide
US3480596A (en) Process of forming polymeric material of increased relative viscosity
US3345445A (en) Melt spinning process of polyamides
US2927841A (en) Process for spinning polyamides which contain a phenylphosphinate and product
JPS6218425A (en) Production of melt-stable polyamide for melt-spinning of fabric yarn
US2753594A (en) Apparatus for use in the melt-spinning of synthetic polymers