US20160113737A1 - Method for producing a patient-specific replacement bracket for an orthodontic treatment, and bracket produced by this method - Google Patents
Method for producing a patient-specific replacement bracket for an orthodontic treatment, and bracket produced by this method Download PDFInfo
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- US20160113737A1 US20160113737A1 US14/892,479 US201414892479A US2016113737A1 US 20160113737 A1 US20160113737 A1 US 20160113737A1 US 201414892479 A US201414892479 A US 201414892479A US 2016113737 A1 US2016113737 A1 US 2016113737A1
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- slot
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
- A61C7/00—Orthodontics, i.e. obtaining or maintaining the desired position of teeth, e.g. by straightening, evening, regulating, separating, or by correcting malocclusions
- A61C7/002—Orthodontic computer assisted systems
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
- A61C7/00—Orthodontics, i.e. obtaining or maintaining the desired position of teeth, e.g. by straightening, evening, regulating, separating, or by correcting malocclusions
- A61C7/12—Brackets; Arch wires; Combinations thereof; Accessories therefor
- A61C7/14—Brackets; Fixing brackets to teeth
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
- A61C7/00—Orthodontics, i.e. obtaining or maintaining the desired position of teeth, e.g. by straightening, evening, regulating, separating, or by correcting malocclusions
- A61C7/12—Brackets; Arch wires; Combinations thereof; Accessories therefor
- A61C7/14—Brackets; Fixing brackets to teeth
- A61C7/145—Lingual brackets
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
- A61C7/00—Orthodontics, i.e. obtaining or maintaining the desired position of teeth, e.g. by straightening, evening, regulating, separating, or by correcting malocclusions
- A61C7/12—Brackets; Arch wires; Combinations thereof; Accessories therefor
- A61C7/14—Brackets; Fixing brackets to teeth
- A61C7/146—Positioning or placement of brackets; Tools therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
- A61C7/00—Orthodontics, i.e. obtaining or maintaining the desired position of teeth, e.g. by straightening, evening, regulating, separating, or by correcting malocclusions
- A61C7/12—Brackets; Arch wires; Combinations thereof; Accessories therefor
- A61C7/14—Brackets; Fixing brackets to teeth
- A61C7/16—Brackets; Fixing brackets to teeth specially adapted to be cemented to teeth
Definitions
- the invention relates to a process for the manufacture of a patient-specific replacement bracket for orthodontic treatment and to a bracket manufactured according to the process.
- brackets are bonded to the teeth of the patient to be treated and connected together by an orthodontic wire.
- the brackets have a pad for connection with the tooth and a bracket body with a slot that receives the wire.
- brackets are used for orthodontic treatment which have an individualized pad, i.e. the pad of the bracket has an adhesive surface for connection with the tooth which is adapted to the respective tooth, so that the bracket can be placed in a certain position in a form-fit on the tooth.
- a completely individualized replacement bracket is manufactured by means of an existing target set-up of gypsum.
- the procedure is especially complicated in that the already existing target set-up usually must be sent first to a technical workshop and there the replacement bracket must be manufactured then and sent back.
- a disadvantage in the manufacture of a completely individualized replacement bracket is that the process is complex, especially gypsum models of set-ups need to be consigned.
- An object of the present invention is therefore to provide a simpler and more cost-effective process for the manufacture of a completely individualized replacement bracket.
- the object is achieved by a process with the features of claim 1 , which leads to a corresponding bracket according to its independent claim.
- Step 1a) comprises: 2a) Creating a patient-specific target set-up of the supramaxilla or submaxilla of a patient, 2b) determining a slot plane of a bracket to be arranged on the teeth of the supramaxilla or submaxilla to be treated, 2c) disposing of brackets on the teeth of the supramaxilla or submaxilla to be treated, 2d) determining the reference plane in the target set-up relative to the slot plane, 2e) removing the brackets from the target set-up, and 2f) electronically storing the target set-up, including the reference plane.
- Step 2a) is carried out by means of a gypsum model or by means of a virtual model of the supramaxilla or submaxilla.
- Step 2d) may be carried out prior to Step 2c).
- Step 2f) electronically storing is effected by scanning a physical target set-up or by storing a digital target set-up.
- a lingual or buccal bracket element may be provided as a bracket element in order to manufacture a lingual bracket or a buccal bracket as a replacement bracket.
- the reference plane in Step 1a) may be displayed continuously, for example by a line, or intermittently, for example dash-dotted, on selected teeth.
- the reference plane in Step 1a) may be defined the same for all teeth, for example, from 18 to 28, or be selected for a selected region, for example, from 13 to 23, and for the remaining regions a displacement relative thereto, for example, lowering or elevating of the reference plane, may be defined.
- the reference plane may be defined at a fixed distance, for example, 3 to 6 cm from the slot plane. or individually, in particular the reference plane and slot plane are identical.
- the relevant sector to be defined in Step 1c) may comprise at least a section of the tooth and preferably the tooth, particularly with an additional gingival section, optionally at least an additional section of the mesially and/or distally adjacent tooth, preferably the whole tooth, in particular each with an additional gingival section.
- the marking may be realized as a 2D line or as a 3D body, in particular as a retaining section for the tooth.
- the marking may be arranged on the upper or lower edge of a slot in the slot plane, or in the case of a 3D body at the level of the slot plane, wherein in the latter case, the 3D body in occlusal-gingival direction preferably has a thickness that corresponds to the level of the slots of the brackets in this direction.
- the retaining section for buccal brackets is arranged preferably lingually and for lingual brackets preferably buccally.
- the retaining section in Step 1g) is preferably connected with a technician's holder.
- the creating of the model in Step 1e) may be effected by printing the sector with a 3D printer or by means of a CNC machine or a rapid prototyping machine.
- the sector in Step 1c) may be defined manually or automatically, for examples, by software.
- the bracket body may be connected with an individualized pad or the standard bracket may be provided with an individualized pad, for example, by filling a gap between the tooth and the pad of the standard bracket with a plastic material and curing the same.
- a 2D marking may be generated, for example, in the form of a line or dots, whereby the slot level and the angulation of the corresponding bracket are defined.
- a 3D marking may be generated, for example, in the form of a pin, whereby the slot level, the angulation and the torque of the corresponding bracket are defined.
- a 3D marking may be generated with the help of at least one bracket constraint, for example, in the form of a pin, whereby the slot level, the angulation, the torque and the rotation of the corresponding brackets are defined.
- bracket constraint a perpendicular to a bracket center that extends perpendicularly to the slot, or the position and the profile of the slot can be used, wherein the constraint preferably is additionally stored in the 3D presentation of the supramaxilla or submaxilla provided in Step 1a).
- a pin-shaped retaining section is preferably generated having a lateral surface that is arranged at the level of the upper or lower edge of the slot of the corresponding bracket.
- FIG. 1 a buccal lateral view of a target set-up of a submaxilla from the right in the gypsum model
- FIG. 2 two lateral views of a tooth section with a retaining element
- FIG. 3 a level adjustment between a tooth receptacle for the tooth section of FIG. 2 and a holder for the bracket element having a slot
- FIG. 4 a lateral view of the tooth receptacle with inserted tooth section and a holder with bracket placed on
- FIG. 5 a perspective view of FIG. 4 .
- FIG. 6 various views in which the bracket is bonded to the tooth section
- FIG. 7 a perspective view of the tooth section with the bracket of FIG. 6 , but without a retaining element.
- a gypsum model of the submaxilla of a patient is created, which is to be treated by orthodontic means.
- the gypsum model is sawn resulting in the teeth being separated.
- the teeth are arranged in a target set-up 11 , cf. FIG. 1 , which is supposed to display the desired outcome at the end of treatment.
- brackets 1 are bonded to the teeth 5 to be treated.
- lingual brackets 1 are bonded to the teeth 5 to be treated; only one bracket 1 on tooth 46 is depicted in FIG. 1 as representative in dashed lines.
- an orthodontic wire 13 is guided, also shown only in broken lines in order to exert via the slots 3 S and the brackets 1 a force on the teeth 5 , in order to move the respective teeth 5 to a desired position.
- all the slots 3 S of the brackets 1 shall essentially lie in one plane, the so-called slot plane 3 SE, as shown in FIG. 1 .
- a target set-up 11 is made of gypsum and brackets 1 are bonded on the teeth 5 , wherein said slots 3 S of the brackets lie in one plane 3 SE.
- a reference plane 9 is now defined.
- the reference plane 9 is shown in FIG. 1 by dashed lines. It is presently defined by three reference plane markings 9 M in the form of circles on the gypsum model, of which the respective centers define the reference plane 9 . Of the three reference plane markings 9 M, one is shown dashed because it is located on the opposite (hidden left) side of the gypsum model.
- the reference plane 9 has a fixed distance from the lower edge 3 US of the slots 3 S of the brackets 1 , for example, a distance of an interval from 1 to 10 cm, presently 3 cm.
- brackets 1 are removed from the target set-up 11 , resulting in the target set-up 11 of FIG. 1 without the bracket 1 illustrated in dashed lines and the wire 13 illustrated in dashed lines.
- the thus manufactured target set-up 11 will now be scanned using a scanner and the digital computer model of the target set-up 11 is stored in a computer.
- a model of the target set-up 11 is thus available in the computer, which also contains the reference plane 9 . Because the computer model contains the reference plane 9 , and the relation between the slot plane 3 S and the reference plane 9 is known, the slot plane 3 S is thus also defined for the computer model.
- the above-mentioned computer model of the target set-up 11 is loaded into the computer.
- the tooth 5 for which the replacement bracket is to be fabricated, is selected in the model and cut out by hand from the rest of the model, so that only the computer model of the respective tooth 5 is present for subsequent processing.
- a marking for the lower edge 3 US of the slot plane 3 SE of the slot 3 S of the bracket 1 corresponding to the respective tooth 5 is added to tooth 5 .
- a retaining section of the tooth is added to the computer model, shown herein exemplarily in the form of a pin.
- the retaining section is added to the computer model of the tooth such that an edge of the retaining section is arranged at the level of the lower edge 3 US of the slot 3 S.
- the computer model of the tooth now arises from the representation of FIG. 2 .
- FIG. 2 shows two lateral views of a 3D model of the tooth 5 , for which a replacement bracket shall be manufactured. From the tooth 5 , only that section can be seen, which lies above the gingival edge, i.e., the normally visible part of the patient's tooth 5 .
- a retaining section 5 H in the form of a pin was added to the tooth 5 as retainer.
- the retaining section 5 H has as cross-section substantially in the shape of a rectangle, wherein in FIG. 2 the upper lateral edge of the rectangle is slightly shortened compared to the lower lateral edge.
- the retaining section 5 H is arranged on the model of the tooth 5 such that the lower lateral edge in FIG. 2 is a marking 5 MS for the slot plane, i.e., this edge is arranged at the level of the lower edge 3 US of the slot 3 S of the corresponding bracket 1 .
- a model of the tooth 5 for which a replacement bracket shall be manufactured, thus is available in the computer.
- the model was extended by the retaining section 5 H, which has the form of a pin and one edge of which is arranged at the level of the lower edge 3 US of the slot 3 S of the corresponding bracket 1 .
- the computer model of FIG. 2 created in this way is created in the next step as a physical model, for example, printed, or produced out of plastic by means of a 3D printer. Then, a plastic model of the tooth 5 is available, which has a level mark for the lower edge 3 US of the slot 3 S and has a retaining section 5 H for holding the physical model.
- FIG. 3 shows the front view of a retaining section seat 7 of a technician's holder, which is adapted for receiving the retaining section 5 H of the printed tooth 5 , and the lateral view of a slot receptacle 15 of another technician's holder for receiving a slot 3 S.
- the slot receptacle 15 has, in the view of FIG. 3 in a vertical direction at the free end, the thickness of a slot-filling orthodontic wire.
- the free end simulates in this way a slot-filling orthodontic wire, i.e. it forms a wire simulator 15 S.
- a slot 3 S of a bracket can thus be pushed without play onto this wire simulator 15 S, as described below.
- the underside 15 SUS of the wire simulator 15 S lies on the same level as the lower edge 3 US of a slot 3 S of the bracket 1 corresponding to the tooth 5 , as shown in FIG. 3 .
- the retaining section seat 7 centrally has a recess 7 A which is dimensioned such that the retaining section 5 H of the printed tooth 5 can be inserted therein in a form-fit manner.
- the lower edge of the recess 7 A in FIG. 3 is at the level of the lower edge 3 US of the slot 3 of the bracket 1 corresponding to the tooth 5 .
- the support surface 7 AF of the retaining section seat 7 on which the underside 15 SUS rests is on the same level as the underside of the recess 7 A.
- the slot receptacle 15 on the one technician's holder and the retaining section seat 7 is on the other technician's holder each have edges that are at the level of the lower edge 3 US of the slot 3 S of the bracket 1 belonging to the tooth 5 . To relate these levels to the same zero point, these levels are adjusted to each other, as shown in FIG. 3 .
- the underside 15 SUS is placed on the depicted support surface 7 AF of the retaining section seat 7 and thus the reciprocal zero points of the slot receptacle 15 and of the retaining section seat 7 are adjusted to each other, whereby the level adjustment is completed.
- the printed tooth 5 with its retaining section 5 H is inserted into the recess 7 A of the retaining section seat 7 and a standard bracket 2 is placed on the wire simulator 15 S of the slot receptacle 15 , as shown in FIG. 4 .
- the printed tooth 5 and the standard bracket 2 are each brought together to properly place the standard bracket 2 onto the printed tooth 5 .
- FIG. 5 shows a perspective view of the arrangement shown in FIG. 4 .
- a gap between the pad of the standard bracket 2 and the printed tooth 5 is filled and cured with a plastic material or an adhesive, to form a patient-specific pad for the standard bracket 2 .
- FIG. 6 shows various views of the standard bracket 2 bonded onto the printed tooth 5 , which now forms the replacement bracket 3 .
- the replacement bracket 3 thus comprises the standard bracket 2 and the individualized pad, which is formed of the cured plastic material.
- the replacement bracket 3 can be bonded by the individualized pad form fittingly to the tooth 5 of the patient.
- a lingual bracket was manufactured in the above-mentioned process for the manufacture of a replacement bracket. However, the process can be used in the same manner to manufacture buccal brackets.
- the reference plane 9 was depicted in the above-described process as a plane, which is valid for all of the teeth 5 of a jaw of a patient. However, it may be necessary to define the reference plane 9 only for selected regions of a jaw, i.e. subdivide it into intervals. In some cases, it proves to be necessary to lower the slot plane, and thus the reference plane on the left and/or right lateral teeth area for orthodontic reasons. In such a case, the reference plane from 47 to 33 can lie at one level, and for the range from 34 to 37 it can lie at a different level, for example, be lowered by 1 mm relative to the other.
- a reference plane can be defined from 33 to 43, and in the region from 34 to 37 a lowering by 0.5 mm and in the region from 44 to 47 a lowering by 1 mm can be defined. In such cases, it may be sufficient to note down only the lowering or raising in the affected tooth areas and the affected tooth areas and not to draw the lowering or elevation in the model. In this way, the reference plane receives variable levels in defined sections by adjusting the slot plane in these sections.
- the reference plane 9 can be arranged on the same side as the brackets 1 , i.e. drawn in on the buccal side in case of buccal brackets and on the lingual side in case of lingual brackets. Alternatively, it is also possible to draw in the reference plane on the other respective side. For example, it is possible in case if buccal brackets to draw in the reference plane 9 on the lingual side, in particular on the lingual side of some selected or all of the teeth. In this way, the reference plane 9 can be drawn in for each tooth individually, and in a small spatial distance from the slot 3 S of the corresponding bracket 1 . Thus, it is for example possible to use the lower edge 3 US of a slot 3 S of a bracket 1 as a reference plane 9 for the corresponding tooth 5 .
- the target set-up was prepared from gypsum.
- the other steps such as, for example, the arrangement of brackets on the teeth, the definition of the slot plane and definition of the reference plane can be executed directly in the software.
- the virtual set-up resulting thereby can be stored with the brackets, the orthodontic wire, the slot plane and the reference plane, or even only with parts of it, for example only with the slot plane and the reference plane. If then a request for manufacturing a replacement bracket comes in, the desired section of the tooth can be manufactured directly from the model.
- the replacement bracket for the tooth 5 in the process described above, the part of the tooth 5 visible in the patient was cut out by hand from the rest of the computer model of the target set-up 11 .
- it may be sufficient to select a small section of the tooth for example, to print only the buccal half of the tooth without the lingual half of the tooth.
- it may also be necessary to select a larger section for example, to add a gingival section 5 g, see FIG. 1 , or to add mesial and/or distal sections 5 m, 5 d of adjacent teeth 5 , see FIG. 1 .
- Defining the relevant section may be done manually, as described earlier. However, it is also possible to define the relevant section by means of software.
- the tooth 5 as shown in FIG. 2 can always be identified automatically and cut out from the rest of the computer model.
- the above-described process for manufacturing a replacement bracket generates a patient-specific pad for a standard bracket.
- the standard bracket, pad and bracket body are one unit and the patient-specific pad is generated to manufacture the patient-specific replacement bracket.
- there are also other methods of manufacture of patient-specific brackets where, for example, first a pad with a patient-specific bonding surface is manufactured, and then the pad manufactured in this manner is united with a bracket body to form a bracket.
- Such a process of manufacture is, for example, disclosed in DE102011003892.
- the process of manufacture according to the invention is also suitable for this type of process of manufacture. For this purpose, one may proceed as described above, and in FIGS. 4 and 5 , the bracket body must solely be placed on the slot receptacle 15 and the patient—specific pad onto the printed tooth 5 to subsequently fix the bracket body on the individualized pad, for example by laser welding, to manufacture the patient-specific replacement bracket.
- a retaining section 5 H was added to the computer model of the tooth 5 as a marking for the slot plane. In doing so, only the level of the retaining section 5 H was defined such that its lower edge is at the level of the lower edge 3 US of the slot 3 S of the bracket. Where the retaining section 5 H is located along the tooth circumference (at the same level), is at present irrelevant, so that the retaining section 5 H, for example, can be arranged mesially, lingually or distally for a buccal bracket.
- slot plane is defined on the tooth by means of a 2D marking, for example, by a line, strip or a series of points, then by this marking only the slot level and angulation, i.e., the tilt in mesial-distal direction, of the bracket are defined.
- the slot plane is defined on the tooth by means of a 3D marking, such as, for example, by the pin-shaped retaining section 5 H according to FIG. 2 , then the slot level, the angulation and the torque, i.e. the tilt in lingual-buccal direction, of the bracket are defined.
- slot plane is uniquely defined on the tooth by means of a 3D marking at a predetermined position, i.e., without a free degree of freedom, for example, such that the retaining section 5 H of FIG. 2 is printed at the same level along the tooth circumference at a particular circumferential location, then slot level, angulation, torque and rotation, i.e., the rotation about the longitudinal axis of tooth, of the bracket are defined.
- bracket constraint is stored for each bracket, which makes its location on the tooth definite.
- additional information for example, a line passing through the bracket center and perpendicularly to a surface of the bracket can be used.
- slot of the bracket i.e. its location or arrangement in space can be stored with it.
- the target set-up 11 illustrated in FIG. 1 is stored first with brackets and then without brackets. Based on the computer model without brackets, a 3D marking is then added to the tooth 5 in the process according to the invention, for example, a retaining section 5 H shown in FIG. 2 . The location of the retaining section 5 H along the tooth circumference is then defined using the computer model with brackets: The model with brackets is loaded over the other model and the retaining section 5 H, for example, is displaced so long along the tooth circumference until it is exactly opposite the bracket from the target set-up 11 , i.e.
- the bracket can be aligned to the retaining section 5 H until the standard bracket 2 is exactly opposite the retaining section 5 H.
- the standard bracket 2 then has exactly the location as the bracket 1 during the initial scan of the models with and without brackets.
Abstract
Description
- The invention relates to a process for the manufacture of a patient-specific replacement bracket for orthodontic treatment and to a bracket manufactured according to the process.
- For orthodontic treatment of patients with fixed-brace, brackets are bonded to the teeth of the patient to be treated and connected together by an orthodontic wire. The brackets have a pad for connection with the tooth and a bracket body with a slot that receives the wire.
- Preferably, brackets are used for orthodontic treatment which have an individualized pad, i.e. the pad of the bracket has an adhesive surface for connection with the tooth which is adapted to the respective tooth, so that the bracket can be placed in a certain position in a form-fit on the tooth.
- During the treatment it may happen that a bracket detaches from its tooth and it must therefore be replaced.
- In such a case, typically, a completely individualized replacement bracket is manufactured by means of an existing target set-up of gypsum. In practice the procedure is especially complicated in that the already existing target set-up usually must be sent first to a technical workshop and there the replacement bracket must be manufactured then and sent back.
- A disadvantage in the manufacture of a completely individualized replacement bracket is that the process is complex, especially gypsum models of set-ups need to be consigned.
- An object of the present invention is therefore to provide a simpler and more cost-effective process for the manufacture of a completely individualized replacement bracket.
- According to the invention, the object is achieved by a process with the features of
claim 1, which leads to a corresponding bracket according to its independent claim. - Advantageously, Step 1a) comprises: 2a) Creating a patient-specific target set-up of the supramaxilla or submaxilla of a patient, 2b) determining a slot plane of a bracket to be arranged on the teeth of the supramaxilla or submaxilla to be treated, 2c) disposing of brackets on the teeth of the supramaxilla or submaxilla to be treated, 2d) determining the reference plane in the target set-up relative to the slot plane, 2e) removing the brackets from the target set-up, and 2f) electronically storing the target set-up, including the reference plane.
- Preferably, Step 2a) is carried out by means of a gypsum model or by means of a virtual model of the supramaxilla or submaxilla.
- Step 2d) may be carried out prior to Step 2c).
- In Step 2f) electronically storing is effected by scanning a physical target set-up or by storing a digital target set-up.
- In Step 1f) a lingual or buccal bracket element may be provided as a bracket element in order to manufacture a lingual bracket or a buccal bracket as a replacement bracket.
- The reference plane in Step 1a) may be displayed continuously, for example by a line, or intermittently, for example dash-dotted, on selected teeth.
- The reference plane in Step 1a) may be defined the same for all teeth, for example, from 18 to 28, or be selected for a selected region, for example, from 13 to 23, and for the remaining regions a displacement relative thereto, for example, lowering or elevating of the reference plane, may be defined.
- The reference plane may be defined at a fixed distance, for example, 3 to 6 cm from the slot plane. or individually, in particular the reference plane and slot plane are identical.
- The relevant sector to be defined in Step 1c) may comprise at least a section of the tooth and preferably the tooth, particularly with an additional gingival section, optionally at least an additional section of the mesially and/or distally adjacent tooth, preferably the whole tooth, in particular each with an additional gingival section.
- The marking may be realized as a 2D line or as a 3D body, in particular as a retaining section for the tooth.
- In the case of a 2D line the marking may be arranged on the upper or lower edge of a slot in the slot plane, or in the case of a 3D body at the level of the slot plane, wherein in the latter case, the 3D body in occlusal-gingival direction preferably has a thickness that corresponds to the level of the slots of the brackets in this direction.
- The retaining section for buccal brackets is arranged preferably lingually and for lingual brackets preferably buccally.
- The retaining section in Step 1g) is preferably connected with a technician's holder.
- The creating of the model in Step 1e) may be effected by printing the sector with a 3D printer or by means of a CNC machine or a rapid prototyping machine.
- The sector in Step 1c) may be defined manually or automatically, for examples, by software.
- In Step 1h) the bracket body may be connected with an individualized pad or the standard bracket may be provided with an individualized pad, for example, by filling a gap between the tooth and the pad of the standard bracket with a plastic material and curing the same.
- In Step 1d) a 2D marking may be generated, for example, in the form of a line or dots, whereby the slot level and the angulation of the corresponding bracket are defined.
- In Step 1d) a 3D marking may be generated, for example, in the form of a pin, whereby the slot level, the angulation and the torque of the corresponding bracket are defined.
- In Step 1d) a 3D marking may be generated with the help of at least one bracket constraint, for example, in the form of a pin, whereby the slot level, the angulation, the torque and the rotation of the corresponding brackets are defined.
- As the bracket constraint, a perpendicular to a bracket center that extends perpendicularly to the slot, or the position and the profile of the slot can be used, wherein the constraint preferably is additionally stored in the 3D presentation of the supramaxilla or submaxilla provided in Step 1a).
- As marking, a pin-shaped retaining section is preferably generated having a lateral surface that is arranged at the level of the upper or lower edge of the slot of the corresponding bracket.
- Further features, details, and advantages of the invention become apparent from the claims, and the following description of preferred embodiments and on the basis of the drawing. Figures show the following:
-
FIG. 1 a buccal lateral view of a target set-up of a submaxilla from the right in the gypsum model, -
FIG. 2 two lateral views of a tooth section with a retaining element, -
FIG. 3 a level adjustment between a tooth receptacle for the tooth section ofFIG. 2 and a holder for the bracket element having a slot, -
FIG. 4 a lateral view of the tooth receptacle with inserted tooth section and a holder with bracket placed on, -
FIG. 5 a perspective view ofFIG. 4 , -
FIG. 6 various views in which the bracket is bonded to the tooth section, and -
FIG. 7 a perspective view of the tooth section with the bracket ofFIG. 6 , but without a retaining element. - The process is now illustrated by means of the manufacture of a replacement bracket for any tooth of a jaw by taking the example of the submaxilla. To manufacture a replacement bracket according to the invention, one proceeds as follows: A gypsum model of the submaxilla of a patient is created, which is to be treated by orthodontic means. The gypsum model is sawn resulting in the teeth being separated. Subsequently, the teeth are arranged in a target set-
up 11, cf.FIG. 1 , which is supposed to display the desired outcome at the end of treatment. - Then,
brackets 1 are bonded to theteeth 5 to be treated. In the target set-up 11 ofFIG. 1 ,lingual brackets 1 are bonded to theteeth 5 to be treated; only onebracket 1 on tooth 46 is depicted inFIG. 1 as representative in dashed lines. For illustration, in the slots 3S of thebrackets 1, anorthodontic wire 13 is guided, also shown only in broken lines in order to exert via the slots 3S and the brackets 1 a force on theteeth 5, in order to move therespective teeth 5 to a desired position. At the end of the orthodontic treatment all the slots 3S of thebrackets 1 shall essentially lie in one plane, the so-calledslot plane 3 SE, as shown inFIG. 1 . - Up to this point, the process according to the invention corresponds to some conventional planning processes for an orthodontic treatment: A target set-
up 11 is made of gypsum andbrackets 1 are bonded on theteeth 5, wherein said slots 3S of the brackets lie in one plane 3SE. - At a defined distance from the
slot plane 3 SE, for example, the upper edge 3OS or the lower edge 3US of the slots 3S of thebrackets 1, areference plane 9 is now defined. Thereference plane 9 is shown inFIG. 1 by dashed lines. It is presently defined by three reference plane markings 9M in the form of circles on the gypsum model, of which the respective centers define thereference plane 9. Of the three reference plane markings 9M, one is shown dashed because it is located on the opposite (hidden left) side of the gypsum model. Thereference plane 9 has a fixed distance from the lower edge 3US of the slots 3S of thebrackets 1, for example, a distance of an interval from 1 to 10 cm, presently 3 cm. - As soon as the
reference plane 9 is defined and marked on the target set-up 11, then thebrackets 1 are removed from the target set-up 11, resulting in the target set-up 11 ofFIG. 1 without thebracket 1 illustrated in dashed lines and thewire 13 illustrated in dashed lines. - The thus manufactured target set-
up 11 will now be scanned using a scanner and the digital computer model of the target set-up 11 is stored in a computer. A model of the target set-up 11 is thus available in the computer, which also contains thereference plane 9. Because the computer model contains thereference plane 9, and the relation between the slot plane 3S and thereference plane 9 is known, the slot plane 3S is thus also defined for the computer model. - If now the request arrives to manufacture a replacement bracket for a particular tooth, the procedure is as described in the following.
- The above-mentioned computer model of the target set-
up 11 is loaded into the computer. Thetooth 5, for which the replacement bracket is to be fabricated, is selected in the model and cut out by hand from the rest of the model, so that only the computer model of therespective tooth 5 is present for subsequent processing. - Using the
reference plane 9, which is still available in the computer model, a marking for the lower edge 3US of the slot plane 3SE of the slot 3S of thebracket 1 corresponding to therespective tooth 5 is added totooth 5. To be able to handle the physical model of the tooth in the following working steps, a retaining section of the tooth is added to the computer model, shown herein exemplarily in the form of a pin. For simplification, the retaining section is added to the computer model of the tooth such that an edge of the retaining section is arranged at the level of the lower edge 3US of the slot 3S. The computer model of the tooth now arises from the representation ofFIG. 2 . -
FIG. 2 shows two lateral views of a 3D model of thetooth 5, for which a replacement bracket shall be manufactured. From thetooth 5, only that section can be seen, which lies above the gingival edge, i.e., the normally visible part of the patient'stooth 5. A retaining section 5H in the form of a pin was added to thetooth 5 as retainer. The retaining section 5H has as cross-section substantially in the shape of a rectangle, wherein inFIG. 2 the upper lateral edge of the rectangle is slightly shortened compared to the lower lateral edge. The retaining section 5H is arranged on the model of thetooth 5 such that the lower lateral edge inFIG. 2 is a marking 5MS for the slot plane, i.e., this edge is arranged at the level of the lower edge 3US of the slot 3S of thecorresponding bracket 1. - A model of the
tooth 5, for which a replacement bracket shall be manufactured, thus is available in the computer. The model was extended by the retaining section 5H, which has the form of a pin and one edge of which is arranged at the level of the lower edge 3US of the slot 3S of thecorresponding bracket 1. - The computer model of
FIG. 2 created in this way is created in the next step as a physical model, for example, printed, or produced out of plastic by means of a 3D printer. Then, a plastic model of thetooth 5 is available, which has a level mark for the lower edge 3US of the slot 3S and has a retaining section 5H for holding the physical model. -
FIG. 3 shows the front view of aretaining section seat 7 of a technician's holder, which is adapted for receiving the retaining section 5H of the printedtooth 5, and the lateral view of aslot receptacle 15 of another technician's holder for receiving a slot 3 S. - The
slot receptacle 15 has, in the view ofFIG. 3 in a vertical direction at the free end, the thickness of a slot-filling orthodontic wire. The free end simulates in this way a slot-filling orthodontic wire, i.e. it forms a wire simulator 15S. A slot 3S of a bracket can thus be pushed without play onto this wire simulator 15S, as described below. After level adjustment as described below the underside 15SUS of the wire simulator 15S lies on the same level as the lower edge 3US of a slot 3S of thebracket 1 corresponding to thetooth 5, as shown inFIG. 3 . - The retaining
section seat 7 centrally has a recess 7A which is dimensioned such that the retaining section 5H of the printedtooth 5 can be inserted therein in a form-fit manner. As described above, the lower edge of the recess 7A inFIG. 3 is at the level of the lower edge 3US of theslot 3 of thebracket 1 corresponding to thetooth 5. The support surface 7AF of the retainingsection seat 7 on which the underside 15SUS rests is on the same level as the underside of the recess 7A. - The
slot receptacle 15 on the one technician's holder and the retainingsection seat 7 is on the other technician's holder each have edges that are at the level of the lower edge 3US of the slot 3S of thebracket 1 belonging to thetooth 5. To relate these levels to the same zero point, these levels are adjusted to each other, as shown inFIG. 3 . The underside 15SUS is placed on the depicted support surface 7AF of the retainingsection seat 7 and thus the reciprocal zero points of theslot receptacle 15 and of the retainingsection seat 7 are adjusted to each other, whereby the level adjustment is completed. - In a next process step, the printed
tooth 5 with its retaining section 5H is inserted into the recess 7A of the retainingsection seat 7 and astandard bracket 2 is placed on the wire simulator 15S of theslot receptacle 15, as shown inFIG. 4 . As also seen fromFIG. 4 , the printedtooth 5 and thestandard bracket 2 are each brought together to properly place thestandard bracket 2 onto the printedtooth 5. -
FIG. 5 shows a perspective view of the arrangement shown inFIG. 4 . - As soon as the
standard bracket 2 is properly positioned relative to the printedtooth 5, then a gap between the pad of thestandard bracket 2 and the printedtooth 5 is filled and cured with a plastic material or an adhesive, to form a patient-specific pad for thestandard bracket 2. - When curing has occurred, the technician's holder with the slot receptacle can be removed, resulting in the configuration shown in
FIG. 6 .FIG. 6 shows various views of thestandard bracket 2 bonded onto the printedtooth 5, which now forms thereplacement bracket 3. - Subsequently, the retaining section 5H is pulled out of the recess 7A and the retaining section 5H is removed from the printed
tooth 5, for example, by grinding, whereby the arrangement ofFIG. 7 is obtained. This arrangement can now be sent to the purchaser of the replacement bracket. - When the arrangement of
FIG. 7 reaches the purchaser of the replacement bracket, then he can detach thestandard bracket 2 with the plastic material on the pad's side from the printedtooth 5 and thus obtains thereplacement bracket 3. Thereplacement bracket 3 thus comprises thestandard bracket 2 and the individualized pad, which is formed of the cured plastic material. - The
replacement bracket 3 can be bonded by the individualized pad form fittingly to thetooth 5 of the patient. - A lingual bracket was manufactured in the above-mentioned process for the manufacture of a replacement bracket. However, the process can be used in the same manner to manufacture buccal brackets.
- The
reference plane 9 was depicted in the above-described process as a plane, which is valid for all of theteeth 5 of a jaw of a patient. However, it may be necessary to define thereference plane 9 only for selected regions of a jaw, i.e. subdivide it into intervals. In some cases, it proves to be necessary to lower the slot plane, and thus the reference plane on the left and/or right lateral teeth area for orthodontic reasons. In such a case, the reference plane from 47 to 33 can lie at one level, and for the range from 34 to 37 it can lie at a different level, for example, be lowered by 1 mm relative to the other. In another case, a reference plane can be defined from 33 to 43, and in the region from 34 to 37 a lowering by 0.5 mm and in the region from 44 to 47 a lowering by 1 mm can be defined. In such cases, it may be sufficient to note down only the lowering or raising in the affected tooth areas and the affected tooth areas and not to draw the lowering or elevation in the model. In this way, the reference plane receives variable levels in defined sections by adjusting the slot plane in these sections. - The
reference plane 9 can be arranged on the same side as thebrackets 1, i.e. drawn in on the buccal side in case of buccal brackets and on the lingual side in case of lingual brackets. Alternatively, it is also possible to draw in the reference plane on the other respective side. For example, it is possible in case if buccal brackets to draw in thereference plane 9 on the lingual side, in particular on the lingual side of some selected or all of the teeth. In this way, thereference plane 9 can be drawn in for each tooth individually, and in a small spatial distance from the slot 3S of thecorresponding bracket 1. Thus, it is for example possible to use the lower edge 3US of a slot 3S of abracket 1 as areference plane 9 for thecorresponding tooth 5. - In the above-described process of manufacturing a replacement bracket, the target set-up was prepared from gypsum. Alternatively, it is possible to create the target set-up in a computer by means of software. Also the other steps, such as, for example, the arrangement of brackets on the teeth, the definition of the slot plane and definition of the reference plane can be executed directly in the software. The virtual set-up resulting thereby can be stored with the brackets, the orthodontic wire, the slot plane and the reference plane, or even only with parts of it, for example only with the slot plane and the reference plane. If then a request for manufacturing a replacement bracket comes in, the desired section of the tooth can be manufactured directly from the model.
- To manufacture the replacement bracket for the
tooth 5, in the process described above, the part of thetooth 5 visible in the patient was cut out by hand from the rest of the computer model of the target set-up 11. For the manufacture of the replacement bracket, however, it may be sufficient to select a small section of the tooth, for example, to print only the buccal half of the tooth without the lingual half of the tooth. However, it may also be necessary to select a larger section, for example, to add a gingival section 5 g, seeFIG. 1 , or to add mesial and/or distal sections 5 m, 5 d ofadjacent teeth 5, seeFIG. 1 . Defining the relevant section may be done manually, as described earlier. However, it is also possible to define the relevant section by means of software. Thus, for example, with the aid of an edge-finder algorithm, thetooth 5 as shown inFIG. 2 can always be identified automatically and cut out from the rest of the computer model. - The above-described process for manufacturing a replacement bracket generates a patient-specific pad for a standard bracket. With the standard bracket, pad and bracket body are one unit and the patient-specific pad is generated to manufacture the patient-specific replacement bracket. However, there are also other methods of manufacture of patient-specific brackets, where, for example, first a pad with a patient-specific bonding surface is manufactured, and then the pad manufactured in this manner is united with a bracket body to form a bracket. Such a process of manufacture is, for example, disclosed in DE102011003892. The process of manufacture according to the invention is also suitable for this type of process of manufacture. For this purpose, one may proceed as described above, and in
FIGS. 4 and 5 , the bracket body must solely be placed on theslot receptacle 15 and the patient—specific pad onto the printedtooth 5 to subsequently fix the bracket body on the individualized pad, for example by laser welding, to manufacture the patient-specific replacement bracket. - In the above described process of manufacture of a replacement bracket, a retaining section 5H was added to the computer model of the
tooth 5 as a marking for the slot plane. In doing so, only the level of the retaining section 5H was defined such that its lower edge is at the level of the lower edge 3US of the slot 3S of the bracket. Where the retaining section 5H is located along the tooth circumference (at the same level), is at present irrelevant, so that the retaining section 5H, for example, can be arranged mesially, lingually or distally for a buccal bracket. - For various kinds of markings of the slot plane on the tooth in the computer model, various other parameters of the treatment of the tooth can be specified:
- If the slot plane is defined on the tooth by means of a 2D marking, for example, by a line, strip or a series of points, then by this marking only the slot level and angulation, i.e., the tilt in mesial-distal direction, of the bracket are defined.
- If the slot plane is defined on the tooth by means of a 3D marking, such as, for example, by the pin-shaped retaining section 5H according to
FIG. 2 , then the slot level, the angulation and the torque, i.e. the tilt in lingual-buccal direction, of the bracket are defined. - If the slot plane is uniquely defined on the tooth by means of a 3D marking at a predetermined position, i.e., without a free degree of freedom, for example, such that the retaining section 5H of
FIG. 2 is printed at the same level along the tooth circumference at a particular circumferential location, then slot level, angulation, torque and rotation, i.e., the rotation about the longitudinal axis of tooth, of the bracket are defined. - In order to realise the latter variant, for example, one can proceed as follows: In the computer model additional information, i.e. a bracket constraint is stored for each bracket, which makes its location on the tooth definite. As additional information, for example, a line passing through the bracket center and perpendicularly to a surface of the bracket can be used. As additional information, also the slot of the bracket, i.e. its location or arrangement in space can be stored with it.
- In practice, one can proceed as follows: The target set-
up 11 illustrated inFIG. 1 is stored first with brackets and then without brackets. Based on the computer model without brackets, a 3D marking is then added to thetooth 5 in the process according to the invention, for example, a retaining section 5H shown inFIG. 2 . The location of the retaining section 5H along the tooth circumference is then defined using the computer model with brackets: The model with brackets is loaded over the other model and the retaining section 5H, for example, is displaced so long along the tooth circumference until it is exactly opposite the bracket from the target set-up 11, i.e. that the longitudinal axis of the retaining section 5H exactly extends perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis of the slot and passes through the slot center. Then, in the later step, which corresponds to arranging thestandard bracket 2 as shown inFIGS. 4 and 5 , the bracket can be aligned to the retaining section 5H until thestandard bracket 2 is exactly opposite the retaining section 5H. Thestandard bracket 2 then has exactly the location as thebracket 1 during the initial scan of the models with and without brackets. -
- 1 bracket
- 2 standard bracket
- 3 replacement bracket
- 3S slot
- 3OS upper edge of slot
- 3US lower edge of slot
- 3SE slot plane
- 5 tooth
- 5 d distal section
- 5 g gingival section
- 5H retaining section for tooth
- 5 m mesial section
- 5MS marking for the slot plane
- 7 retaining section seat of a technician's holder for the retaining section 5H
- 7A recess of the retaining section seat
- 7AF support surface
- 9 reference plane
- 9M reference plane marking
- 11 target set-up of the submaxilla of a patient
- 13 orthodontic wire
- 15 slot receptacle of a technician's holder for receiving a slot 3S
- 15S wire simulator
- 15SUS underside of the wire simulator
Claims (23)
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE102013209735.2A DE102013209735A1 (en) | 2013-05-24 | 2013-05-24 | A method of making a patient-specific replacement bracket for orthodontic treatment and a bracket made by the method |
DE102013209735.2 | 2013-05-24 | ||
DE102013209735 | 2013-05-24 | ||
PCT/EP2014/059897 WO2014187715A1 (en) | 2013-05-24 | 2014-05-14 | Method for producing a patient-specific replacement bracket for an orthodontic treatment, and bracket produced by this method |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US20160113737A1 true US20160113737A1 (en) | 2016-04-28 |
US10231800B2 US10231800B2 (en) | 2019-03-19 |
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US14/892,479 Expired - Fee Related US10231800B2 (en) | 2013-05-24 | 2014-05-14 | Method for producing a patient-specific replacement bracket for an orthodontic treatment, and bracket produced by this method |
Country Status (8)
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US (1) | US10231800B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3003201B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP6223548B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR101711545B1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2915121C (en) |
DE (1) | DE102013209735A1 (en) |
RU (1) | RU2629800C2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2014187715A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
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EP3760160A1 (en) * | 2016-05-09 | 2021-01-06 | Digital Orthodontic Solutions Ltd | Apparatus for aligning a tooth of a patient |
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KR102028801B1 (en) | 2017-08-18 | 2019-10-04 | 허정민 | Method And Computer Readable Recording Medium For Orthodontic Treatment Education |
KR102157109B1 (en) * | 2018-07-03 | 2020-09-17 | 주식회사 케어덴트코리아 | Bracket Block For Manufacturing Customized Orthodontic Bracket, Customized Orthodontic Bracket, And Manufacturing Method Thereof |
US10315353B1 (en) | 2018-11-13 | 2019-06-11 | SmileDirectClub LLC | Systems and methods for thermoforming dental aligners |
US11007042B2 (en) | 2019-02-06 | 2021-05-18 | Sdc U.S. Smilepay Spv | Systems and methods for marking models for dental aligner fabrication |
US10482192B1 (en) | 2019-02-12 | 2019-11-19 | SmileDirectClub LLC | Systems and methods for selecting and marking a location on a dental aligner |
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2013
- 2013-05-24 DE DE102013209735.2A patent/DE102013209735A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2014
- 2014-05-14 KR KR1020157033993A patent/KR101711545B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2014-05-14 RU RU2015155587A patent/RU2629800C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2014-05-14 JP JP2016514334A patent/JP6223548B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2014-05-14 WO PCT/EP2014/059897 patent/WO2014187715A1/en active Application Filing
- 2014-05-14 CA CA2915121A patent/CA2915121C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2014-05-14 EP EP14725978.2A patent/EP3003201B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2014-05-14 US US14/892,479 patent/US10231800B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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US20180104022A1 (en) * | 2006-10-20 | 2018-04-19 | Align Technology, Inc. | System and method for positioning three-dimensional brackets on teeth |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP3003201A1 (en) | 2016-04-13 |
KR20160013881A (en) | 2016-02-05 |
RU2629800C2 (en) | 2017-09-04 |
JP2016518946A (en) | 2016-06-30 |
EP3003201B1 (en) | 2016-09-21 |
RU2015155587A (en) | 2017-06-29 |
US10231800B2 (en) | 2019-03-19 |
CA2915121A1 (en) | 2014-11-27 |
DE102013209735A1 (en) | 2014-11-27 |
WO2014187715A1 (en) | 2014-11-27 |
KR101711545B1 (en) | 2017-03-02 |
JP6223548B2 (en) | 2017-11-01 |
CA2915121C (en) | 2017-12-05 |
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