US20130306003A1 - Bent-out wall in the region of a substantially rectangular burner opening - Google Patents

Bent-out wall in the region of a substantially rectangular burner opening Download PDF

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Publication number
US20130306003A1
US20130306003A1 US13/877,170 US201113877170A US2013306003A1 US 20130306003 A1 US20130306003 A1 US 20130306003A1 US 201113877170 A US201113877170 A US 201113877170A US 2013306003 A1 US2013306003 A1 US 2013306003A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
bent
wall
tube
out wall
burner opening
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Abandoned
Application number
US13/877,170
Inventor
Jens Eschenhagen
Leonhard Leuthel
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General Electric Technology GmbH
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Alstom Technology AG
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Filing date
Publication date
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Assigned to ALSTOM TECHNOLOGY LTD reassignment ALSTOM TECHNOLOGY LTD ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: ESCHENHAGEN, JENS, LEUTHEL, LEONHARD
Publication of US20130306003A1 publication Critical patent/US20130306003A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B21/00—Water-tube boilers of vertical or steeply-inclined type, i.e. the water-tube sets being arranged vertically or substantially vertically
    • F22B21/22—Water-tube boilers of vertical or steeply-inclined type, i.e. the water-tube sets being arranged vertically or substantially vertically built-up from water tubes of form other than straight or substantially straight
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
    • F22B37/10—Water tubes; Accessories therefor
    • F22B37/104—Connection of tubes one with the other or with collectors, drums or distributors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
    • F22B37/10—Water tubes; Accessories therefor
    • F22B37/101—Tubes having fins or ribs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
    • F22B37/10—Water tubes; Accessories therefor
    • F22B37/12—Forms of water tubes, e.g. of varying cross-section
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
    • F22B37/10—Water tubes; Accessories therefor
    • F22B37/14—Supply mains, e.g. rising mains, down-comers, in connection with water tubes
    • F22B37/147—Tube arrangements for cooling orifices, doors and burners
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F23M5/00—Casings; Linings; Walls
    • F23M5/08—Cooling thereof; Tube walls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F23M7/00—Doors
    • F23M7/04—Cooling doors or door frames

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a bent-out wall in the region of a substantially rectangular burner opening.
  • Walls are bent out in tube wall regions of steam generators to which burners are fitted, with which the combustion chamber of the steam generator can be heated, for example with fossil fuels.
  • round or rectangular burner openings are used, use generally being made of rectangular burner openings in the tube wall regions of a steam generator in the case of large, corner-fired steam generators.
  • the tube walls of a steam generator are generally formed from a tube-fin-tube combination, a cooling medium flowing through the tubes.
  • burners In current, modern steam generators, which generally have 8 burner openings per steam generator and outputs of more than 800 MW and an overall height of more than 100 m, the burners and thus also the burner openings are correspondingly also implemented with large dimensions. This places high requirements on the structural solution and the implementation on the production side of the bent-out walls at these burner openings.
  • These burner openings are formed by a tube-fin-tube combination being bent outward out of the planes or the corners of the tube wall or the tube walls of the steam generator, i.e. pointing away from the combustion chamber.
  • bent-out walls The creation of the bent-out walls is carried out in such a way that all the tube bends and fins required for the purpose are prefabricated in individual fabrication, the fins being given a double-bevel seam treatment on both sides for the welding. The bent fins are then welded to the tube bends by hand to form the desired bent-out walls.
  • the result is increased fabrication inaccuracy, mainly as a result of high levels of weld shrinkage.
  • the aforementioned fabrication procedure entails high fabrication expenditure, for example as a result of the need for devices and jigs in order to ensure the dimensional stability and the geometric shape of the bent-out walls.
  • increased expenditure on straightening is unavoidable.
  • the object of the present invention is to propose a bent-out wall in the region of a substantially rectangular burner opening in which the production and mounting thereof is carried out in an efficient and practicable way.
  • the wall bending radius R of the bent-out wall is 100 mm. This ensures that the burner is protected in a most comprehensive way against thermal radiation, the chosen radius representing an optimum in fabrication terms.
  • the wall bending angle W of the bent-out wall is 135°. In fabrication terms, this angle represents an optimum and protects the burner optimally against thermal radiation.
  • An expedient development of the invention provides for the prefabricated tube wall segments to have a width of 500 to 1200 mm. This width constitutes an optimum between the desire for few manual welds between the respective prefabricated tube wall segments and the fabrication possibilities on the roll of the bending tool.
  • the tube diameters of the tubes lie between 31.8 mm and 38 mm and the wall thicknesses of the tubes between 4 mm and 7.1 mm. Therefore, from a thermal point of view, the requirements on the steam generator are fulfilled (coolant throughput, etc.) and, secondly, dimensions are proposed which can easily be managed with respect to bending. In a further expedient development, the widths of the fins lie between 10 and 25 mm.
  • FIG. 1 shows a rectangular burner opening of a steam generator tube wall, illustrated schematically in the view, which is created in the region of the burners by bending out the tube wall (bent-out wall),
  • FIG. 2 shows a cross-section through the burner opening according to the section “A-A” from FIG. 1 , illustrated schematically,
  • FIG. 3 shows a plan view of a tube wall segment according to the view “B” from FIG. 2 , illustrated schematically (plan view rotated through 90°).
  • FIG. 1 shows a substantially rectangular burner opening 2 of a steam generator tube wall, illustrated schematically, which opening is created by the bent-out wall 1 of the tube wall 3 .
  • the bent-out wall 1 is formed along the two longitudinal sides 7 of the rectangular burner opening 2 by means of prefabricated tube wall segments 4 .
  • the prefabricated tube wall segments 4 which can also be designated tube panels and which are assembled from a combination of tubes 5 and fins 6 , are, according to the invention, welded by machine at the workshop and in the planar or flat state (machine welding). A number of tubes 5 and fins 6 are inserted into the apparatus of a tube panel welding machine prepared for the purpose, in order to achieve a desired width of the tube wall segment 4 to be prefabricated.
  • a width of the tube wall segment 4 of 500 to 1200 mm has proven to be advantageous here since, in this case, the number of connecting welds of the prefabricated tube wall segments 4 to be welded to one another manually can be kept small and this width range can be managed well in the tube panel welding machine and later during mechanical bending.
  • all the fins 6 are calibrated in terms of their width before they are welded to the tubes 5 by means of the tube panel welding machine.
  • the complicated machining of the double-groove weld bevel onto these fins, which otherwise would be necessary during manual welding, is advantageously dispensed with.
  • the whole of the latter is bent by machine at the workshop by means of a tube wall bending machine to a wall bending radius R of between 70 and 140 mm and a wall bending angle W of between 110° and 150°, wherein the tube wall segment 4 is preferably bent with a wall bending radius R of 100 mm and further preferably with a wall bending angle W of 135° (see FIGS. 2 and 3 ).
  • the wall bending angle W is to be understood to mean that one end of the prefabricated tube wall segment 4 is bent through preferably 135° with respect to the other end of the tube wall segment 4 , which means that an enclosed angle of preferably 45° is produced between the two ends of the tube wall segment 4 .
  • each of the prefabricated tube wall segments 4 represents a dimensionally accurate and fixed reference point within the entire bent-out wall 1 .
  • the tube wall segments 4 have fixed pitches as a result of the calibration of the fins 6 before the welding in the welding machine, up to 95% of the manual welds, which are responsible for the weld shrinkage, primarily transversely with respect to the tube axis, are dispensed with.
  • the machine-welded and subsequently bent tube wall segments 4 contribute to managing the dimensional and shape deviations within the bent-out walls 1 that otherwise occur and are caused by weld shrinkage.
  • the tubes 5 of the tube wall segments 4 of the bent-out wall 1 according to the invention have, for example, tube external diameters of 31.8 to 38 mm and wall thicknesses of 4 to 7 mm.
  • the fins 6 inserted between the tubes 5 of the bent-out wall 1 according to the invention have, for example, widths of 10 to 25 mm.
  • bent-out wall 1 By means of the bent-out wall 1 according to the invention and the specific geometry thereof, in addition to the advantages in terms of fabrication, extensive cooling and protection against thermal radiation of the burner fitted to the burner opening 2 of the bent-out wall 1 is also ensured. This is also achieved specifically by the narrow wall bending radius R.

Abstract

Bent-out wall in the region of a substantially rectangular burner opening (2), wherein the bent-out wall (1) is formed by tube walls (3) and the tube walls (3) consist of tube-fin-tube combinations welded in a gastight manner and the tubes (5) thereof are flowed through by a cooling medium, wherein at least part of the bent-out wall (1) along the two longitudinal sides (7) of the rectangular burner opening (2) is formed by means of prefabricated tube wall segments (4) and wherein the prefabricated tube wall segments (4) are machine-welded in the planar state at the workshop and are subsequently bent at the workshop to a wall bending radius (R) of 70-140 mm and a wall bending angle (W) of 110°-150°.

Description

  • The invention relates to a bent-out wall in the region of a substantially rectangular burner opening.
  • Walls are bent out in tube wall regions of steam generators to which burners are fitted, with which the combustion chamber of the steam generator can be heated, for example with fossil fuels. Amongst other things, round or rectangular burner openings are used, use generally being made of rectangular burner openings in the tube wall regions of a steam generator in the case of large, corner-fired steam generators. The tube walls of a steam generator are generally formed from a tube-fin-tube combination, a cooling medium flowing through the tubes.
  • In current, modern steam generators, which generally have 8 burner openings per steam generator and outputs of more than 800 MW and an overall height of more than 100 m, the burners and thus also the burner openings are correspondingly also implemented with large dimensions. This places high requirements on the structural solution and the implementation on the production side of the bent-out walls at these burner openings. These burner openings are formed by a tube-fin-tube combination being bent outward out of the planes or the corners of the tube wall or the tube walls of the steam generator, i.e. pointing away from the combustion chamber. The creation of the bent-out walls is carried out in such a way that all the tube bends and fins required for the purpose are prefabricated in individual fabrication, the fins being given a double-bevel seam treatment on both sides for the welding. The bent fins are then welded to the tube bends by hand to form the desired bent-out walls.
  • As a result of the large burner opening dimensions and the multiplicity of manual welds (tube-fin-tube) and the accumulations of weld material resulting therefrom, the result is increased fabrication inaccuracy, mainly as a result of high levels of weld shrinkage. Likewise, the aforementioned fabrication procedure entails high fabrication expenditure, for example as a result of the need for devices and jigs in order to ensure the dimensional stability and the geometric shape of the bent-out walls. Furthermore, on account of the multiplicity of manual welds, increased expenditure on straightening is unavoidable.
  • The object of the present invention is to propose a bent-out wall in the region of a substantially rectangular burner opening in which the production and mounting thereof is carried out in an efficient and practicable way. In particular, it is an object of the invention to propose a bent-out wall which provides for simplification of the fabrication with simultaneous reduction in the costs, an increase in the quality and a reduction in the fabrication times and, in particular, is designed in structural terms such that the burner fitted to the burner opening experiences good cooling.
  • The aforementioned object is achieved by a bent-out wall in the region of a substantially rectangular burner opening as claimed in the entirety of the features of patent claim 1.
  • Advantageous embodiments of the invention can be gathered from the sub-claims.
  • By means of the solution according to the invention, a bent-out wall in the region of a substantially rectangular burner opening is devised which has the following advantages:
      • the weld shrinkage on the bent-out walls is minimized in the extreme,
      • the manageability of the fabrication process of the bent-out walls is increased,
      • the shape accuracy of the design of the bent-out walls is increased considerably,
      • the fabrication costs of the bent-out walls are reduced,
      • and the fabrication times of the bent-out walls are reduced.
  • One advantageous development of the invention provides for the wall bending radius R of the bent-out wall to be 100 mm. This ensures that the burner is protected in a most comprehensive way against thermal radiation, the chosen radius representing an optimum in fabrication terms.
  • In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the wall bending angle W of the bent-out wall is 135°. In fabrication terms, this angle represents an optimum and protects the burner optimally against thermal radiation.
  • An expedient development of the invention provides for the prefabricated tube wall segments to have a width of 500 to 1200 mm. This width constitutes an optimum between the desire for few manual welds between the respective prefabricated tube wall segments and the fabrication possibilities on the roll of the bending tool.
  • Expediently, the tube diameters of the tubes lie between 31.8 mm and 38 mm and the wall thicknesses of the tubes between 4 mm and 7.1 mm. Therefore, from a thermal point of view, the requirements on the steam generator are fulfilled (coolant throughput, etc.) and, secondly, dimensions are proposed which can easily be managed with respect to bending. In a further expedient development, the widths of the fins lie between 10 and 25 mm.
  • Exemplary embodiments of the invention will be explained in more detail below by using the drawings and the description.
  • FIG. 1 shows a rectangular burner opening of a steam generator tube wall, illustrated schematically in the view, which is created in the region of the burners by bending out the tube wall (bent-out wall),
  • FIG. 2 shows a cross-section through the burner opening according to the section “A-A” from FIG. 1, illustrated schematically,
  • FIG. 3 shows a plan view of a tube wall segment according to the view “B” from FIG. 2, illustrated schematically (plan view rotated through 90°).
    •
  • FIG. 1 shows a substantially rectangular burner opening 2 of a steam generator tube wall, illustrated schematically, which opening is created by the bent-out wall 1 of the tube wall 3.
  • According to the invention, at least part of the bent-out wall 1 is formed along the two longitudinal sides 7 of the rectangular burner opening 2 by means of prefabricated tube wall segments 4. The prefabricated tube wall segments 4, which can also be designated tube panels and which are assembled from a combination of tubes 5 and fins 6, are, according to the invention, welded by machine at the workshop and in the planar or flat state (machine welding). A number of tubes 5 and fins 6 are inserted into the apparatus of a tube panel welding machine prepared for the purpose, in order to achieve a desired width of the tube wall segment 4 to be prefabricated. A width of the tube wall segment 4 of 500 to 1200 mm has proven to be advantageous here since, in this case, the number of connecting welds of the prefabricated tube wall segments 4 to be welded to one another manually can be kept small and this width range can be managed well in the tube panel welding machine and later during mechanical bending. In order to achieve the desired spacing from tube 5 to tube 5 (tube pitch within a tube wall), all the fins 6 are calibrated in terms of their width before they are welded to the tubes 5 by means of the tube panel welding machine. As a result of the calibration of the fins 6, the complicated machining of the double-groove weld bevel onto these fins, which otherwise would be necessary during manual welding, is advantageously dispensed with.
  • Following the machine welding of the tubes 5 and fins 6 to form a planar tube wall segment 4, according to the invention the whole of the latter is bent by machine at the workshop by means of a tube wall bending machine to a wall bending radius R of between 70 and 140 mm and a wall bending angle W of between 110° and 150°, wherein the tube wall segment 4 is preferably bent with a wall bending radius R of 100 mm and further preferably with a wall bending angle W of 135° (see FIGS. 2 and 3). The wall bending angle W is to be understood to mean that one end of the prefabricated tube wall segment 4 is bent through preferably 135° with respect to the other end of the tube wall segment 4, which means that an enclosed angle of preferably 45° is produced between the two ends of the tube wall segment 4.
  • As a result of the prefabrication according to the invention of machine-welded tube wall segments 4, a geometrically accurately defined shape is produced which, following subsequent bending, maintains this geometric shape accuracy, and thus each of the prefabricated tube wall segments 4 represents a dimensionally accurate and fixed reference point within the entire bent-out wall 1.
  • Since the tube wall segments 4 have fixed pitches as a result of the calibration of the fins 6 before the welding in the welding machine, up to 95% of the manual welds, which are responsible for the weld shrinkage, primarily transversely with respect to the tube axis, are dispensed with. Thus, the machine-welded and subsequently bent tube wall segments 4 contribute to managing the dimensional and shape deviations within the bent-out walls 1 that otherwise occur and are caused by weld shrinkage.
  • The tubes 5 of the tube wall segments 4 of the bent-out wall 1 according to the invention have, for example, tube external diameters of 31.8 to 38 mm and wall thicknesses of 4 to 7 mm. The fins 6 inserted between the tubes 5 of the bent-out wall 1 according to the invention have, for example, widths of 10 to 25 mm.
  • By means of the bent-out wall 1 according to the invention and the specific geometry thereof, in addition to the advantages in terms of fabrication, extensive cooling and protection against thermal radiation of the burner fitted to the burner opening 2 of the bent-out wall 1 is also ensured. This is also achieved specifically by the narrow wall bending radius R.
    • LIST OF DESIGNATIONS
    • 1 Bent-out wall
    • 2 Burner opening
    • 3 Tube wall
    • 4 Tube wall segment
    • 5 Tube
    • 6 Fin
    • 7 Longitudinal sides of the rectangular burner opening

Claims (6)

1. A bent-out wall in the region of a substantially rectangular burner opening, wherein the bent-out wall is formed by tube walls and the tube walls consist of tube-fin-tube combinations welded in a gastight manner and a cooling medium flows through the tubes thereof,
wherein at least part of the bent-out wall is formed along the two longitudinal sides of the rectangular burner opening by means of prefabricated tube wall segments, and wherein the prefabricated tube wall segments are machine-welded in a planar state and subsequently bent to a wall bending radius (R) of 70 to 140 mm and a wall bending angle (W) of 110° to 150°.
2. The bent-out wall in claim 1, Wherein the wall bending radius (R) is 100 mm.
3. The bent-out wall in claim 1, Wherein the wall bending angle (W) is 135°.
4. The bent-out wall in claim 1, Wherein the tube wall segments have a width of 500 to 1200 mm.
5. The bent-out wall in claim 1, Wherein the tube walls comprise a diameter between 31.8 mm and 38 mm and a thickness between 4 mm and 7.1 mm.
6. The bent-out wall in claim 1, wherein the fin comprises a width between 10 mm and 25 mm.
US13/877,170 2010-09-30 2011-09-30 Bent-out wall in the region of a substantially rectangular burner opening Abandoned US20130306003A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102010047145A DE102010047145A1 (en) 2010-09-30 2010-09-30 Wall deflection in the region of a substantially rectangular burner opening
DE102010047145.3 2010-09-30
PCT/EP2011/067196 WO2012042051A1 (en) 2010-09-30 2011-09-30 Bent-out wall in the region of a substantially rectangular burner opening

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20130306003A1 true US20130306003A1 (en) 2013-11-21

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US13/877,170 Abandoned US20130306003A1 (en) 2010-09-30 2011-09-30 Bent-out wall in the region of a substantially rectangular burner opening

Country Status (7)

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US (1) US20130306003A1 (en)
EP (1) EP2622277A1 (en)
CN (1) CN103250000A (en)
DE (1) DE102010047145A1 (en)
RU (1) RU2013120026A (en)
WO (1) WO2012042051A1 (en)
ZA (1) ZA201302508B (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2170343A (en) * 1935-12-18 1939-08-22 Babcock & Wilcox Co Vapor generator
US2242491A (en) * 1939-06-05 1941-05-20 Comb Eng Co Inc Slagging furnace
US3414362A (en) * 1966-04-15 1968-12-03 F Schoppe Dr Ing Burner for firing a combustion chamber
US4196700A (en) * 1977-05-27 1980-04-08 Totkomlosi Vegyesipari Szovetkezet Boiler, primarily for warm-water floor heating
US4351178A (en) * 1979-08-02 1982-09-28 Hitachi, Ltd. Apparatus for bending a straight tube into a serpentine tube
US4286945A (en) * 1979-09-07 1981-09-01 Coen Company, Inc. Wall fired duct heater
US4375952A (en) * 1979-09-07 1983-03-08 Coen Company, Inc. Wall fired duct heater
US4462795A (en) * 1980-08-28 1984-07-31 Coen Company, Inc. Method of operating a wall fired duct heater
US4818252A (en) * 1986-04-22 1989-04-04 Krupp Koppers Gmbh Arrangement for gasifying finely divided particularly solid fuel under high pressure
US4955190A (en) * 1988-03-10 1990-09-11 Foster Wheeler Development Corporation Method for driving a gas turbine utilizing a hexagonal pressurized fluidized bed reactor
US6189354B1 (en) * 1997-04-25 2001-02-20 Suban Ag Method and modular-multistation device for folding profiles
US6289934B1 (en) * 1999-07-23 2001-09-18 Welker Engineering Company Flow diffuser
US20020139402A1 (en) * 2001-03-27 2002-10-03 Brown Clinton A. Articulating water monitor cleaning device
US20040219079A1 (en) * 2003-01-22 2004-11-04 Hagen David L Trifluid reactor
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US20070157859A1 (en) * 2005-12-28 2007-07-12 Dowa Holdings Co., Ltd. Heat exchanger tube, method of manufacturing heat exchanger tube, and fluidized-bed furnace
US20130122442A1 (en) * 2009-06-08 2013-05-16 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Through-port oxy-fuel burner

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN103250000A (en) 2013-08-14
DE102010047145A1 (en) 2012-04-05
ZA201302508B (en) 2014-06-25
EP2622277A1 (en) 2013-08-07
WO2012042051A1 (en) 2012-04-05
RU2013120026A (en) 2014-11-10

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