US20030226667A1 - Deep-well, continuous-coiled-tubing apparatus and method of use - Google Patents
Deep-well, continuous-coiled-tubing apparatus and method of use Download PDFInfo
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- US20030226667A1 US20030226667A1 US10/456,003 US45600303A US2003226667A1 US 20030226667 A1 US20030226667 A1 US 20030226667A1 US 45600303 A US45600303 A US 45600303A US 2003226667 A1 US2003226667 A1 US 2003226667A1
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- spool
- tubing
- vehicle
- injector
- axis
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H75/00—Storing webs, tapes, or filamentary material, e.g. on reels
- B65H75/02—Cores, formers, supports, or holders for coiled, wound, or folded material, e.g. reels, spindles, bobbins, cop tubes, cans, mandrels or chucks
- B65H75/34—Cores, formers, supports, or holders for coiled, wound, or folded material, e.g. reels, spindles, bobbins, cop tubes, cans, mandrels or chucks specially adapted or mounted for storing and repeatedly paying-out and re-storing lengths of material provided for particular purposes, e.g. anchored hoses, power cables
- B65H75/38—Cores, formers, supports, or holders for coiled, wound, or folded material, e.g. reels, spindles, bobbins, cop tubes, cans, mandrels or chucks specially adapted or mounted for storing and repeatedly paying-out and re-storing lengths of material provided for particular purposes, e.g. anchored hoses, power cables involving the use of a core or former internal to, and supporting, a stored package of material
- B65H75/44—Constructional details
- B65H75/4402—Guiding arrangements to control paying-out and re-storing of the material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H75/00—Storing webs, tapes, or filamentary material, e.g. on reels
- B65H75/02—Cores, formers, supports, or holders for coiled, wound, or folded material, e.g. reels, spindles, bobbins, cop tubes, cans, mandrels or chucks
- B65H75/34—Cores, formers, supports, or holders for coiled, wound, or folded material, e.g. reels, spindles, bobbins, cop tubes, cans, mandrels or chucks specially adapted or mounted for storing and repeatedly paying-out and re-storing lengths of material provided for particular purposes, e.g. anchored hoses, power cables
- B65H75/38—Cores, formers, supports, or holders for coiled, wound, or folded material, e.g. reels, spindles, bobbins, cop tubes, cans, mandrels or chucks specially adapted or mounted for storing and repeatedly paying-out and re-storing lengths of material provided for particular purposes, e.g. anchored hoses, power cables involving the use of a core or former internal to, and supporting, a stored package of material
- B65H75/40—Cores, formers, supports, or holders for coiled, wound, or folded material, e.g. reels, spindles, bobbins, cop tubes, cans, mandrels or chucks specially adapted or mounted for storing and repeatedly paying-out and re-storing lengths of material provided for particular purposes, e.g. anchored hoses, power cables involving the use of a core or former internal to, and supporting, a stored package of material mobile or transportable
- B65H75/42—Cores, formers, supports, or holders for coiled, wound, or folded material, e.g. reels, spindles, bobbins, cop tubes, cans, mandrels or chucks specially adapted or mounted for storing and repeatedly paying-out and re-storing lengths of material provided for particular purposes, e.g. anchored hoses, power cables involving the use of a core or former internal to, and supporting, a stored package of material mobile or transportable attached to, or forming part of, mobile tools, machines or vehicles
- B65H75/425—Cores, formers, supports, or holders for coiled, wound, or folded material, e.g. reels, spindles, bobbins, cop tubes, cans, mandrels or chucks specially adapted or mounted for storing and repeatedly paying-out and re-storing lengths of material provided for particular purposes, e.g. anchored hoses, power cables involving the use of a core or former internal to, and supporting, a stored package of material mobile or transportable attached to, or forming part of, mobile tools, machines or vehicles attached to, or forming part of a vehicle, e.g. truck, trailer, vessel
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B19/00—Handling rods, casings, tubes or the like outside the borehole, e.g. in the derrick; Apparatus for feeding the rods or cables
- E21B19/22—Handling reeled pipe or rod units, e.g. flexible drilling pipes
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Guides For Winding Or Rewinding, Or Guides For Filamentary Materials (AREA)
- Winding, Rewinding, Material Storage Devices (AREA)
- Rigid Pipes And Flexible Pipes (AREA)
- Platform Screen Doors And Railroad Systems (AREA)
- Coating Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
A system for injecting or withdrawing a fluid into or from a well is provided. The system includes an injector vehicle having a longitudinal axis and operable to position tubing into the well. The system also includes a tubing supply vehicle operable to provide the tubing to the injector vehicle for positioning in the well. In one aspect of the invention, the tubing is mounted on at least one spool, wherein the longitudinal axis of the injector vehicle is transverse to an axis of rotation of the spool and transverse to a longitudinal axis of the tubing supply vehicle. In a separate aspect of the invention, a spiral guide is used to transition tubing during spooling and unspooling between a plurality of empty and full spools. In yet a separate aspect of the invention, a spool is vertically adjustable to allow rotation of the spool during spooling and unspooling. A method of use is also provided.
Description
- Priority is claimed from U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/387,073 filed Jun. 6, 2002 entitled “DEEP-WELL, CONTINUOUS-COILED-TUBING OPERATIONS” which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
- This invention relates generally to long, continuous tubing or pipe supply installation, and more specifically, to oil and gas well drilling and well servicing operations involving deep, continuous tubing.
- Oil and gas drilling and production operations involve the deployment of equipment down a borehole having considerable depth. Cost saving techniques include using steel tubing that is extended down the borehole or well casing and using the tubing to pump a variety of different fluids, including drilling mud and pressurized water. Typical equipment currently used to provide the continuous tubing includes a truck and trailer with a single coiled steel tube (also herein referred to as pipe) on a spool having an 8 to 10 foot inside diameter core that is wrapped with the tubing to provide a 14-foot outside diameter, where the spool is about 8 feet in length. However, this spool size and configuration, including current techniques and equipment limitations, prevent providing continuous coil tubing down the borehole or well casing at depths beyond approximately 9,500 feet for 2⅜ inch diameter tubing, or approximately 6,000 feet for 2⅞ inch diameter tubing, because the current equipment and spool configurations are too limiting.
- FIG. 1 shows the typical current equipment layout for providing steel tubing down a borehole or well casing. Typically, an injector truck/
trailer 10 is situated over a well W. The injector truck/trailer 10 typically includesequipment 12 and has along edge 14 that is typically situated such that it is substantially parallel to thelong edge 16 of a tubing supply truck/trailer 18. For the prior art shown in FIG. 1, the tubing supply truck/trailer 18 is shown to include a cab ortruck 20 and atrailer 22. The injector truck/trailer 10 has a longitudinal axis LI-LI that is substantially parallel to a longitudinal axis LT-LT of the tubing supply truck/trailer 18. In addition, the longitudinal axis LI-LI of the injector truck/trailer 10 is oriented such that it is typically aligned with the longitudinal axis LT-LT of the tubing supply truck/trailer 18. - The tubing supply truck/
trailer 18 includes aspool 24 of steel tubing T, where thespool 24 hasflanges 26 to laterally confine and support the wound tubing T. Theflanges 26 are typically oriented substantially parallel with thelong edge 16 of the tubing supply truck/trailer 18. In addition, thespool 24 rotates about an axis A-A that is oriented substantially perpendicular to thelong edge 16 of the tubing supply truck/trailer 18, as well as perpendicular to both the longitudinal axis LI-LI of the injector truck/trailer 10 and the longitudinal axis LT-LT of the tubing supply truck/trailer 18. - In use, as the tubing T is unwound, it is conveyed off the
spool 24 and down the borehole or well W via the injector truck/trailer 10 and theequipment 12 that is located on the injector truck/trailer 10. However, as noted, this setup is substantially limiting in terms of the length of tubing that can be continuously fed down the borehole or well casing. Furthermore, this setup is also limiting because the tubing supply truck/trailer 18 has to be oriented substantially parallel to, and aligned with, the injector truck/trailer 10. - In view of the above, there is a long felt but unsolved need for equipment and methods that avoids the above-mentioned deficiencies and limitations of the prior art and that provides for greater lengths of continuous tubing to deep oil and gas boreholes and well casings.
- The shortcomings of the currently available methods and equipment for providing extended lengths of tubing down a borehole or well casing are overcome by the devices and methods of the present invention. More particularly, the present invention includes an apparatus and configuration for providing significantly longer continuous lengths of tubing down a borehole or casing. For all embodiments presented herein, tubing as defined herein is a continuous, moderately flexible tubing that is preferably made of steel, and possesses mechanical properties such that it maybe coiled and uncoiled by repeatedly being wound and unwound around a large diameter spool, and wherein the tubing is capable of being sufficiently straightened between the winding and unwinding steps so that it can be inserted into an oil and/or gas well. In addition, a vehicle as defined herein is a moveable or transportable device, with or without an internal propulsion system (e.g., a truck, tractor, trailer, tracked vehicle, wheeled vehicle, sled, raft, boat, etc., or combinations of these).
- In a first preferred embodiment, a single large spool is utilized, about which the steel tubing is wound. The single large spool is oriented with its axis of rotation at least substantially perpendicular (or transverse) to the long edge and longitudinal axis LI-LI of the injector truck/trailer, but at least substantially parallel to the long edge and longitudinal axis LT-LT of the tubing supply truck/trailer. Thus, in one aspect of the present invention, a system for injecting or withdrawing a fluid into or from a well is provided, where the system comprises an injector vehicle having a longitudinal center axis, the injector vehicle operable to position moderately flexible tubing into the well and introduce the fluid. The system further comprises a tubing supply vehicle having a longitudinal center axis and operable to provide the moderately flexible tubing to the injector vehicle for positioning in the well, wherein the moderately flexible tubing is mounted on at least one spool, the at least one spool having an axis of rotation, wherein the longitudinal center axis of the injector vehicle is transverse to the axis of rotation of the at least one spool and transverse to the longitudinal center axis of the tubing supply vehicle.
- In a second preferred embodiment, a plurality of spools of tubing are interconnected and are oriented in a direction such that their shared and common axis is at least substantially perpendicular (or transverse) to the longitudinal axis of the injector truck/trailer, but parallel to the long edge and longitudinal axis of the tubing supply truck/trailer.
- In a separate aspect of this second preferred embodiment, a spiral guide is used between adjacent spools of tubing, wherein the spiral guide allows for the tubing to wind or unwind smoothly in transition between an inner layer of tubing on an empty spool and the outermost layer of tubing on an adjacent full spool, or vice-versa. More particularly, a full spool can have a multiple number of layers of tubing, such as five overlapping layers. Therefore, during the winding process, after a spool is full, a device for transitioning between the outer-most layer of tubing on the full spool and the empty inner core on the empty spool is needed. The spiral guide provides a mechanism for accomplishing this transition. Of course, the spiral guide works in reverse fashion when unwinding the spool. That is, after a first spool is emptied of its tubing, the tubing unwinds around the spiral guide, and in the process, the tubing transitions from the inner core of the empty spool having a relatively small radius of curvature, to the outer-most layer of tubing on the next adjacent full spool, where the outer-most layer of tubing occupies a large radius of curvature relative to the radius of curvature of the inner core of the empty spool. Thus, in one aspect of the present invention, a vehicle for supplying moderately flexible tubing is provided, the vehicle comprising a bed and a spooling assembly located on the bed. The spooling assembly comprises at least one spiral guide member operable to transition spooling and unspooling of the moderately flexible tubing from a first spool to an adjacent second spool of the spooling assembly, the at least one spiral guide member being positioned between the first and second spools.
- In a separate aspect of the first and second preferred embodiments, roller bearings are used under the flanges of the spool or spools. The roller bearings allow the spools to be rotated and the weight of the coiled tubing is supported and transmitted through the roller bearings to the truck/trailer body. Roller bearings are also preferably used under the ends of the axle that is used to rotate the spool or spools.
- In yet a separate aspect of the present invention, an alternate configuration is used whereby a single large spool is oriented with its axis of rotation at least substantially perpendicular (or transverse) to the longitudinal axis of the injector truck/trailer, and also at least substantially perpendicular (or transverse) to the longitudinal axis of the tubing supply truck/trailer. This separate embodiment utilizes a vertically adjustable or displaceable axis of rotation wherein the spool is lifted during winding and unwinding operations. In a separate aspect of this embodiment, the large spool is transported on a low-boy trailer, thereby providing sufficient clearance for the large single spool to be transported on public roads and highways. Thus, in one aspect of the present invention, a vehicle for supplying moderately flexible tubing is provided, the vehicle comprising a bed and a spooling assembly located on the bed, wherein the spooling assembly is configured to be raised and lowered relative to the bed.
- In addition to the above described aspects of the invention, methods of introducing moderately flexible tubing into an oil and/or gas well are also provided. Thus, in one aspect of the present invention, a method for supplying moderately flexible tubing to a well is provided. The method comprises a first step of providing (a) an injector vehicle operable to position moderately flexible tubing into the well, the injector vehicle having a longitudinal center axis, and (b) a tubing supply vehicle having a longitudinal center axis and operable to provide the moderately flexible tubing to the injector vehicle for positioning in the well, wherein the moderately flexible tubing is mounted on at least one spool, the at least one spool having an axis of rotation, wherein the longitudinal center axis of the injector vehicle is transverse to the axis of rotation of the at least one spool and transverse to the longitudinal center axis of the tubing supply vehicle. The method further comprises the steps of unspooling the moderately flexible tubing from the at least one spool, feeding the unspooled moderately flexible tubing to the injector vehicle, and introducing the unspooled moderately flexible tubing into the well.
- Further and more specific advantages and features of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description, taken in conjunction with the drawings.
- FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an equipment configuration of the prior art;
- FIG. 2 is a plan view showing an equipment configuration of a first embodiment;
- FIG. 3a is a plan view showing an equipment configuration of a separate embodiment;
- FIG. 3b is a side elevation view of the tubing supply truck/trailer shown in FIG. 3a;
- FIG. 4 is cross-sectional view showing a portion of the equipment shown in FIG. 3b;
- FIG. 5 is an perspective view of a portion of the component depicted in FIG. 4, including a portion of a full spool, a spiral guide, and portion of an empty spool;
- FIG. 6 is a end-on elevation view of a spiral guide portion of the embodiment shown in FIG. 3a;
- FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the spiral guide shown in FIG. 6, with schematic illustration of the adjacent full and empty spools; and
- FIGS. 8 and 9 are elevation views of yet a separate embodiment of the present invention.
- Referring now to FIG. 2, a first embodiment of a deep-well, continuous-coiled-tubing apparatus, or an
extended spooling apparatus 28, is shown mounted on a tubing supply truck/trailer 18. Theextended spooling apparatus 28 includes asingle spool 24 that extends lengthwise along thetrailer 22 of the tubing supply truck/trailer 18. Theextended spooling apparatus 28 includes aninner core 30 around which the steel tubing T is wound. Theinner core 30 has an axis A-A that is aligned substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis LT-LT of the tubing supply truck/trailer 18. In addition, theinner core 30 and its axis A-A are aligned substantially parallel to thelong edge 16 of the tubing supply truck/trailer 18. However, in contrast to the prior art depicted in FIG. 1, theinner core 30 and its axis A-A are aligned substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis LI-LI of the injector truck/trailer 10. In addition, for theextended spooling apparatus 28, the longitudinal axis LT-LT of the tubing supply truck/trailer 18 is also substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis LI-LI of the injector truck/trailer 10. - In a separate aspect of
extended spooling apparatus 28,inner core 30 may extend longitudinally beyondflanges 26 and act as a drive shaft to rotatespool 24. More particularly,inner core 30 or anaxle 31 operatively connected toinner core 30 may extend longitudinally beyond at least one of the twoflanges 26 ofextended spooling apparatus 28 and be powered by a rotating drive mechanism (not shown), thereby serving to rotatespool 24 for the winding procedure of placing tubing T on thespool 24, and the unwinding procedure of taking it off thespool 24. - In use, the tubing supply truck/
trailer 18 is driven to the location of the oil and/or gas well W and its longitudinal axis LT-LT is situated substantially perpendicular (or transverse) to the longitudinal axis LI-LI of the injector truck/trailer 10. The tubing T on the tubing supply truck/trailer 18 is then partially unwound and inserted into the well W. To advance the tubing T down the well W, thespool 24 is rotated in a first direction to unwind the tubing T off of theinner core 30. As the tubing T is progressively unwound, an additional optional step includes moving thespool 24 forwards and/or backwards alongdirectional arrow 32 to facilitate allowing the tubing T to unwind off ofspool 24 at an orientation that is substantially similar to the longitudinal axis LI-LI of the injector truck/trailer 10. More particularly, as shown in FIG. 2, as the tubing T approaches the well W at an angle θ, where angle θ is measured positive from either side of the longitudinal axis LI-LI of the injector truck/trailer 10, then by moving thespool 24 laterally relative to the longitudinal axis LI-LI of the injector truck/trailer 10 the tubing T is unwound in a smooth fashion, thereby mitigating the risk of stressing or bending the tubing T at the well W or at thespool 24. Moving thespool 24 can be achieved in several ways, including by moving the tubing supply truck/trailer 18 forwards and/or backwards alongarrow 32, and/or by moving only thetrailer 22 forwards and/or backwards alongdirectional arrow 32, such as by a hydraulic mechanism, and/or by moving thespool 24 ontrailer 22 forwards and/or backwards alongdirectional arrow 32, such as by a hydraulic mechanism. Alternatively, a mechanical guide (not shown) may be situated between thespool 24 and the well W, wherein the guide is used to assist in properly orienting the tubing T from thespool 24 to the well W. - Referring now to FIGS. 3a and 3 b, a separate preferred embodiment of an
extended spooling apparatus 34 is shown. Extended spoolingapparatus 34 includes a plurality ofspools 24 mounted on the tubing supply truck/trailer 18. The example shown in FIGS. 3a and 3 b ofextended spooling apparatus 34 features threespools 24 a-c. Betweenspools spools spiral guides extended spooling apparatus 34, or to transition between an empty spool and a full spool when tubing T is being unwound from theextended spooling apparatus 34. - As with
extended spooling apparatus 28, extended spoolingapparatus 34 includesinner cores 30 a-c forspools 24 a-c, respectively, around which the steel tubing T is wound. Thespools 24 a-c have a common (or co-located) rotational axis A-A that is aligned substantially parallel with the longitudinal axis LT-LT of the tubing supply truck/trailer 18. In addition, spools 24 a-c and their common axis A-A are aligned substantially parallel to thelong edge 16 of the tubing supply truck/trailer 18. However, in contrast to the prior art depicted in FIG. 1, thespools 24 a-c and their common axis A-A are aligned substantially perpendicular (or transverse) to the longitudinal axis LI-LI of the injector truck/trailer 10. In addition, for theextended spooling apparatus 34, the longitudinal axis LT-LT of the tubing supply truck/trailer 18 is also substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis LI-LI of the injector truck/trailer 10. - Referring now to FIG. 4, a partial cross-sectional view of the
extended spooling apparatus 34 is shown. FIG. 4 illustratesspool 24 b in the center of the drawing withfull spool 24 a to the left of spool full 24 b, and with substantiallyempty spool 24 c to the right offull spool 24 b. The number of layers of tubing T wound around aspool 24 can vary depending upon the size of the tubing. For steel tubing having a diameter of 2⅞ inches, preferably about three or five layers of tubing will be wound around each spool. For illustration purposes, and as an example without limitation, FIG. 4 is shown withspools spool 24 c has only the very beginning of a first layer of tubing T. - For the example shown in FIGS. 3a, 3 b and 4, a
typical spool 24 a-c will have a longitudinal length Ws, where Ws is preferably between about 4 to 12 feet long, and more preferably between about 6 to 10 feet long, and more preferably yet, about 8 feet long. Spiral guides 36 a and 36 b have a longitudinal length WSG, where WSG is preferably between about 0.5 to 2.0 feet long, and more preferably between about 0.6 to 1.5 feet long, and more preferably yet, between about 0.7 to 1.0 feet long. - Still referring to FIG. 4, by way of example and not limitation, for the winding of tubing T onto extended spooling
apparatus 34,first spool 24 a is wound with five layers of tubing T before any tubing is applied tospools spool 24 a is filled with five layers of tubing T, spiral guide 36 a transitions betweenfull spool 24 a toempty spool 24 b by providing a spiral path that leads fromfull spool 24 a toempty spool 24 b, as will be discussed below. Upon winding tubing T around spiral guide 36 a, tubing T is set at a position to beginlayer 1 onempty spool 24 b at the left side ofspool 24 b as shown in FIG. 4.Spool 24 b is then filled with tubing T by progressively addinglayer 1 from left to right, per FIG. 4, acrossspool 24 b. Layer 2 ofspool 24 b is applied by wrapping tubing T aroundspool 24 b from right to left, per FIG. 4, afterlayer 1 is filled. FIG. 4 includes directional arrows 35.1-5 along each layer 1-5, respectively, that show the direction of filling for each layer 1-5.Layers 3 through 5 are filled in a similar fashion as forlayers 1 and 2. For the example shown in FIG. 4,layer 5 of tubing is completed at the right end ofspool 24 b. Tubing T then transitions toempty spool 24 c by transitioning along the spiral path provided byspiral guide 36 b until tubing T is set at a position to beginlayer 1 onempty spool 24 c at the left side ofspool 24 c, per FIG. 4. Thus, each spiral guide 36 a and 36 b provides a transitioning mechanism for altering the position of the tubing from a full spool to an empty spool, or vice-versa. - Referring now to FIG. 5, a perspective view of a portion of the
extended spooling apparatus 34 is illustrated, includingfull spool 24 b,spiral guide 36 b and substantiallyempty spool 24 c. Tubing T atlayer 5 transitions fromspool 24 b ontospiral guide 36 b where its winding diameter is modified and reduced along the path ofspiral guide 36 b such that tubing T transitions tolayer 1 and forms the first layer on inner core 30 c ofspool 24 c. - Referring now to FIGS. 6 and 7, the
spiral guide 36 b is shown in a cross-sectional view and a perspective view, respectively. FIGS. 6 and 7 illustrate that the tubing T transitions from a position forlayer 5 to a position forlayer 1. Although shown to occupy about one revolution around spiral guide 36 a, 36 b, the transition fromlayer 5 tolayer 1 may occupy a fraction of a revolution, or it may occupy more than about one revolution. Despite the number of revolutions used, spiral guides 36 a and 36 b provide a substantially spiral shaped path for transitioning the radius of curvature of tubing T around axis A-A betweenspools 24 a-c. - Still referring to FIG. 6, the interior circular line in phantom corresponds to the inside of
spools 24 a-c, orinner cores 30 a-c, with inside diameters di, where di can vary depending on the dimensions of the tubing being applied to thespools 24 a-c. For steel tubing having a diameter of about 2⅞ inches, theinner cores 30 a-c with an inside diameters di are anticipated to be about 8 to 10 feet in diameter. The outer circular line in phantom corresponds to the outside diameter offlanges 26 that form the exterior ends ofspools spools - In use, the tubing supply truck/
trailer 18 is driven to the location of the oil and/or gas well W and situated substantially perpendicular to the injector truck/trailer 10. Preferably, thelateral center 37 c ofspool 24 c is initially aligned with the longitudinal axis LI-LI of the injector truck/trailer 10 or the location of well W. The tubing T on the tubing supply truck/trailer 18 is then partially unwound off offull spool 24 c and inserted into the well W. To advance the tubing T down the well W, thespools 24 a-c and spiral guides 36 a and 36 b are rotated together as one unit in a first direction to unwind the tubing T off of inner core 30 c. After the tubing T is progressively unwound off ofthird spool 24 c, tubing T transitions fromlayer 1 onempty spool 24 c tolayer 5 on fullsecond spool 24 b by transitioning its radius of curvature alongspiral guide 36 b. That is, tubing T transitions fromlayer 1 onspool 24 c tolayer 5 onspool 24 b. Of course, ifspool 24 b held three layers of tubing, then tubing T would transition fromlayer 1 onspool 24 c tolayer 3 onspool 24 b. Tubing T is then progressively unwound off ofsecond spool 24 b. After the tubing T is progressively unwound off ofsecond spool 24 b, tubing T transitions fromlayer 1 onempty spool 24 b tolayer 5 on fullfirst spool 24 a by transitioning its radius of curvature along spiral guide 36 a.First spool 24 a is then progressively unwound until tubing T is emptied off ofspool 24 a, or until the desired depth of insertion is reached. - Additional optional steps include moving the
spools 24 a-c forwards alongdirectional arrow 32 to facilitate allowing the tubing T to unwind off ofspool trailer 10. More particularly, as shown in FIG. 3, as the tubing T approaches the well W at an angle θ, where angle θ is measured positive from either side of the longitudinal axis LI-LI of the injector truck/trailer 10, then by moving thespools trailer 10, the tubing T is unwound at a low angle θ in a smooth fashion, thereby mitigating the risk of stressing or bending the tubing T at the well W or at thespools spools trailer 18 forwards alongarrow 32, and/or by moving only thetrailer 22 forwards alongdirectional arrow 32, such as by a hydraulic mechanism, and/or by moving thespools 24 a-c ontrailer 22 forwards and/or backwards alongdirectional arrow 32, such as by a hydraulic mechanism. Alternatively, a mechanical guide (not shown) may be situated between the tubing supply truck/trailer 18 and the well W, wherein the guide is used to assist in properly orienting the tubing T from thespools - Extended spooling
apparatus 34 is distinguished overextended spooling apparatus 28 in terms of the frequency in which adjusting the position of the tubing supply truck/trailer 18 relative the injector truck/trailer is performed. More particularly, if the tubing supply truck/trailer 18 is sufficiently distant from the injector truck/trailer 10, for eitherextended spooling apparatus 28 orextended spooling apparatus 34, adjusting the position of the tubing supply truck/trailer 18 relative to the injector truck/trailer 10 may not be necessary because the angle θ is too small to cause potential damaging stress to tubing T. However, if the tubing supply truck/trailer 18 is close enough to the injector truck/trailer 10 to require adjusting the position of the tubing supply truck/trailer to prevent damaging tubing T during unwinding or winding, then extended spoolingapparatus 34 can be adjusted twice by moving the tubing supply truck/trailer 18 forward a first time after unwinding tubing T fromspool 24 c and initiating unwinding atspool 24 b, and then by moving the tubing supply truck./trailer forward a second time after initiating unwinding atspool 24 a. For these two adjustments, preferably the lateral centers 37 b and 37 a ofspools trailer 10. In contrast to this method, extended spoolingapparatus 28 would require adjusting the location of the tubing supply truck/trailer 18 relative to the longitudinal axis LI-LI of the injector truck/trailer 10 by substantially continuous movement of thesingle spool 24 forwards and backwards throughout either the unwinding or winding procedure. - Referring again to FIG. 3a, in a separate aspect of
extended spooling apparatus 34,inner core 30 a and/or 30 c may extend longitudinally beyondend flanges 26 and act as a drive shaft to rotatespools 24 a-c. More particularly,inner core 30 a and/or 30 c or an axle type structure, such asaxle 38 operatively connected tospools 24 a-c may extend longitudinally beyond at least one of the twoend flanges 26 ofextended spooling apparatus 34 and be powered by a rotating drive mechanism (not shown), thereby serving to spinspools 24 a-c for the winding and unwinding procedure of placing tubing T on thespools 24 a-c or taking it off thespool 24 a-c. - Referring again to FIG. 3b, in a yet separate aspect of the present invention,
roller bearings 39 known to those familiar with the art, are preferably included under theflanges 26 of spool(s) 24 so that the spool(s) 24 can be rotated and the weight of the coiled tubing can be supported and transmitted through the roller bearings to the truck/trailer body. In addition,roller bearings 39 are also preferably included in conjunction with thedrive shaft 38 that is used to rotate the spool or spools. - Referring again to FIG. 1, in yet a separate embodiment the equipment configuration of the prior art is applied, but with a modified
extended spooling apparatus 40, as shown in elevation view of FIG. 8. Extended spoolingapparatus 40 includes a singlelarge spool 42 having an axis A-A that is substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis LI-LI of the injector truck/trailer 10, and is also substantially perpendicular to thelong edge 16 of tubing supply truck/trailer 18 and the longitudinal axis LT-LT of the tubing supply truck/trailer 18. Extended spoolingapparatus 40 utilizes a verticallyadjustable spool 42 that can be raised and lowered to perform the winding and unwinding operations, as in FIG. 9. Preferably,spool 42 andtrailer 22 are interconnected using a pair ofelongated supports 44 on each side of thetrailer 22. The elongated supports 44 are preferably connected to therotational axis 46 ofspool 42, and allow thespool 42 to be freely rotated when thespool 42 is in its raised position, as in FIG. 9. When in the lowered position, a first angle φ1 exists between the elongated supports 44. When in the raised position, a second angle φ2 exists between theelongated supports 44, where angle φ2 is less than angle φ1. Preferably, theelongated supports 44 are moveable, and more preferably, theelongated supports 44 are slideable relative to each other, thereby allowing them to be adjusted from a first position corresponding to the lowered spool position, as shown in FIG. 8, to a second position corresponding to the raised spool position, as shown in FIG. 9. - The
spool 42 ofextended spooling apparatus 40 preferably features two semi-circular end portions having about a 5-foot radius separated by a horizontal distance of about 20 to 30 feet. FIG. 8 illustrates an example of the present embodiment where the inside of thespool 42 has a height of about 10 feet, with two semi-circular end portions having about a 5-foot radius separated by a horizontal distance of about 20 feet. After winding with tubing T, the physical dimensions of the coiled tubing load on thetrailer 22 will be about 8 feet wide, 33 feet in longitudinal length, and about 12 to 13 feet high. In use, the longitudinal axis LT-LT of the tubing supply truck/trailer 18 is positioned to substantially correspond to the longitudinal axis LI-LI of the injector truck/trailer 10. Thespool 42 is then elevated about 12 to 14 feet, as shown in FIG. 9, and then rotated about its axis for unspooling and respooling the tubing about thespool 42. - It is a separate aspect of the invention,
extended spooling apparatuses - Embodiments of the present invention are anticipated to typically be used with 2⅞ inch diameter steel tubing. However, the present invention may also be used with 1{fraction (9/10)}, 1{fraction (2/3)}, 2{fraction (1/16)},2{fraction (3/8)}, and 2 {fraction (5/8)} inch diameter steel tubing. As noted above, the drive shaft for the spools and the flanges of the spools are structurally connected. If the same drive shaft diameter and coiled tubing flange outside diameter are maintained, then longer lengths with more coiled tubing layers can be accommodated for tubing with progressively smaller diameters.
- The invention has been described with respect to preferred embodiments; however, other changes and modifications to the invention may be made which are still contemplated within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (24)
1. A system for injecting or withdrawing a fluid into or from a well, comprising:
an injector vehicle operable to position a moderately flexible tubing into the well, the injector vehicle having a longitudinal center axis;
a tubing supply vehicle having a longitudinal center axis and operable to provide the moderately flexible tubing to the injector vehicle for positioning in the well, wherein the moderately flexible tubing is mounted on at least one spool, the at least one spool having an axis of rotation, wherein the longitudinal center axis of the injector vehicle is transverse to the axis of rotation of the at least one spool and transverse to the longitudinal center axis of the tubing supply vehicle.
2. The system of claim 1 , wherein said at least one spool includes flanges.
3. The system of claim 2 , further comprising roller bearings under said flanges.
4. The system of claim 1 , wherein said moderately flexible tubing comprises steel tubing.
5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the axis of rotation of the at least one spool is substantially parallel to the longitudinal center axis of the tubing supply vehicle.
6. The system of claim 1 , wherein said longitudinal center axis of the tubing supply vehicle is substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal center axis of the injector vehicle.
7. The system of claim 1 , wherein the tubing supply vehicle comprises a propulsion system.
8. A vehicle for supplying moderately flexible coiled tubing, comprising:
a bed;
a spooling assembly located on the bed, wherein the spooling assembly comprises at least one spiral guide member operable to transition spooling and unspooling of the moderately flexible coiled tubing from a first spool to an adjacent second spool of the spooling assembly, the at least one spiral guide member being positioned between the first and second spools.
9. The vehicle of claim 8 , further comprising a longitudinal axis, and wherein the spooling assembly includes a rotational axis, the longitudinal axis substantially coinciding with the rotational axis.
10. The vehicle of claim 9 , wherein said longitudinal axis of the vehicle is substantially perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of an adjacent injector vehicle.
11. The vehicle of claim 8 , wherein the first spool and the second spool include flanges.
12. The vehicle of claim 11 , further comprising roller bearings under said flanges.
13. The vehicle of claim 8 , wherein the spiral guide member includes a substantially spiral shaped path for the moderately flexible coiled tubing.
14. The vehicle of claim 8 , wherein the vehicle comprises a propulsion system.
15. A method for supplying moderately flexible tubing to a well, comprising:
providing (a) an injector vehicle operable to position the moderately flexible tubing into the well, the injector vehicle having a longitudinal center axis, and (b) a tubing supply vehicle having a longitudinal center axis and operable to provide the moderately flexible tubing to the injector vehicle for positioning in the well, wherein the moderately flexible tubing is mounted on at least one spool, the at least one spool having an axis of rotation, wherein the longitudinal center axis of the injector vehicle is transverse to the axis of rotation of the at least one spool and transverse to the longitudinal center axis of the tubing supply vehicle;
unspooling the moderately flexible tubing from the at least one spool;
feeding the unspooled moderately flexible tubing to the injector vehicle; and
introducing the unspooled moderately flexible tubing into the well.
16. The method of claim 15 , further comprising the step of moving the at least one spool at least once during said unspooling step.
17. The method of claim 15 , further comprising the step of respooling the moderately flexible tubing on to the at least one spool after said introducing step.
18. A vehicle for supplying moderately flexible coiled tubing, comprising:
a bed;
a spooling assembly located on the bed, wherein the spooling assembly is configured to be raised and lowered relative to the bed.
19. The vehicle of claim 18 , wherein the spooling assembly comprises a spool having a length and a height, and wherein the length exceeds the height.
20. The vehicle of claim 19 , wherein said spool further comprises two substantially semi-circular ends having diameters substantially equal to the height of the spool, said substantially semi-circular ends being separated by a substantially straight section having a span, wherein the length of the spool is the span of the substantially straight section plus the height of the spool.
21. The vehicle of claim 18 , wherein the spooling assembly has at least two elongated supports on each side of the spool and wherein the at least two elongated supports on each side of the spool are movably connected to one another.
22. The vehicle of claim 21 , wherein an angle between the two movably connected, elongated supports has a first value when the spool is in a first lowered position relative to the bed and a second value when the spool is in a second raised position relative to the bed, wherein the first lowered position is lower relative to the bed than the second raised position, and wherein the first value exceeds the second value.
23. The vehicle of claim 18 , wherein the vehicle is configured as a trailer.
24. The vehicle of claim 18 , further comprising means for raising and lowering the spool.
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/456,003 US20030226667A1 (en) | 2002-06-06 | 2003-06-06 | Deep-well, continuous-coiled-tubing apparatus and method of use |
US10/925,770 US7028781B2 (en) | 2002-06-06 | 2004-08-24 | Deep-well, continuous-coiled-tubing apparatus and method of use |
US11/406,771 US20060254781A1 (en) | 2002-06-06 | 2006-04-18 | Deep-well, continuous-coiled-tubing apparatus and method of use |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US38707302P | 2002-06-06 | 2002-06-06 | |
US10/456,003 US20030226667A1 (en) | 2002-06-06 | 2003-06-06 | Deep-well, continuous-coiled-tubing apparatus and method of use |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US10/925,770 Division US7028781B2 (en) | 2002-06-06 | 2004-08-24 | Deep-well, continuous-coiled-tubing apparatus and method of use |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US20030226667A1 true US20030226667A1 (en) | 2003-12-11 |
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ID=29736255
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---|---|---|---|
US10/456,003 Abandoned US20030226667A1 (en) | 2002-06-06 | 2003-06-06 | Deep-well, continuous-coiled-tubing apparatus and method of use |
US10/925,770 Expired - Fee Related US7028781B2 (en) | 2002-06-06 | 2004-08-24 | Deep-well, continuous-coiled-tubing apparatus and method of use |
US11/406,771 Abandoned US20060254781A1 (en) | 2002-06-06 | 2006-04-18 | Deep-well, continuous-coiled-tubing apparatus and method of use |
Family Applications After (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US10/925,770 Expired - Fee Related US7028781B2 (en) | 2002-06-06 | 2004-08-24 | Deep-well, continuous-coiled-tubing apparatus and method of use |
US11/406,771 Abandoned US20060254781A1 (en) | 2002-06-06 | 2006-04-18 | Deep-well, continuous-coiled-tubing apparatus and method of use |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
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US (3) | US20030226667A1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2003243424A1 (en) |
CA (2) | CA2685286A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2003104613A2 (en) |
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US20060283605A1 (en) * | 2005-06-17 | 2006-12-21 | Wood Thomas D | Coiled tubing transport system and method |
US20070131432A1 (en) * | 2005-12-13 | 2007-06-14 | Pleskie Allan J | Coiled tubing injector system |
US20080169650A1 (en) * | 2007-01-17 | 2008-07-17 | Webb Earl D | Connector Having Offset Radius Grooves |
US20080169094A1 (en) * | 2007-01-11 | 2008-07-17 | Muhammad Asif Ehtesham | Spoolable Connector |
US20090084605A1 (en) * | 2007-09-28 | 2009-04-02 | Cmte Development Limited | Indexing for coiled tubing drilling rig |
CN102691485A (en) * | 2011-03-25 | 2012-09-26 | 四川宏华石油设备有限公司 | Continuous pipe working device and rotation speed control method of same |
US10995563B2 (en) | 2017-01-18 | 2021-05-04 | Minex Crc Ltd | Rotary drill head for coiled tubing drilling apparatus |
US11346172B2 (en) * | 2018-01-10 | 2022-05-31 | Well-Sense Technology Limited | Through-bore spool apparatus |
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WO2005014457A2 (en) * | 2003-07-11 | 2005-02-17 | Engineered Support Systems, Inc. | Systems and method for the rapid deployment of piping |
NL1024079C1 (en) * | 2003-08-11 | 2005-02-14 | Novatug B V | Retaining device for a cable. |
US9476269B2 (en) | 2014-04-15 | 2016-10-25 | Peter E Dyck | Apparatus and method for pulling and laying poly pipe |
US10654395B1 (en) * | 2016-04-08 | 2020-05-19 | Trinity Bay Equipment Holdings, LLC | Pipe deployment trailer |
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KR102029182B1 (en) * | 2019-07-16 | 2019-10-08 | 대한전선 주식회사 | Cable laying method using cable laying appartus capable of changing direction of cable |
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US11821270B2 (en) * | 2019-12-04 | 2023-11-21 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Split reel and handler system |
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US10995563B2 (en) | 2017-01-18 | 2021-05-04 | Minex Crc Ltd | Rotary drill head for coiled tubing drilling apparatus |
US11136837B2 (en) | 2017-01-18 | 2021-10-05 | Minex Crc Ltd | Mobile coiled tubing drilling apparatus |
US11346172B2 (en) * | 2018-01-10 | 2022-05-31 | Well-Sense Technology Limited | Through-bore spool apparatus |
US11761282B2 (en) | 2018-01-10 | 2023-09-19 | Well-Sense Technology Limited | Through-bore spool apparatus |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2685286A1 (en) | 2003-12-18 |
CA2488106A1 (en) | 2003-12-18 |
US20060254781A1 (en) | 2006-11-16 |
AU2003243424A8 (en) | 2003-12-22 |
US7028781B2 (en) | 2006-04-18 |
AU2003243424A1 (en) | 2003-12-22 |
CA2488106C (en) | 2011-08-16 |
US20050023404A1 (en) | 2005-02-03 |
WO2003104613A3 (en) | 2004-07-15 |
WO2003104613A2 (en) | 2003-12-18 |
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Legal Events
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STCB | Information on status: application discontinuation |
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