EP1490186A1

EP1490186A1 - Bending machine for profiles and circular pipes

Info

Publication number: EP1490186A1
Application number: EP03717227A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Walter E. SPÄTH
Original assignee: Palima W Ludwig and Co
Current assignee: Palima W Ludwig and Co
Priority date: 2002-03-28
Filing date: 2003-03-24
Publication date: 2004-12-29
Also published as: CN1649683A; US20050199033A1; JP2005521559A; WO2003082491A1; DE10214275A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a profile roller bending machine comprising receiving, delivering, and bending units for profiles and circular pipes that are to be bent. The bending head (1) of the profile bending machine essentially comprises one pair of support rolls (18), followed by one pair of rolling rolls (17), followed by at least one bending roll (14). Said bending roll (14) is arranged in a fixed manner on a rotary disk (12), the turning center of which runs parallel to the longitudinal axis of the profile (5) that is to be bent. The rotary disk is part of a coordinate table which is movable at least in two directions that are perpendicular to each other and which is adjustable according to the bending requirements for the profile.

Description

Bending machine for profiles and round tubes

The invention relates to a bending machine for profiles and round tubes according to the preamble of claim 1.

A bending machine for bending round tubes has become known with the subject matter of DE 196 30 025 A1. Circular tube profiles in the 2D and 3D range can be freely bent with this machine. However, the production capacity of the known bending machine is limited only to low throughput speeds at low degrees of deformation. A similar arrangement results from DE 40 41 668 A, in which a profile to be bent is pushed over a mandrel shaft tool and is deformed by a three-roll bending arrangement, which consists essentially of successive support roller pairs, pairs of rolling rolls and pairs of bending rolls.

The pairs of bending rollers were arranged on a movable in three mutually perpendicular directions (X, Y, Z direction) table, so thus a free bending was possible.

However, there was only a minimal throughput speed for the profile to be bent, because a drive of the rollers was missing and only a very sluggish bending was possible because the entire bending roller assembly was arranged on a three-way adjustable coordinate table.

The invention is therefore the object of developing a bending machine for profiles and round tubes of the type mentioned so that much higher throughput speeds can be achieved at higher degrees of deformation of the profile to be bent.

To solve the problem, the invention is characterized in that the bending head at least from the series arrangement of a Support roller pair, an adjoining pair of rollers and at least one adjoining bending roller, wherein the bending roller is fixedly arranged on a turntable, the center of rotation is arranged parallel to the longitudinal axis of the profile to be bent at a distance therefrom, and that the turntable itself part of at least one is in two mutually perpendicular directions adjustable coordinate table.

With the given technical teaching, therefore, there is the significant advantage that now instead of the arrangement of several bending rollers (for example, bending roller pairs) only one arranged on a rotationally driven turntable bending roller is required, said turntable turn part of at least in Y and Z direction is movable coordinate table.

The so-called coordinate table has in its center a passage in the region of which also has a passage turntable is arranged. The passage in the hub is required for the implementation of the profiles to be bent.

The coordinate table itself now consists of two slidable in a plane against each other at right angles plates, so that the passing through the opening and to be bent profile depending on the displacement position of one or the other coordinate plate based on the bending roller arranged thereon to the left or right, according to down or up, or in a combined direction is deformed during the feed, so that z. B. gives a helical shape in the bending of the profile. Of course, all sorts of other shapes from the original straight profile can be bent, such. B. bends in the same and / or different radii.

Although it is already known from DE 196 30 025 A1 that one fixes a bending roller radially displaceable on a rotationally driven hub.

In this known arrangement, however, there is the disadvantage that only low speeds at low degrees of deformation are possible. So here only can thin profiles are bent with a small cross-section, because the radial displacement drive of the bending roller, which must be attached to the rotationally driven turntable, causes great problems.

This increases the total moving mass when bending, so that just low throughput speeds are achievable.

In particular, the radial feed movement is possible only with relatively little force, because the corresponding, associated power drive is difficult to integrate in the turntable. For example, with the known bending device, no helix can be bent out of a round tube, because the rotary drive of the hub in conjunction with the radial drive of the bending roller achieves only a maximum of 360 ° in one direction.

This is where the invention comes in, which provides that a radially adjustable, that is to say firmly arranged, bending roller is fastened to a turntable and that the turntable itself, however, is arranged with its pivot bearing on a coordinate plate displaceable in the Z direction and lockable.

A radially deliverable bending roller according to the invention is now replaced by a fixed bending roller, which is arranged on a displaceable in the Z direction coordinate plate.

In addition, however, the invention also provides that an additional displacement movement can also be assigned in the Y direction of this bending roller. Thus, a much greater freedom in the free bending of profiles is achieved. You can now set any desired bending force you want, without affecting the existing bending space, because it is no longer necessary to arrange the radial displacement drive for a bending roller in the region of a turntable.

The said drive means are thus arranged at the periphery of the bending head and are realized in the form of coordinate plates. Thus, the bending roller can be moved freely in the YZ plane, by corresponding displacement drive of the associated coordinate plates, which was not possible in the prior art.

In this way - because of the better control in the Y-Z plane - much finer adjustment movements are possible and thus much higher bending speeds can be achieved.

In addition, a multi-coiled profile can be generated, which was not possible in the aforementioned DE 196 30 025 A1.

Independently of this and as an independent subject matter of the invention, the invention is intended to be based on the further realization that at higher speeds, higher degrees of deformation of profiles are also possible according to the invention.

Here, the invention provides that at least one of the rolling rolls of existing rolling-roller pairs is deliverable in their movement to the profile to be bent, so that according to the invention the rolling rolls a rolling force can be placed on the profile to be bent.

Thus, at least one of the rolling rolls of existing pairs of rolling rolls is assigned a feed force, which ensures that the rolling roll rolls the profile to be bent with a correspondingly high pressure, and thereby induces a flow process in order to allow it to be bent precisely in the following direction by the bending roll. Due to the induced flow process, the required force on the bending roller is reduced significantly. Likewise, the speed of passage of the profile to be bent can be substantially increased.

Due to the rolling and the resulting flow process, it is possible to achieve degrees of deformation that are not possible when using conventional bending technology possible are. This means that the ratio of profile size or diameter to inner radius of a profile to be bent can be made even smaller, without risk of cracking or minimization.

For this purpose, it is stated that a ratio of profile size or diameter to inner radius of the profile to be bent of 1, 5 to 1 to 1 to 1 is possible by the rolling, and thereby induced flow process.

The Auswalzprozess takes place exactly in the bending line of the profile to be bent, that is, at the place where take place by the bending process material changes. The induced flow process can be bent with lower bending forces than conventional methods.

Another advantage is the improvement of bending accuracy by greatly reducing the springback in the profile to be bent. Due to the artificially induced flow process, caused by the rolling roller, a cracking in the structure is largely avoided. That is, the stretching operations in conventional profile bending accounts for this bending process. These physical processes in the profile to be molded enable a much higher forming speed compared to conventional bending methods.

Furthermore, this method has the advantage that any bending contour can be achieved in a single bending operation. With the conventional 3- to 4-roll bending process, however, several bending operations are necessary for producing a finished bending shape of the profile. When using the bending process according to the invention, however, a much higher production capacity is achieved. This results in a better material compatibility of the Porfiles to be bent, a much gentler treatment of the surface of the profile, which eliminates post-processing, z. B. Preliminary work for finishes or anodization and the like. More.

Accordingly, at high throughput rates, high degrees of deformation of profiles to be bent can accordingly be achieved. It should be noted, by the way, that the present invention is not limited to the bending of round tubes, but all open and closed hollow sections can be formed.

Although it is known to provide Auswalzaktionen at profiles to be bent in the 2D range (see DE 197 33 932 A1). However, this is a core stretch bending process via predetermined bending templates.

In the cited document, however, the bending roller or the bending roller pair was removed during the bending process in a decisive manner from the center of rotation of the rolling rolls. This is undesirable for the bending of narrow radii and leads in particular to disadvantages in the spatial bending of profiles.

It should therefore be as possible, the bending roller arranged only at a small distance to the pair of rollers and still allow a corresponding spatial bending.

Here, the invention sets eih, which provides that just the bending roller is rigidly mounted on a turntable and in the same plane as the pair of rollers acts, but it is spaced from this. Thus, there is no distance between the effective bending roller plane and the effective rolling roller plane, as described in the earlier DE 197 33 932. This is achieved by reducing the resistance forces in the material to be deformed by the generated flow process in the outer region of the profile to be bent in the rolling roller plane.

In the invention, therefore, there is the advantage that you can rotate the turntable according to the invention by more than 360 ° or by a multiple thereof, which was not possible in the prior art (DE 196 30 025 A1). Because of the Dispensing with a radial feed movement in the rotary drive can therefore be made according to the invention, a much faster rotation of the turntable. It is therefore a highly dynamic rotation, with low mass at the high throughputs can be achieved. This allows fast axial push-through movements are carried out for the profile to be bent, which was not possible in the prior art.

It is therefore important that the necessary at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the profile to be bent feed movements an equally fast adjustment of the bending roller, allows, but which makes the control easier and faster.

The problem with fast bending is that it overcomes the inertia of the moving masses. The only moving mass according to the invention are the turntable and the far away from the bending roll outward drives for the coordinate plates. Therefore, the bending direction due to the rotational movement of the turntable can be changed within a very short time, which is not possible in large-scale and heavy drives on a turntable according to the prior art. Therefore, according to the invention, electromechanical drives are also used for the various movements, rather than comparatively hydraulic drives, because electromechanical drives operate much faster and can be controlled more accurately.

The subject of the present invention results not only from the subject matter of the individual claims, but also from the combination of the individual claims with each other.

All information and features disclosed in the documents, including the abstract, in particular the spatial design shown in the drawings, are claimed to be essential to the invention insofar as they are novel individually or in combination with respect to the prior art. In the following, the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to drawings showing several execution paths. Here are from the drawings and their description further features essential to the invention and advantages of the invention.

Show it."

Figure 1: a schematic, oblique plan view of a bending machine according to the invention;

FIG. 2 shows the bending machine according to FIG. 1 with the covering hood removed;

Figure 3: the side view of the arrangement of Figure 2;

Figure 4: the enlarged side view of the bending head of Figure 3;

FIG. 5 shows the illustration rotated by 90 ° in comparison to FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 shows a schematic representation of the setting of the rolling roller with adjusting device via an eccentric disk;

FIG. 7 shows a modified embodiment with respect to FIG. 4 with application of the rolling force via another arrangement;

FIG. 8 shows the explanation of the principle according to FIG. 7.

In Figure 1, a bending machine for profiles and round tubes is generally shown, which consists of a bending head 1 which is fixedly connected to a bridge 2, on which a number of spaced-apart guides 6 are attached. At the rear part of the bridge 2 in this case a mandrel station 3 is provided for the support of a mandrel rod 21, and further is a thrust slide 4, with which the profile to be bent 5 is pushed into the bending head 1. There are two possibilities for feeding a profile. Either one or more pairs of rollers are rotationally driven in the bending head, so that they promote the profile by their rotational movement in the longitudinal direction, or in another embodiment, these pairs of rollers are not rotatably driven and it is only the profile to be bent on the thrust slide 4 by the bending head 1 pushed through.

In Figure 1 is still shown that the bending head 1 is covered by a hood 7.

In connection with Figure 2 further details of the bending head 1 can be seen.

On a foundation plate 8, a vertical web plate 9 is arranged, on which a first displacement drive in the Z direction for a coordinate plate 10 is arranged.

The displacement drive takes place here by the drive 16 for the coordinate plate 10th

On this coordinate plate 10, a further coordinate plate 11 is arranged drivable in the Y direction, wherein the drive is effected by the drive 26 which is fixed to the coordinate plate 10. The two coordinate plates 10, 11 are thus determined against each other in a rectangular Y-Z coordinate system. This in turn is opposite the feed direction X of the profiles 5 to be deformed in a rectangular orientation, so that the overall result is a rectangular X-Y-Z coordinate system for the reference planes of the device according to the invention.

On the coordinate plate 11 is now parallel to a turntable 12 rotatably mounted, which is driven via a drive belt 23 by a drive 13 from rotating, which is fixed to the coordinate plate 11. With the hub 12, a bracket 15 is connected to which a bending roller 14 is attached. From Figures 3 and 4 show more details of the bending head 1:

It can be seen in FIG. 4 that the mandrel rod 21 passes through the profile 5 to be bent and a mandrel shaft tool 22 is arranged in the interior of the profile 5 in the bending region, which is always held in the bending region via the drive of the mandrel station.

The bending device essentially consists of a thrust carriage-side support roller pair 18, a pair of rolling rollers 17 arranged in front in the bending direction and at least one bending roller 14 arranged in front of it.

It should be noted that the pairs of rollers 17, 18 are present in pairs, but can also be present in two pairs or more than once, so that they can be arranged on the circumference star-shaped around the profile 5 to be bent. For reasons of simplification, in the following description only one-level roller pairs 17, 18 are assumed, although a plurality of such roller pairs may be present in different planes.

Incidentally, the same applies to the bending roller 14, which is intended only as a single bending roller. It may be provided in another embodiment of the invention that the drawn bending roller 14 opposite a further bending roller or even more bending rollers distributed on the circumference are assigned to the profile 5 to be bent.

Important in the figure 4 is that now at least the pair of rollers 17, but in the illustrated embodiment, the support roller pair 18, a corresponding feed force on the profile to be bent 5 can be assigned. Thus, in its simplest embodiment, the invention provides that the rolling roller pair 17 alone can be assigned a corresponding feed force via a corresponding feed drive 19. In an expanded embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, however, a corresponding feed force is also additionally assigned to the support roller pair 18 via a further feed drive 20.

This is done in such a way that on the vertical web plate 9 via a, im

Operating state fixed, sliding guide 32 a console 27 is attached. The console 27 can thus be delivered to the profile 5 via the sliding guide 32 for adjusting the distance between the roller pairs 17, 18. This is then fixed. On the console 27, the feed drives 19, 20 are now arranged, as seen in Fig. 3, which act on respective freely pivotable ends of associated levers 33, 36. This particular lever principle will be explained in more detail with reference to FIG 6.

In any case, it is important that the respective feed drive 19, 20 acts on the respective force application point 34, 35 at the free end of a respective lever 33, 36 and the lever in each case carries the rotation axis 37, 48 of a respective roller 17, 18.

According to FIG. 6, the respective lever 33, 36 is then mounted with an eccentric bearing 40 on the walls of the console 27, while the respective pivot bearing 37, 48 is in each case on the free pivotable end of the lever 33, 36.

There is therefore a pivoting movement in the arrow directions 47 exerted on the Zustellantrieb according to Figure 6, so that the lever rotates in its bearing 40 and due to the eccentric mounting of the axes of rotation 37, 48, the rollers 17, 18 in the direction of arrows 49 in the direction of the Profile on and off.

It can also be seen from FIG. 4 that the coordinate plate 10 assigned to the Z direction is displaceably mounted in a linear guide 24 on the web plate 9. For displacement, the drive 16 is used.

This consists of a pinion which meshes with a corresponding rack, which is part of the linear guide 24. The displacement guide in the Y direction of the coordinate plate 11 takes place here via a guide aligned in the horizontal direction, which consists essentially of spaced apart parallel juxtaposed guide rollers which roll on corresponding guide surfaces of mutually opposite and a mutual distance engaging guide rails 50.

In this case, the drive 26 acts on the coordinate plate 11 via pinion and rack.

The guide rollers 25 are mounted on the coordinate plate 10, the guide rails 50 on the coordinate plate 11th

On the coordinate plate 11, the rotary drive 13 for the turntable 12 is now attached. Their pivot bearing is thus arranged in the coordinate plate 11, and through the turntable 12 through which the profile to be bent is guided, wherein at least from one side to the profile to be bent, the bending roller 14 touches, which is rotatably mounted in a holder 15.

The holder 15 is fixedly attached to the turntable 12. Incidentally, the console 27 also shows a feed drive in the X direction. Here, first, the console 27 is connected via the connecting flange 28 fixed to the web plate 9.

In the longitudinal direction of the profile to be bent are two mutually parallel and mutually spaced consoles 27 (in Figure 4, only the one shown), which are connected together by a common base plate 29 below. In this bottom plate 29 now engages a guide carriage 30, which is associated with its own feed drive 31.

The guide carriage 30 carries the upper roller and the upper support rollers 17, 18. These can be delivered accordingly against the bending roller 14 in the X direction (longitudinal direction of the profile to be bent). In the drawing of FIGS. 4 and 5, there are therefore non-adjustable, passive lower rollers 17, 18 to the upper active rollers 17, 18, which are adjustable both in their feed movement to the profile and in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the profile.

However, the lower rollers 17, 18 can also - in a development of the invention - also be designed to be adjustable in the longitudinal direction of the profile. This is always an opposite and in the vertical direction aligned pairing of these pairs of rollers 17, 18 given.

The setting principle for generating the rolling force on the rolling roller pair or for generating a supporting force on the support roller pair, has already been explained in Figure 6 with the eccentric disc 39 described therein.

Thus, while the eccentric disc 39 is rotatably mounted in its eccentric bearing 40 to the guide posts 30, the associated feed drives 19, 20 are rotatably mounted on the brackets 27 arranged parallel to each other. This is shown schematically by small pivot points in FIG.

The support and rolling rollers 17, 18 are each held in a bearing shaft 38 which is rotatably mounted on the respective lever 33, 36.

In the embodiment of Figure 7 modified compared with Figures 4 and 5, another Zustellprinzip is used.

Here, a "passive ,, lower bracket 41 for supporting the lower rollers 17, 18 is provided and in contrast an actively driven console 42 is arranged. This console 42 is slidably held by a piston-cylinder arrangement with the cylinder 43 in a sliding guide 32 on the web plate 9, wherein the piston rod of the cylinder 43 acts via a plate 46 on a shoe 44, the axes of rotation 37, 38 for the Rolls 17, 18 receives. This Zustellprinzip is shown schematically in Figure 8. It can be seen that the axis of rotation 48 is firmly anchored to the one end of the shoe 44, while the opposite end of the shoe is pivotable in the direction of arrows 47.

The axis of rotation 48 is thus firmly connected to the console. The shoe 44 is thus formed pivotable about this axis 48.

At the free pivotable end of the shoe so that the axis of rotation 37 is received for the pair of rollers 17. Therefore, the upper roller 17 can be delivered in the arrow directions 47 with high force due to the force of the Zustellanordnung (cylinder 43 and bearing 45) against the profile to be bent.

Thus, both on the arrangement of Figure 6 and on the arrangement of Figure 8 because of the acting, relatively large leverage forces extremely high rolling forces exerted by the upper roller 17 on the roll to be bent profile.

It should be noted that each bend around the rollers. Depending on the bending direction, this can be done around the upper or the lower roller 17 or even laterally arranged at an angle thereto rolling rollers, which are not shown in the drawing.

As far as a corresponding support force is exerted on the support roller pairs 18 on the feed drives described, it is assumed that the mandrel shank tool 22 is in the area below and within the support roller pairs 18 to allow here a corresponding support action by supporting the profile from the inside , drawing Legend

1 bending head 30 26. Drive (Y)

2 bridge 27. console

3 mandrel station 28. Connecting flange

4 sliding carriages 29. Floor panel

5 Profile 30. Guide carriage

6 Guide 35 31. Feed drive

7 Cover 32. Sliding guide

8 Foundation plate 33. Lever

9 web plate 34. Point of attack

10. Coordinate plate (Z direction) 35.

11. Coordinate plate (Y-direction) 40 36. Lever

12. Turntable 37. rotation axis

13. Drive 38th bearing shaft

14. Bending roller 39th eccentric disc

15. Bracket (for 14) 40th eccentric bearing

16. Drive (for 10) 45 41. Console

17. Rolling roller pair 42. Console

18. Support roller pair 43. Cylinder

19. Zustellantrieb 44. shoe

20. Feed drive 45th bearing

21. Mandrel 50 46. Plate

22. mandrel shank tool 47. arrow direction

23. Drive belt 48. rotation axis

24. Linear guide 49. arrow direction

2 5. Guide roller 50. Guide rail

Claims

1. Bending machine with receiving, feeding and bending units for profiles and round tubes to be bent, characterized in that the bending head (1) of the bending machine essentially consists of the series arrangement of at least one support roller pair (18), at least one roller roller pair (17) adjoining it. and at least one adjoining bending roller (14), the bending roller (14) being arranged fixedly on a turntable (12), the center of rotation of which is aligned parallel to the longitudinal axis of the profile (5) to be bent, and in that the turntable (12) itself is part of a coordinate table that can be adjusted in at least two mutually perpendicular directions and that can be adjusted according to the bending requirements for the profile (5).

2. Bending machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the

The turntable (12) can be rotated in a circle without a stop by means of a drive (13).

3. Bending machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the coordinate table consists of two coordinate plates (10, 11) which are adjustable at right angles in one plane.

4. Bending machine according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the coordinate plates (10, 11) can be adjusted by means of displacement drives (16, 26).

5. Bending machine according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the pair of rollers (17) and / or the pair of support rollers (18) by means of feed drives (19, 20) in the direction of the profile (5) can be delivered or removed.