EP1258848A2 - Optical smoke detector - Google Patents

Optical smoke detector Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1258848A2
EP1258848A2 EP02009657A EP02009657A EP1258848A2 EP 1258848 A2 EP1258848 A2 EP 1258848A2 EP 02009657 A EP02009657 A EP 02009657A EP 02009657 A EP02009657 A EP 02009657A EP 1258848 A2 EP1258848 A2 EP 1258848A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
partition
smoke detector
measuring chamber
optical
detector according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP02009657A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1258848B1 (en
EP1258848A3 (en
Inventor
Gerhard Röpke
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Job Lizenz GmbH and Co KG
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Job Lizenz GmbH and Co KG
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Publication of EP1258848A2 publication Critical patent/EP1258848A2/en
Publication of EP1258848A3 publication Critical patent/EP1258848A3/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B3/00—Audible signalling systems; Audible personal calling systems
    • G08B3/10—Audible signalling systems; Audible personal calling systems using electric transmission; using electromagnetic transmission
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
    • G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
    • G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
    • G08B17/11—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using an ionisation chamber for detecting smoke or gas
    • G08B17/113—Constructional details

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an optical smoke detector according to claim 1.
  • Optical smoke detectors are known in a wide variety of embodiments. It is usually located in a measuring chamber into which ambient air penetrates can, but if possible hardly any outside light, an optical measuring section that determines when smoke enters the route. Such detectors with a variety of other detectors connected to a system, these are usually connected to one Control center in connection, which gives an alarm when a detector that presence of smoke. In many cases, however, it is also desirable to use the Detector to couple an acoustic alarm immediately. Such combinations have already become known. Below are some well-known examples discussed in the accompanying drawings according to Figures 2-4 are shown schematically.
  • the detector shown in FIG. 2 has become known from DE GM 82 10 633.
  • the Device consists essentially of a round housing 1, the one end 14 towards a smoke chamber 2 and towards the other end a sound chamber 4 having.
  • a partition runs between the smoke chamber 2 and the sound chamber 4 5.
  • the oppositely arranged are together as Light barrier acting and arranged on the cylindrical housing inner wall 16 light-optical elements 7, 8 housed.
  • the smoke can pass through the center of the detector openings 6 delimiting the smoke chamber 2 end wall 14 enter to reach the measuring light beam and to attenuate its intensity. at The presence of a certain amount of smoke becomes that of the neighboring one Sound chamber 4 controlled on the front side 15 attached sound generator 3.
  • the Sounders 3 designed as loudspeakers also act as feed pumps for the smoke.
  • the diaphragm of the sounder is first placed on a low vibration frequency limited.
  • the partition 5 contains the partition 5 a plurality of air passage openings 10 with one-way or Check valves so that air from the sound chamber 4 into the smoke chamber 2 can flow.
  • the end face 15 of the sound chamber 4 also contains the same Purpose openings 9.
  • Such a smoke detector with sounder has several disadvantages. Usually a smoke detector must be attached to the ceiling, and for all radial ones Flow directions must have good responsiveness.
  • Speakers do not meet the vulnerability requirements the mechanical components, their size and, above all, the required high energy in the event of an alarm, since this type of fire detector usually has a Battery operated.
  • the known fire detector 19 shown in FIG. 3 is attached to a ceiling 20 and consists of a base 21 and an insert 22.
  • the housing 23 of the detector is a relatively small optical measuring chamber on a circuit board 24 25 attached off-center in the signaling housing 23. It is also off-center a sound generator 29 is arranged, which contains a piezo disk 29.
  • a cylindrical extension 27 is arranged on the end face 26 the piezo disk 29 rests. From an opening 28 in the end face 26 The sound leaves the housing essentially parallel to the axis.
  • the known construction takes into account the attachment of the smoke detector to the ceiling, but has disadvantages in smoke detection and sound propagation.
  • a uniform penetration of the smoke into the measuring chamber 25 from all sides is hindered by the inlet openings lying on its circumference by the sound generator 29 and the attachment 27.
  • the measuring chamber 25 only achieves an insufficient sensitivity.
  • the sound is also mainly directed at the floor below the detector. With a protected area of up to 120m 2 to be monitored, a smoke detector is expected to be able to hear the warning tone in neighboring rooms in the event of an alarm.
  • the smoke detector with sound generator shown in Fig. 4 is with the help of an installation base 32 attached to the ceiling 20.
  • the fire detector 31 has via an interchangeable detector insert 33.
  • In its housing 34 is centered on Axis the measuring chamber attached to the board 36.
  • the smoke can pass through Openings 37 in the cylindrical part of the housing 34 enter the measuring chamber 35.
  • Staggered and partly below the measuring chamber 35 is above the board 36
  • Sounder 38 in the area of a larger diameter shoulder of the housing 34 arranged.
  • This well-known smoke detector fulfills the requirements for smoke detection, is disadvantageous in terms of sound propagation. So it bounces off the piezo disk of the sounder 38 generated sound partially against the bottom the measuring chamber 35 and is thereby passed into the detector interior, from which it cannot escape into the detector environment. This results in a volume reduction on.
  • Another disadvantage is the strong directional radiation of the Alarm tones through the openings 39 only in front of the sounder and the Shading of the alarm tone by the cylindrical surrounding the measuring chamber 35 Part of the housing 34.
  • FIG. 4 An alternative is indicated in FIG. 4 with a dash-dotted line.
  • a Sounder 40 arranged above the board 36. The sound first passes through hole 41 present in the board 36, in order to subsequently open the way to the outside to take over case openings.
  • the invention has for its object to provide an optical smoke detector To create sounder that has a good acoustic effect, nevertheless in No loss of smoke detection.
  • the Housing shape of the smoke detector be visually appealing.
  • a lower one is over the width of the detector housing measuring chamber from a room above the partition, which in turn is separated by the one containing the electronic circuit Circuit board is divided, which is at a distance from the partition.
  • the sound generator is arranged on the partition, preferably in the middle above a hole in the partition.
  • the sounder is preferably one Piezo disk formed, which is preferably on a cylindrical neck on the Partition is supported. The opening is therefore in front of the antinode Piezodisc. The sound generated by the sound generator first passes axially through the Opening in the partition and is deflected in the measuring chamber and leaves under multiple reflections in the measuring chamber, these through side openings.
  • the Openings are preferably over the entire circumference of the detector housing, preferably evenly spaced. This can make an even radial radiation into the room in which the detector is located on the ceiling, occur.
  • the measuring chamber is preferably a resonance chamber, whereby the Sound effect of the sounder is significantly amplified.
  • the sound detector is in the detector in this way integrated that there is a good acoustic effect, yet a functional one and visually appealing symmetrical housing shape as well as an optimal construction the measuring chamber is made possible.
  • the placement or attachment of the Sound generator is vibration-resistant, space-saving and provides an even Radiation of the sound safely. Due to the essentially radial to the reporting axis Sound radiation is a far-reaching, oriented spread reached.
  • a smoke detector is generally designated 51. He assigns one to the Ceiling 20 attached installation base 52 and a detector insert 53.
  • the detector insert consists of a bowl-like lower part 65 and a cap-like one Cover 64.
  • the lower part 65 that like the cover 64 made of plastic material is formed, forms the outer part of the detector 51.
  • the parts mentioned are by the way circular at the circumference.
  • a measuring chamber 54 which is approximately the same height, essentially unhindered extends across the width of the detector 51, upwards by a horizontal Partition 55 limited and down by a horizontal wall 61 of the Measuring chamber housing 62.
  • the partition 55 is supported on the edge of the measuring chamber housing via webs 63, which form openings between them that extend over the circumference of the detector 51 are evenly distributed.
  • From the partition 54 are hollow and lugs 56 open on one side and projecting to the rear.
  • You take optical Elements 59, 60 which are connected to a circuit board 58.
  • the board stretches within the cover 64 approximately parallel to the partition 55 and at a distance to this.
  • the measuring chamber 62 is otherwise embedded in the shell-like lower part 65.
  • the shell-like lower part has ribs running at a distance along the circumference 66, which coincide with the openings formed by the support webs 63, to the entry of ambient air into the measuring chamber 54 and thus also from To allow smoke.
  • the webs 63 are specially designed so that no light comes out the environment can enter the measuring chamber 54.
  • Is in the middle of the partition 55 formed an opening 69, and a hollow cylindrical extension 68 on the partition 55, which extends to the board 58, carries a piezo disk 67. The through the Wavy line indicated sound is generated by the piezo disk 67, the first passes through the opening 69 and is passed into the measuring chamber 54.
  • the insert formed from parts 64 and 65 can be made in any known manner and be releasably attached to the base 52.

Abstract

An optical smoke detector has a housing which can be mounted on the ceiling (20) of a room, a measurement chamber (54) between a lower, approximately horizontal housing wall (61), and a partitioning wall (55) which has an optical measurement path and lateral openings for entry of ambient air. A circuit board (58) is arranged spaced from, and above the partitioning wall (55) and contains, besides an electronic circuit, the optical elements (59,60) for the measurement path. A central opening (69) is provided in the partitioning wall (55) and a sound source (67) is joined via conduction lines to the circuit board (58).

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen optischen Rauchmelder nach Anspruch 1.The invention relates to an optical smoke detector according to claim 1.

Optische Rauchmelder sind in den verschiedensten Ausführungsformen bekannt. Üblicherweise befindet sich in einer Meßkammer, in die Umgebungsluft eindringen kann, jedoch nach Möglichkeit kaum Außenlicht, eine optische Meßstrecke, die feststellt, wenn in die Strecke Rauch eindringt. Werden derartige Melder mit einer Vielzahl von weiteren Meldern zu einer Anlage verbunden, sind diese meist mit einer Zentrale in Verbindung, welche einen Alarm abgibt, wenn ein Melder daß Vorhandensein von Rauch feststellt. In vielen Fällen ist jedoch auch erwünscht, mit dem Melder unmittelbar einen akustischen Alarmgeber zu koppeln. Derartige Kombinationen sind bereits bekannt geworden. Nachfolgend sollen einige bekannte Beispiele diskutiert werden, die in beiliegenden Zeichnungen gemäß den Figuren 2 bis 4 schematisch wiedergegeben sind.Optical smoke detectors are known in a wide variety of embodiments. It is usually located in a measuring chamber into which ambient air penetrates can, but if possible hardly any outside light, an optical measuring section that determines when smoke enters the route. Such detectors with a variety of other detectors connected to a system, these are usually connected to one Control center in connection, which gives an alarm when a detector that presence of smoke. In many cases, however, it is also desirable to use the Detector to couple an acoustic alarm immediately. Such combinations have already become known. Below are some well-known examples discussed in the accompanying drawings according to Figures 2-4 are shown schematically.

Aus DE GM 82 10 633 ist der in Fig. 2 dargestellte Melder bekannt geworden. Das Gerät besteht im wesentlichen aus einem runden Gehäuse 1, das zur einen Stirnseite 14 hin eine Rauchkammer 2 und zur anderen Stirnseite hin eine Schallkammer 4 aufweist. Zwischen Rauchkammer 2 und Schallkammer 4 verläuft eine Trennwand 5. In der Rauchkammer 2 sind die gegenüberliegend angeordneten gemeinsam als Lichtschranke wirkenden und an der zylindrischen Gehäuseinnenwand 16 angeordneten lichtoptischen Elemente 7, 8 untergebracht. Der Rauch kann durch in der Meldermitte die Rauchkammer 2 begrenzenden Stirnwand 14 vorhandenen Öffnungen 6 eintreten, um den Meßlichtstrahl zu erreichen und dessen Intensität zu dämpfen. Bei Vorhandensein einer bestimmten Rauchmenge wird der bei der benachbarten Schallkammer 4 an deren Stirnseite 15 angebrachte Schallgeber 3 angesteuert. Der als Lautsprecher ausgebildete Schallgeber 3 wirkt gleichzeitig als Förderpumpe für den Rauch. Zu diesem Zweck wird die Membran des Schallgebers zunächst auf eine niedrige Schwingungsfrequenz begrenzt. Um die Pumpwirkung zu unterstützen, enthält die Trennwand 5 mehrere Luftdurchlaßöffnungen 10 mit Einweg- oder Rückschlagventilen, so daß Luft aus der Schallkammer 4 in die Rauchkammer 2 strömen kann. Die Stirnseite 15 der Schallkammer 4 enthält ebenfalls dem gleichen Zweck dienende Öffnungen 9.The detector shown in FIG. 2 has become known from DE GM 82 10 633. The Device consists essentially of a round housing 1, the one end 14 towards a smoke chamber 2 and towards the other end a sound chamber 4 having. A partition runs between the smoke chamber 2 and the sound chamber 4 5. In the smoke chamber 2, the oppositely arranged are together as Light barrier acting and arranged on the cylindrical housing inner wall 16 light-optical elements 7, 8 housed. The smoke can pass through the center of the detector openings 6 delimiting the smoke chamber 2 end wall 14 enter to reach the measuring light beam and to attenuate its intensity. at The presence of a certain amount of smoke becomes that of the neighboring one Sound chamber 4 controlled on the front side 15 attached sound generator 3. The Sounders 3 designed as loudspeakers also act as feed pumps for the smoke. For this purpose, the diaphragm of the sounder is first placed on a low vibration frequency limited. To support the pumping action, contains the partition 5 a plurality of air passage openings 10 with one-way or Check valves so that air from the sound chamber 4 into the smoke chamber 2 can flow. The end face 15 of the sound chamber 4 also contains the same Purpose openings 9.

Ein derartiger Rauchmelder mit Schallgeber weist mehrere Nachteile auf. Üblicherweise ist ein Rauchmelder an der Raumdecke zu befestigen, und für alle radialen Anströmungsrichtungen muß eine gute Ansprechempfindlichkeit vorhanden sein. Der an der einen Stirnseite 14 angeordnete Raucheintritt 6 und der an der anderen Stirnseite 15 angebrachte Schallgeber 3 sehen dies jedoch nicht vor. Des weiteren erfüllen Lautsprecher nicht die gestellten Anforderungen im Hinblick auf die Anfälligkeit der mechanischen Bauteile, ihrer Baugröße und vor allen Dingen der erforderlichen hohen Energie im Alarmfall, da diese Art Brandmelder zumeist mit einer Batterie betrieben sind.Such a smoke detector with sounder has several disadvantages. Usually a smoke detector must be attached to the ceiling, and for all radial ones Flow directions must have good responsiveness. The smoke inlet 6 arranged on one end face 14 and that on the other However, the front end 15 of the sounder 3 does not provide this. Furthermore Speakers do not meet the vulnerability requirements the mechanical components, their size and, above all, the required high energy in the event of an alarm, since this type of fire detector usually has a Battery operated.

Der in Fig. 3 dargestellte bekannte Brandmelder 19 ist an einer Raumdecke 20 befestigt und besteht aus einem Sockel 21 und einem Einsatz 22. In dem geteilten Gehäuse 23 des Melders ist auf einer Platine 24 eine relativ kleine optische Meßkammer 25 außermittig im Meldegehäuse 23 angebracht. Ebenfalls außermittig ist ein Schallgeber 29 angeordnet, der eine Piezo-Scheibe 29 enthält. Innerhalb des Meldergehäuses 23 ist ein zylinderförmiger Ansatz 27 angeordnet, auf dessen Stirnfläche 26 die Piezo-Scheibe 29 ruht. Aus einer Öffnung 28 in der Stirnfläche 26 verläßt der Schall das Gehäuse im wesentlichen parallel zur Achse.The known fire detector 19 shown in FIG. 3 is attached to a ceiling 20 and consists of a base 21 and an insert 22. In the divided The housing 23 of the detector is a relatively small optical measuring chamber on a circuit board 24 25 attached off-center in the signaling housing 23. It is also off-center a sound generator 29 is arranged, which contains a piezo disk 29. Within the Detector housing 23, a cylindrical extension 27 is arranged on the end face 26 the piezo disk 29 rests. From an opening 28 in the end face 26 The sound leaves the housing essentially parallel to the axis.

Die bekannte Konstruktion berücksichtigt zwar die Anbringung des Rauchmelders an der Raumdecke, weist jedoch Nachteile bei der Rauchdetektion und der Schallausbreitung auf. Es wird ein von allen Seiten gleichmäßiges Eindringen des Rauches in die Meßkammer 25 durch die an deren Umfang liegenden Eintrittsöffnungen durch den Schallgeber 29 und den Ansatz 27 behindert. Des weiteren wird durch die Meßkammer 25 aufgrund ihrer geringen Abmessungen und den damit für die Erzeugung des Meßwertes maßgeblichen kleineren Streuvolumens nur eine unzureichende Sensibilität erreicht. Auch wird der Schall hauptsächlich auf den sich unterhalb des Melders befindlichen Fußboden gerichtet. Von einem Rauchmelder wird bei einer zu überwachenden Schutzfläche bis 120m2 jedoch erwartet, daß im Alarmfall der Warnton in benachbarten Räumen gehört werden kann.The known construction takes into account the attachment of the smoke detector to the ceiling, but has disadvantages in smoke detection and sound propagation. A uniform penetration of the smoke into the measuring chamber 25 from all sides is hindered by the inlet openings lying on its circumference by the sound generator 29 and the attachment 27. Furthermore, due to its small dimensions and the smaller scatter volume that is decisive for the generation of the measured value, the measuring chamber 25 only achieves an insufficient sensitivity. The sound is also mainly directed at the floor below the detector. With a protected area of up to 120m 2 to be monitored, a smoke detector is expected to be able to hear the warning tone in neighboring rooms in the event of an alarm.

Der in Fig. 4 dargestellte Rauchmelder mit Schallgeber wird mit Hilfe eines Installationssockels 32 an der Raumdecke 20 angebracht. Der Brandmelder 31 verfügt über einen austauschbaren Meldereinsatz 33. In seinem Gehäuse 34 ist zentrisch zur Achse die Meßkammer an der Platine 36 angebracht. Der Rauch kann durch Öffnungen 37 im zylindrischen Teil des Gehäuses 34 in die Meßkammer 35 eintreten. Versetzt und teils unterhalb der Meßkammer 35 ist oberhalb der Platine 36 ein Schallgeber 38 im Bereich eines im Durchmesser größeren Absatzes des Gehäuses 34 angeordnet. Der Schall tritt durch seitliche Öffnungen 39 des Gehäuses 34 aus.The smoke detector with sound generator shown in Fig. 4 is with the help of an installation base 32 attached to the ceiling 20. The fire detector 31 has via an interchangeable detector insert 33. In its housing 34 is centered on Axis the measuring chamber attached to the board 36. The smoke can pass through Openings 37 in the cylindrical part of the housing 34 enter the measuring chamber 35. Staggered and partly below the measuring chamber 35 is above the board 36 Sounder 38 in the area of a larger diameter shoulder of the housing 34 arranged. The sound exits through side openings 39 in the housing 34.

Dieser bekannte Rauchmelder erfüllt zwar die Anforderungen an die Rauchdetektion, ist jedoch im Hinblick auf die Schallausbreitung nachteilig. So prallt der von der Piezoscheibe des Schallgebers 38 erzeugte Schall teilweise gegen die Unterseite der Meßkammer 35 und wird dadurch in den Melderinnenraum geleitet, von dem er nicht in die Melderumgebung austreten kann. Dadurch tritt eine Lautstärkenreduzierung ein. Ebenfalls nachteilig ist die starke richtungsabhängige Abstrahlung des Alarmtons durch die nur vor dem Schallgeber vorhandenen Öffnungen 39 und die Abschattung des Alarmtons durch den die Meßkammer 35 umgebenden zylindrischen Teil des Gehäuses 34. This well-known smoke detector fulfills the requirements for smoke detection, is disadvantageous in terms of sound propagation. So it bounces off the piezo disk of the sounder 38 generated sound partially against the bottom the measuring chamber 35 and is thereby passed into the detector interior, from which it cannot escape into the detector environment. This results in a volume reduction on. Another disadvantage is the strong directional radiation of the Alarm tones through the openings 39 only in front of the sounder and the Shading of the alarm tone by the cylindrical surrounding the measuring chamber 35 Part of the housing 34.

In Fig. 4 ist mit strichpunktierter Linie eine Alternative angedeutet. Hierbei ist ein Schallgeber 40 oberhalb der Platine 36 angeordnet. Der Schall passiert zunächst ein in der Platine 36 vorhandenes Loch 41, um anschließend den Weg in das Äußere über Gehäuseöffnungen zu nehmen.An alternative is indicated in FIG. 4 with a dash-dotted line. Here is a Sounder 40 arranged above the board 36. The sound first passes through hole 41 present in the board 36, in order to subsequently open the way to the outside to take over case openings.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen optischen Rauchmelder mit Schallgeber zu schaffen, der eine gute akustische Wirkung aufweist, gleichwohl im Hinblick auf die Rauchdetektion keine Einbuße erleidet. Außerdem soll die Gehäuseform des Rauchmelders optisch ansprechend sein.The invention has for its object to provide an optical smoke detector To create sounder that has a good acoustic effect, nevertheless in No loss of smoke detection. In addition, the Housing shape of the smoke detector be visually appealing.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 gelöst.This object is solved by the features of claim 1.

Durch eine annähernd horizontal verlaufende Trennwand ist eine untere, sich über die Breite des Meldergehäuses erstreckende Meßkammer von einem Raum oberhalb der Trennwand getrennt, der seinerseits durch die die elektronische Schaltung enthaltende Platine unterteilt ist, die im Abstand zur Trennwand liegt. In diesem Raum ist auf der Trennwand der Schallgeber angeordnet, vorzugsweise in der Mitte oberhalb eines Loches in der Trennwand. Der Schallgeber wird vorzugsweise von einer Piezoscheibe gebildet, die vorzugsweise auf einem zylindrischen Ansatz auf der Trennwand abgestützt ist. Die Öffnung liegt somit vor dem Schwingungsbauch der Piezoscheibe. Der von dem Schallgeber erzeugte Schall tritt zunächst axial durch die Öffnung in der Trennwand und wird in der Meßkammer umgelenkt und verläßt unter Mehrfachreflexionen in der Meßkammer diese durch seitliche Öffnungen. Die Öffnungen sind vorzugsweise über den gesamten Umfang des Meldergehäuses, vorzugsweise in gleichmäßigem Abstand, angeordnet. Dadurch kann eine gleichmäßige radiale Abstrahlung in den Raum, in dem sich der Melder an der Decke befindet, stattfinden. Die Meßkammer ist vorzugsweise ein Resonanzraum, wodurch die Schallwirkung des Schallgebers eine deutliche Verstärkung erfährt.Due to an approximately horizontal dividing wall, a lower one is over the width of the detector housing measuring chamber from a room above the partition, which in turn is separated by the one containing the electronic circuit Circuit board is divided, which is at a distance from the partition. In this room the sound generator is arranged on the partition, preferably in the middle above a hole in the partition. The sounder is preferably one Piezo disk formed, which is preferably on a cylindrical neck on the Partition is supported. The opening is therefore in front of the antinode Piezodisc. The sound generated by the sound generator first passes axially through the Opening in the partition and is deflected in the measuring chamber and leaves under multiple reflections in the measuring chamber, these through side openings. The Openings are preferably over the entire circumference of the detector housing, preferably evenly spaced. This can make an even radial radiation into the room in which the detector is located on the ceiling, occur. The measuring chamber is preferably a resonance chamber, whereby the Sound effect of the sounder is significantly amplified.

Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Rauchmelder ist der Schallmelder derart im Melder integriert, daß eine gute akustische Wirkung eintritt, gleichwohl eine funktionelle und optisch ansprechende symmetrische Gehäuseform sowie eine optimale Konstruktion der Meßkammer ermöglicht ist. Die Unterbringung bzw. Anbringung des Schallgebers ist schwingungssteif, raumsparend und stellt eine gleichmäßige Abstrahlung des Schalls sicher. Durch die im wesentlich radial zur Meldeachse erfolgende Schallabstrahlung wird eine weittragende ausgerichtete Ausbreitung erreicht.In the smoke detector according to the invention, the sound detector is in the detector in this way integrated that there is a good acoustic effect, yet a functional one and visually appealing symmetrical housing shape as well as an optimal construction the measuring chamber is made possible. The placement or attachment of the Sound generator is vibration-resistant, space-saving and provides an even Radiation of the sound safely. Due to the essentially radial to the reporting axis Sound radiation is a far-reaching, oriented spread reached.

Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen des Anspruchs 1 finden sich in Unteransprüchen.Advantageous developments of claim 1 can be found in the subclaims.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand einer Zeichnung näher erläutert.

Fig. 1
zeigt einen Schnitt durch einen schematisch dargestellten Rauchmelder nach der Erfindung.
Fig. 2 bis 4
zeigen schematisch Rauchmelder nach dem Stand der Technik.
The invention is explained in more detail with reference to a drawing.
Fig. 1
shows a section through a schematically illustrated smoke detector according to the invention.
2 to 4
schematically show smoke detectors according to the prior art.

Die Rauchmelder nach dem Stand der Technik wurden weiter oben bereits erläutert. Hierauf wird nachfolgend nicht mehr eingegangen.The smoke detectors according to the prior art have already been explained above. This will not be dealt with in the following.

In Fig. 1 is ein Rauchmelder insgesamt mit 51 bezeichnet. Er weist einen an der Raumdecke 20 befestigten Installationssockel 52 und einen Meldereinsatz 53 auf. Der Meldereinsatz besteht aus einem schalenartigen Unterteil 65 und einem kappenartigen Deckel 64. Das Unterteil 65, daß ebenso wie der Deckel 64 aus Kunststoffmaterial geformt ist, bildet den Außenteil des Melders 51. Die genannten Teile sind nebenbei am Umfang kreisförmig.In Fig. 1, a smoke detector is generally designated 51. He assigns one to the Ceiling 20 attached installation base 52 and a detector insert 53. The detector insert consists of a bowl-like lower part 65 and a cap-like one Cover 64. The lower part 65, that like the cover 64 made of plastic material is formed, forms the outer part of the detector 51. The parts mentioned are by the way circular at the circumference.

Eine Meßkammer 54, die sich mit annähernd gleicher Höhe, im wesentlichen ungehindert über die Breite des Melders 51 erstreckt, wird nach oben durch eine horizontale Trennwand 55 begrenzt und nach unten durch eine horizontale Wand 61 des Meßkammergehäuses 62. Die Trennwand 55 stützt sich am Rand am Meßkammergehäuse über Stege 63 ab, die zwischen sich Öffnungen bilden, die über den Umfang des Melders 51 gleichmäßig verteilt sind. Aus der Trennwand 54 sind hohle und einseitig geöffnete, nach hinten ragende Ansätze 56 gebildet. Sie nehmen optische Elemente 59, 60 auf, die mit einer Platine 58 verbunden sind. Die Platine erstreckt sich innerhalb des Deckels 64 annähernd parallel zur Trennwand 55 und im Abstand zu dieser. Die Meßkammer 62 ist im übrigen in das schalenartige Unterteil 65 eingebettet. Das schalenartige Unterteil weist im Abstand am Umfang verlaufende Rippen 66 auf, die mit den von den Stützstegen 63 gebildeten Öffnungen koinzidieren, um den Eintritt von Umgebungsluft in die Meßkammer 54 und damit auch von Rauch zu ermöglichen. Die Stege 63 sind speziell ausgebildet, damit kein Licht aus der Umgebung in die Meßkammer 54 eintreten kann. Mittig in der Trennwand 55 ist eine Öffnung 69 geformt, und ein hohlzylindrischer Ansatz 68 auf der Trennwand 55, der sich zur Platine 58 hin erstreckt, trägt eine Piezoscheibe 67. Der durch die Wellenlinie angedeutete Schall wird durch die Piezoscheibe 67 erzeugt, der zunächst durch die Öffnung 69 tritt und in die Meßkammer 54 geleitet wird. Dort trifft der Schall auf die Innenseite der Meßkammerwand 61, um anschließend durch Mehrfachreflexion zwischen der Trennwand 55 und der Außenwand 61 des Gehäuses zu den Rippen 63 gelenkt zu werden. Dort tritt der Schall durch die Öffnungen im wesentlich radial in alle Richtung mit annähernd gleicher Lautstärke aus. A measuring chamber 54, which is approximately the same height, essentially unhindered extends across the width of the detector 51, upwards by a horizontal Partition 55 limited and down by a horizontal wall 61 of the Measuring chamber housing 62. The partition 55 is supported on the edge of the measuring chamber housing via webs 63, which form openings between them that extend over the circumference of the detector 51 are evenly distributed. From the partition 54 are hollow and lugs 56 open on one side and projecting to the rear. You take optical Elements 59, 60, which are connected to a circuit board 58. The board stretches within the cover 64 approximately parallel to the partition 55 and at a distance to this. The measuring chamber 62 is otherwise embedded in the shell-like lower part 65. The shell-like lower part has ribs running at a distance along the circumference 66, which coincide with the openings formed by the support webs 63, to the entry of ambient air into the measuring chamber 54 and thus also from To allow smoke. The webs 63 are specially designed so that no light comes out the environment can enter the measuring chamber 54. Is in the middle of the partition 55 formed an opening 69, and a hollow cylindrical extension 68 on the partition 55, which extends to the board 58, carries a piezo disk 67. The through the Wavy line indicated sound is generated by the piezo disk 67, the first passes through the opening 69 and is passed into the measuring chamber 54. There he meets Sound on the inside of the measuring chamber wall 61, in order to then by multiple reflection between the partition 55 and the outer wall 61 of the housing the ribs 63 to be steered. There the sound passes through the openings in the substantially radially in all directions with approximately the same volume.

Der aus den Teilen 64 und 65 gebildete Einsatz kann in irgendeiner bekannten Art und Weise lösbar am Sockel 52 angebracht werden.The insert formed from parts 64 and 65 can be made in any known manner and be releasably attached to the base 52.

Claims (7)

Optischer Rauchmelder mit einem Gehäuse, das über geeignete Mittel an der Decke (20) eines Raums anbringbar ist, einer Meßkammer (54) zwischen einer unteren annähernd horizontalen Gehäusewand (61) und einer im Abstand und parallel zur unteren Gehäusewand (61) verlaufenden Trennwand (55), die einen optischen Meßpfad und seitliche Öffnungen für den Eintritt von Umgebungsluft aufweist, einer parallel und im Abstand zur und oberhalb der Trennwand (55) angeordnete Schaltplatine (58), die neben einer elektronischen Schaltungsanordnung die optischen Elemente (59, 60) für den Meßpfad hält, deren Halterungen sich durch Öffnungen in der Trennwand (55) erstrecken, einer vorzugsweise mittigen Öffnung (69) in der Trennwand (55) und einem oberhalb der Trennwand (55) angeordneten Schallgeber (67), der über Leitungen mit der Platine (58) verbunden ist. Optical smoke detector with a housing which can be attached to the ceiling (20) of a room by suitable means, a measuring chamber (54) between a lower approximately horizontal housing wall (61) and a partition wall (55) running at a distance and parallel to the lower housing wall (61), which has an optical measuring path and lateral openings for the entry of ambient air, a circuit board (58) arranged parallel and at a distance to and above the partition (55), which, in addition to an electronic circuit arrangement, holds the optical elements (59, 60) for the measuring path, the holders of which extend through openings in the partition (55), a preferably central opening (69) in the partition (55) and a sound generator (67) arranged above the partition (55) and connected to the circuit board (58) via lines. Optischer Rauchmelder nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Schallgeber (67) von einer Piezokristall-Scheibe gebildet ist, die auf einem hohlzylindrischen Ansatz (68) auf der Trennwand (55) angebracht ist, der sich annähernd koaxial zur Öffnung (69) in Richtung Platine (58) erstreckt.Optical smoke detector according to claim 1, characterized in that the sound transmitter (67) is formed by a piezo crystal disk which is attached to a hollow cylindrical extension (68) on the partition (55) which is approximately coaxial with the opening (69) in Extends towards the board (58). Optischer Rauchmelder nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Meßkammer (54) als Resonanzraum ausgebildet ist. Optical smoke detector according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the measuring chamber (54) is designed as a resonance chamber. Optischer Rauchmelder nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die seitlichen Öffnungen der Meßkammer (54) über den Umfang der Meßkammer (54) annähernd gleichmäßig verteilt sind.Optical smoke detector according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the lateral openings of the measuring chamber (54) are distributed approximately uniformly over the circumference of the measuring chamber (54). Optischer Rauchmelder nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Trennwand (55) sich über Stege (63) am Umfang der Meßkammer (54), die die seitlichen Öffnungen begrenzen, auf der Meßkammerwand (61) abstützt.Optical smoke detector according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the partition (55) is supported on the measuring chamber wall (61) via webs (63) on the circumference of the measuring chamber (54) which delimit the lateral openings. Optischer Rauchmelder nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die optischen Elemente in hohlen Ansätzen (56, 57) der Trennwand (55) angeordnet sind, die seitliche eine Öffnung aufweisen.Optical smoke detector according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the optical elements are arranged in hollow projections (56, 57) of the partition (55) which have an opening on the side. Optischer Rauchmelder nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Trennwand (55) und Meßkammerwand (61) in einem schalenartigen Unterteil (65) aus Kunststoff angeordnet sind, das mittels eines kappenartigen Deckels (64) abgedeckt und Unterteil (65) und Deckel (64) einen Einsatz bilden, der an einem an der Decke (20) des Raums befestigten Sockel (52) lösbar anbringbar ist.Optical smoke detector according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the partition (55) and measuring chamber wall (61) are arranged in a shell-like lower part (65) made of plastic, which is covered by a cap-like cover (64) and lower part (65) and Cover (64) form an insert which can be detachably attached to a base (52) attached to the ceiling (20) of the room.
EP02009657A 2001-05-19 2002-04-29 Optical smoke detector Expired - Lifetime EP1258848B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE20108451U 2001-05-19
DE20108451U DE20108451U1 (en) 2001-05-19 2001-05-19 Optical smoke detector

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EP1258848A3 EP1258848A3 (en) 2003-05-21
EP1258848B1 EP1258848B1 (en) 2009-09-02

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EP1683124A1 (en) * 2003-08-20 2006-07-26 Clipsal Australia Pty Ltd. A compact smoke alarm
EP2804159A1 (en) * 2013-05-17 2014-11-19 Hager Security Electronic device provided with a sound-emitting means
US9970912B2 (en) 2012-09-27 2018-05-15 Utc Fire & Security Americas Corporation, Inc. Modular smoke detection system
WO2019234376A1 (en) * 2018-06-05 2019-12-12 Electronic Modular Services Ltd. Smoke chamber as audio chamber in audible alarm devices

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DE102008015043A1 (en) * 2008-03-19 2009-09-24 Ista International Gmbh Smoke detectors
DE102015004458B4 (en) 2014-06-26 2016-05-12 Elmos Semiconductor Aktiengesellschaft Apparatus and method for a classifying, smokeless air condition sensor for predicting a following operating condition
DE102014019172B4 (en) 2014-12-17 2023-12-07 Elmos Semiconductor Se Device and method for distinguishing between solid objects, cooking fumes and smoke using a compensating optical measuring system
DE102014019773B4 (en) 2014-12-17 2023-12-07 Elmos Semiconductor Se Device and method for distinguishing between solid objects, cooking fumes and smoke using the display of a mobile telephone

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EP1683124A1 (en) * 2003-08-20 2006-07-26 Clipsal Australia Pty Ltd. A compact smoke alarm
EP1683124A4 (en) * 2003-08-20 2008-01-23 Clipsal Australia Pty Ltd A compact smoke alarm
GB2421620A (en) * 2004-12-23 2006-06-28 Kieron T N Chapman Fire alarm sounder
US9970912B2 (en) 2012-09-27 2018-05-15 Utc Fire & Security Americas Corporation, Inc. Modular smoke detection system
EP2804159A1 (en) * 2013-05-17 2014-11-19 Hager Security Electronic device provided with a sound-emitting means
FR3005772A1 (en) * 2013-05-17 2014-11-21 Hager Security ELECTRONIC DEVICE PROVIDED WITH A SOUND TRANSMITTING MEANS
WO2019234376A1 (en) * 2018-06-05 2019-12-12 Electronic Modular Services Ltd. Smoke chamber as audio chamber in audible alarm devices

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1258848B1 (en) 2009-09-02
EP1258848A3 (en) 2003-05-21
DE50213808D1 (en) 2009-10-15
DE20108451U1 (en) 2002-10-02
ATE441911T1 (en) 2009-09-15

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