EP1111565A1 - Communication system for a building - Google Patents

Communication system for a building Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1111565A1
EP1111565A1 EP99125784A EP99125784A EP1111565A1 EP 1111565 A1 EP1111565 A1 EP 1111565A1 EP 99125784 A EP99125784 A EP 99125784A EP 99125784 A EP99125784 A EP 99125784A EP 1111565 A1 EP1111565 A1 EP 1111565A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
communication system
building
microphones
radio
communication
Prior art date
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Granted
Application number
EP99125784A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1111565B1 (en
Inventor
Otto Meier
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Siemens Building Technologies AG
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Siemens Building Technologies AG
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Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Building Technologies AG filed Critical Siemens Building Technologies AG
Priority to DE59910356T priority Critical patent/DE59910356D1/en
Priority to EP99125784A priority patent/EP1111565B1/en
Priority to AT99125784T priority patent/ATE274734T1/en
Priority to NO20006570A priority patent/NO20006570L/en
Priority to CN00136456.1A priority patent/CN1201556C/en
Publication of EP1111565A1 publication Critical patent/EP1111565A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1111565B1 publication Critical patent/EP1111565B1/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B25/00—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems
    • G08B25/01—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems characterised by the transmission medium
    • G08B25/10—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems characterised by the transmission medium using wireless transmission systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B25/00—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems
    • G08B25/01—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems characterised by the transmission medium
    • G08B25/014—Alarm signalling to a central station with two-way communication, e.g. with signalling back

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a communication system for a building, which is a wired Danger control system with a control center and connected to it via cables Has peripheral devices.
  • a fire alarm system of this type can be used, for example, with a fire alarm system fire detectors distributed throughout the building, connected to the control center via a bus or an electro-acoustic emergency warning system with loudspeakers distributed throughout the building to announce evacuation information.
  • a fire alarm system fire detectors distributed throughout the building
  • an electro-acoustic emergency warning system with loudspeakers distributed throughout the building to announce evacuation information.
  • a "fire brigade telephone” can be separated from it be provided, through which the firefighters on site with the head of operations in the Headquarters can communicate.
  • a fire-fighting telephone is hard-wired and fixed installed telephones.
  • a radio system, or more generally a wireless communication system, instead of the fire brigade phone is less expensive, but the radios are in the range is limited, especially in large reinforced concrete buildings. It is also known in the Build a coaxial cable as an antenna so that the radios only cover the distance to bridge the coaxial cable. But the coaxial cable is also an additional one and costly investment.
  • a radio system basically has the disadvantage that all participants have a single channel use so that the head of operations does not automatically know where the respective messages come from come.
  • the fire department telephone does not have the disadvantage of radio systems mentioned because a lamp that identifies the line in question lights up for each call.
  • the invention is now intended to provide a communication system of the type mentioned at the outset which has all the advantages of a radio system, i.e. low additional installation costs as well as the ability to communicate with the control center from any point in the building off, and also enables automatic detection of the location of the caller.
  • the lines that are already present are thus the hazard control system used for communication with the control center, by connecting receiving stations to these lines at strategic points.
  • the receiving stations have an individual address, so that in the central office upon receipt A message from one of these stations knows at any time which station the message is sent.
  • a first preferred embodiment of the communication system according to the invention is characterized in that the hazard control system by a fire alarm system is formed with peripherally arranged fire detectors, and to which the fire detectors with the central connecting lines transmitting / receiving stations for radio signals connected are.
  • the connection points for the transmitting / receiving stations are preferably selected such that that standard radios are within a safe communication distance at every point of the building to a transmitting / receiving station.
  • each radio also has an individual address and this when submitting a message transmits, are not only the transmitting / receiving stations in the control center but also the Radio equipment identifiable. Communication from the center to the caller also takes place via the detector line to the transceiver station, for example digitally coded, and from it by radio to the respective radio.
  • the radio communication can be coded in analog or digital Form, the message output via text display or via loudspeaker / headphones.
  • a second preferred embodiment of the communication system according to the invention is characterized in that the radio devices deliver a Presence signal takes place, so that the respective location of the users of the radio devices in the center and whose movement is recognizable in the building.
  • the accuracy of the location determination by means of the communication system is due to the Distance between the send / receive stations. If several stations at the same time receive a signal from the same radio, the position of the radio can be determined the strength of the received signal can be determined. If you look at the current position of users who knows the radios, you can call them specifically by looking at the closest one Station or one of the closest stations.
  • a third preferred embodiment is characterized in that the hazard control system thanks to an electro-acoustic emergency warning system with peripherally distributed loudspeakers is formed, and that the speakers are additionally designed as microphones or with Microphones are equipped.
  • Another preferred embodiment of the communication system according to the invention is characterized in that the transmitting / receiving stations for the radio signals and / or assigned to the speakers or at least some of these cameras and that these are also connected to the control center via the lines mentioned.
  • the arrangement of the cameras extends the "listen-in” system to a "look-in” system and the head of operations in the control center is given the option of optionally switching on the cameras and to get a precise overview of the situation in the building.
  • the emergency services can of course also in this embodiment via radio and the Transmit / receive stations of the fire alarm system or via the microphones of the Speakers of the electroacoustic emergency warning system communicate with the control center.
  • the drawing shows a schematic section of both with a fire alarm system as well as with an electro-acoustic emergency warning system equipped building, with both hazard control systems becoming a communication system are expanded. In practice, one is more likely to rely on just one communication system restrict.
  • the building is symbolized by a hallway 1 and a number of rooms 2, whereby only the rooms 2 are shown along one side of the aisle 1.
  • fire detectors 3 are installed, which are connected to a bus 4, via which the power supply the fire detector 3 and its communication with a fire alarm control panel 5.
  • the latter is located in an alarm and rescue center for the building Command room in which, in the event of an operation, the head of operations of the various emergency services is or are stationed.
  • an electroacoustic emergency warning system is installed, which is installed in selected locations of the Building-mounted speakers 6, which is connected to an evacuation center 7 Line 8 are connected.
  • the evacuation center 7, which is also mentioned in the Command room is located with the fire alarm control panel 5 via a higher-level Hazard management system 9 connected.
  • the electro-acoustic emergency warning system is used to announce evacuation and rescue information from the evacuation center 7 to the people in the building.
  • Several different messages can be output at the same time, these messages either stored tones or tone sequences or live spoken or possibly also stored Announcements can be.
  • fire detectors 3 are connected to fire alarm control panel 5 Bus 4 at strategically selected locations, for example in corridor 1, in stairwells or in common rooms, transmitting / receiving stations 10 connected for radio signals.
  • Each sending / receiving station has an individual address based on which is identifiable and selectable.
  • a firefighter wants to send a message to the command room, he uses it his radio 11 is quite normal and emits a radio message from the closest one Transceiver station 10 received and in digitally encoded form together with the address the station is transmitted via bus 4 to fire alarm control panel 5.
  • the signal format chosen so that the fire alarm system and the communication system the bus 4 can be used simultaneously as a transmission line without interfering with each other.
  • the control center can not only send / send a message identify, but also the radio 11, which originally sent the message has given up.
  • each radio device 11 transmits a presence signal at intervals of a few seconds, which after receipt by the next transceiver station 10 from the latter into the command room is sent, then in the command room can be followed how the user of the radio 11 in question in the building and where it is currently located. If the same radio signal is received by several transceiver stations 10, the Position of the associated radio 11 can be determined by each transceiver 10 registers the strength of the received radio signals and sends them to the control center 7, so that in the command room the current position of the radio based on the signal strength 11 can be determined.
  • the loudspeakers are 6 of the electroacoustic emergency warning system equipped with a microphone function, which serves to record audio information and via line 8 to the evacuation center 7 to transfer.
  • Microphone function means speakers 6 either are additionally designed as microphones, or that they have a microphone 12. You can the microphones 12 are designed such that they can be switched on by hand on site and like a Telephone can be used, or that they can be switched on remotely from the control center, or that they are at a certain noise level or type of noise turn on by itself.
  • the emergency services can use the microphones 12 and the loudspeakers 6 communicate with the operations manager; on the other hand, the operations manager can Target the area of certain loudspeakers 6, and finally the head of operations can in certain critical areas of the building, such as stairwells or escape routes, listen carefully and follow people's reactions in these areas.
  • the digital signal processing and signal transmission technology can be used to in addition to the audio information to transmit video images, such a video transmission with appropriate training of the bus 4 is also possible via this.
  • the following Get explanations about the use of cameras and the transmission of video images therefore both the fire alarm system and the electro-acoustic emergency warning system.
  • digital cameras 13 mounted either on the bus 4 or on the Line 8 are connected, via which the images of the cameras with a relatively low Bandwidth and speed are transferred to the command room.
  • the cameras are preferably switched on automatically by the fire alarm system as soon as in the has addressed a fire detector 3 in the relevant area.
  • the head of operations has the Possibility of developing the fire and behavior of people on the escape routes to observe.
  • the cameras 13 can be combined with the Fire detectors 3 connected or arranged on this carrier (see see WO application PCT / CH99 / 00413).
  • Cameras in CMOS technology are preferred used, the images of which are compressed by a processor so that they are processed with a sufficient frequency can be transmitted via bus 4 or line 8.
  • the communication system shown concerns only communication within a structural system.
  • the operations manager may wish to: to be able to get in touch with the advancing emergency services as early as possible.
  • a suitable connection between the command room and the fire brigade for example using a mobile phone.
  • the head of operations in the command room Keep the emergency services constantly up-to-date from the moment they disengage, so that they can help When they arrive at the fire site they have all the necessary information and act optimally can.
  • the fire engine is equipped with a PC with a screen and printer, you can Information about the current situation from the command room continuously via mobile phone transmitted to the moving car and displayed there on the screen or printer.
  • the fire brigade can already use the command room with the existing electro-acoustic emergency warning system or with the building's internal Communicate communication system and, via this, instructions to the people in the building To give.

Abstract

The system has addressable devices connected to the lines (4,8) of a wired hazard control system, e.g. a fire control system, for receiving information and transmitting to the central station (5,7) of the hazard control system. The transmitter/receiver station connection points are selected so that at any point within the building standard radio devices (11) are within reliable communications distance of a transmitter/receiver station (10).

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Kommunikationssystem für ein Gebäude, welches ein verdrahtetes Gefahrenbekämpfungssystem mit einer Zentrale und an diese über Leitungen angeschlossenen Peripheriegeräten aufweist.The present invention relates to a communication system for a building, which is a wired Danger control system with a control center and connected to it via cables Has peripheral devices.

Ein derartiges Gefahrenbekämpfungssystem kann beispielsweise eine Brandmeldeanlage mit im Gebäude verteilt angeordneten Brandmeldern sein, die über einen Bus an die Zentrale angeschlossen sind, oder ein elektroakustisches Notfallwarnsystem mit im Gebäude verteilten Lautsprechern zur Durchsage von Evakuierungsinformationen. Selbstverständlich ist auch eine Kombination einer Brandmeldeanlage mit einem elektroakustischen Notfallwarnsystem möglich.A fire alarm system of this type can be used, for example, with a fire alarm system fire detectors distributed throughout the building, connected to the control center via a bus or an electro-acoustic emergency warning system with loudspeakers distributed throughout the building to announce evacuation information. Of course there is also one Combination of a fire alarm system with an electroacoustic emergency warning system possible.

Neben einem elektroakustischen Notfallwarnsystem kann von diesem getrennt ein "Feuerwehrtelefon" vorgesehen sein, über welches die Feuerwehrleute vor Ort mit dem Einsatzleiter in der Zentrale kommunizieren können. Ein solches Feuerwehrtelefon ist fest verdrahtet und weist fest installierte Telefonapparate auf. Ein Funksystem, oder allgemein ein drahtloses Kommunikationssystem, anstatt des Feuerwehrtelefons ist weniger aufwendig, die Funkgeräte sind aber in der Reichweite begrenzt, besonders in grossen Stahlbetongebäuden. Es ist auch bekannt, im Gebäude ein Koaxialkabel als Antenne zu verlegen, so dass die Funkgeräte nur noch die Distanz zum Koaxialkabel überbrücken müssen. Aber auch das Koaxialkabel ist eine zusätzliche und kostspielige Investition.In addition to an electro-acoustic emergency warning system, a "fire brigade telephone" can be separated from it be provided, through which the firefighters on site with the head of operations in the Headquarters can communicate. Such a fire-fighting telephone is hard-wired and fixed installed telephones. A radio system, or more generally a wireless communication system, instead of the fire brigade phone is less expensive, but the radios are in the range is limited, especially in large reinforced concrete buildings. It is also known in the Build a coaxial cable as an antenna so that the radios only cover the distance to bridge the coaxial cable. But the coaxial cable is also an additional one and costly investment.

Ein Funksystem hat grundsätzlich den Nachteil, dass alle Teilnehmer einen einzigen Kanal benutzen, so dass der Einsatzleiter nicht automatisch weiss, woher die jeweiligen Meldungen kommen. Das Feuerwehrtelefon weist den genannten Nachteil der Funksysteme nicht auf, weil hier bei jedem Anruf ein die betreffende Linie identifizierendes Lämpchen aufleuchtet.A radio system basically has the disadvantage that all participants have a single channel use so that the head of operations does not automatically know where the respective messages come from come. The fire department telephone does not have the disadvantage of radio systems mentioned because a lamp that identifies the line in question lights up for each call.

Durch die Erfindung soll nun ein Kommunikationssystem der eingangs genannten Art angegeben werden, welches alle Vorteile eines Funksystems aufweist, also geringe zusätzliche Installationskosten sowie Kommunikationsmöglichkeit mit der Zentrale von jedem Punkt des Gebäudes aus, und ausserdem eine automatische Erkennung des Standorts des Anrufers ermöglicht.The invention is now intended to provide a communication system of the type mentioned at the outset which has all the advantages of a radio system, i.e. low additional installation costs as well as the ability to communicate with the control center from any point in the building off, and also enables automatic detection of the location of the caller.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäss dadurch gelöst, dass an die Leitungen des Gefahrenbekämpfungssystems adressierbare Mittel zum Empfang von Informationen und zu deren Übertragung an die Zentrale vorgesehen sind. This object is achieved according to the invention in that the lines of the hazard control system addressable means for receiving information and for transmitting it are provided to the headquarters.

Beim erfindungsgemässen Kommunikationssystem werden also die ohnehin vorhandenen Leitungen des Gefahrenbekämpfungssystems für die Kommunikation mit der Zentrale verwendet, indem an diese Leitungen an strategischen Punkten Empfangsstationen angeschlossen sind. Die Empfangsstationen weisen eine individuelle Adresse auf, so dass in der Zentrale bei Eingang einer Meldung von einer dieser Stationen jederzeit bekannt ist, welche Station die Meldung gesendet hat.In the communication system according to the invention, the lines that are already present are thus the hazard control system used for communication with the control center, by connecting receiving stations to these lines at strategic points. The receiving stations have an individual address, so that in the central office upon receipt A message from one of these stations knows at any time which station the message is sent.

Je nach der Art des Gefahrenbekämpfungssystems werden nachfolgend verschiedene Ausführungsformen für das Kommunikationssystem vorgeschlagen:Depending on the type of danger control system, different embodiments are described below proposed for the communication system:

Eine erste bevorzugte Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemässen Kommunikationssystems ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Gefahrenbekämpfungssystem durch eine Brandmeldeanlage mit peripher angeordneten Brandmeldern gebildet ist, und dass an die die Brandmelder mit der Zentrale verbindenden Leitungen Sende-/Empfangsstationen für Funksignale angeschlossen sind. Vorzugsweise sind die Anschlussstellen für die Sende-/Empfangsstationen so gewählt, dass an jedem Punkt des Gebäudes Standard-Funkgeräte innerhalb einer sicheren Kommunikationsdistanz zu einer Sende-/Empfangsstation liegen.A first preferred embodiment of the communication system according to the invention is characterized in that the hazard control system by a fire alarm system is formed with peripherally arranged fire detectors, and to which the fire detectors with the central connecting lines transmitting / receiving stations for radio signals connected are. The connection points for the transmitting / receiving stations are preferably selected such that that standard radios are within a safe communication distance at every point of the building to a transmitting / receiving station.

Wenn jedes Funkgerät ebenfalls eine individuelle Adresse hat und diese bei Abgabe einer Meldung sendet, sind in der Zentrale nicht nur die Sende-/Empfangsstationen sondern auch die Funkgeräte identifizierbar. Die Kommunikation von der Zentrale zum Anrufer erfolgt ebenfalls über die Melderleitung zur Sende-/Empfangsstation, beispielsweise digital codiert, und von dieser per Funk zum jeweiligen Funkgerät. Die Funkkommunikation kann in analog oder digital codierter Form erfolgen, die Meldungsausgabe per Text-Display oder via Lautsprecher/Kopfhörer.If each radio also has an individual address and this when submitting a message transmits, are not only the transmitting / receiving stations in the control center but also the Radio equipment identifiable. Communication from the center to the caller also takes place via the detector line to the transceiver station, for example digitally coded, and from it by radio to the respective radio. The radio communication can be coded in analog or digital Form, the message output via text display or via loudspeaker / headphones.

Eine zweite bevorzugte Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemässen Kommunikationssystems ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass von den Funkgeräten in zeitlichen Abständen die Abgabe eines Präsenzsignals erfolgt, so dass in der Zentrale der jeweilige Standort der Benutzer der Funkgeräte und deren Bewegung im Gebäude erkennbar ist.A second preferred embodiment of the communication system according to the invention is characterized in that the radio devices deliver a Presence signal takes place, so that the respective location of the users of the radio devices in the center and whose movement is recognizable in the building.

Die Genauigkeit der Standortbestimmung mittels des Kommunikationssystems ist durch den Abstand zwischen den Sende-/Empfangsstationen gegeben. Wenn mehrere Stationen gleichzeitig ein Signal desselben Funkgeräts empfangen, kann die Position des Funkgeräts anhand der Stärke des Empfangssignals bestimmt werden. Wenn man die aktuelle Position der Benutzer der Funkgeräte kennt, kann man diese gezielt anrufen, indem man die nächstgelegene Station oder eine der nächstgelegenen Stationen anwählt.The accuracy of the location determination by means of the communication system is due to the Distance between the send / receive stations. If several stations at the same time receive a signal from the same radio, the position of the radio can be determined the strength of the received signal can be determined. If you look at the current position of users who knows the radios, you can call them specifically by looking at the closest one Station or one of the closest stations.

Eine dritte bevorzugte Ausführungsform ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Gefahrenbekämpfungssystem durch ein elektroakustisches Notfallwarnsystem mit peripher verteilten Lautsprechern gebildet ist, und dass die Lautsprecher zusätzlich als Mikrofone ausgebildet oder mit Mikrofonen ausgerüstet sind. A third preferred embodiment is characterized in that the hazard control system thanks to an electro-acoustic emergency warning system with peripherally distributed loudspeakers is formed, and that the speakers are additionally designed as microphones or with Microphones are equipped.

Dieser Ausbau eines elektroakustischen Notfallwarnsystems zu einem Kommunikationssystem eröffnet die Möglichkeit der Zweiweg-Kommunikation zwischen der Zentrale und den Einsatzkräften und zusätzlich den Bewohnern des Gebäudes, indem die letzteren die Lautsprecher mit der Mikrofonfunktion wie fest installierte Telefonapparate benutzen. Ausserdem bietet diese Ausführungsform der Zentrale die Möglichkeit des "listen-in", d.h. man kann in der Zentrale das Geschehen im Gebäude akustisch mitverfolgen.This expansion of an electroacoustic emergency warning system into a communication system opens up the possibility of two-way communication between the headquarters and the emergency services and in addition the residents of the building by using the latter with the speakers use the microphone function like fixed telephone sets. It also offers Embodiment of the center the possibility of "listen-in", i.e. you can do that at headquarters Follow what is happening in the building acoustically.

Eine weitere bevorzugte Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemässen Kommunikationssystems ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass den Sende-/Empfangsstationen für die Funksignale und/oder den Lautsprechern oder zumindest einigen von diesen Kameras zugeordnet und dass diese ebenfalls über die genannten Leitungen mit der Zentrale verbunden sind.Another preferred embodiment of the communication system according to the invention is characterized in that the transmitting / receiving stations for the radio signals and / or assigned to the speakers or at least some of these cameras and that these are also connected to the control center via the lines mentioned.

Durch die Anordnung der Kameras wird das "listen-in" System zu einem "look-in" System erweitert und der Einsatzleiter in der Zentrale erhält die Möglichkeit, die Kameras wahlweise einzuschalten und sich einen genauen Überblick über die Situation im Gebäude zu verschaffen. Insbesondere können auf diese Weise Fluchtwege wie Gänge und Stiegenhäuser inspiziert werden, bevor über das elektroakustische Notfallwarnsystem oder über das Kommunikationssystem Informationen über die zu verwendenden Fluchtwege durchgegeben werden. Die Einsatzkräfte können selbstverständlich auch bei dieser Ausführungsform über Funkgeräte und die Sende-/Empfangsstationen der Brandalarmanlage beziehungsweise über die Mikrofone der Lautsprecher des elektroakustischen Notfallwarnsystems mit der Zentrale kommunizieren.The arrangement of the cameras extends the "listen-in" system to a "look-in" system and the head of operations in the control center is given the option of optionally switching on the cameras and to get a precise overview of the situation in the building. In particular can be used to inspect escape routes such as corridors and stairwells, before via the electro-acoustic emergency warning system or via the communication system Information about the escape routes to be used is given. The emergency services can of course also in this embodiment via radio and the Transmit / receive stations of the fire alarm system or via the microphones of the Speakers of the electroacoustic emergency warning system communicate with the control center.

Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand eines in der einzigen Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert. Die Zeichnung zeigt einen schematischen Ausschnitt eines sowohl mit einer Brandmeldeanlage als auch mit einem elektroakustischen Notfallwarnsystem ausgerüsteten Gebäudes, wobei beide Gefahrenbekämpfungssysteme zu einem Kommunikationssystem ausgebaut sind. In der Praxis wird man sich eher auf nur ein Kommunikationssystem beschränken.In the following the invention with reference to an embodiment shown in the single drawing explained in more detail. The drawing shows a schematic section of both with a fire alarm system as well as with an electro-acoustic emergency warning system equipped building, with both hazard control systems becoming a communication system are expanded. In practice, one is more likely to rely on just one communication system restrict.

Das Gebäude ist durch einen Gang 1 und eine Anzahl von Räumen 2 symbolisiert, wobei nur die Räume 2 entlang einer Seite des Ganges 1 dargestellt sind. Im Gang 1 und in den Räumen 2 sind Brandmelder 3 installiert, die an einen Bus 4 angeschlossen sind, über den die Stromversorgung der Brandmelder 3 und deren Kommunikation mit einer Brandmeldezentrale 5 erfolgt. Die letztere befindet sich in einem die Alarm- und Rettungszentrale für das Gebäude bildenden Kommandoraum, in welchem im Einsatzfall der oder die Einsatzleiter der verschiedenen Einsatzkräfte stationiert ist beziehungsweise sind. Zusätzlich zur Brandmeldeanlage ist im Gebäude ein elektroakustisches Notfallwarnsystem installiert, welches an ausgewählten Orten des Gebäudes montierte Lautsprecher 6 aufweist, die an eine mit einer Evakuierungszentrale 7 verbundene Leitung 8 angeschlossen sind. Die Evakuierungszentrale 7, die sich ebenfalls im erwähnten Kommandoraum befindet, kann mit der Brandmeldezentrale 5 über ein übergeordnetes Gefahrenmanagementsystem 9 verbunden sein.The building is symbolized by a hallway 1 and a number of rooms 2, whereby only the rooms 2 are shown along one side of the aisle 1. In corridor 1 and in the rooms 2 fire detectors 3 are installed, which are connected to a bus 4, via which the power supply the fire detector 3 and its communication with a fire alarm control panel 5. The latter is located in an alarm and rescue center for the building Command room in which, in the event of an operation, the head of operations of the various emergency services is or are stationed. In addition to the fire alarm system is in the building an electroacoustic emergency warning system is installed, which is installed in selected locations of the Building-mounted speakers 6, which is connected to an evacuation center 7 Line 8 are connected. The evacuation center 7, which is also mentioned in the Command room is located with the fire alarm control panel 5 via a higher-level Hazard management system 9 connected.

Das elektroakustische Notfallwarnsystem dient zur Durchsage von Evakuierungs- und Rettungsinformationen von der Evakuierungszentrale 7 an die im Gebäude befindlichen Personen. Es kann gleichzeitig mehrere verschiedene Meldungen ausgeben, wobei diese Meldungen entweder gespeicherte Töne oder Tonfolgen oder live gesprochene oder eventuell auch gespeicherte Ansagen sein können. Während bei den meisten der heute verwendeten elektroakustischen Notfallwarnsysteme für jede dieser verschiedenen Audio-Informationen ein separates Kabel verwendet wird, wird beim dargestellten System digitale Kommunikationstechnik eingesetzt. Das bedeutet, dass die Leitung 8 eine Mehrkanal-Leitung ist, über die gleichzeitig mehrere Meldungen übertragen werden können.The electro-acoustic emergency warning system is used to announce evacuation and rescue information from the evacuation center 7 to the people in the building. Several different messages can be output at the same time, these messages either stored tones or tone sequences or live spoken or possibly also stored Announcements can be. While most of the electroacoustic used today Emergency warning systems have a separate one for each of these different audio information Cable is used, digital communication technology is used in the system shown. This means that the line 8 is a multi-channel line, over which several at the same time Messages can be transferred.

In dem in der Zeichnung dargestellten Gebäude ist zusätzlich ein Kommunikationssystem für die Kommunikation zwischen Zentrale und Einsatzkräften vorgesehen, welches sich die bereits vorhandenen Installationen der Brandmeldeanlage und/oder des elektroakustischen Notfallwarnsystems zunutze macht. In der Zeichnung ist sowohl die Brandmeldeanlage als auch das elektroakustische Notfallwarnsystem zu einem Kommunikationssystem ausgebaut, wobei sich diese beiden Kommunikationssysteme stark überlappen. Man wird sich in der Praxis schon aus Kostengründen für nur ein Kommunikationssystem entscheiden und daher nicht beide Systeme nebeneinander verwenden. Die Zeichnung ist also so zu verstehen, dass zwei Möglichkeiten eines Kommunikationssystems alternativ zur Wahl gestellt werden. Im folgenden soll nun zuerst das die Brandmeldeanlage und anschliessend das das elektroakustische Notfallwarnsystem benutzende Kommunikationssystem beschrieben werden.In the building shown in the drawing there is also a communication system for the communication between headquarters and emergency services provided, which is already the existing installations of the fire alarm system and / or the electroacoustic emergency warning system takes advantage. In the drawing is both the fire alarm system and that electro-acoustic emergency warning system expanded into a communication system, whereby these two communication systems strongly overlap. In practice, you will be out Decide cost reasons for only one communication system and therefore not both systems use side by side. The drawing is to be understood as two ways of a communication system can be made as an alternative. In the following we shall now go first the the fire alarm system and then the electro-acoustic emergency warning system using the communication system.

Darstellungsgemäss sind an die Brandmelder 3 mit der Brandmeldezentrale 5 verbindenden Bus 4 an strategisch ausgewählten Stellen, beispielsweise im Gang 1, in Stiegenhäusern oder in Gemeinschaftsräumen, Sende-/Empfangsstationen 10 für Funksignale angeschlossen. Die Verteilung der Stationen 10 im Gebäude ist dabei so gewählt, dass an jedem Punkt des Gebäudes Standard-Funkgeräte 11 innerhalb ihrer sicheren Kommunikationsdistanz (= Reichweite) zu diesen Stationen liegen. Jede Sende-/Empfangsstation hat eine individuelle Adresse, anhand welcher sie identifizierbar und anwählbar ist.As shown, fire detectors 3 are connected to fire alarm control panel 5 Bus 4 at strategically selected locations, for example in corridor 1, in stairwells or in common rooms, transmitting / receiving stations 10 connected for radio signals. The Distribution of stations 10 in the building is chosen so that at every point of the building Standard radios 11 within their safe communication distance (= range) too these stations. Each sending / receiving station has an individual address based on which is identifiable and selectable.

Wenn ein Feuerwehrmann eine Meldung an den Kommandoraum senden möchte, benutzt er ganz normal sein Funkgerät 11 und gibt eine Funkmeldung ab, die von der nächstgelegenen Sende-/Empfangsstation 10 empfangen und in digital codierter Form zusammen mit der Adresse der Station über den Bus 4 an die Brandmeldezentrale 5 übertragen wird. Dabei ist das Signalformat so gewählt, dass das Brandmeldesystem und das Kommunikationssystem den Bus 4 gleichzeitig als Übertragungsleitung benutzen können ohne einander zu stören. Wenn jedes Funkgerät 11 ebenfalls eine individuelle Adresse hat und diese zusammen mit jeder Funkmeldung aussendet, dann kann die Zentrale nicht nur die eine Meldung sendende Sende-/ Empfangsstation identifizieren, sondern auch das Funkgerät 11, welches die Meldung ursprünglich abgegeben hat. Vorzugsweise ist im Kommandoraum ein Bedienungstableau für das Kommunikationssystem vorgesehen, welches für jede der im Gebäude angeordneten Sende-/Empfangsstationen 10 eine optische Anzeige für eine eingehende Meldung und eine Ruftaste oder einen Rufknopf aufweist.If a firefighter wants to send a message to the command room, he uses it his radio 11 is quite normal and emits a radio message from the closest one Transceiver station 10 received and in digitally encoded form together with the address the station is transmitted via bus 4 to fire alarm control panel 5. Here is the signal format chosen so that the fire alarm system and the communication system the bus 4 can be used simultaneously as a transmission line without interfering with each other. If any Radio 11 also has an individual address and this together with each radio message transmits, the control center can not only send / send a message identify, but also the radio 11, which originally sent the message has given up. There is preferably a control panel for the communication system in the command room provided, which for each of the transmitting / receiving stations arranged in the building 10 an optical display for an incoming message and a call button or Has call button.

Wenn jedes Funkgerät 11 in Abständen von einigen Sekunden ein Präsenzsignal aussendet, welches nach Empfang durch die nächste Sende-/Empfangsstation 10 von dieser in den Kommandoraum gesendet wird, dann kann im Kommandoraum verfolgt werden, wie sich der Benutzer des betreffenden Funkgeräts 11 im Gebäude bewegt und wo er sich gerade befindet. Wenn dasselbe Funksignal von mehreren Sende-/Empfangsstationen 10 empfangen wird, kann die Position des zugehörigen Funkgeräts 11 dadurch bestimmt werden, dass jede Sende-/Empfangsstation 10 die Stärke der empfangenen Funksignale registriert und an die Zentrale 7 sendet, so dass im Kommandoraum anhand der Signalstärke die aktuelle Position des Funkgeräts 11 ermittelt werden kann.If each radio device 11 transmits a presence signal at intervals of a few seconds, which after receipt by the next transceiver station 10 from the latter into the command room is sent, then in the command room can be followed how the user of the radio 11 in question in the building and where it is currently located. If the same radio signal is received by several transceiver stations 10, the Position of the associated radio 11 can be determined by each transceiver 10 registers the strength of the received radio signals and sends them to the control center 7, so that in the command room the current position of the radio based on the signal strength 11 can be determined.

Die Kommunikation in der Gegenrichtung vom Kommandoraum zum Funkgerät 11 erfolgt ebenfalls über den Bus 4, indem die betreffende Sende-/Empfangsstation 10 und eventuell auch benachbarte Empfangsstationen angewählt werden und die jeweilige Meldung zu den angewählten Stationen übertragen wird. Diese geben dann die empfangene Meldung als Funkspruch ab, und dieser wird vom Funkgerät 11 empfangen.Communication in the opposite direction from the command room to the radio 11 also takes place via the bus 4 by the relevant transceiver station 10 and possibly also neighboring ones Receiving stations can be selected and the respective message for the selected Stations is transmitted. These then send the received message as a radio message, and this is received by the radio 11.

Im Anschluss an das die Brandmeldeanlage benutzende Kommunikationssystem soll nun das das elektroakustische Notfallwarnsystem benutzende Kommunikationssystem beschrieben werden:Following the communication system using the fire alarm system, this should now be done communication system using the electroacoustic emergency warning system:

Wie in der Zeichnung mit dem Bezugszeichen 12 schematisch angedeutet ist, sind die Lautsprecher 6 des elektroakustischen Notfallwarnsystems mit einer Mikrofonfunktion ausgerüstet, welche dazu dient, Audio-Informationen aufzunehmen und über die Leitung 8 an die Evakuierungszentrale 7 zu übertragen. Mikrofonfunktion bedeutet, dass die Lautsprecher 6 entweder zusätzlich als Mikrofone ausgebildet sind, oder dass sie ein Mikrofon 12 aufweisen. Dabei können die Mikrofone 12 so ausgebildet sein, dass sie vor Ort von Hand einschaltbar und wie ein Telefon verwendbar sind, oder dass sie ferngesteuert von der Zentrale aus einschaltbar sind, oder dass sie sich bei einem bestimmten Geräuschpegel oder einer bestimmten Geräuschart von selbst einschalten.As indicated schematically in the drawing by reference numeral 12, the loudspeakers are 6 of the electroacoustic emergency warning system equipped with a microphone function, which serves to record audio information and via line 8 to the evacuation center 7 to transfer. Microphone function means speakers 6 either are additionally designed as microphones, or that they have a microphone 12. You can the microphones 12 are designed such that they can be switched on by hand on site and like a Telephone can be used, or that they can be switched on remotely from the control center, or that they are at a certain noise level or type of noise turn on by itself.

Auf diese Weise können einerseits die Einsatzkräfte über die Mikrofone 12 und die Lautsprecher 6 mit dem Einsatzleiter kommunizieren, andererseits kann der Einsatzleiter Personen im Bereich bestimmter Lautsprecher 6 gezielt ansprechen, und schliesslich kann der Einsatzleiter in bestimmte kritische Bereiche des Gebäudes, wie beispielsweise Stiegenhäuser oder Fluchtwege, gezielt hineinhören und die Reaktionen der Menschen in diesen Bereichen verfolgen. Die digitale Signalverarbeitungs- und Signalübertragungstechnik kann dazu benutzt werden, zusätzlich zu den Audioinformationen Videobilder zu übertragen, wobei eine solche Videoübertragung bei entsprechender Ausbildung des Busses 4 auch über diesen möglich ist. Die folgenden Ausführungen über den Einsatz von Kameras und die Übertragung von Videobildern beziehen sich daher sowohl auf die Brandmeldeanlage als auch auf das elektroakustische Notfallwarnsystem.In this way, on the one hand, the emergency services can use the microphones 12 and the loudspeakers 6 communicate with the operations manager; on the other hand, the operations manager can Target the area of certain loudspeakers 6, and finally the head of operations can in certain critical areas of the building, such as stairwells or escape routes, listen carefully and follow people's reactions in these areas. The digital signal processing and signal transmission technology can be used to in addition to the audio information to transmit video images, such a video transmission with appropriate training of the bus 4 is also possible via this. The following Get explanations about the use of cameras and the transmission of video images therefore both the fire alarm system and the electro-acoustic emergency warning system.

Darstellungsgemäss sind im Gang 1 oder in anderen wichtigen Bereichen des Gebäudes an strategischen Stellen digitale Kameras 13 montiert, die entweder an den Bus 4 oder an die Leitung 8 angeschlossen sind, über welche die Bilder der Kameras mit einer relativ geringen Bandbreite und Geschwindigkeit in den Kommandoraum übertragen werden. Die Kameras werden vorzugsweise durch die Brandmeldeanlage automatisch eingeschaltet, sobald in dem betreffenden Bereich ein Brandmelder 3 angesprochen hat. Der Einsatzleiter hat dadurch die Möglichkeit, die Entwicklung des Brandes und das Verhalten von Personen auf den Fluchtwegen zu beobachten. Bei Anschluss an den Bus 4 können die Kameras 13 in einem mit den Brandmeldern 3 verbundenen oder an diese angearbeiteten Träger angeordnet sein (siehe dazu die WO-Anmeldung PCT/CH99/00413). Vorzugsweise werden Kameras in CMOS-Technik verwendet, deren Bilder von einem Prozessor so komprimiert werden, dass diese mit einer ausreichenden Frequenz über den Bus 4 oder die Leitung 8 übertragen werden können.As shown, are in corridor 1 or in other important areas of the building strategic locations digital cameras 13 mounted either on the bus 4 or on the Line 8 are connected, via which the images of the cameras with a relatively low Bandwidth and speed are transferred to the command room. The cameras are preferably switched on automatically by the fire alarm system as soon as in the has addressed a fire detector 3 in the relevant area. The head of operations has the Possibility of developing the fire and behavior of people on the escape routes to observe. When connected to the bus 4, the cameras 13 can be combined with the Fire detectors 3 connected or arranged on this carrier (see see WO application PCT / CH99 / 00413). Cameras in CMOS technology are preferred used, the images of which are compressed by a processor so that they are processed with a sufficient frequency can be transmitted via bus 4 or line 8.

Das dargestellte Kommunikationssystem betrifft ausschliesslich die Kommunikation innerhalb einer baulichen Anlage. Unter Umständen besteht aber seitens des Einsatzleiters der Wunsch, möglichst frühzeitig mit den anrückenden Einsatzkräften in Kontakt treten zu können. Zu diesem Zweck besteht zwischen dem Kommandoraum und der Feuerwehr eine geeignete Verbindung, beispielsweise über Mobiltelefon. Auf diese Weise kann der Einsatzleiter im Kommandoraum die Einsatzkräfte schon ab dem Ausrücken ständig auf dem laufenden halten, so dass diese bei ihrem Eintreffen am Brandort im Besitz aller notwendigen Informationen sind und optimal agieren können.The communication system shown concerns only communication within a structural system. However, the operations manager may wish to: to be able to get in touch with the advancing emergency services as early as possible. To this There is a suitable connection between the command room and the fire brigade, for example using a mobile phone. In this way, the head of operations in the command room Keep the emergency services constantly up-to-date from the moment they disengage, so that they can help When they arrive at the fire site they have all the necessary information and act optimally can.

Wenn das Feuerwehrauto mit einem PC mit Bildschirm und Drucker ausgerüstet ist, können über Mobiltelefon laufend Informationen über die aktuelle Situation aus dem Kommandoraum zum fahrenden Auto übertragen und dort via Bildschirm oder Drucker dargestellt werden. Ebenso kann die Feuerwehr schon aus dem fahrenden Auto über den Kommandoraum mit dem gegebenenfalls vorhandenen elektroakustischen Notfallwarnsystem oder mit dem gebäudeinternen Kommunikationssystem kommunizieren und über dieses den Personen im Gebäude Verhaltensanweisungen erteilen.If the fire engine is equipped with a PC with a screen and printer, you can Information about the current situation from the command room continuously via mobile phone transmitted to the moving car and displayed there on the screen or printer. As well The fire brigade can already use the command room with the existing electro-acoustic emergency warning system or with the building's internal Communicate communication system and, via this, instructions to the people in the building To give.

Claims (11)

Kommunikationssystem für ein Gebäude, welches ein verdrahtetes Gefahrenbekämpfungssystem mit einer Zentrale (5, 7) und an diese über Leitungen (4, 8) angeschlossenen Peripheriegeräten (3, 6) aufweist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass an die Leitungen (4, 8) des Gefahrenbekämpfungssystems adressierbare Mittel zum Empfang von Informationen und zu deren Übertragung an die Zentrale (5, 7) vorgesehen sind.Communication system for a building, which is a wired hazard control system with a central unit (5, 7) and peripheral devices connected to it via lines (4, 8) (3, 6), characterized in that on the lines (4, 8) of the Hazard control system addressable means for receiving information and are provided for their transmission to the control center (5, 7). Kommunikationssystem nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Gefahrenbekämpfungssystem durch eine Brandmeldeanlage mit peripher angeordneten Brandmeldern (3) gebildet ist, und dass an die die Brandmelder (3) mit der Zentrale (5) verbindendenden Leitungen (4) Sende-/Empfangsstationen (10) für Funksignale angeschlossen sind.Communication system according to claim 1, characterized in that the hazard control system through a fire alarm system with peripherally arranged fire detectors (3) is formed, and that to those connecting the fire detectors (3) to the control center (5) Lines (4) transmitting / receiving stations (10) for radio signals are connected. Kommunikationssystem nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Anschlussstellen für die Sende-/Empfangsstationen (10) so gewählt sind, dass an jedem Punkt des Gebäudes Standard-Funkgeräte (11) innerhalb einer sicheren Kommunikationsdistanz zu einer Sende-/Empfangsstation (10) liegen.Communication system according to claim 2, characterized in that the connection points for the transmitting / receiving stations (10) are selected so that at every point of the building Standard radio devices (11) within a safe communication distance to one Transmit / receive station (10). Kommunikationssystem nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass von den Funkgeräten (11) in zeitlichen Abständen die Abgabe eines Präsenzsignals erfolgt, so dass in der Zentrale (5) der jeweilige Standort der Benutzer der Funkgeräte (11) und deren Bewegung im Gebäude erkennbar ist.Communication system according to claim 3, characterized in that of the radio devices (11) the presence signal is emitted at intervals, so that in the Central (5) the respective location of the users of the radio devices (11) and their movement is recognizable in the building. Kommunikationssystem nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Gefahrenbekämpfungssystem durch ein elektroakustisches Notfallwarnsystem mit peripher verteilten Lautsprechern (6) gebildet ist, und dass die Lautsprecher zusätzlich als Mikrofone ausgebildet oder mit Mikrofonen (12) ausgerüstet sind.Communication system according to claim 1, characterized in that the hazard control system through an electro-acoustic emergency warning system with peripherally distributed Speakers (6) is formed, and that the speakers are also designed as microphones or equipped with microphones (12). Kommunikationssystem nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Mikrofone (12) zusammen mit den Lautsprechern (6) vor Ort einschaltbar und in der Art eines Telefons für die Kommunikation mit der Zentrale (7) benutzbar sind.Communication system according to claim 5, characterized in that the microphones (12) switchable together with the speakers (6) on site and in the manner of a telephone for communication with the control center (7) can be used. Kommunikationssystem nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Mikrofone (12) von der Zentrale (7) aus ferngesteuert einschaltbar sind.Communication system according to claim 5, characterized in that the microphones (12) can be switched on remotely from the control center (7). Kommunikationssystem nach Anspruch 5 oder 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Mikrofone mit einem Geräuschsensor ausgerüstet sind, und dass bei Überschreiten eines bestimmten Geräuschpegels oder bei Auftreten einer bestimmten Geräuschart ein automatisches Einschalten des betreffenden Mikrofons (12) und eine Verbindungsaufnahme mit der Zentrale (7) erfolgt. Communication system according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the microphones are equipped with a noise sensor and that when a certain one is exceeded Noise level or an automatic when a certain type of noise occurs Switch on the relevant microphone (12) and establish a connection with the Central (7) takes place. Kommunikationssystem nach den Ansprüchen 2 und 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass den Sende-/Empfangsstationen (10) für die Funksignale und/oder den Lautsprechern (6) oder zumindest einigen von diesen Kameras (13) zugeordnet und dass diese ebenfalls über die genannten Leitungen (4 bzw. 8) mit der Zentrale (5 bzw. 7) verbunden sind.Communication system according to claims 2 and 5, characterized in that the Transceiver stations (10) for the radio signals and / or the loudspeakers (6) or assigned to at least some of these cameras (13) and that these are likewise via the mentioned lines (4 and 8) are connected to the center (5 and 7). Kommunikationssystem nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kameras (13) von der Zentrale (5, 7) aus ferngesteuert einschaltbar sind.Communication system according to claim 9, characterized in that the cameras (13) can be switched on remotely from the control center (5, 7). Kommunikationssystem nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kameras (13) durch das Alarmsignal eines Brandmelders (3) einschaltbar sind.Communication system according to claim 9, characterized in that the cameras (13) can be switched on by the alarm signal of a fire detector (3).
EP99125784A 1999-12-23 1999-12-23 Communication system for a building Expired - Lifetime EP1111565B1 (en)

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DE59910356T DE59910356D1 (en) 1999-12-23 1999-12-23 Communication system for a building
EP99125784A EP1111565B1 (en) 1999-12-23 1999-12-23 Communication system for a building
AT99125784T ATE274734T1 (en) 1999-12-23 1999-12-23 COMMUNICATION SYSTEM FOR A BUILDING
NO20006570A NO20006570L (en) 1999-12-23 2000-12-21 Communication system for a building
CN00136456.1A CN1201556C (en) 1999-12-23 2000-12-25 Communication system for building

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EP1111565B1 (en) 2004-08-25
ATE274734T1 (en) 2004-09-15
DE59910356D1 (en) 2004-09-30
CN1201556C (en) 2005-05-11
NO20006570L (en) 2001-06-25
CN1301108A (en) 2001-06-27

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