EP0405428A1 - Refuse collection vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

2.1 In refuse collection vehicles, the refuse was hitherto either emptied in at the vehicle tail or in the case of so-called overhead loaders from the front. In this case, however, a considerable clearance above the vehicle is necessary in order to be able to empty the refuse collection vessel into the collection vessel connected to the vehicle. 2.2 The disadvantages can be eliminated by the arrangement of an intermediate vessel (13) in the front region of the driver's cab (1'), into which the small refuse collection vessels are emptied, and the base of which is constructed as a discharge device (19). The intermediate vessel (13) is raised vertically so that then the refuse can be discharged from the intermediate vessel (13) onto a conveyor means (21) arranged above the driver's cab and can be tipped into the collection vessel (2). Since all discharge points can be sealed by a covering cap (25), emptying is virtually dust-free. <IMAGE>

Description

The invention relates to a vehicle for collecting waste, hereinafter referred to as waste collection vehicle, which has a collection container, preferably detachably arranged behind an operating platform, in particular behind the driver's cab of a motor vehicle, which has a filling arranged in the upper region and at least one wall part which can be opened for emptying, preferably an end wall , and which is provided with means for compacting the waste filled in the collecting container.

In the refuse collection vehicle of the aforementioned type known from US Pat. No. 3,202,305, the refuse collection vessels to be emptied into the collection container are each picked up from the floor in front of the driver's cab via a pair of swivel arms connected to the collector and swiveled high above the driver's cab and thereby into the rear the filling opening of the collecting container located in the driver's cab. A major disadvantage of these vehicles known as so-called overhead loaders is that the waste collection receptacle received in each case by tipping over into the filling opening at the top of the collection container is emptied. The normal clearance profile of such vehicles is considerably exceeded.

From DE-OS 25 45 051 a waste collection vehicle is also known in which a hopper is arranged on the chassis between the driver's cab and the collection container detachably connected to the vehicle. The waste collection containers are emptied into this hopper via a pair of swivel arms in the manner of an overhead loader. The waste is then transferred from this hopper through a scoop device into the filler opening at the top of the collecting container. It is not possible to compact the waste in the collection container, so that an optimal loading cannot be achieved. Apart from the disadvantages of an overhead loader already described above, this vehicle has the further disadvantage that the arrangement of the hopper between the collecting container and the driver's cab greatly reduces the volume available for the collecting container.

A waste collection vehicle is known from US Pat. No. 3,643,824, in which a hopper is arranged between the driver's cab and the collection container which is fixedly but tiltably connected to the chassis and which is loaded from the ground with small waste collection containers by hand or by means of a corresponding pouring device can. The waste lying in the hopper is then pushed into the collecting container via a slide through an opening arranged in the bottom area in the end wall of the collecting container. Since the waste in the bottom area is pushed into the collecting container, it is not possible to fill the collecting container completely and thus to fully utilize the available volume of the collecting container. Compressing the garbage is also not possible with this arrangement.

The invention has for its object to provide a refuse collection vehicle of the type mentioned, which avoids the disadvantages of the above-described systems, and in particular, the advantages of the overhead loader known, namely that the garbage workers can work in front of the cab in line of sight with the driver Use for emptying small-volume waste collection containers, in particular household waste collection containers.

This object is achieved according to the invention in that at least one intermediate container for receiving the waste from waste collection containers is arranged in the front area of the driver's cab, which is connected to means for emptying its contents into the overhead filling of the collecting container, and that a moving device is connected to the vehicle for the intermediate container, which moves it from its filling position in the floor area in front of the driver's cab to at least one level above the driver's cab. The arrangement of such an intermediate container in the front area of the driver's cab has the advantage that the space behind the driver's cab is practically its entire length available for accommodating the collecting container, so that the largest possible collecting containers can be used. The term front area in the sense of the invention covers both the space in front of the cab and the space above the cab. Another advantage of the vehicle according to the invention over conventional refuse collection vehicles is a better weight distribution, since the components required for handling the refuse collection vessels, including the intermediate container, are absorbed by the vehicle front axle with their weight, so that the rear axle area is fully accommodated by the filled one Collection container defined load is available. This results in a better load distribution. Another advantage of the refuse collection vehicle designed according to the invention is that the The intermediate container is emptied through an opening at the top of the collecting container, so that an optimal filling of the collecting container is possible in connection with a compression device. Filling from above is particularly important for the compression process, since here the amounts of waste given via the intermediate container are pushed together from the filling opening of the collecting container towards the end of the container onto the opposite end wall and in each case compacted to below the container ceiling. The compression device is preferably designed such that it essentially covers the entire container cross section. Since there must always be enough maneuvering space for the vehicle in the direction of travel, it is also ensured that there is sufficient space for handling the waste collection bins and that there is always a line of sight between the driver and the operating team. The design of the refuse collection vehicle according to the invention can be particularly advantageously based on a series vehicle. The waste collection vehicle can also be designed as a special vehicle in a so-called low-floor version with only little ground clearance. This makes it possible to provide a low-lying cab and / or a low-lying chassis, so that a relatively large height is available for the intermediate container and also for the collecting container without the maximum permissible clearance profile for such vehicles being exceeded, and thus a large capacity for Available. The arrangement of such a moving device offers the advantage, among other things, that the dimensions of the intermediate container can extend almost over the entire width of the vehicle and at least over the length of the cab, so that an intermediate container with a large capacity can be designed here. In the filling position close to the ground, this intermediate container can then be filled by hand with waste bags and small waste containers. However, the usual waste collection containers can also be emptied via a corresponding pouring device assigned to the intermediate container will. The particular advantage here is that only little lifting work has to be done for the waste collection containers to be emptied and, accordingly, their emptying takes place more quickly. Since the intermediate container can be brought close to the ground by means of the moving device, the shortening of the stroke distance associated therewith also simplifies the design of the pouring device. As soon as the intermediate container is completely filled, it is raised to the height of the cab roof with the help of the moving device and its contents are conveyed through the emptying means into the collecting container behind the cab and filled there. If the intermediate container is still in its emptying position, the refuse collection vehicle can already drive to the next pick-up location, where the intermediate container is then moved back into its pick-up position close to the ground via the moving device. With the arrangement of intermediate containers which can be moved independently of one another, a movement device is assigned to each. The overall arrangement is such that the prescribed clearance profile of the vehicle is not exceeded when the intermediate container is raised, so that the vehicle can be driven in normal road traffic with the intermediate container raised.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention it is provided that the intermediate container is connected to at least one device for handling the waste collection containers to be emptied therein. Depending on the design and / or arrangement of the intermediate container on the vehicle, conventional pouring devices can be used, such as those used for handling household collection vessels with a volume between 50 and 240 l and / or for handling large collection vessels with a capacity of 1 up to 2m³ can be used. While it is fundamentally possible to design the intermediate container as an open container, it is expedient to construct the intermediate container in a closed construction with a filler opening that can be opened via the pouring device execution. If only one intermediate container is arranged, this can also be connected to two or more pouring devices, so that several waste collection containers can be emptied at the same time.

In an advantageous embodiment it is provided that the intermediate container has a discharge opening which is separate from the filling opening and which is connected to the filling opening of the collecting container at least during the emptying process and that the intermediate container has a discharge device acting in the direction of the discharge opening. The bottom is preferably designed as a means for emptying in the form of a discharge device. This leads to a compact design and an easily controllable material flow during discharge.

In one embodiment it is provided that the discharge device forming the bottom is formed by at least one drivable horizontal conveyor. In one configuration, this can be carried out in the form of at least one endless conveyor belt. In another embodiment, this can be done by a moving floor conveyor. In particular in the case of the design as an endless conveyor belt, it is expedient if the discharge device as a whole, that is to say the bottom of the intermediate container, is slidably mounted on the intermediate container from a rest position into a working position. In the rest position, the discharge device can be pressed tightly against the side walls of the intermediate container. For the emptying process, the discharge device is then moved at a short distance from the intermediate container and then moved in the direction of the collecting container. In the rest position, the intermediate container can be moved freely at a short distance from the moving device during the lift to the height of the cab roof. By moving it against the collection container at the start of the emptying process, the discharge and discharge conditions become clear when the waste to be emptied is handed over an intermediate conveyor or directly into the collection container cheaper. In an expedient further embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the emptying opening of the intermediate container and / or the filling opening of the collecting container can be closed. This makes it possible to form the intermediate container closed except for the openings mentioned.

In an embodiment of the invention it is provided that the intermediate container is subdivided into at least two partial intermediate containers and that each partial intermediate container is assigned an emptying opening. In particular, in the case of a collection container subdivided according to the invention, this already allows sorted discharge into the intermediate intermediate containers, for example via special collection vessels. Each intermediate container can be connected to its own pouring device for the waste collection containers. It is also possible to provide two separate intermediate intermediate containers as intermediate containers, which is particularly advantageous in embodiments with a moving device for the intermediate container. Each sub-intermediate container is then assigned its own moving device so that each sub-intermediate container can be moved independently of the other.

In an expedient embodiment it is provided that at least a part of the partial containers is detachably connected to one another when the collecting container is divided. This has the advantage that, for example, household waste, which form the main part, is thrown into a larger basic container, which can also form the supporting body for the detachable partial containers. Hazardous waste can then be disposed of in the sub-bins. For example, a large hospital or a remote health clinic can be served with just one disposal trip. The sub-containers with the special waste can then be disposed of separately from normal waste without any reloading. In this way, glass or paper can also be sorted away with the household waste be provided if it is provided in a pre-sorted manner. With a corresponding design of the moving device, the intermediate container can then move to the individual sub-containers of the collecting container in a targeted manner by means of a corresponding control for emptying.

In an advantageous embodiment of the invention it is further provided that at least one wall part oriented transversely to the longitudinal axis of the collecting container is designed to be displaceable in the longitudinal direction of the container and is connected to a preferably hydraulically actuated pressing device which acts on the displaceable wall part. The wall part can be formed by a container wall, but also by a press plate which bears against a container wall. The arrangement on the front wall of the cab has the advantage of considerable weight savings for the container, since the pressing device itself can be arranged on the vehicle, so that no hydraulic components have to be provided for compacting the waste on the collecting container and, accordingly, the entire pressure supply is permanently installed on the vehicle can. On the displaceable wall part of the collecting container on the one hand and on the pressing device, which is formed, for example, by a preferably telescopic hydraulic device, on the other hand, a separable coupling is to be provided in the case of a detachable design of the collecting container, which in operation provides the forward and return stroke required for compression Front wall allowed. This also has the advantage that relatively small refuse collection vehicles can be used, which can also be moved in narrow streets. For this particular application, the arrangement of the intermediate container and its filling via the front area of the vehicle is advantageous because of the better monitoring. The filled collection containers can then still be parked by the waste collection vehicle within its area of use and replaced by a new, empty container, so that only the disposal area can be traveled by for the waste collection vehicle with its operating team is. The filled collection containers can then be transported off the road by other vehicles which are also capable of transporting several such collection containers, or else can be carried out via the rail network to more distant landfills. It is important that the waste does not have to be reloaded, but that the filled containers are only put down and then taken up again for transport. Depending on their size, the transport vehicles can then not only transport one or more such collection containers, but can also be driven with a trailer that can be loaded with collection containers. The arrangement can also be designed so that the pressing device is arranged in or on the collecting container, so that only one coupling is to be provided for the pressure supply. It is expedient if the collecting container is provided with extendable floor supports. This makes it possible to use conventional trucks, which are set up for operation with so-called interchangeable bodies, for the transport of the collection containers described above, with the connection elements on the collection container being configured accordingly. This has the advantage that vehicles designed for the transport of the filled and emptied collection containers can be used for pure road traffic. If the waste is driven to a waste incineration plant, for example, the collecting container can be placed there on a tipping device, emptied and picked up again by the transport vehicle.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention it is provided that the moving device for the intermediate container is formed by a lifting device arranged in the front area of the driver's cab for an essentially vertical lifting movement and that at least one conveying means is arranged above the driver's cab, which extends into the area of the filling opening extends of the collecting container and in the raised position of the intermediate container from the discharge device with the filling material to be discharged is beatable. This arrangement has the advantage that only a vertical movement is required for emptying the intermediate container and that for emptying the distance between the intermediate container, which is still in the raised position in front of the driver's cab, and the filling opening of the collecting container behind the driver's cab for the emptying process in a simple manner is bridged. The funding above the cab can be formed, for example, by a so-called moving floor conveyor, which should only be provided, however, because of the overall dimensions, in particular the height of the cab roof, in relation to the filling opening of the collecting container, a horizontal orientation or downward inclination of the moving floor conveyor towards the collecting container is possible is.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, however, it is provided that the conveying means is formed by at least one drivable endless conveyor belt. Such an endless conveyor belt, which can also be subdivided into several parallel individual conveyor belts lying next to one another and which, according to the dimensions of the discharge device of the intermediate container, extends essentially over the width of the driver's cab, in contrast to a moving floor conveyor, also permits increasing conveyance. This has the advantage that the intermediate container with the discharge end of its discharge device only needs to be raised approximately to the upper edge of the driver's cab and that the remaining height difference is bridged up to the filling opening of the collecting container by the endless conveyor belt arranged above the driver's cab. Since waste also contains rolling components, it is expedient here if the conveying surface of the conveyor belt is provided with projections, knobs or webs.

In an expedient embodiment, it is also provided that the conveying means is connected to the vehicle so as to be displaceable and lockable. This arrangement has the advantage that, on the one hand, the stroke is completely free during the lifting movement of the intermediate container and that, after the end of the stroke, the receiving means can then be pushed with its receiving end under the discharge end of the discharge device of the intermediate container. This results in a large overlap of the discharge end of the discharge device and the receiving end of the conveying means, so that a perfect transfer of the waste discharged from the intermediate container to the conveying means is ensured. As soon as the intermediate container is to be lowered, the conveying means is shifted again against the collecting container above the driver's cab, so that the lifting path for the intermediate container is free again. On the other hand, for the placement of a full collecting container and for receiving an empty collecting container on the vehicle, the conveying means can be moved forward so that the space required for changing a collecting container is available.

In a further embodiment it is provided that in the arrangement of an intermediate container subdivided into at least two intermediate intermediate containers, a conveying means extending over the width of the intermediate container is provided, preferably in the form of an endless conveyor belt, the conveying section of which, according to the division of the intermediate container, is provided with at least one separating web running in the conveying direction that extends beyond the end of the throw. As a result, even with a vehicle for sorting waste collection, that is to say with a divided intermediate container and a correspondingly divided collecting container, it is possible to carry out the transfer of the waste from the intermediate container into the collecting container without mixing, with only one means of conveyance and accordingly also only one drive.

In an expedient embodiment of the invention, it is further provided that the conveying means is provided with a cover which extends on the feed side at least to the region of the intermediate container and on the discharge side to at least the filling opening of the collecting container. This results in practically an "encapsulated" funding, the cover of which is connected with its ends to the intermediate container on the one hand and to the filling opening of the collecting container on the other hand largely dust-tight, so that there is a perfect emptying of the intermediate container without stressing the environment.

In an expedient embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the collecting container has the filling opening in the upper region on its front side facing the driver's cab and that the conveying means projects through this filling opening. This configuration allows the use of particularly large collecting containers, the height of which extends to the upper limit of the permissible clearance profile, so that full use of the available space is possible. The arrangement of a low-lying driver's cab in conjunction with a conveying means oriented obliquely from bottom to top against the filling opening of the collecting container also provides the possibility of providing large-volume intermediate containers in terms of height. In an expedient embodiment of the invention, it is provided here that the wall part designed as a sliding plate has a window-like opening which corresponds to the filling opening and which is provided with a closure flap which can be swiveled inwards. This arrangement makes it possible either to design the end face itself as a thrust plate or to provide the thrust plate as a separate component in the container, which can then extend over the entire container height and the entire container width. In the case of a longitudinal division of the collecting container into at least two chambers, in this embodiment there are separate push plates each with one provide window-like opening. The closure flap can either be raised by the end of the conveying means inserted into the opening or else by its own drive means. During the pressing process, the closure flap then automatically lies down in front of the window-like opening. In another embodiment of the invention it is provided that the collecting container has at the end facing the driver's cab in the ceiling area the filling opening which is provided with a flap which can be swiveled up towards the rear end of the container and that the conveying means with the end of its cover on the ejection side has the filling opening with the swung up Flap covered. This configuration represents a particularly simple construction for both the collecting container and the conveying means. This configuration is particularly advantageous when a longitudinally divided collecting container is used for collecting sorted waste. Since here the conveyance arranged above the driver's cab does not have to be introduced into the individual chambers of the collecting container, but the waste can fall into the individual chambers of the collecting container from above through the filling opening, this offers the possibility of using only one conveyor belt as the means of conveyance Conveying area is only divided by appropriate dividers. In an expedient embodiment of the invention, the cover is designed so that it can be swiveled up with its end covering the collecting container for a change of the collecting container.

In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the moving device for the intermediate container is formed by a lifting device arranged in the front area of the driver's cab for a substantially vertical lifting movement and a drive device for a substantially horizontal movement, preferably a longitudinal movement, above the driver's cab. by means of which the intermediate container can be moved back and forth above the driver's cab from its raised front position by means of a guide into an emptying position on the collecting container. These Design is particularly advantageous if the collecting container and / or the intermediate container are divided into several subspaces. The intermediate container can then approach the assigned filling opening of the collecting container in a targeted manner. The guide can be designed in such a way that one section is arranged above the driver's cab and firmly connected to the chassis and the other section is firmly connected to the collecting container. This advantage also exists if the intermediate container is subdivided into at least two partial intermediate containers which can be moved independently of one another.

This embodiment has the advantage that the movement of the intermediate container is composed only of a substantially vertically extending lifting component and a movement component extending in a substantially horizontal plane, so that, in contrast to the swivel arms of the known overhead loader, at no time during the movement of the intermediate container the prescribed clearance profile is exceeded. This makes it possible to perform all functions without any obstructions, even in gate entrances, under tram overhead lines or under trees. The lifting device can be formed, for example, by a carriage that can be moved up and down essentially vertically in front of the driver's cab with the aid of a lifting drive, or else by means of correspondingly arranged swivel levers that raise the intermediate container only up to the level of the horizontal movement plane. In this case, it can also be expedient to provide a slide design for the basic movement of the lifting device and, with regard to the greatest possible ground clearance, to carry out the final movement when the intermediate container is lowered in the floor area by means of swivel levers. The movement in the horizontal plane can be carried out by a swiveling movement, by means of which the intermediate container is swiveled about a vertical axis directly into its emptying position, possibly even shifted after swiveling, or by one to the Subsequent sliding movement to the emptying position.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention it is provided that drive means are provided which move the intermediate container on the guide into the emptying position on the collecting container and back into the raised position. This arrangement has the advantage that despite the relative mobility of the intermediate container on the guide of the latter via the drive means, for example horizontally acting hydraulic cylinders, revolving endless chains or a driven carriage receiving the intermediate container, it remains detectably connected to the refuse collection vehicle in the direction of movement. In this case, the intermediate container can be guided with its underside resting on the guides or, with corresponding connecting means, with its top or hanging laterally on the guides.

In a further embodiment of the invention it is provided that the emptying opening of the intermediate container is provided with a lockable closure flap, and that actuating means for releasing the locking and / or opening the closure flap are arranged on the guide in the region of the emptying position at the associated filling opening of the collecting container. This arrangement has the advantage that the actuating means, preferably hydraulic cylinders, can be arranged on the fixed parts of the guide, so that no energy supply lines can be brought to the intermediate container. The further advantage is that the intermediate container can be replaced in a simple manner for maintenance purposes, for example for maintenance of the closure formed, for example, by flaps, without pressure lines having to be released here. In the case of an intermediate container subdivided into a plurality of partial containers, each partial container has a corresponding closure which can only be opened at the associated filling opening of the collecting container.

In an expedient embodiment of the invention, it is provided for the intermediate container that the emptying opening of the intermediate container is arranged at the rear end thereof and that a discharge device movable against the emptying opening is arranged in the intermediate container as a means for emptying. This configuration of the intermediate container can be provided both in the case of an intermediate container which can only be raised to the height of the driver's cab and which is emptied onto the conveying means, and also in the case of an intermediate container which can be moved via the moving device up to the collecting container. Depending on the design of the intermediate container, the discharge device can also be used to partially compact the waste in the intermediate container. For emptying, the waste is then pushed out through the discharge opening through the discharge device. The discharge device in the sense of the invention is both a movable push plate, as well as a rolling or scraper floor or a so-called push rod floor in the intermediate container. It is primarily important that the waste quantities falling into the intermediate container are moved to its emptying opening.

In a further embodiment of the invention it is provided that the intermediate container is exchangeably connected to the moving device. This arrangement has the advantage that intermediate containers of this type can also be used as large-volume waste collection containers, for example for hazardous or bulky waste, so that the waste collection vehicle only picks up the parked intermediate container, empties it into the collecting container of the vehicle and sets it down again at the receiving point.

• Fig. 1 eine erste Ausführungsform für ein Abfallsammelfahrzeug mit in Füllstellung abgesenktem Zwischen­behälter,
• Fig. 2 die Ausführungeform gem. Fig. 1 mit in die Entleerungsstellung angehobenem Zwischenbehälter,
• Fig. 3 eine andere Ausführungsform, die auch für längsgeteilte Sammelbehälter ein­setzbar ist,
• Fig. 4 einen Schnitt gem. der Linie IV-IV in Fig. 3 für ei-ne Ausführungsform mit längsgeteiltem Sammelbehälter,
• Fig. 5 und 6 in einer Seitenansicht und einer Auf­sicht eine Ausführungsform mit heb- und horizontal schwenkbarem Zwischen­behälter,
• Fig. 7 eine Ausführungsform mit verfahrbarem Zwischenbehälter und mehrfach quer­unterteiltem Sammelbehälter,
• Fig. 8 eine schematische Seitenansicht einer Hubeinrichtung für den Zwischenbehälter.

The invention is explained in more detail with reference to schematic drawings of exemplary embodiments. Show it:

• 1 shows a first embodiment for a refuse collection vehicle with the intermediate container lowered in the filling position,
• Fig. 2 shows the execution form. 1 with the intermediate container raised in the emptying position,
• 3 shows another embodiment which can also be used for longitudinally divided collecting containers,
• Fig. 4 shows a section. the line IV-IV in Fig. 3 for an embodiment with a longitudinally divided collecting container,
• 5 and 6 in a side view and a plan view of an embodiment with lifting and horizontally pivotable intermediate container,
• 7 shows an embodiment with a movable intermediate container and multiple cross-divided collecting container,
• Fig. 8 is a schematic side view of a lifting device for the intermediate container.

1 shows an embodiment for a refuse collection vehicle which is designed for operation with swap bodies. In this case, a collecting container 2 is detachably fastened to the chassis 1, for example via a conventional bayonet screw connection 3. The rear of the collecting container 2 is designed as an emptying opening and therefore has a hinged rear wall 4. In the illustrated embodiment, the rear wall 4 can be opened upwards and held in the closed position by a lock 5. At the driver's cab 1 'facing the end wall of the pool holder 2, a press plate 7 is arranged and guided displaceably in the container longitudinal direction in the collecting container 2. In the illustrated embodiment, the press shield 7 is provided with a window-like opening 8 in the upper region, which can be closed with a closure flap 9 which can be swiveled inwards. The press shield 7 is connected to a press device 10, for example a telescopic hydraulic cylinder, the arrangement of which is only indicated schematically here. The press shield covers approximately the entire cross-section of the container. In its end position on the end wall and when the closure flap 9 is open, the collecting container 2 has a filling opening 11 in the upper region which can be closed by the closure flap 9. The closure flap 9 can be provided with its own drive means or, as described in more detail below, can be pushed on from the outside. When the press plate is actuated, the closure flap 9 lies in front of the opening 8, so that no waste can fall into the space formed behind the press plate during the pressing process.

In front of the cab 1 ', a moving device 12 is arranged, via which an intermediate container 13 in front of the cab from a filling position close to the ground, as shown in Fig. 1, can be raised so far that its floor is approximately at the level of the roof of the cab 1 'Is as shown in Fig. 2. The moving device can be formed, for example, by a lifting frame which can be moved up and down on vertical lifting guides 14 by means of corresponding drive means, hydraulic cylinders, revolving chains or the like.

The intermediate container 13 is provided in the illustrated embodiment with an upper fill opening 15 and has on its wall 1 'facing the cab an emptying opening 16 which closes via a flap 17 is. On the front of the intermediate container 13, a device 18 for waste containers 18 'to be emptied into the intermediate container 13 is arranged in the form of a so-called pouring device.

Several, preferably two pouring devices can also be arranged side by side, which can be actuated independently of one another, so that two waste collection containers can be emptied simultaneously.

The bottom of the intermediate container 13 is designed as a discharge device 19. In the illustrated embodiment, an endless conveyor belt is provided as the discharge device 19. The frame carrying the discharge device 19, not shown here, is connected to the intermediate container 13 so as to be displaceable in the direction of the arrow 20. The sliding movement can be carried out via hydraulic cylinders or similar drive means, not shown here. The shift takes place from the rest position shown in FIG. 1 to the emptying position shown in FIG. 2, which will be described in more detail below. In the rest position shown in FIG. 1, the endless conveyor belt forming the discharge device 19 is expediently pressed against the edges of the side walls of the intermediate container 13.

Above the cab 1 'is a conveyor 21, in the illustrated embodiment also in the form of an endless conveyor belt, which is also dimensioned in accordance with the substantially across the width of the vehicle intermediate container 13 in a corresponding width. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the conveying means 21 is also slidably connected to the vehicle, as is indicated by the double arrow 22. The conveyor 21 designed as an endless conveyor belt is in the usual way with sides not shown here provided walls so that the material to be conveyed cannot fall off to the side. The side walls can either be fixedly connected to the support frame, not shown here, or they can also be connected directly to the conveyor belt as upstanding webs made of an elastic material. The receiving end 23 of the conveyor 21 is located on the front of the cab, while the discharge end 24 of the conveyor 21 protrudes through the filling opening 11 of the intermediate container 2 and the window-like opening 8 of the press plate 7. The funding 21 is covered by a cover 25, which is designed so that it encapsulates the funding 21 to the side and upwards and with its end facing the collecting container 2 forms a tight seal with the filling opening 11 of the collecting container 2.

Now that the intermediate container 13 has been filled by emptying the waste collection containers 18 provided, the filling opening 15 being largely kept free by actuating the discharge device forming the bottom against the closed flap 17, as can be seen in FIG. 2, the intermediate container 13 raised above the moving device 12. In this raised position, the discharge device 19 is now advanced against the driver's cab and at the same time the conveyor 21 is advanced with its receiving end 23 below the discharge end 26 of the discharge device 19. Then the conveying means 21 is first set in motion, the flap 17 of the intermediate container 13 is opened and then the discharge device 19 is put into operation, so that the contents of the intermediate container 13 are dropped into the collecting container 2. After the intermediate container 13 has been emptied, the discharge device 19 and the conveying means 21 are withdrawn and then the intermediate container 13 is lowered into the filling position near the ground.

The vehicle can travel from house to house on its collective journey can also be driven with the intermediate container lowered. The resulting certain visual impairment for the driver is compensated for by the fact that the remaining operating personnel usually walk in front of the vehicle in this process.

For longer journeys, for example when traveling from the vehicle fleet to the respective emptying district or when traveling from the emptying district to the place where the collecting containers 2 are replaced, the intermediate container 13 is moved into the raised position shown in FIG. 2, so that the driver has a clear view. Since the arrangement of the conveying means 21 between the intermediate container 13 and the collecting container 2 largely leaves freedom with regard to the length dimensions for the driver's cab, a further advantage of such an embodiment is shown here. On longer journeys, such as occur in scattered settlements, the driver's cab can be equipped with a second bench so that the operating personnel can get into the driver's cab.

An embodiment is shown in FIG. 3, which shows a somewhat simpler construction for the collecting container 2. The arrangement and actuation of the intermediate container 13 essentially corresponds to the embodiment described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. Likewise, the arrangement and function of the conveyor 21. The intermediate container 13 and the conveyor 21 are shown in the emptying position. In this embodiment, the filling opening 11 of the collecting container 2 is arranged in the ceiling area thereof, so that the waste can be thrown into the collecting container 2 from above by the conveying means 21, as shown. The filling opening 11 can be closed with a closure flap 27. The cover 25 of the conveyor 21 is designed so that it extends over the filler opening 11 with its flap 27 and covers it upwards. The cover is divided here so that the one above the filling opening 11 of the collecting container 2 lying part 25 'can be pivoted up when setting down or receiving a collecting container 2, so that here the necessary free space for the movements are available. The intermediate container 13 is also connected in a sealed manner to the cover hood 25.

Based on the embodiment. Fig. 3 is below in connection with the sectional view. Fig. 4 describes an embodiment of such a waste collection vehicle, which allows the collection of pre-sorted waste.

In Fig. 4, a collecting container 2 is shown, which is divided either by the dash-dotted walls 28 in the longitudinal direction into three chambers, in each of which a separate press plate 7 is moved. Instead of dividing a container by partitions 28 into three chambers, it is also possible to provide three correspondingly narrow partial containers that can be detached from one another.

In such a form of use, the intermediate container 13 is then likewise divided into three partial containers by intermediate walls and provided with three fillings, so that the various types of waste can be dropped into the partial intermediate containers. This is not shown in more detail in FIG. 3. Nevertheless, a discharge device in the form of an endless belt extending over the entire width of the intermediate container can be provided, since the different types of waste remain separated by the intermediate walls.

The conveying means 21 can also, as can be seen from FIG. 4, be formed by a wide endless conveyor belt. For this purpose, it is only necessary to provide corresponding intermediate webs 30 in addition to the side webs 29 which are present anyway and which are located just above the transport surface of the endless conveyor bandes ends. Both in the region of the receiving end and in the region of the discharge end of the conveying means 21, the intermediate webs 30 must protrude accordingly far, so that in each case during the transfer from the discharge device 19 to the conveying means 21 or from the conveying means 21 into the partial containers 2a, 2b and 2c, the pre-sorted waste is not mixed again.

From the above, however, it can be easily seen that the embodiment according to. Fig. 3 can also be used without further ado with an undivided collecting container and undivided intermediate container, ie only for one type of waste or for unsorted waste.

In Fig. 5 is a side view compared to the embodiment according. Fig. 2 shows a modified design. The lifting device 12 'consists essentially of an approximately centrally arranged in front of the vehicle lifting column 14'; the intermediate container 13 is connected to the lifting column 14 'in such a way that it can first be raised in the manner described above with its floor level up over the roof of the cab 1'. In this position the intermediate container 13 can then be pivoted about the vertical axis of the lifting column against the collecting container 2, as can be seen from FIGS. 5 and 6. In the illustrated embodiment, the intermediate container 13 is designed so that it is accessible from the roadside, which is indicated by the arrows and the schematically shown pouring devices. In this embodiment, the emptying opening 16 is located on the end face (based on the filling position near the ground), so that after the intermediate container 13 has been raised and pivoted, it is turned towards a filling opening 11 arranged on the collecting container 2. If, as described above with reference to FIG. 1, the bottom of the intermediate container 13 is formed as a horizontally displaceable discharge device 19, for example in the form of a Endless conveyor belt, then after the pivoting of the intermediate container, the discharge device with its discharge end 24 can be inserted into the filling opening of the collecting container, so that the filling material can be introduced directly from the intermediate container into the collecting container. The discharge device 19 can be designed so that it has two lateral boundary webs 19 ', which encompass the intermediate container 13 on the outside, so that when the intermediate container 13 is emptied, no filling material can fall down laterally.

The discharge device 19 forming the bottom of the intermediate container 13 can, however, also be firmly connected to the container in this embodiment. In this case, according to the embodiment. Fig. 1 or Fig. 3 above the roof of the cab 1 'to provide an additional, horizontally displaceable funding that causes the transfer of the product emerging from the intermediate container 13 into the collecting container 2.

In Fig. 7 a modification is shown in which the intermediate container 13 is releasably held on a lifting frame 31 and can be moved via drive means, not shown, via a guide 32 above the cab 1 'and arranged on the collecting container 2 guides 33. In this embodiment, the collecting container 2 is again divided into partial containers by transverse walls 34, which can be emptied via corresponding side flaps, bottom flaps or the like. The filling openings 11 'of the partial container are closed on the top with flaps 35 which can be opened, for example, by actuating means which are connected to the movable intermediate container 13. The subdivision of the collecting container 2, which is only shown schematically here, is expediently carried out in such a way that, based on experience, the smaller quantities of waste are thrown into the front, smaller partial containers the while the main amount, usually household waste, is thrown into the larger part of the container at the end of the container, so that it can be emptied via an openable rear wall 4 as before. In this exemplary embodiment, too, it is expedient if the intermediate container 13 is also subdivided into partial containers in accordance with the intended fractions of the pre-sorting, but each of which must be assigned a separate discharge device 19 with its own drive, so that when the assigned partial container is reached, the associated intermediate intermediate container is also targeted can be emptied.

As indicated by dash-dotted lines, a cover 25 'can extend substantially over the entire length of the vehicle. Here, the guides for the intermediate container can also be attached to the cover. It is expedient if a movable cover plate 26 is arranged on the guides, against which the intermediate container is pressed in its upper position by the lifting device. This is particularly advantageous for intermediate containers that are completely open at the top. These are then closed by the cover plate for the travel process. The cover plate also serves as a moving device for the horizontal movement and is accordingly provided with releasable coupling means for coupling and uncoupling the intermediate container in the area of the lifting device.

In all of the illustrated embodiments, there is the advantage that the transfer area can be closed in a practically dust-tight manner. This applies on the one hand to the filling opening 15 on the intermediate container 13, which can be provided in a known manner with a flap which can be actuated by the pouring device 18, the intermediate container being otherwise closed. On the other hand, with a correspondingly sealed connection of the emptying opening 17 of the intermediate container 13 to the cover 25, even when the intermediate container is emptied when the waste is transferred to the Funding 21 the escape of dust can be practically avoided. This also applies to the connection of the cover to the filling opening 11 of the collecting container 2.

The cover 25 is expediently tubular, so that the underside of the conveying means 21 (FIGS. 1 to 3) or the guides 32 (FIG. 7) is also enclosed.

Both the discharge device 19 forming the bottom of the intermediate container 13 and the conveying means 21 are expediently closed on the underside of the tub and provided with a drain so that mostly small amounts of liquid emerging from the waste can be collected and disposed of. On the intermediate container 13, the trough-like end is designed so that it engages around the side walls on the outside. This also makes subsequent cleaning easier.

The trough-like closure of the underside is suitable for an endless conveyor belt as well as for a moving floor or pendulum floor conveyor, which has several beam-shaped floor segments aligned in the direction of conveyance, all of which are advanced to the discharge opening during the conveying process, and are withdrawn one after the other in partial groups for the return phase. The same effect can also be achieved if, alternatively, part of the base segments is raised slightly and moved in the discharge direction while the other part is withdrawn. At the next working stroke, the process is reversed.

In the embodiments acc. Fig. 1, 2, 3, 5, 6 and 7 can be used for lifting and lowering the intermediate container 13 in front of the cab 1 ', a lifting device, as is known from forklifts. As shown schematically in FIG. 8, such a lifting device has at least one hydraulic cylinder 38, in which a roller 40 is arranged at the free end of the piston rod 39. About this role a link chain 41 is guided, which is fastened with one end 42 in the lower region of the vehicle and with its other end 43 to the intermediate container 13, so that when the piston rod is extended, the intermediate container moves vertically upward from the filling position in the bottom region into the upper position becomes as shown in Fig. 2. In Fig. 8 only the substructure of the intermediate container is indicated schematically.

Claims (33)

1.Waste collection vehicle which has a collection container which is preferably detachably arranged behind an operating platform, in particular behind a driver's cab of a motor vehicle, which has a filling arranged in the upper region and at least one wall part which can be opened for emptying, preferably an end wall, and which has means for compacting the in the waste container filled with waste is provided, characterized in that at least one intermediate container (13) for receiving the waste from waste collection containers (18) is arranged in the front area of the driver's cab (1 '), said container having means for emptying its contents into the top filling of the collection container (2) is connected and that with the vehicle (1) a moving device (12) for the intermediate container (13) is connected, which moves it from its filling position in the floor area in front of the cab to at least one level above the cab. 2. Waste collection vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the intermediate container (13) with at least one device (18) for handling the waste collection vessels (18 ') to be emptied therein is in communication. 3. Refuse collection vehicle according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the intermediate container (13) has at least one emptying opening which is separate from its filling opening and which is at least in connection with a filling opening (11) of the collecting container (2) during the emptying process and that the intermediate container ( 13) has at least one discharge device (19) acting in the direction of the emptying opening. 4. Waste collection vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the discharge device (19) forming the bottom of the intermediate container (13) is formed by a drivable horizontal conveyor. 5. Waste collection vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the horizontal conveyor is formed by at least one endless conveyor belt. 6. Waste collection vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the horizontal conveyor (19) is formed by a moving floor conveyor. 7. Waste collection vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the discharge device (19) as a whole on the intermediate container (13) is slidably mounted from a rest position into a working position. 8. Waste collection vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the emptying opening of the intermediate container (13) and / or the filling opening (11) of the collecting container (2) can be closed. 9. Waste collection vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the intermediate container (13) is divided into at least two intermediate intermediate containers and each partial intermediate container is assigned an emptying opening. 10. Waste collection vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that at least one wall part (7) aligned transversely to the longitudinal axis of the collection container (2) is designed to be displaceable in the longitudinal direction of the container and is connected to a preferably hydraulically actuated pressing device (10) acts on the displaceable wall part (7) of the collecting container (2). 11. Waste collection vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the collecting container (2) is divided into at least two partial containers (2a, b, c) and that the container subspaces are each provided with a filling (11). 12. Waste collection vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that at least a part of the sub-container (2a, b, c) is detachably connected to the vehicle (1). 13. Refuse collection vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the collecting container (2) is divided in the longitudinal direction into at least two partial containers (2a, bc) and that each container sub-space has a press plate, each opposite the openable wall part of the collecting container ( 2) is arranged. 14. Refuse collection vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the moving device (12) for the intermediate container (13) by a in the front region of the cab (1 ') arranged lifting device for a substantially vertical lifting movement is formed and that above Driver's cab (1 ') at least one conveyor (21) is arranged, which extends into the area of the filling opening (11, 8) of the collecting container (2) and in the raised position of the intermediate container (13) with its discharge device (19) the filling material to be discharged can be acted upon. 15. Waste collection vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the conveying means (21) is formed by a moving floor conveyor. 16. Waste collection vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the conveying means (21) is formed by at least one drivable endless conveyor belt. 17. Refuse collection vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the conveying means (21) above the driver's cab (1 ') is connected to the vehicle (1) so as to be displaceable and lockable. 18. Waste collection vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that in the working position the discharge end (24) of the conveying means (21) extends beyond the fill opening (11) of the collection container (2). 19. Waste collection vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that in the arrangement of an intermediate container (13) divided into at least two intermediate containers, a conveyor means (21) extending over the width of the intermediate container (13), preferably in the form of an endless conveyor belt, is provided whose conveying strand is provided with at least one separating web (30) which extends in the conveying direction and which extends beyond the discharge end (24) in accordance with the division of the intermediate container (13). 20. Waste collection vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 19, characterized in that the conveying means (21) is provided with a cover (25) which is on the input side at least up to the region of the intermediate container (13) and on the discharge side up to at least the filling opening ( 11) of the collecting container (2) extends. 21. Refuse collection vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 20, characterized in that the collecting container (2) on its front side facing the driver's cab (1 ') has the filling opening (11) in the upper region and that the conveying means (21) through this filling opening ( 11) protrudes. 22. Garbage collection vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 21, characterized in that the wall part designed as a push plate (7) displaceably has a window-like opening (8) corresponding to the filling opening (11), which with an inward pivoting closure flap (9) is provided. 23. Waste collection vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 22, characterized in that the collecting container (2) at its end facing the driver's cab (1 ') has the filling opening (11) in the ceiling area, which has a flap (27 ) is provided and that the conveying means (21) covers the filling opening (11) with the swung-up cover flap (27) of the collecting container (2) with the discharge-side end of its cover (25). 24. Waste collection vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 23, characterized in that the cover (25) with its end covering the collection container (2) is designed to be pivoted up for a change of the collection container (2). 25. Waste collection vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 24, characterized in that the displacement device (12) for the intermediate container (13) by a lifting device arranged in the front area of the driver's cab (1 ') for a substantially vertical lifting movement and a drive device for one Above the cab (1 ') essentially horizontal movement, preferably a longitudinal movement is formed, through which the intermediate container (13) above the cab (1') from its raised front position by means of a guide (32,33,35) in an emptying position can be moved back and forth on the collecting container (2). 26. Waste collection vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 25, characterized in that the guide (32, 33) for horizontal movement of the intermediate container (13) extends into the region of the filling opening (11) on the collecting container (2). 27. Refuse collection vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 26, characterized in that drive means are provided which move the intermediate container (13) on the guide (32, 33) into the emptying position on the collection container (2) and back into the raised front position. 28. Waste collection vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 27, characterized in that the emptying opening of the intermediate container (13) is provided with a lockable closure flap (17) and that on the guide (32, 33) in the region of the emptying position at the associated filling opening of the Collection container (2) actuating means for releasing the lock and / or for opening the closure flap (17) are arranged. 29. Waste collection vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 28, characterized in that the emptying opening of the intermediate container (13) is arranged at the rear end thereof and a slide device movable against the emptying opening is provided as means for emptying. 30. Waste collection vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 29, characterized in that the intermediate container (13) is interchangeably connected to the moving device (19). 31. Waste collection vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 30, characterized in that a pressure plate (36) which is movable on the horizontal guide (32, 33) and which closes the top of the intermediate container (13) in the raised position is preferably arranged when the intermediate container is open. 32. Waste collection vehicle according to claim 31, characterized in that the pressure plate (36) is designed as a driving device for the horizontal movement of the intermediate container and is provided with releasable connecting means for coupling the intermediate container. 33. Waste collection vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 32, characterized in that the discharge device (19) forming the bottom of the intermediate container (13) and / or the conveying means (21 ') arranged above the driver's cab (1') is closed on its underside like a tub and is provided with a drain.

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