EP0109905B1 - Apparatus for bending tubes - Google Patents

Apparatus for bending tubes Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0109905B1
EP0109905B1 EP19830402217 EP83402217A EP0109905B1 EP 0109905 B1 EP0109905 B1 EP 0109905B1 EP 19830402217 EP19830402217 EP 19830402217 EP 83402217 A EP83402217 A EP 83402217A EP 0109905 B1 EP0109905 B1 EP 0109905B1
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Prior art keywords
tube
roller
bending
bent
axis
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EP19830402217
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0109905A1 (en
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Paul Jestin
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Individual
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Individual
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D7/00—Bending rods, profiles, or tubes
    • B21D7/08—Bending rods, profiles, or tubes by passing between rollers or through a curved die

Definitions

  • the hydraulic brake control lines consist of relatively rigid sections of tubes, but having a certain malleability, comprising rectilinear parts connected by curved parts; these are generally left-hand pieces of which only the joint rectilinear parts are two by two in the same plane with the curved part which connects them; the ends of these tube sections are further provided with threaded connections, and shaped so that these connections cannot escape.
  • the present invention relates to a machine capable of automatically manufacturing such pipes, whatever their type, dimensions and size, provided that it is provided with all the data corresponding to the desired pipe.
  • a machine for bending tubes by means of a bending head through which the tube to be bent axially and which comprises at its front part two bending rollers with parallel axes between which said tube passes, namely an inner roller to which the tube remains constantly tangent and on which it bears during bending, and an outer roller, whose axis is rotatable around that of the inner roller, the plane containing the axes of the two rollers being perpendicular to the axis of the tube, in the inactive position of the outer roller, and means for pivoting said axis of the outer roller around that of the inner roller.
  • FR-A 2311 604 a modification of a bending head in which the two bending rollers are mounted on a pivoting lever so that one easily passes from the case where the upper roller constitutes the inner roller in the case where it constitutes the outer roller. This allows bending in different planes and directions.
  • a bending machine comprising a bending head, characterized in that, in order to allow the tube to be bent according to any radii of curvature, provided that they are equal to or greater than that of the inner roller, the axis of the outer roller is placed at a distance from that of the inner roller such that there is between it and the inner roller a space very slightly greater than the diameter of the tube to be bent, leaving a clearance of the order of 1 mm between the outer roller and the tube to be bent when said outer roller is in the inactive position, in that a guide nozzle is fixed to its front part, immediately behind the bending roller interior, so that it is traversed axially by the tube intended to be bent and that it opposes the deformation of the latter by reaction in opposite direction to that proposed by its bending around the inner roller so us the action of the outer roller and in that it further comprises means for cutting the tube once the desired pipe has been made, and other means for shaping the two ends of said pipe and adapt
  • the introduction of the clearance between the rollers, the bending has a radius of curvature which is a function of the angle at the center whose axis of the outer roller is rotated around that of the inner roller, and which decreases as it increases; one can find by calculations or by tests, on the one hand, the angle whose axis of the external roller must be rotated around that of the internal roller to obtain a bending of a tube of determined external diameter whose curve has the desired radius of curvature, and, on the other hand, the length by which the tube must be advanced, and subjected to this bending without modifying the angular position of the outer roller, so that the curved part obtained has the angle at the desired center.
  • the guide nozzle fixed to its front part, one obtains a precision in the position and the radius of the successive bends which could not be achieved with the previously known machines not comprising such a nozzle. guide.
  • the machine must of course further include means for advancing the tube to be bent along the axis of its bending head in order to obtain, first, a first straight portion of the desired length, then an equal straight length to that of the contiguous curved part to be produced with a curve having the angle at the desired center, means for pivoting the bending head around the tube by the desired angle so that its working plane is that in which it will have to be the contiguous curved part and the rectilinear part which will extend it, and means for making pivot the outer roller around the axis of the inner roller by an angle such that the curved part which it shapes by its rotation has the desired radius of curvature, said means continuing to intervene successively to produce each curved part and the part straight which extends it into the piping.
  • the machine can be fed by rolls of tubes which can be from 2000 to 3000 meters in length, for example, which has a very great advantage for the preservation in good condition of these tubes, which deteriorate when they are cut to size. 'advanced.
  • the arrangement must be such that each of these means intervenes automatically, in turn, and for the time necessary to be able to execute the desired operation, as it has been programmed.
  • the bending head shown in Figures 1 and 2 has an inner roller 1, rotatable about a fixed axis 2, and an outer roller 3, rotatable around an axis 4, which is itself pivotally mounted around the axis 2 of the inner roller 1; in the rest position shown, in which these rollers produce no bending, the line joining the axes 2 and 4 of the two rollers 1 and 3 is perpendicular to the axis of the tube 5 intended to be bent by the combined action of the two rollers 1 and 3 and which passes through said bending head.
  • the motor 6 which, by means of the bevel gears 7 and 7a and the straight gears 8, 8a and 8b, drives the outer rack 9 in translation sleeve 10, parallel to tube 5; at the front part of this sleeve 10 are articulated the rear ends of two symmetrical connecting rods 11, the front ends of which are articulated on the lower part of a part 12, forming a yoke, the wings of which are rotatably mounted on the axis 2 of the inner roller 1, and between which is mounted the axis 4 of the outer roller 3.
  • the axis 4 of the movable roller 3 is at a distance from the axis 2 of the fixed roller 1 such that there remains between these rollers a slightly larger free space than the diameter of the tube 5 leaving remain a clearance of the order of 1 mm between the outer roller 3 and the tube 5 to be bent; under these conditions, the bending of the tube 5 does not begin until the outer roller 3 comes into contact with the extension 5a of the tube 5, and ensures its bending with a radius of curvature which is a function of the angle which is made turn this outer roller 3 around the axis 2 of the inner roller 1; thus, as shown in Figure 3, when the outer roller 3 has arrived in position 3a, the straight extension of the tube 5 is first located in 5 "a; the tube 5 is tangent to the inner roller 1 and to the outer roller 3 with a curved part whose center of curvature is at 0, on the lines joining the axes 2 and 4 of the rollers 1 and 3 at the points of tangency of the tube
  • This curved part of the tube 5 is extended by its straight part 5 "a which tangents the outer roller 3; the angle at the center of this curved part is equal to that which the outer roller 3 has been pivoted about the axis 2 of the inner roller 1; if we want to increase this angle in the center, it suffices to continue advancing the tube 5 through the bending head without modifying the position of the outer roller 3, until this angle reaches l 'desired amplitude; the straight extension of the bending tube is then in position 5 "' a.
  • a guiding nozzle 37 is fixed to its front part, immediately behind the internal bending roller 1, so that it is axially traversed by the tube 5 intended to be bent and that it opposes the deformation thereof by reaction in opposite direction to that caused by its bending around the inner roller 1 under the action of the outer roller 3.
  • the plane of this bending head can be modified at will because its active part 14 on which are mounted the inner 1 and outer 3 bending rollers, is itself rotatable inside the sliding sleeve 10, which itself is held in a fixed angular position by the plate 15, sliding in the frame 16 of the bending head and engaged in a longitudinal groove 17 provided for this purpose in the sleeve 10.
  • the bending head shown further comprises a device for shearing the section of tube whose bending has just been completed; it is constituted by two knobs 21 integral in rotation with the pivoting part 14 and mounted, for this purpose, at the inner end of two pushers 22 forming yokes, sliding in corresponding radial bores 23 of the pivoting part 14; the outer edges 25 of these radial pushers 22 are inclined so as to constitute cams cooperating with the female conical surfaces 26 of the front part of the sliding annular part 27; to shear the tube 5, compressed air is made to penetrate through the orifice 28 into the free space 29 provided between the frame 16 and the rear part of the sliding annular part 27, which causes the rearward sliding of this part 27, against a return spring, and, as a result, a centripetal force exerted on the pushers forming yokes 22, the two knobs 21 of which cut the tube, in particular if the pivoting part is driven 14 rotating at high speed by means of the motor 18.
  • such a bending head 30 is mounted on the frame 31 with its three motors, 6 for controlling the pivoting of the axis 4 of the outer roller 3 around that of the inner roller 1 , the motor 18 which makes it possible to pivot the bending plane of the bending head 30 around the tube to be bent 5, and the motor 32 which drives the pairs of rollers 33 which cause the desired sliding of the tube 5 through the head of bending.
  • the machine further comprises a retractable device 33a allowing, before the beginning of the bending operations of the tube 5, to present in front of the latter, at 34, a threaded connection coming from the supply ramp 35, in a manner known per se, through which the anterior end of said tube is engaged; a suitable device then shapes the front end of this tube so that this threaded connection can no longer escape forward.
  • the rear end of the pipe section which has just been bent and separated, by shearing, from the tube of which it formed the front part, may likewise be provided with a threaded connection and be shaped so that it cannot escape backwards.

Description

Les canalisations de commande des freins hydrauliques sont constituées de tronçons de tubes relativement rigides, mais présentant une certaine malléabilité, comportant des parties rectilignes raccordées par des parties courbes; il s'agit généralement de pièces gauches dont seules les parties rectilignes conjointes sont deux à deux dans le même plan avec la partie courbe qui les relie; les extrémités de ces tronçons de tubes sont en outre munies de raccords filetés, et façonnées de façon que ces raccords ne puissent pas s'échapper.The hydraulic brake control lines consist of relatively rigid sections of tubes, but having a certain malleability, comprising rectilinear parts connected by curved parts; these are generally left-hand pieces of which only the joint rectilinear parts are two by two in the same plane with the curved part which connects them; the ends of these tube sections are further provided with threaded connections, and shaped so that these connections cannot escape.

Ces canalisations sont actuellement faites manuellement, au moyen de tronçons de tubes découpés à la longueur voulue, qui sont cintrés sur des gabarits appropriés; c'est un travail relativement pénible, manquant parfois de précision, et qui nécessite d'avoir un nombre de gabarits égal à celui des différents types de canalisations à réaliser; le moindre changement apporté à une canalisation exige la confection d'un nouveau gabarit.These pipes are currently made manually, by means of sections of tubes cut to the desired length, which are bent on suitable jigs; it is a relatively strenuous job, sometimes lacking in precision, and which requires having a number of templates equal to that of the different types of pipes to be made; the slightest change to a pipe requires the creation of a new gauge.

La présente invention a pour objet une machine susceptible de fabriquer automatiquement de telles canalisations, quels qu'en soient le type, les dimensions et le gabarit, à condition qu'on lui fournisse toutes les données correspondantes à la canalisation désirée.The present invention relates to a machine capable of automatically manufacturing such pipes, whatever their type, dimensions and size, provided that it is provided with all the data corresponding to the desired pipe.

Ces canalisations sont généralement définies dans des tableaux donnant des coordonnées x, y, z dans l'espace de leurs différents points d'épure; on appelle points d'épure d'une canalisation les points de rencontre des prolongements de chaque groupe de deux de leurs parties rectilignes conjointes réunies par une partie courbe et situées dans un même plan; ces tableaux doivent également indiquer pour chaque point d'épure le rayon de courbure et l'angle au centre de la partie courbe considérée.These pipes are generally defined in tables giving x, y, z coordinates in the space of their different sketch points; the points of the drawing of a pipe are the meeting points of the extensions of each group of two of their joint rectilinear parts joined by a curved part and situated in the same plane; these tables must also indicate for each point of sketch the radius of curvature and the angle at the center of the curved part considered.

On connaît une machine à cintrer les tubes au moyen d'une tête de cintrage à travers laquelle le tube à cintrer arrive axialement et qui comporte à sa partie antérieure deux galets de cintrage à axes parallèles entre lesquels passe ledit tube, à savoir un galet intérieur auquel le tube reste constamment tangent et sur lequel il prend appui au cours du cintrage, et un galet extérieur, dont l'axe est rotatif autour de celui du galet intérieur, le plan contenant les axes des deux galets étant perpendiculaire à l'axe du tube, en position inactive du galet extérieur, et des moyens pour faire pivoter ledit axe du galet extérieur autour de celui du galet intérieur.A machine is known for bending tubes by means of a bending head through which the tube to be bent axially and which comprises at its front part two bending rollers with parallel axes between which said tube passes, namely an inner roller to which the tube remains constantly tangent and on which it bears during bending, and an outer roller, whose axis is rotatable around that of the inner roller, the plane containing the axes of the two rollers being perpendicular to the axis of the tube, in the inactive position of the outer roller, and means for pivoting said axis of the outer roller around that of the inner roller.

Il est décrit dans FR-A 2311 604 une modification d'une tête de cintrage dans laquelle les deux galets de cintrage sont montés sur un levier pivotant de sorte que l'on passe facilement du cas où le galet supérieur constitue le galet intérieur au cas où il constitue le galet extérieur. Ceci permet de réaliser des cintrages dans des plans et des sens différents.There is described in FR-A 2311 604 a modification of a bending head in which the two bending rollers are mounted on a pivoting lever so that one easily passes from the case where the upper roller constitutes the inner roller in the case where it constitutes the outer roller. This allows bending in different planes and directions.

Toutefois, avec de tels agencements, on ne peut réaliser que des cintrages ayant un rayon de courbure égal à celui du galet intérieur et il faut donc changer celui-ci, et également le galet extérieur quand on veut obtenir un rayon de cintrage différent.However, with such arrangements, it is only possible to produce bends having a radius of curvature equal to that of the inner roller and it is therefore necessary to change the latter, and also the outer roller when it is desired to obtain a different bending radius.

On a trouvé selon l'invention que l'on pouvait réaliser des canalisations gauches en utilisant une machine de cintrage comportant une tête de cintrage, caractérisée en ce que, pour permettre de cintrer le tube suivant des rayons de courbure quelconques, pourvu qu'ils soient égaux ou supérieurs à celui du galet intérieur, l'axe du galet extérieur est disposé à une distance de celui du galet intérieur telle qu'il y ait entre lui et le galet intérieur un espace très légèrement supérieur au diamètre du tube à cintrer, laissant subsister un jeu de l'ordre de 1 mm entre le galet extérieur et le tube à cintrer quand ledit galet extérieur est en position inactive, en ce qu'une buse de guidage est fixée à sa partie antérieure, immédiatement derrière le galet de cintrage intérieur, de façon qu'elle soit traversée axialement par le tube destiné à être cintré et qu'elle s'oppose à la déformation de celui-ci par réaction en sens inverse à celle proposée par son cintrage autour du galet intérieur sous l'action du galet extérieur et en ce qu'elle comporte en outre des moyens pour tronçonner le tube une fois réalisée la canalisation voulue, et d'autres moyens pour façonner les deux extrémités de ladite canalisation et y adapter les raccords filetés classiques qu'elles doivent comporter.It has been found according to the invention that it is possible to produce left pipes using a bending machine comprising a bending head, characterized in that, in order to allow the tube to be bent according to any radii of curvature, provided that they are equal to or greater than that of the inner roller, the axis of the outer roller is placed at a distance from that of the inner roller such that there is between it and the inner roller a space very slightly greater than the diameter of the tube to be bent, leaving a clearance of the order of 1 mm between the outer roller and the tube to be bent when said outer roller is in the inactive position, in that a guide nozzle is fixed to its front part, immediately behind the bending roller interior, so that it is traversed axially by the tube intended to be bent and that it opposes the deformation of the latter by reaction in opposite direction to that proposed by its bending around the inner roller so us the action of the outer roller and in that it further comprises means for cutting the tube once the desired pipe has been made, and other means for shaping the two ends of said pipe and adapting the conventional threaded fittings which 'they must include.

Grâce à la première caractéristique, l'introduction du jeu entre les galets, le cintrage a un rayon de courbure qui est fonction de l'angle au centre dont on fait tourner l'axe du galet extérieur autour de celui du galet intérieur, et qui diminue au fur et à mesure que celui-ci augmente; on peut trouver par des calculs ou par des essais, d'une part, l'angle dont il faut faire tourner l'axe du galet extérieur autour de celui du galet intérieur pour obtenir un cintrage d'un tube de diamètre extérieur déterminé dont la courbe a le rayon de courbure désiré, et, d'autre part, la longueur dont on doit faire avancer le tube, et la soumettre à ce cintrage sans modifier la position angulaire du galet extérieur, pour que la partie courbe obtenue ait l'angle au centre désiré.Thanks to the first characteristic, the introduction of the clearance between the rollers, the bending has a radius of curvature which is a function of the angle at the center whose axis of the outer roller is rotated around that of the inner roller, and which decreases as it increases; one can find by calculations or by tests, on the one hand, the angle whose axis of the external roller must be rotated around that of the internal roller to obtain a bending of a tube of determined external diameter whose curve has the desired radius of curvature, and, on the other hand, the length by which the tube must be advanced, and subjected to this bending without modifying the angular position of the outer roller, so that the curved part obtained has the angle at the desired center.

Grâce à la seconde caractéristique de l'invention, la buse de guidage fixée à sa partie antérieure, on obtient une précision dans la position et le rayon des cintrages successifs qu'on ne pouvait atteindre avec les machines connues antérieurement ne comportant pas une telle buse de guidage.Thanks to the second characteristic of the invention, the guide nozzle fixed to its front part, one obtains a precision in the position and the radius of the successive bends which could not be achieved with the previously known machines not comprising such a nozzle. guide.

La machine doit bien entendu comporter en outre des moyens pour faire avancer le tube à cintrer suivant l'axe de sa tête de cintrage en vue d'obtenir, d'abord, une première partie rectiligne de la longueur voulue, puis une longueur rectiligne égale à celle de la partie cintrée contiguë à réaliser avec une courbe ayant l'angle au centre désiré, des moyens pour faire pivoter la tête de cintrage autour du tube de l'angle voulu pour que son plan de travail soit celui dans lequel devra se trouver la partie cintrée contiguë et la partie rectiligne qui la prolongera, et des moyens pour faire pivoter le galet extérieur autour de l'axe du galet intérieur d'un angle tel que la partie courbe qu'il façonne par sa rotation ait le rayon de courbure désiré, lesdits moyens continuant à intervenir successivement pour réaliser chaque partie courbe et-la partie rectiligne qui la prolonge dans la tuyauterie.The machine must of course further include means for advancing the tube to be bent along the axis of its bending head in order to obtain, first, a first straight portion of the desired length, then an equal straight length to that of the contiguous curved part to be produced with a curve having the angle at the desired center, means for pivoting the bending head around the tube by the desired angle so that its working plane is that in which it will have to be the contiguous curved part and the rectilinear part which will extend it, and means for making pivot the outer roller around the axis of the inner roller by an angle such that the curved part which it shapes by its rotation has the desired radius of curvature, said means continuing to intervene successively to produce each curved part and the part straight which extends it into the piping.

La machine peut être alimentée par des rouleaux de tubes qui peuvent avoir de 2000 à 3000 mètres de longueur, par exemple, ce qui présente un très grand avantage pour la conservation en bon état de ces tubes, qui se détériorent quand ils sont tronçonnés à l'avance.The machine can be fed by rolls of tubes which can be from 2000 to 3000 meters in length, for example, which has a very great advantage for the preservation in good condition of these tubes, which deteriorate when they are cut to size. 'advanced.

L'agencement doit être tel que chacun de ces moyens intervienne automatiquement, à tour de rôle, et pendant le temps nécessaire pour pouvoir exécuter l'opération désirée, telle qu'elle a été programmée.The arrangement must be such that each of these means intervenes automatically, in turn, and for the time necessary to be able to execute the desired operation, as it has been programmed.

Le dessin annexé montre à titre d'exemple un mode de réalisation d'une machine suivant la présente invention.

  • La fig. 1 est une vue, partie en coupe et partie en élévation, d'une tête de cintrage susceptible d'être utilisée dans cette machine.
  • La fig. 2 est une vue en bout avec partie en coupe.
  • La fig. 3 est un croquis explicatif.
  • La fig. 4 montre l'ensemble d'une telle machine.
The accompanying drawing shows by way of example an embodiment of a machine according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 1 is a view, partly in section and partly in elevation, of a bending head capable of being used in this machine.
  • Fig. 2 is an end view with part in section.
  • Fig. 3 is an explanatory sketch.
  • Fig. 4 shows the assembly of such a machine.

La tête de cintrage représentée aux figures 1 et 2 comporte un galet intérieur 1, rotatif autour d'un axe fixe 2, et un galet extérieur 3, rotatif autour d'un axe 4, qui est lui-même monté pivotant autour de l'axe 2 du galet intérieur 1; dans la position de repos représentée, dans laquelle ces galets ne produisent aucun cintrage, la ligne joignant les axes 2 et 4 des deux galets 1 et 3 est perpendiculaire à l'axe du tube 5 destiné à être cintré par l'action conjuguée des deux galets 1 et 3 et qui traverse ladite tête de cintrage.The bending head shown in Figures 1 and 2 has an inner roller 1, rotatable about a fixed axis 2, and an outer roller 3, rotatable around an axis 4, which is itself pivotally mounted around the axis 2 of the inner roller 1; in the rest position shown, in which these rollers produce no bending, the line joining the axes 2 and 4 of the two rollers 1 and 3 is perpendicular to the axis of the tube 5 intended to be bent by the combined action of the two rollers 1 and 3 and which passes through said bending head.

Pour cintrer ce tube au moyen des deux galets intérieur 1 et extérieur 3, on utilise le moteur 6 qui, par l'intermédiaire des pignons coniques 7 et 7a et des pignons droits 8, 8a et 8b, entraîne en translation la crémaillère extérieure 9 du manchon 10, parallèlement au tube 5; à la partie antérieure de ce manchon 10 sont articulées les extrémités arrière de deux bielles symétriques 11, dont les extrémités avant sont articulées sur la partie inférieure d'une pièce 12, formant chape, dont les ailes sont montées rotatives sur l'axe 2 du galet intérieur 1, et entre lesquelles est monté l'axe 4 du galet extérieur 3.To bend this tube by means of the two inner 1 and outer 3 rollers, the motor 6 is used which, by means of the bevel gears 7 and 7a and the straight gears 8, 8a and 8b, drives the outer rack 9 in translation sleeve 10, parallel to tube 5; at the front part of this sleeve 10 are articulated the rear ends of two symmetrical connecting rods 11, the front ends of which are articulated on the lower part of a part 12, forming a yoke, the wings of which are rotatably mounted on the axis 2 of the inner roller 1, and between which is mounted the axis 4 of the outer roller 3.

Lorsque le galet extérieur 3 est en position de repos, avec son axe 4 symétrique de l'axe 2 du galet intérieur 1 par rapport au tube 5, celui-ci peut passer entre ces galets sans être cintré, et son extrémité antérieure 5a reste donc rectiligne.When the outer roller 3 is in the rest position, with its axis 4 symmetrical with the axis 2 of the inner roller 1 relative to the tube 5, the latter can pass between these rollers without being bent, and its anterior end 5a therefore remains straight.

S'il n'existait aucun jeu entre les galets 1 et 3, la rotation du galet mobile 3 autour de l'axe 2 du galet fixe 1 provoquerait l'enroulement de celui-ci sur ledit galet 1, avec un rayon de courbure égal à celui du galet 1, et son prolongement 5a serait donc tangent audit galet 1 comme le montre la figure 3.If there was no play between the rollers 1 and 3, the rotation of the movable roller 3 around the axis 2 of the fixed roller 1 would cause it to wind on said roller 1, with an equal radius of curvature to that of the roller 1, and its extension 5a would therefore be tangent to said roller 1 as shown in FIG. 3.

Pour pouvoir faire varier ce rayon de courbure l'axe 4 du galet mobile 3 est à une distance de l'axe 2 du galet fixe 1 tel qu'il reste entre ces galets un espace libre légèrement plus grand que le diamètre du tube 5 laissant subsister un jeu de l'ordre de 1 mm entre le galet extérieur 3 et le tube 5 à cintrer; dans ces conditions, le cintrage du tube 5 ne commence qu'au moment où le galet extérieur 3 arrive au contact du prolongement 5a du tube 5, et en assure le cintrage avec un rayon de courbure qui est fonction de l'angle dont on fait tourner ce galet extérieur 3 autour de l'axe 2 du galet intérieur 1; c'est ainsi que, comme montré dans la figure 3, lorsque le galet extérieur 3 est arrivé dans la position 3a, le prolongement rectiligne du tube 5 se trouve d'abord en 5"a; le tube 5 est tangent au galet intérieur 1 et au galet extérieur 3 avec une partie courbe dont le centre de courbure est en 0, sur les lignes joignant les axes 2 et 4 des galets 1 et 3 aux points de tangence du tube sur ces galets; le rayon de courbure correspondant diminue quand croît l'angle de rotation du galet extérieur autour de l'axe 2 du galet intérieur 1.To be able to vary this radius of curvature the axis 4 of the movable roller 3 is at a distance from the axis 2 of the fixed roller 1 such that there remains between these rollers a slightly larger free space than the diameter of the tube 5 leaving remain a clearance of the order of 1 mm between the outer roller 3 and the tube 5 to be bent; under these conditions, the bending of the tube 5 does not begin until the outer roller 3 comes into contact with the extension 5a of the tube 5, and ensures its bending with a radius of curvature which is a function of the angle which is made turn this outer roller 3 around the axis 2 of the inner roller 1; thus, as shown in Figure 3, when the outer roller 3 has arrived in position 3a, the straight extension of the tube 5 is first located in 5 "a; the tube 5 is tangent to the inner roller 1 and to the outer roller 3 with a curved part whose center of curvature is at 0, on the lines joining the axes 2 and 4 of the rollers 1 and 3 at the points of tangency of the tube on these rollers; the corresponding radius of curvature decreases as it increases the angle of rotation of the outer roller around the axis 2 of the inner roller 1.

Cette partie courbe du tube 5 est prolongée par sa partie rectiligne 5"a qui tangente le galet extérieur 3; l'angle au centre de cette partie courbe est égal à celui dont on a fait pivoter le galet extérieur 3 autour de l'axe 2 du galet intérieur 1; si l'on veut augmenter cet angle au centre, il suffit de continuer à faire avancer le tube 5 à travers la tête de cintrage sans modifier la position du galet extérieur 3, jusqu'à ce que cet angle atteigne l'amplitude désirée; le prolongement rectiligne du tube de cintrage se trouve alors dans la position 5"'a.This curved part of the tube 5 is extended by its straight part 5 "a which tangents the outer roller 3; the angle at the center of this curved part is equal to that which the outer roller 3 has been pivoted about the axis 2 of the inner roller 1; if we want to increase this angle in the center, it suffices to continue advancing the tube 5 through the bending head without modifying the position of the outer roller 3, until this angle reaches l 'desired amplitude; the straight extension of the bending tube is then in position 5 "' a.

On voit donc qu'avec un tel dispositif, on peut obtenir des cintrages d'un rayon de courbure quelconque, à condition qu'il soit supérieur à celui du rayon du galet intérieur 1, et avec des angles au centre de ces courbures également quelconque.It can therefore be seen that with such a device, it is possible to obtain bends of any radius of curvature, provided that it is greater than that of the radius of the inner roller 1, and with angles at the center of these curvatures also of any kind. .

Suivant une autre caractéristique, une buse deguidage 37 est fixée à sa partie antérieure, immédiatement derrière le galet de cintrage intérieur 1, de façon qu'elle soit traversée axialement par le tube 5 destiné à être cintré et qu'elle s'oppose à la déformation de celui-ci par réaction en sens inverse à celle provoquée par son cintrage autour du galet intérieur 1 sous l'action du galet extérieur 3. Le plan de cette tête de cintrage peut être modifié à volonté du fait que sa partie active 14 sur laquelle sont montés les galets de cintrage intérieur 1 et extérieur 3, est elle-même rotative à l'intérieur du manchon coulissant 10, qui lui-même est maintenu dans une position angulaire fixe par la plaquette 15, coulissant dans le bâti 16 de la tête de cintrage et engagée dans une rainure longitudinale 17 prévue à cet effet dans le manchon 10.According to another characteristic, a guiding nozzle 37 is fixed to its front part, immediately behind the internal bending roller 1, so that it is axially traversed by the tube 5 intended to be bent and that it opposes the deformation thereof by reaction in opposite direction to that caused by its bending around the inner roller 1 under the action of the outer roller 3. The plane of this bending head can be modified at will because its active part 14 on which are mounted the inner 1 and outer 3 bending rollers, is itself rotatable inside the sliding sleeve 10, which itself is held in a fixed angular position by the plate 15, sliding in the frame 16 of the bending head and engaged in a longitudinal groove 17 provided for this purpose in the sleeve 10.

Le pivotement de cette tête de cintrage autour de son axe, pour faire varier à volonté le plan de cintrage, peut être commandé par un moteur 18 qui entraîne en rotation le manchon dentelé intérieurement 19, en prise avec la dentelure 20 du prolongement vers l'extérieur 13 du porte-galets 14.The pivoting of this bending head around its axis, to vary the bending plane at will, can be controlled by a motor 18 which rotates the internally serrated sleeve 19, in engagement with the serration 20 of the outward extension 13 of the roller carrier 14.

La tête de cintrage représentée comporte en outre un dispositif permettant de cisailler le tronçon de tube dont le cintrage vient d'être achevé; il est constitué par deux mollettes 21 solidaires en rotation de la pièce pivotante 14 et montées, à cet effet, à l'extrémité intérieure de deux poussoirs 22 formant chapes, coulissant dans des alésages radiaux 23 correspondant de la pièce pivotante 14; les bords extérieurs 25 de ces poussoirs radiaux 22 sont inclinés de façon à constituer des cames coopérant avec les surfaces coniques femelles 26 de la partie antérieure de la pièce annulaire coulissante 27; pour cisailler le tube 5 on fait pénétrer de l'air comprimé à travers l'orifice 28 dans l'espace libre 29 prévu entre le bâti 16 et la partie arrière de la pièce annulaire coulissante 27, qui provoque le coulissement vers l'arrière de cette pièce 27, à l'encontre d'un ressort de rappel, et, de ce fait, une force centripète exercée sur les poussoirs formant chapes 22, dont les deux mollettes 21 entaillent le tube, notamment si l'on entraîne la pièce pivotante 14 en rotation à grande vitesse au moyen du moteur 18.The bending head shown further comprises a device for shearing the section of tube whose bending has just been completed; it is constituted by two knobs 21 integral in rotation with the pivoting part 14 and mounted, for this purpose, at the inner end of two pushers 22 forming yokes, sliding in corresponding radial bores 23 of the pivoting part 14; the outer edges 25 of these radial pushers 22 are inclined so as to constitute cams cooperating with the female conical surfaces 26 of the front part of the sliding annular part 27; to shear the tube 5, compressed air is made to penetrate through the orifice 28 into the free space 29 provided between the frame 16 and the rear part of the sliding annular part 27, which causes the rearward sliding of this part 27, against a return spring, and, as a result, a centripetal force exerted on the pushers forming yokes 22, the two knobs 21 of which cut the tube, in particular if the pivoting part is driven 14 rotating at high speed by means of the motor 18.

Dans le mode de réalisation représenté à la figure 4, une telle tête de cintrage 30 est montée sur le bâti 31 avec ses trois moteurs, 6 de commande du pivotement de l'axe 4 du galet extérieur 3 autour de celui 2 du galet intérieur 1, le moteur 18 qui permet de faire pivoter le plan de cintrage de la tête de cintrage 30 autour du tube à cintrer 5, et le moteur 32 qui entraîne les paires de galets 33 qui provoquent le coulissement désiré du tube 5 à travers la tête de cintrage.In the embodiment shown in Figure 4, such a bending head 30 is mounted on the frame 31 with its three motors, 6 for controlling the pivoting of the axis 4 of the outer roller 3 around that of the inner roller 1 , the motor 18 which makes it possible to pivot the bending plane of the bending head 30 around the tube to be bent 5, and the motor 32 which drives the pairs of rollers 33 which cause the desired sliding of the tube 5 through the head of bending.

La machine comporte en outre un dispositif escamotable 33a permettant, avant le commencement des opérations de cintrage du tube 5, de présenter devant celui-ci, en 34, un raccord fileté provenant de la rampe d'alimentation 35, de façon connue en soi, à travers lequel on engage l'extrémité antérieure dudit tube; un dispositif approprié façonne ensuite l'extrémité antérieure de ce tube de façon que ce raccord fileté ne puisse plus s'échapper vers l'avant.The machine further comprises a retractable device 33a allowing, before the beginning of the bending operations of the tube 5, to present in front of the latter, at 34, a threaded connection coming from the supply ramp 35, in a manner known per se, through which the anterior end of said tube is engaged; a suitable device then shapes the front end of this tube so that this threaded connection can no longer escape forward.

L'extrémité postérieure du tronçon de canalisation qu'on vient de cintrer et de séparer, par cisaillement, du tube dont il constituait la partie antérieure, peut de même être pourvue d'un raccord fileté et être façonnée pour qu'il ne puisse pas s'échapper vers l'arrière.The rear end of the pipe section which has just been bent and separated, by shearing, from the tube of which it formed the front part, may likewise be provided with a threaded connection and be shaped so that it cannot escape backwards.

Ces différents moteurs 6, 18 et 32, ainsi que la commande 36 du dispositif escamotable 33a destiné à engager l'extrémité antérieure du tube dans un raccord fileté, ainsi qu'à façonner ensuite ladite extrémité du tube, peuvent être commandés automatiquement par un dispositif numérique approprié; pour passer de la fabrication d'un type de canalisation déterminé à un autre type de canalisation, il suffit de faire fonctionner la machine sous le contrôle de commandes numériques avec le programme correspondant au type de canalisation désiré.These different motors 6, 18 and 32, as well as the control 36 of the retractable device 33a intended to engage the anterior end of the tube in a threaded connection, as well as to then shape said end of the tube, can be controlled automatically by a device. appropriate digital; to switch from manufacturing a given type of pipe to another type of pipe, it suffices to operate the machine under the control of digital commands with the program corresponding to the desired type of pipe.

Claims (8)

1. A machine for bending tubes by means of a bending head through which the tube (5) to be bent passes axially and comprising at its front part two bending rollers with parallel axes between which said tube passes, namely an inner roller (1) to which the tube remains constantly tangential and against which it bears during the bending operation, and an outer roller (3) whose axis (4) is rotatable about that (2) of the inner roller (1), the plane containing the axes of the two rollers being perpendicular to the axis of the tube (5) in the inoperative position of the outer roller (3), and means for causing said axis (4) of the outer roller (3) to pivot about that (2) of the inner roller (1), characterised in that to enable the tube to be bent according to any radii of curvature, provided that they are equal to or greater than that of the inner roller (1), the axis (4) of the outer roller (3) is provided at such a distance from that (2) of the inner roller (1) that a space is present between it and the inner roller which is very slightly greater than the diameter of the tube (5) to be bent, thereby leaving a clearance of the order of 1 mm between the outer roller (3) and the tube (5) to be bent when said outer roller (3) is in the inoperative position, in that a guide nozzle (37) is secured to its front part immediately behind the inner bending roller (1) so that it is traversed axially by the tube (5) to be bent and so that it prevents deformation thereof by reaction in the opposite direction to that intended by its bending about the inner roller (1) under the action of the outer roller (3), and in that it also comprises means (21) for cutting the tube to length once the desired pipe has been formed, and other means (33) for shaping the two ends of said pipe and fitting thereto conventional threaded connectors with which they have to be provided.
2. A machine according to Claim 1, characterised in that by means of bevel gears (7 and 7a) and spur gears (8, 8a, 8b) a motor (6) drives, in movement of translation, an external rack (9) of a sleeve (10) concentrically with the tube (5) and parallel to this tube, and the rear ends of two symmetrical connecting rods (11) are articulated to the front part of this sleeve (10), their front ends being articulated to the lower part of a member (12) forming a fork, the flanges of which are mounted to rotate about the axis (2) of the inner roller (1) and between which is mounted the axis (4) of the outer roller (3).
3. A machine according to either of Claims 1 or 2, characterised in that the operative part (14) of the bending head, on which the inner and outer bending rollers (1) and (3) are mounted, is itself rotatable within the sliding sleeve (10) which, in turn, is maintained in a fixed angular position by a plate (15) sliding in a frame (16) of the bending head and engaged in a longitudinal groove (17) provided for this purpose in the sleeve (10).
4. A machine according to Claim 3, characterised in that a motor (18) rotatably drives an internally toothed sleeve (19) meshing with an external toothing (20) of a rearward extension (13) of the operative part (14) of the bending head.
5. A machine according to Claims 1 to 4, characterised in that a motor (32) rotatably drives pairs of rollers (33) between which the tube (5) is inserted and controls the desired sliding of this tube (5) through the bending head, thereby making it possible to increase the angle of curvature of the portion of the tube (5) being bent, without alteration to the angle of curvature if the outer roller (3) is maintained in the angular position relative to that of the inner roller (1) corresponding to said radius of curvature.
6. An automatic machine according to any of Claims 1 to 5, characterised in that a numerical control controls the operation of all of its motors (6,18 and 32).
7. An automatic machine according to Claim 6, characterised in that the numerical control responds to the programme with which it has been provided, the latter corresponding itself to the characteristics of the pipes to be formed.
8. An automatic machine according to any of Claims 1 to 7, characterised in that it comprises means for feeding the tube to be bent along the axis of its bending head for the purpose of obtaining, firstly, a first straight portion of desired length, then an adjoining bent portion having the desired radius and angle of curvature, means for pivoting the bending head about its axis by the desired angle so that its operating plane is that in which should be situated the next adjoining bent portion of the tube and the straight portion forming the extension thereof, and means for pivoting the outer roller about the axis of the inner roller by such an angle that the curved portion which it then shapes has the desired radius of curvature, said means continuing to operate successively so as to form the various straight and bent portions which the tube to be bent is intended to comprise, thereby forming the desired pipe.
EP19830402217 1982-11-19 1983-11-17 Apparatus for bending tubes Expired EP0109905B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8219404A FR2536314B1 (en) 1982-11-19 1982-11-19 TUBE BENDING MACHINE
FR8219404 1982-11-19

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EP0109905A1 EP0109905A1 (en) 1984-05-30
EP0109905B1 true EP0109905B1 (en) 1987-07-15

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EP19830402217 Expired EP0109905B1 (en) 1982-11-19 1983-11-17 Apparatus for bending tubes

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EP (1) EP0109905B1 (en)
DE (1) DE3372447D1 (en)
FR (1) FR2536314B1 (en)

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US5388441A (en) * 1992-12-29 1995-02-14 United States Surgical Corporation Needle curver with automatic feed

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3373587A (en) * 1966-12-08 1968-03-19 Shubin Vladimir Nikolaevich Automatic tube bending machines
SU466698A1 (en) * 1972-11-30 1976-08-05 Предприятие П/Я В-2190 Console bending tube bending machine head
GB1446543A (en) * 1975-03-04 1976-08-18 Shubin V N Pipe bending machine
FR2311604A1 (en) * 1975-05-21 1976-12-17 Shubin Vladimir Bending head for tube bending machine - has cantilever housing containing support and bending rolls, and gear and screw drive
US4161110A (en) * 1977-04-28 1979-07-17 EVG Entwicklungs- und Verwertungs-Gesellschaft mbH. Automatic control device for a bending machine

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EP0109905A1 (en) 1984-05-30
DE3372447D1 (en) 1987-08-20
FR2536314B1 (en) 1985-06-21
FR2536314A1 (en) 1984-05-25

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