DE1934884A1 - Device for connecting two pipelines at the bottom of a body of water - Google Patents

Description

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BATH ORIGINAL

The use of divers is no longer possible the invention proposes measures that make it possible to take To connect water pipelines by remote control without any work steps with the Hand, so there is no need to employ divers who are either in the Water or in a diving bell or the like.

The invention is applied in such a way that a device suitable for making fine connections is attached to one end of a pipeline and that end of the pipeline is then lowered to the seabed at a point adjacent to a pipeline already laid on the seabed. The device then causes the adjacent ends of the tubing to be aligned, the tubing to which the device is attached to be cut to the correct length, and finally the ends of the two tubing to be joined. Several methods are available for making such a line connection, for example the thermite welding method, the production of a mechanical connection using a slotted or split socket, the production of a connection in which a groove and a rib work together, or the production of a mechanical connection Use of explosives In all embodiments of the invention, this work on the seabed is carried out either remotely from the surface of the water or automatically in the form of a sequence of work steps.

The invention and advantageous details of the invention are in the following on the basis of schematic drawings statements ah exemplary embodiments in more detail.

BATH

Fig. 1 illustrates in perspective a preferred method for marking the location of an end of a Pipeline on the sea floor.

Fig. 1A shows schematically how the cooperating with the pipelines according to the invention Device is lowered into a body of water together with one end of a pipeline »

Fig. 1B shows in longitudinal section one on the sea floor stationary pipeline with the device for indicating) the position of the free end of the pipeline, with this device is in its rest position.

1C shows, in longitudinal section, the pipeline according to FIG. 1B and the device in its operating position for displaying the position of the end of the pipeline

Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a device according to the invention arranged underwater and represents the preferred embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 3 shows in perspective the device according to FIG. 2 in its position of use.

FIG. 4 is a partial perspective view of FIG Details of the device according to FIGS. 2 and 3.

Fig. 5 is an enlarged axial section showing a Procedure illustrated to prepare one of the pipelines to connect to another pipeline can be.

FIG. 5A shows similar to FIG. 5, but in one smaller scale, details of the device according to FIG. 5.

809883 / ÖUe

BATH ORIGINAL

6 shows the pipeline according to a longitudinal section Fig. 5 after this for connection to another Pipeline has been prepared.

Fig. 7 shows in longitudinal section another embodiment of a connection between two pipelines of the type shown in Fig. 1 to 6 *

FIG. 8 is a section taken along line 8-8 in FIG. 7.

9 shows a further embodiment in perspective a device for connecting pipelines of the type shown in Figs. 1 to 6.

FIG. 9A shows part of the device according to FIG. in longitudinal sections

Fig. 9B is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view of the assembly according to FIG. 9A and shows this for the case that a line connection according to FIG. 9 has been established o

Fig. 10 is a section taken along line 10-10 in Fig. 9.

11 shows the line connection according to FIGS. 9 and 10 in a longitudinal section.

FIG. 12 shows, in cross section, a further modification of the line connection according to FIGS. 9 to 11.

In Fig. 1 a method is shown according to " which by means of a buoy the position of a pipeline is marked, which is connected to a second pipeline shall be. Various methods can be used to bring the pipes to be connected to one another approach. In such a process, the position of a first submerged pipeline is marked in such a way that

80 9S8 3 / QU0

Bathroom original

that their position on the water surface can be recognized 5 then a second pipeline is pulled into a position in which it is close to the marking of the first pipeline ^: 'adjacent. The free end of the second pipeline is prepared, if necessary, so that it can be connected to the first pipeline, and a handling and connecting device is attached to the free end of the second pipeline. Using a guide rope attached to the first pipeline, the second pipeline, together with the handling and connection device, is lowered into the water so that it overlaps the end of the first pipeline. but rather on devices by means of which a fixed connection between the pipelines can be established.

It is true that various search or location or distance measurement methods can be used to control the handling device with the prepared pipe end attached to it from a point on the water surface to a point on the sea floor where the water depth is 500 m or more, but show Pig. 1 ^ and * UL the preferred method of performing the Invention.

According to Pig. 1 is a so-called pig 11 with the help of a pump through a pipeline laid under water 12, which can lead to the coast, for example. ,The Pipeline 12 rests on the seabed 13, and the pig 11, which is suitable, at the end in a known manner the pipeline 12 to be brought to a standstill, releases a rope 14- to which a buoy 15 is attached is ο The rope 14 is then according to Pig. 1A of one. Cable laying barge 16 from and e.g. with the help of a pulley and a counterweight or a loading

1098 8 3/0440

Lastungsboje stretched so that the rope is a straight line forms to the untex water pipeline; alternatively the rope 14 can form a temporary connection that it enables a rope of greater strength to be attached to the underwater pipeline.

A method that makes it possible to bring the pig 11 to a standstill at the end of the pipe 12, consists in providing the pig with one or more fingers that spring against the inner wall the drilling line 12 are pressed. These fingers would have to be arranged at the front end of the pig 11. As soon the pig reaches the end of the pipeline 12, the or each finger is spread outward, with one Trap or the like is released, which in turn is actuated by springs or hydraulically loaded shoes, which protrude outward and cooperate with the inner wall of the pipe 12 and one or more brakes form, through which the pig 11 is brought to a standstill. The same device gives the buoy 15 free, which together with the rope 14 to the water surface emotional. The buoy 15 can optionally be inflated prior to its release.

1B shows, in longitudinal section, part of the pipeline 12 lying on the seabed 13. The free The end 213 of the pipeline is intended, in a manner still to be explained, with the free end of the second pipeline 37 can be connected. A pipeline scraper or pig 11, all of which were required to carry out the invention Contains devices is shown in FIG. 1B in its position in the free end 213 of the pipeline 12. Such Devices are already known and can lead to various Purposes, e.g. to remove unwanted substances that have accumulated in a pipeline, be conveyed through such a pipeline.

609883/0448

ßAD ORiGiNAL

For this purpose, a fluid, for example water, is pumped through the pipeline behind the pig, so that the pig moves inside the pipeline. The pig 11 is provided with one or more pivotable fingers or trigger plates 215, which are shown in Fig. 1B in their rest position in which they are pretensioned and serve to bring the pig 11 to a standstill at the end 213 of the pipeline 12, the plates 215 are preferably biased against the central axis of the pig 11 to the outside by trigger springs 216 W at one end to a ring slidingly guided 216a and at the other end forming a bearing block with a plate 221 are connected. Alternatively, the plates 215 can also only be actuated in a manner to be explained in that the pig 11 partially slides out of the pipeline 12. The ring 216a is supported on the rear side of each plate 215 and, as shown in FIGS. 1B and 1C, is slidably guided on a cylinder 223. Preferably three or more such release plates 215 are provided. Each plate 215 has rollers 217 at its outer end which are supported on the inner wall 218 of the pipeline. Each plate 215 is supported by a bearing. bolt 219 rotatably mounted on a bearing block 220 fastened to the bearing block plate 221. An elastic scraper disk, which preferably extends over the entire circumference of the inner wall 218, is arranged on the inner cylinder 223 forming the main body of the pig 11. According to FIGS. 1B and 1C the scraper disk 222 is preferably located between the bearing block plate 221 and a further plate 221a. Of course, the main body of the pig could optionally also be designed differently.

The cylinder 223 extends along the axis of the conduit 12 and includes one or more slots 224 ·,

S09883 / QU8

Q -
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in which, according to FIG. 1B, a lip section 225 of the relevant Plate 215 protrudes, which is on one shoulder 226 a rod 227 is supported, which is coaxial with the Cylinder 225 is arranged * The rod 227 includes at its front end a portion 227a of smaller Diameter carrying a rod or plate 228 which on a lip section 229 at the rear end of a buoy that is freely displaceable in the pipeline 12 supports »The arches 15 consists of a buoyant Material and includes a head portion extending outwardly toward conduit end 215 and a rear portion 232 on which the aforesaid lip 229 is formed and an extension portion 233, the one with the L-shaped part of a outermost end of the cylinder 223 screwed on L-shaped Support piece 234- works together 0 One or more Shear pins 235 protrude, to a still fcu explanatory Purpose by both the extension section 233 and the Tiägstüek 234 »

The arch 15 has near its rear end 232 a piling space 236 open at the end * on the inner wall 236a of which a hanging 2 $? to which one end of an endless loop-forming connecting line £ 38 made of iiylön or the like is connected If Mldeit »The other end of the leash 2W & is attached to a mini cut W ¥ Q on the front lnd% € es tifthiereh! Partly over the itange Üf and _ '""' protrudes into the " ύϊ £ eae MMe 4es Iöfel3? Äums 236 in * On the inner wall of the cylinder W $ spacers S # 1 and 24-1ä are attached ^ including the rod W% at a distance from the cylinder.223 Wx 228 are exactly aligned with the buoy %% *

BATH ORIGINAL

1 9 3 A β ο / t

- ίο -

The rear part 242 of the rod 227 carries a fixed associated rod or bolt 243, which is shown in an opening or recess 244 of a brake actuation device 245 fits »the actuation device 245 includes an upper, tapered portion that includes two or more dovetail guide slides 246 that lead to correspondingly shaped Dovetail grooves 247 will fit, one of which will fit into one conical portion formed on the underside of each of two or more brake wedges 248 is * The wedges or slips 248 carry a plurality of fingers or teeth 249 that are known in the Direction of movement of the pig 11 in the pipeline 12 are inclined. "Preferably there are two or more slips 248, each of which is connected to the actuator with the aid of dovetail guides 245 as well as with a stop part 250 is connected. These Arrangement ensures that the slips 248 are held in their inboard or rest position until the device is actuated by pivoting the release plates 215. On the cylinder 223 is the stop member 250 attached, the backward movement the slips 248 interrupts when the actuation

direction 245 & i © slips 248 to a yet to be explained Manner to abut the inner surface 218 of the pipeline 12 »In Fig» 1B take the actuator S4 | and the slips e 248 their inner position,

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£ i & e Bi-emü- ödfcr Abfangweilbetätigüngsfeder 251 iafe with eii & m MMm with buckets abutment 252 attached » ^r <k® & alt & e # ii & n ^ nw & nd of the cylinder 223 by screwing © n or with _: ® other way is connected» during the tatere Inde de * spring an d ^ r in the rod 22? built-in rods or b

BATH ORIGINAL

Provide hydraulic or other actuation devices Additional scraper disks 251a, those of the disk

222, can with the cylinder 223 on different Way: be connected and, for example, clamped between two plates 253, which according to Fig. 1B and 1G with the cylinder

223 consist of one piece or are attached to it.

In the rear end of the cylinder 22J is preferably a spring-loaded pressure relief valve 254 of known type arranged so that the Flud, by means of, its the pig 11 has been conveyed through the pipeline 12, can flow past the pig 11 after the slips 248 have been operated. The valve 254 is screwed into a threaded bore 255 of the abutment 252. An opening provides a connection to the inner part of the cylinder 223 containing the spring 251 here. One or more openings 256 allow the Flowed through opening 255, through cylinder 223, and then into the space between slips 248 and the end 213 to promote the pipeline. This is what causes the pig 11 to be conveyed through the pipeline 12 serving Flud that the pressure relief valve 254 is opened as soon as the slips 248 have been actuated, whereupon the fluid can flow through the pig 11 via the openings 255 and 256 in order to then close the pipeline 12 leaving.

For use, the pig 11 is transported through the pipeline 12 with the aid of a pump fluid, for example water or air swiveled outside. This is the preferred arrangement. Alternatively, the lip portion 225 and the shoulder 226 can at such an angle relative to a ¹ from the lip 225 to the EägerVöl-

9008 * 3 / 044.8

zen 219 leading line be inclined that the spring 251 actuates the release plates 215 and one on the use the spring 216 can do without.

In the manner described, the lip 225 is released from the shoulder 226, with the aid of the spring 251 the Rod 227 is pushed forward so that a thrust force is applied to lip portion 229 and the shear pin 235 are sheared and thereby the buoy 15 is released. The buoy attached to line 238 takes the Leash with and rises up to the water surface 230, to mark the position of the free end 213 of the pipeline 12 under water. Once that's done, you can interrupt the conveyance of the fluid through the conduit 12, releasing the pressure relief valve 254 any excess amount of the supplied fluid can escape.

Simultaneously with the forward movement of the rod 227, the bolt 243 moves the conical portion 246 of the actuator 245 against the conical sections of the slips 248. During this movement, the slips pressed outwardly against the inner wall 218 of the conduit 12, as shown in Fig. 10, the teeth ^ the slips 248 engage the inner surface 218 to "the pig 11 in the free end 213 of the pipeline 12 in his Able to hold.

An example of the practical application of the method of the present invention will now be described.

1A illustrates the method by which the The position of the pipeline 12 is marked with the aid of a buoy 15 when a second pipeline is connected to the pipeline 12 shall be. Various methods can be used to bring the ends of the pipelines to be connected closer together.

609883/0448

BATH

According to I ¹ IgV T, the pig 11 is conveyed in the manner described above through the underwater pipeline 12, which can lead to the coast, for example. The pipeline rests on the sea floor 13, and the pig 11, 'der-in can be brought to a standstill in the manner described above at the free end of the pipeline, releases the line 14 or 238 to which the buoy is attached. The line 14 is then taken up by the line laying barge 16 and tensioned, for example with the aid of a pulley and a counterweight or a non-buoyant buoy, in order to create a straight line to the pipeline on the seabed.

The one shown in FIG. 2, designated 17 as a whole Handling device includes one known in the art Way trained guide device 18, which with the guide rope 14 when lowering the device 17 for Seabed works together. On the pipe-laying barge 16, for example, winches 19 and 19a are arranged, by means of which the new pipe end can be brought into contact with the end of the pipeline lying on the seabed. the Winches 19 and 19a are known on the boat 16 Way with the help of control devices 20 remote controlled ·

According to FIG. 2, the handling device comprises 17 a rectangular frame 21, with the shorter side parts 24a and 25a each one of two triangular Plates 24 and 25 are firmly connected. Through openings and 27 of the plates 24 and 25 extend guide ropes 24 and 25, which according to FIG. 2 fixed to the triangular Panels. Are connected. The guide ropes 22 and 23 are according to Fig. La in connection with the Winden./19 and 19a on the boat 16, by means of which the device I7 is lowered or can be picked up. With ropes 22-. And. 23. or, in the case of, at least one of these guide ropes it can be a weight-bearing rope,

SO 9883/0440

. - 14 -

which is connected to a power transmission cable, ^T ,; - ^ r ~ by means of which energy can be supplied to the various parts of the forward device 17; alternatively it can - ^! or each rope comprise flexible hoses which serve to supply the parts of the device 17 with a pressurized gas and / or a pressurized fluid »

According to Pig. 1A becomes the connection between the leash or the rope 14, which is attached to the underwater pipeline 12 ' is attached, and the buoy 15 loosened, and the free 'Eftde The rope is fed through a guide hole 34 in the guide device 18 of the device 1? as long as the Device is still on the boat 16 · -. ;.

Then, the, cable 14, for example with the aid of the winch _19b clamped and the device 17 ". to which a new pipeline 37 is attached, is lowered into the water with the help of winches 19 and 19a and brought into contact with the pipeline 12 ._,>>

The handling device 17 is designed so that it can be supported on the seabed 13 with four feet 28 which extend outward at an angle at the corners of the rectangular frame 21. Each! Foot 28. "Can have a hydraulic cylinder 29 with a Extendable and retractable piston rod 30. At the free end, the piston rod 30 ¹ XSt has a rotatably mounted base plate 31 which can be supported on the seabed 13 ausgleichfn "so that the apparatus 17 takes on the seabed 13 in the, substantially horizontal and upright position einr * If a remote operation from the water surface, from effected, the piston rods 30 are extended until they come into contact with the seabed · If there If you want to maintain a horizontal position as precisely as possible, you can use the device 17 with a position

909883 / 0U "8"

- 15 - *

feel device (not shown} provided, by means of whose actuation of the piston rods 30 is controlled so that a horizontal position of the device is ensured is*

A drive device 32 is arranged on a plate 33 fixedly connected to the frame 21, by means of whose the device 1? if necessary in the water can be moved · The drive device preferably comprises a propeller 32a that can be driven by a reversible motor 32b which is not The manner shown is connected to the control device 20 on the boat 16. The propeller 32a is in one Support piece 32c rotatably mounted so that it can be pivoted, for example by means of a rod 32d, when the direction of movement the device 17 is to be changed. A not shown, arranged on the device 17 The sensing head can be used to determine the position of the guide rope 14 in the guide opening 34 of the guide device 18 to feel. This sensor head supplies the operators on the water surface with information that enable them to operate the winches and drive mechanism in a suitable manner. With the help of this Information can be obtained from the rod 32d remotely by means of mechanical, electrical or hydraulic controls Devices are operated to adjust the drive device 32 in the required manner. Alternatively, a fully automatic closed loop could be used as part of the control device 20 Provide means which are controlled by the signals from the guide device 18. Thus, the rod 32d be adjusted with the help of devices not shown by remote control, these devices cooperate with the control device 20 on the water surface

809883 / OUe

ORIGINAL BATHROOM

S U 88 k

Furthermore, two hydraulic clamping devices and 39 are provided, by means of which the pipes 12 and 37 are held in the desired position with respect to the device 17. The one similar to the jig 38 Clamping device 39 comprises two semicircular jaws 40 and 41, which are articulated with the narrow flange of a substantially inverted T-shaped support rod 42 are connected, which in turn is attached to the frame 21. Further two hydraulic cylinders £ 3 and £ 44 are provided, the on brackets 45 and 46 fixedly connected to the frame 21

) are rotatably mounted. Each of the cylinders 43 and 44 is provided with a retractable and extendable piston rod 47 and 48, the free ends of which on the associated jaws and 41 are hinged. This arrangement enables the pipeline 37 to be connected to the pipeline 12 in ' to clamp the handling device 17 before using the winches 19 and 19a and the guide ropes 22 and 23 is lowered to the sea floor 13. At the same time, this is done on the pig 11 in the pipeline 12 attached rope 14 guided through the opening 34 of the housing 35 of the guide device 18, so that the free Ends 53 and 54 of the pipes 12 and 37 essentially be brought into alignment with each other. Given-

"If you can use a second one similar to the tensioning device 39 Provide tensioning device 39a to hold pipeline 37 in place.

The tension required to properly lay the pipeline 37 can be up to 100,000 kg or more amount, so that it is almost impossible to drive the device 17 by means of the device 32, so that they is automatically guided and brought into the correct position. Therefore it may be necessary in conjunction with of the device 17 tugs, anchors, winches and others use heavy lifting equipment.

9883 / OUÖ

ORIGINAL INSPECTED

According to FIG. 2, the device 17 is lowered along the guide rope 14 to the seabed 13 until the pipeline 12 abuts against the rotatably mounted jaws 49 and 50 of the hydraulic clamping device 38, which are normally open; Then the hydraulic cylinders of the clamping device 38, of which only one can be seen in FIGS. 2 and 3, are actuated to close the jaws 50 and 50 and thus clamp the pipeline 12. The clamping device 38 is similar to the clamping device 39 already described _? apart from the fact that a support rod 51 of L-shaped cross-section, which is assigned to the clamping device 38, is rotatably mounted at 52 so that the pipeline 12 can be brought into alignment with the pipeline 37 after an end section 53 of the pipeline 12 The device 17 is arranged on the pipeline 12 with the aid of the guide rope 14 and a sensing device in the manner already described. By closing the clamping device 38, the device 17 is finally brought into the correct position.

After the device 17 has been brought into contact with the pipeline 12 on the seabed 13, a known orientation must be established between the end 53 of the pipeline 12 and the device 17, while the relationship between the device and the end 54 of the pipeline 37 is already established has been produced on the surface of the water. Z _u this purpose, it is necessary for the device 17 or the end 53 also to move the pipe 12 or both the apparatus and the end of the pipeline.

The device 17 is preferably moved along the tensioned guide rope 14 to the end 5§ of the pipeline 12 lowered, but the position of the device relative to the line end 53 is only approximately known.

S09883 / ÖUS

■ - 18 -

The alignment of the parts in the azimuth direction is made with the aid of compasses and by sighting buoys caused during the laying of the lines. The longitudinal inclination is determined by the profile shape of the sea floor 13 and other factors, but the seabed runs along the lines used for laying underwater pipelines usually pretty much horizontally in selected places. When the angle between the two pipes is in holds reasonable limits, thus comes the very powerful hydraulic clamping device 38 of the device with the line end 53 lying on the seabed in contact and accommodates the pipe line ends 53 and 54 Force in a parallel position to each other.

This orientation process leads to a movement of both the line end 53 and the device 17, and the position of the device that is finally reached has no influence on the work to be carried out later, however, the feet 28, separated by large distances, contribute to the device 17 in an almost to keep it in a horizontal position.

All hydraulic clamping devices and others Parts of the device 17 to be actuated are suitably on board with the control device 20 of the boat 16 connected. For example, hydraulic lines can differ from the different hydraulic to be actuated tensioning devices extend to a "cable" comprising several hydraulic lines, which, as already mentioned, one of the guiding and lifting ropes 22 and 23 forms; alternatively, both ropes can be provided with such hydraulic lines. In a similar way may make electrical connections between the various motors of the device 17 and the control device 20 may be provided. Of course the lines are

909883 / QU8

or cables with the control device 20 on the boat 16 tied together. The connections between the tensioning devices, the motors and the lines or cables can e.g. extend through various parts of the frame 21 which are hollow for this purpose can. Furthermore, in addition to ropes or cables 22 and 23 further cables may be provided to the device 1? to provide with energy.

A cutting device 55 is rotatably mounted on the frame 21, the details of which can be seen in FIG are. The cutting device 55 preferably comprises a saw blade 56 mounted on an actuating arm 57. The arm 57 is not shown by a bearing pin 58 Way with the underside of a bracket 59 attached to the frame 21 rotatably. The circular saw blade 56 is turned on before using the device the free end 54 · of the pipeline 37 aligned. With In other words, the pipeline 37 is clamped in the clamping devices 39 and 39a so that its end 5 ^ - is arranged parallel to the saw blade 56. The arm 57 is preferably actuated by a hydraulic cylinder 57a ', which with the aid of the control device 20 on the boat is operated remotely. The saw blade 56 is preferably connected to the arm 57 by a one coupled to it attached hydraulic motor 57b. Of the Cylinder 57a is mounted on a frame 21 Bock 57c rotatably mounted.

The cutting device 55 of the water surface from remotely controlled, and the actuating arm 57 is pivoted according to FIG. 3 in such a way that the saw blade has the end section which overlaps the pipe 37 53 separates from the pipeline 12. Since the cutting device 55 is an integral part of the device 17, which is fixed to the end 54 of the pipeline 37

S09833 / QU8

is connected, the end 53 of the pipeline 12 takes exactly the right position with respect to all parts under water the device for establishing a line connection. The cut part of the pipe 12 is put together with the pig 11 with the aid of the guide cable 14 connected to the end section 53 by the pig the vicinity of the pipeline 12 away.

Since the pipeline 12 is now arranged parallel to the longitudinal axis of the device 17 and opposite this

f axis is laterally offset, an exact position of the various parts is given, in which it is only necessary to move the clamping device 38 laterally along a short distance in order to bring the pipeline 12 into alignment with the pipeline 37. However, the pipeline 12 lying on the seabed must first be accessible so that it can be prepared so that it can be connected to the pipeline 37. Although it was mentioned that all work steps are carried out by remote control, it should be noted that it is possible to arrange for the various work steps to be carried out in a certain order after the device 17 has passed the pipeline 12

"has grasped; for this purpose one can in known manner suitable electrical circuits, hydraulic sequence valves working with different pressure media Provide devices or programming devices of various types.

Figures 5 and 6 illustrate a method of joining the conduits 12 and 37 after they have been cut of the end section 53 of the line 12. According to FIG. 1, an explosive charge arranged in the line 12 is used to expand the cut end 60. A flange 61 forming a die surrounds the end 60 of the

909883 / OUd

Line 12 and fulfills two tasks, ie it acts as a counter-holder when the end 60 is deformed with the aid of the explosive charge, and it forms a flange of the finished mechanical pipe connection in a manner to be explained below. The flange 61 forming the die is preferably generally cylindrical in shape and large in size. Cross-section, and its inner wall 62 is profiled so that it can receive the end 60 of the conduit 12; Furthermore, the inner wall of the flange is provided with an annular groove 63 for receiving a seal 64, which preferably consists of a soft metal or an elastomer material. The inner wall of the flange 61 is machined so that the flange can receive the pipe end 60 while maintaining fairly large tolerances in terms of diameter and roundness, _{or the like}

The outer surface 65 of the die flange 61 is provided with a conical section which, as shown in FIG. 6, mates with a corresponding surface of a retaining ring 66 so that the two cooperating surfaces can exert a strong camming action in the direction of the pipe axis around the adjacent ends of the pipes _o to approach to an even manner to be explained, the Matrizenflansch 61 also carries a destructible holding plate 67 on which a generally annular explosive charge 68 is fixed, which protrudes into the end 60 of the conduit 12 when the flange has been pushed onto the line 12 61 . According to FIG. 5, the ring-shaped explosive charge 68 carries a detonator 69 which is arranged on the axis of the line 12. An electrical line 70 extends from the detonator 69 to an actuating device (not shown) by means of which the explosive charge 68 can be detonated.

9Ö9883 / 0UÖ

When this arrangement is used, the detonator 69 is detonated so that the annular charge 68 explodes. In this explosion, the retaining plate 67 is destroyed and thrown away under water, and at the same time according to Fig. 6 by the explosion at the end 60 of the line 12 pin outwardly offset flange 71 formed.

Before lowering line 37 to the sea floor 13 becomes a flange with the end 54 of the line 37 at 73 72 welded, whose outer shape 74- the profile 65 of the Die flange 61 corresponds; however, the flange 74 preferably has a somewhat smaller cross-section than Flange 61, and it is butt-welded to the end 54- of the line 37 located at the water surface. The inner surface of the flange 72 is cylindrical and has the same diameter as the lines 12 and 37 * so that the interconnected flanges 61 and 72 of the Flow of production floors or the movement of devices by the line connection according to FIGS. 5 and 6 offer little resistance.

According to FIG. 6, the flange 72 has at its the End face 61a of the die flange 61 "opposite end face 76" has an annular groove 75 for receiving a "preferably annular seal 77 made of a soft Metal or an elastomeric material. The seal 77 and the already mentioned seal 64 are completely of added to the associated grooves, which are dimensioned so that regardless of the remaining bias of the Metal components an optimal final compression and shape of the sealing rings is achieved. The seals 64 and 77 are so wide and flexible enough that they enclose relatively large foreign bodies can, which are flushed out of the lines, while the seal 77 rests on the to be sealed Areas is brought. Alternatively, instead of the

909 883/0 4 UB

Seal 64 use a sheet of soft metal or elastomeric material, not shown, to secure the die flange 61 to be sealed against line 12 »

The retaining ring 66 preferably consists of two semicircular halves 78 and 79, which are shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 are hinged together and can be closed to form a ring. The retaining ring 66 is on its Inside machined to fit the outer profiles 65 and 74 of the flanges 61 and 72 and the flanges applies an axial preload that is greater than all that can be expected during the operation of the pipeline Forces, This ensures that the end faces of the flanges 61 and 72 are subjected to a load mechanical forces or compressive forces do not stand out from one another, and that the line connection maintains its strength retains and does not change the shape of the seals · The retaining ring 66 is hydraulic or with the help of a Explosive charge activated and locked or closed in the pre-tensioned state.

For use, the device 17 is lowered to the end 53 of the conduit 12 lying on the seabed, the device carrying the prepared end 54 of the line 37 in the manner already described to which the flange-72 has already been welded. the Device 17 moves along guide rope 14 to end 53 of line 12, and when the device closes the line 12 touches, it clamps the end 53 hydraulically, the device automatically with a force centered, which is sufficient to bring the line ends to be connected into a parallel position. The device 17 is designed so that the line end 53 the prepared end 54 of the line 37 parallel along a ί may overlap a considerable distance to ensure

809883/0448

- 2M- -

that the two ends 60 and 54 are brought together can · .. ~

After attaching the device 17 to the line 12 is shown in FIG. 4, the protruding end 53 of the line 12 with the help of the sawing device 55 or a a circular motion executing cutter cut so that the line 12 at right angles to their Axis is cut off at 60 and the section 60 is in a known position opposite the prepared end 54- of the line- " tion 37 occupies.

After the end 60 of the line 12 has been fixed, another milling tool executing a circular motion is used 80 or a tool with only one cutting edge is used to remove the concrete or other protective coating from Remove the end section 60 and place the tube 12 on it Prepare the outside so that it can be inserted into the flange 61. The arrangement used for this is shown in Figs. 2 and 3, where it can be seen that the tool 80 is mounted on a housing 85 which is attached to a plate 81 is attached, which in turn with the

. Frame 21 is firmly connected by support pieces 82 and 83.

"The housing 85 also carries a centering cone 96. The Tool 80 preferably includes a milling cutter 84 that is rotatably mounted and supported by one in housing 85 housed device of known type is drivable. The support piece 83 is slidably guided on the frame 21, while the support piece 82 is slidably guided on a rod 88, so that the plate 81 with the tool 80 can advance towards the end of the line 60

The cutter 84 is positioned to face the outer surface the line 12 contacts, and preferably it is arranged so that it the line end 60 in compliance a predetermined tolerance with regard to the

909883/0448

machined knife so that it is from the die flange. 'Can be taken up 61 in the first embodiment of the invention 85 is retracted, the housing after processing of the line end, and in accordance 5A is rotated around the vertical axis of the associated with the plate 81 supporting rod 81a, that the condom 84 ζ.B ₀ of the line 12 is averted. Here, according to FIG. 5A, the die flange 61, which can be attached to the rear end of the housing 85, for example by being glued to the destructible holding plate 67, which in turn is attached to a rod 85a, is brought into a position in which it can be pushed onto the end 60 of the line 12. The die flange 61 also carries the seal 64, the explosive charge 68 and the detonator 69. As soon as this position is reached, the flange is pushed onto the end 60 of the conduit 12 in that the plate 81 is advanced towards the conduit end 60, whereby the widening 62 of the flange made it easier to slide the flange onto the pipe end 60

The success of using an explosive charge to create the outwardly offset flange 71 depends does not critically deviate from the alignment of the parts concerned, i.e. the die flange 61 does not need to be arranged concentrically with the end 60 of the conduit 12. The flange 61 is during the ignition of the Detonator 69 firmly held in place in the manner described in order to establish a precise relationship between the Flange 61 and the one on the prepared end 54- of the line 37 welded flange 72 to produce,

After all parts have been brought into position, the detonator 69 is electrically detonated. As already mentioned, the ring-shaped explosive charge 68 is connected to the flange 61 by the retaining plate 67,

30986 3/04 AS

193488A

so that it is also brought into the correct position. The detonation products and the pieces of the destructible retaining plate 67 for the explosive charge are preferred ejected into the surrounding water by the resulting gas flow, or they can subsequently be removed from the Line 12 are pumped out. When the explosive charge explodes, the end 60 of the line 12 is widened so that that it is the inner shape of the Käatrizenflansehes adapts and a! flange 71 is created, the radially acting Seal 64 is biased.

If necessary, a shock wave damper (not shown) can be provided to prevent damage to the Line 12 beyond the flange 61 to prevent. This damper, which is made from a compressible plastic foam or honeycomb material, is introduced when the die flange 61 is pushed on and the Device 80 pulled out again.

According to Pig. 2 and 5 surrounds the jig • 66 the prepared end 54- of the line 57 · The one in its Position on the line end 54- shown clamping device 66 must be open so that it can be operated hydraulically on the end 60 of the line 12 Arms 90 can be slid, sliding in a Guide 91 is mounted, which in a on cross members 93 and 94 of the frame 21 fixed carrier 92 formed As described below with reference to Fig. 8, a hydraulic device of known type is used to selectively open and close the tensioner 66 conclude.

The lower end 95 of the arm 90 rests against the rear end of the two-part clamping device 66, so that the clamping device can be moved towards the end 60 of the line 12, _etc.

909883 / 0U8

ORIGINAL INSPECTED

It should be noted that in this embodiment of the invention the end 54 of the drilling line 37 ″ shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 carries the welded-on flange 72 shown in greater detail in FIG. 6. Thus, the two flanges 61 and 3 are now opposite the associated line ends rigidly fixed, and the next step is that the flanges are brought into a coaxial position in order to align the lines 12 and 37 with one another. The flanges 61 and 62 are arranged so that a gap remains between their end faces and the seal. Sufficient force is required to bring about this ^{movement of the lines 12 and 37, which takes place exclusively in the λ} lateral direction, over a distance of approximately 600 mm. A preferred method is to rotate the rod 51 of the tensioner 38 hydraulically in a predetermined position relative to the axis of the conduit 37th

Finally, the retaining ring 66 is placed on the flanges 61 and? 2 so that it with the inclined surfaces 65 and 7 ^ of the flanges cooperate. To this end the arm 90 is actuated, by means of which the opened retaining ring 66 is pushed over the flanges 61 and 72 « Then the retaining ring 66 is hydraulically closed and, for example, in the manner still to be explained with reference to FIG locked to the two halves 78 and 79 to form a closed one Sing to unite

The matching conical surfaces of the flanges 61, 72 and the halves of the retaining ring 66 are formed and arranged so that they are the ends of the two Center the cables and pull them against each other The halves 78 and 79 of the retaining ring are permanently pretensioned so that that the line connection receives the required strength and a perfect seal is achieved. If necessary, the line connection can be made with sea

909883/0448

Rinse out water while the halves of the retaining ring are finally closed to remove mud, sand and living things' to eliminate.

This embodiment of the invention proves to be advantageous because it is not necessary to use the seawater keep away because the deformation by means of explosives is normally effected underwater underwater and does not meet high requirements in terms of accuracy need to become.

f Another embodiment of a connection to the

Coupling of the pipes 12 and 37 is shown in Figs. In this embodiment, one with a Gasket provided split bushing provided with a locking groove to increase the strength in the Longitudinal direction is provided. More specifically, as shown in FIG. 8, the split bushing 98 comprises two by a bolt

101 articulated semicircular sections or halves 99 and 100 which define the ends 60 and 54 of the lines 12 and 37 enclose. There are also two hydraulic cylinders

102 and 103 provided, which cooperate with the free ends 104 and 105 of the halves 99 and 100, so that the

* Socket 98 can optionally be opened and closed. At least one of the free ends, for example the end IO5 shown in Fig. 8, is provided with a hook or the like which can cooperate with a matching opening or groove 106a of the other free end 104, to anchor the two halves together. The ends of the cylinders 102 facing away from the ends 104 and 105 and 103 are attached to a frame I07 which is one Part of the liahmens 21 according to FIGS. 2 and 3 forming Cross member 93 comprises, at the ends of which are connected two struts 109 and 110 extending downwards and outwards, the lower ends of which are connected to the cylinders 102 and 103 as shown in FIG.

909883 / CU48

Thus, the frame 107 of FIG. 8 is practical a component part of the handling device 17 shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 · The bushing 66 according to FIGS. 2 and 3 is similar to bushing 98 shown in Figures 7 "and 8, wherein the profiling of the inside of the socket depends on the type of pipe connection to be made. In Fig. and 3 are frame I07 and cylinders 102 and 103 omitted for clarity; it should be noted, however, that these parts are part of the frame 21 form and serve to hold the halves 78 and 79 of the split retaining ring 66 and the halves 99 and 100 of the split Socket 98 can be optionally opened and closed. In both cases, the retaining ring or socket to be used is in the water before lowering the device 17 on end 54 of line 37

In the embodiment of FIGS. 7 and 8 are on of the underwater pipeline 12, the same work steps for fastening, cutting and cleaning this line carried out as described above in the preparation for the connection with the help of an explosive charge are. One small difference is that no other parts cooperate with the line ends 60 and 54, like this that the tolerance to be maintained in cutting the conduit 12 is not critical, provided that the ends of the conduits do not hit each other when they are aligned.

To create a good sealing surface to ensure a tight fit in the direction of the diameter and in order to achieve optimal strength of the line connection, the work steps must be mechanized Machining can be carried out with a relatively high accuracy. In the one shown in Figs

909883/0

Method of establishing a mechanical connection the formation of a groove 111 on the outside of the end 60 of the line 12 is of critical importance. It it should be noted that the end 54 of the line 37 before lowering the device 17 with a similar annular groove 112 must be provided; therefore, the following description of the production of the annular groove 111 also applies to the production the Hingnut 112.

According to FIG. 7, the grooves 111 and 112 are required to ensure that the line connection is independent of a frictional connection To give the connection the necessary strength, the ends of the cables are strengthened by the attachment the ring grooves weakened. The existing. '~ d · = »" grooves 111 and 112 on the outside of the lines 1.2 and 37 leads to increased stress on the line material as a result of a reduction in the cross-sectional area, as a result of which stress is frequently caused. Therefore should the grooves 111 and 112 are given the smallest possible depth, and they must be made with special care will.

The position of the grooves 111 and 112 is important because the maximum axial stress on the lines 12 and 37 occurs at the grooves while the stress on deflection is greatest at the ends of the bushing 98 is. Therefore, the socket 98 is on both sides over the Grooves 111 and 112 are also extended so that the stresses mentioned do not add up directly. If If the frictional forces that occur are taken into account, there is an additional increase in strength in the axial direction achieved.

The groove 111 is in the end 60 of the line 12 with the aid of the milling cutter 84 of the tool 80 in the hand of .Fig. 2 and 3 already described way incised. That

8 8 3/0448 SAD original

Housing 85 is provided with a known type of control device, not shown, by means of which the depth of penetration of the milling cutter 84 into the outer surface of the line end 60 can be regulated ₀

The line ends 60 and 54 are in the next The above-described aligned bushing 98 is secured by hydraulically closing it to enclose the two line ends 60 and 54-. Since the socket 98 through the frame 21 of the Device 17 is supported, and since the groove 111 below Taking into account the position of the bushing 98 relative to the frame 21 is made, there is a guarantee that that the hat 111 with the associated part of the socket 98 cooperates.

The socket 98 preferably has two radially forward internally protruding webs 113 and 114 which can engage in the associated Kingnuten 111 and 112. Furthermore is the socket 8 is provided with a plurality of grooves 115 in the already described way seals 116 made of soft LIetall or an elastomeric material. In the seals 116 existing gaps or the like can form leakage paths, and therefore the last step in the production of the line connection is after 7 and 8 are preferably liquid or plastic Sealant is pumped into the selected sealant.

> There are only two hydraulic cylinders in FIG

102 and 103 shown, but it should be noted that it is preferable to provide a larger number of such cylinders to to increase the number of anchoring points, to reduce the forces occurring and to tilt impede. The line connection according to FIGS. 7 and 8 is preferably made with the aid after its completion

'909883 / 0U8

BAD ORlGJNAL

known devices rinsed to sand, animals and eliminate other foreign objects, the presence of which will affect the strength of the joint and the waterproofing could.

Finally show 9 "to 12 an embodiment of the invention, used in / the thermite welding process is to produce a weld seam that the end faces of the line ends with the help of a Overheated metal are heated, which is generated by a chemical) see reaction. According to FIG. 11, the Pipelines 12 and 37 brought into alignment with one another, after the device 17 has been used to. to bring the lines in the desired position and the protruding Cut off the end of the line 12. At this Embodiment is a preferably made of steel socket-shaped form 117 used, which is provided on its outside with an insulation 117a and the described retaining ring 66 or the socket 88 is similar; thus represents the retaining ring shown in Figs 66 at the same time both the socket 98 and the socket or form 117 in their position prior to the insertion of the

End 60 of line 12
Ψ

In use, the end 54- of the line 37 is in front

lowering the device to the line 12 with a provided expandable inner support ring 119, in which, according to FIG. 11, an inflatable seal supporting it

118 is arranged made of rubber. ivlan can use different procedures use to place the backup ring 119 in lines 16 and 37. For example, in addition to the the socket 117 forming the shape of the pipe 37 is attached, also the expandable inner support ring

119 lowered together with the line 37. This Ring and the associated device for determining the The position of the ring are shown in FIG. 9A on a pig 119d

909883 / CU48

BATH ORIGINAL

- 55 -

"attached that a predetermined distance into the end 54 of the line 57 has been inserted. after the J-line ends 54 and 60 underwater described in US Pat Way have been brought into alignment, the support ring 119 with the help of the device for determining its Layer moved along a certain distance so that it coincides with the joint between the pipe ends, whereupon it is spread open in order to lie firmly against the inner walls of the line ends 54 and 60.

A mechanical spring device is preferably used to bring the support ring 119 into the correct position, and a hydraulic device is preferably used to spread the ring open. The position determining device is preferably actuated with the aid of a wire line extending through the joint. FIGS. 9A and 9B show the arrangement of the support ring 119 and its design. One can use a hydraulic device 119a, to bring the Hing 119 in the correct position and spread open him _o After aligning the ends of the line the hydraulic device 119a is operated via the wire cable 119b, which extends through the joint up to l / vasseroberflache . The hydraulic device 119a has the effect that the ring 119 is brought into alignment with the joint by the extension of actuating arms 119c "After the actuating arms 119c are fully extended, a valve provided in these arms, not shown, is opened," and the interior of the inflatable Support seal 11'8 is pressurized to cause the segmented support ring 119, which is subdivided into segments, to expand in the region of the joint against the inner surfaces of the lines, as shown in FIG severed.

909883/0448

BATH ORIGINAL

After the end of the welding process, the Pig 119d is pumped out of line 37. The movement of the pig 119d or the application of an internal pressure to the line 37 can serve to create a component of the inflatable support seal 118 forming the seal so that the seal 118 collapses.

After the line ends 60 and 54 are aligned and the support ring 19 are arranged in the correct position, bushing or form 117 in the already with respect to the Retaining ring 66 and the socket 98 described in such a way be moved so that it encloses the joint between the ends of the line. The socket 117 is preferably as a split Socket formed and according to FIGS. 10 and 12 similar to the socket 98 already described with a ™ joint 123 and a locking device. Alternatively, one could also use a solid or one-piece socket or Use shape 117.

If a split mold 117 is used, it can either be removed after the weld has been made or leave them in place »A one-piece socket remains after the lines have been welded. preferably on the junction. In both cases, the bushing according to FIG. 11 is closed hydraulically with the aid of actuating seals 137 with respect to the pipelines temporarily sealed so that they a water seal Delimits cavity. For this purpose, the halves 124 and 125 of the bush 117 are shown in FIG. 8 with respect to the socket 98 described manner closed.

The socket 117 is preferably provided with one or more retorts or reaction chambers and transducers provided with the socket by one or more Pipelines are connected. These pipes should be as short as possible and preferably solid components

9Q9883 / 0U8

BATH

- Form 35 'of the socket wall.

10, a reaction chamber or retort 126 is in communication with a conduit or a Inlet funnel 127, which is preferably a component the inner wall 128 of the socket half 125 forms. An air inlet 129 is connected to the retort 126 and is used to ungsfuge the hollow form 150 between the Rohrlei and the inner wall 128 of the socket 117 air from a not shown, arranged on the water surface Source from feed. A transducer 131 is connected to a line or a connection 132, which is also forms part of the inner wall 128 of the socket half 124. One provided with a check valve 134 The vent port 133 is connected to the pickup 131 for a purpose to be explained.

The respective number and arrangement of the retorts and transducers depend on various factors, e.g. according to whether the molten metal is fed under the action of gravity or under pressure, according to the split or solid construction of the bushing and the heat balance applicable to different parts of the bushing. For the sake of simplicity, iig. 9 and 10 only one Retort and a transducer shown.

The outlet of the retort 126 leading to the line 127 is closed by a tapping plug 135. According to Referring to Fig. 10, this stopper is preferably made of a fusible material, but one could optionally also provide a mechanically operated locking pin. An air channel 129a in the wall of the retort 126 bridges plug 135 and extends from one Point above the plug to a point below the plug. This air duct is used for a still too explanatory way of blowing through the socket or form 117 «

90988 3 / OU 8 i; -; /: -O-v? 'BAD ORIGINAL

Furthermore, a valve 136 is provided at the junction between the line 127 and the hollow mold 130 so that the retort 126 and the line 127 can be sealed against the seawater. The retort 126 is subjected to an internal pressure equal to the water pressure in the vicinity of the retort; For this purpose, a compressed air line (not shown) is provided which leads from the surface of the water to the air inlet 129.

The vent connection 133 of the transducer 131 is connected to the lower part of the socket 117 according to FIG is closed by the check valve 134, so that a flow can escape from the transducer 131, the ingress of seawater in the opposite Direction is prevented.

As already mentioned, the support ring 119 is preferably designed as an expandable ring made of metal which is divided into segments and is supported by a rubber ring according to FIG. 11. If necessary, a steel back-up ring can be used if the ring is to be fused to the weld metal and left in place. The metal ring 119 supported by the rubber ring is used to create a seal on the inner surfaces of the line ends. In connection with the bushing 117 surrounding the line ends, the support ring 119 delimits a chamber which surrounds the joint and is closed to the outside and into which no seawater can penetrate.

In use, the device 17 operates in the manner described with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3 to cut the line end 60 and bring the line ends 54 and 60 into alignment. According to Fig. 11 is the

909883 / (K 4 8

BATH ORIGINAL

Line connection for thermite welding prepared in such a way that that a butt weld connection is made, the width of the weld joint approximately equal to that half the wall thickness of the pipelines. With regard to the width of the joint and the surface quality of the cable ends there are no critical tolerances. Preferably, the end of the line with the help of a cutting torch or tailored using explosives. The surface condition of the pipelines in the vicinity of the Junction is not critical, apart from the fact that a possible coating of concrete or a heavy bituminous material be removed in the manner described with the aid of the tool 80, must. The line ends 54 and 60 must be sufficiently precisely aligned so that the form or socket 117 with a sealing effect with the Outer surfaces of the pipe ends can work together, and that there are no large spaces into which the Filler metal could flow into it; this is discussed in more detail below.

After the lines 12 and 37 in the described Have been arranged coaxially, one uses the device 17 »around the socket 117 in alignment with the joint between the line ends 54 and 60 in the related of the ring 66 and the socket 98 to be braced with the line ends as described. With others In words, in the present embodiment, in which the device 17 according to FIGS. 2 and 3 is used, the should Ring 66 have an internal shape as shown with respect to bush 117. Since the socket 117, the retaining ring and the socket 98 have the same external shape and this Parts in a similar manner on the line ends 54- and are ordered, a more detailed description should be superfluous.

90988370448

ßÄD

Alternatively, the bushing 117 can be a solid cylinder that only attaches to the line ends 54 and 60 is postponed and not braced with them. In both cases the hydraulic seals 137 are then operated in a known manner to create a seal between the socket 117 and the line ends 54, 60 to effect. The inner support ring 119 is then aligned with the Joint placed between the ends of the line and in the manner described with the aid of a remote-controlled device spread open against the inner surfaces of the line ends.

As soon as the bush 117 and the support ring 119 die Assume the correct position, the seawater is removed from the mold 130, that pressurized air through the air inlet 129 and channel 129a through i-s cake 126 is directed. Here, the water is removed from the hollow form via the non-return valve 134 and the vent port 133 of the transducer I3I driven out. After driving out the vi / ater is allowed to flow in a dry stream of air or gas flow through the cavity mold via inlet 129 long enough to dry the interior surfaces of the cavity mold.

After this drying, a 126 in the retort

"Thermit mixture ignited. To initiate the reaction, a known type of thermite igniter, containing e.g. peroxides and aluminum dust, from the surface of the water Ignited with the help of an electrical spark discharge. The ignition powder burns at such a temperature that the ignition temperature of the main charge is reached.

The charge preferably consists of a metal oxide such as iron oxide and aluminum, and its ignition temperature is about 1480 ° C. The charge is before lowering the device to the sea floor 13 into the retort 126 introduced ,, You need, for example, a charge of about

909833/0448

BATH ORIGINAL

11.5 to 13.5 kg of a mixture of three parts of iron oxide and a part of aluminum to weld two pipes with a nominal width of the gap of about 12.5 mm, if the pipes have a diameter of about 305 mm and have a wall thickness of about 16 mm. The exact amount of the charge depends on the design of the form 117 Further components of the charge preferably include alloying elements, by means of which the mechanical properties can be determined, as well as elements for regulating the flowability of the slag.

The thermite reaction preferably takes place within less than a minute as a combustion process. However, it is necessary to allow sufficient time for the slag to rise to the top of the retort 126 after the reaction is complete. Therefore, the retort 126 is preferably closed by a plug 135 ^a fusible Liaterial us, which is arranged in the bottom of the retort and is brought by the hot hietall to melt. Alternatively, instead of the plug 135, a mechanically actuated bolt could be provided.

This initially flows under the action of gravity Lletall overheated in the retort 126 through the hollow shape I30 of the socket 117 and to the lower part of the Sensor 131 »so that the pipe ends are preheated. This flowing metal can initially in the gaps between the bush 117 or the support ring 119 on the one hand and the lines 12 and 37 penetrate. This metal solidifies very quickly and forms a ridge. The seals 118 and 137 can easily be charred here, but this does not affect the effectiveness of the seals.

909883 / 0U9

BATH ORIGINAL

After pulling the pick-up I3I, it begins inflowing metal to fill the hollow mold 130 and to establish the line connection. The transducer 131 must therefore be sized so that a sufficient amount of the overheated metal through the gap between the Pipes can flow to preheat the drill ends. The thermite charge is large enough to ensure that no slag from retort 136 to the parting line flows.

It may be appropriate to have auxiliary devices for preheating critical parts of the mold or socket 117 to be provided. For this purpose, shaped exothermic charges or strip-shaped electrical heating elements are arranged 138, of which only one is shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 for the sake of simplicity, preferably on the Outside of the socket 117 & n »around certain parts of the Preheat socket. Therefore, the construction of the bushing 117 is not as critical as as would be the case without using the preheaters because it is not necessary to do the initial To precisely regulate the flow of the metal into the parting line so that even heating is achieved.

Alternatively, the liquid metal can not be used under the force of gravity, but under the action of a print. Fig. 12 shows an arrangement at which the retort 126 and the transducer 131 of FIG. 10 are interchanged, so that one is fed with pressure working device gets. In FIG. 12, components shown in FIG. 10 are corresponding components in each case designated by the same reference numbers, to which a mark has been added in some cases. In the In the arrangement according to FIG. 12, an overpressure is created in the upper part of the retort 126 with the aid of a compressed air line 129 ' which causes the molten metal to come out

909883/0 4 48

BAD ORfGiNAL

the Ketorte 126 'arranged near the lower part of the socket 117 is conveyed to the lower part of the hollow mold 130, then through the socket 117 to the top and finally to the receiver 131' arranged near the upper part of the socket 117. The other reference numerals provided with identification marks apply to parts which correspond to parts shown in FIG. 10, so that further explanation is unnecessary _{or the like}

The last-described method for supplying the molten metal under pressure offers a significant advantage over the method described with reference to FIG. 10. When the melt is fed in under pressure, the bush or mold 117 is filled from the bottom to the top so that the air can escape from the upper part of the bush during the filling process. In the arrangement using the force of gravity, the liquid metal enters the upper part of the socket II7. The air contained in the sleeve must flow counter to the supplied metal to move to the upper portion of the sleeve and from it to escape _o Because of the small dimensions of the hollow mold 130, which is needed in the welding of pipes, there is the danger that air in the weld metal is included, so that a porous weld is formed. In this case, the bushing 117 according to FIGS. 9 to 11 can alternatively be provided with ventilation channels (not shown) if the pressure supply method described with reference to FIG. 12 is not to be used

Finally, after the lines have been connected, the split bushing 117 is preferably removed, the inner surfaces the mold I30 are preferably with a ceramic material 139 lined so that the socket 117 can be easily separated from the weld. When using a one-piece bushing 117 remains

909883 / OUa

BATH ORIGINAL

the socket after connecting the lines In place, and their presence does not adversely affect the pipelines.

In both cases, the lines of the retort and the transducer are preferably below the socket 117 Use of explosive detached then causes the support ring 119 to collapse, whereupon he With the help of a pig is removed, which is transported in a known manner through the pipeline in question will.

If necessary, a remotely controllable viewing device can be used in connection with the device 17, e.g. use a television camera 140 associated with the control device 20 is connected to the boat 16 by serving for energy transmission cables 22 and / or 23, so that the various phases of operation of the device can be observed.

Claims

9Ö9883 / 0U8

Claims (36)

Claims 1. Device for connecting two pipelines underwater on the seabed, marked by a frame (21), stabilizing and supporting devices (28) extending downwards from the frame, by which the frame is held in a stable upright position on the seabed (13), a first on the Frame-mounted device (38) with which the first (12) of the two pipes (12,37) is held in place so that it overlaps the second conduit (37), one on the frame attached second clamping device (39 »39a), with which the second pipe (37) in a predetermined position opposite the frame, a pipe cutter (55) attached to the frame for cutting off the the second pipeline overlapping part (53) of the first pipeline, a device arranged on the frame, with which the cut end of the first pipe can be brought into alignment with the second pipe, as well as a device cooperating with the frame, with which the first pipeline with the second pipeline can be firmly connected coaxially. 2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by a guide rope (14) attached to the first pipeline (12) and a guide rope (14) arranged on the frame (21), guide device (18) interacting with this rope, to bring the frame together with the first pipeline and to be able to clamp the first pipeline. 8O9883 / OU0 1934894 3. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by a drive device (32) arranged on the frame (21) for moving the frame in the water. 4. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the clamping device (38,39,39a) hydraulically operated cylinders (43,44) for their actuation. 5. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the cutting device is a sawing device (55) with a circular saw blade (56) with which the end portion overlapping the second pipe (37) (53) of the first pipe (12) can be cut off from this. 6. Apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that the saw blade (56) on the frame (21) is arranged so that it makes a cut substantially in the same plane in which the free end (54) the second pipe (37) lies. 7. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by a device provided on the frame (21) for removing the cut end portion (53) of the first Pipe (12). 8. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that it draws g e k e η that the device for aligning the first pipe (12) on the second pipe (37) a ν includes previously adjustable power actuator with which the cut end of the first pipeline holding jig (38) can be pivoted along a predetermined distance so that the cut End at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the pipelines (12, 37) is moved to the first pipeline coaxially with to be arranged in the second pipeline. 909883 / (U48 ORIGINAL 9. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that a device (81, 85) is provided, with which the cut end of the first pipeline (12) can be prepared to then use the second pipe (37) can be connected. 10. The device according to claim 9, characterized in that g e ke η η, that the device (81,85) for preparing the cut end of the first pipeline (12) a includes die flange (61) attached to the device and slidable onto the cut end of the first pipeline before it is brought into alignment with the second pipe (37) and one with the die flange connected device with which the cut end (60) of the first pipe with a flange or Collar (71) can be provided. 11. The device according to claim 10, characterized in that the device (81,85) for preparing of the cut end of the first pipeline (12) comprises a processing device (80,84,96) with which the cut end can be machined so that its outer diameter corresponds to the predetermined inner diameter of the die flange (61) corresponds. 12. The device according to claim 10, characterized in that the device for generating the flange (71) comprises an explosive charge (68) which cooperates with the die flange (61 \ to the cut end (60) of the first pipeline (12) to provide the flange mentioned. 13. The apparatus according to claim 12, characterized in that the device for connecting the Pipelines (12,37) comprises a flange (72) which is welded to the free end of the second pipeline and which is designed in this way is that he has aligned pipelines 9Q988 3 / CH48 with a sealing effect on the die flange (61) and that on the frame (21) a third clamping device (66) is provided, which cooperates with inclined surfaces on the welded flange and the die flange, around the welded flange and the die flange together with the pipelines with a sealing effect to pull against each other. 14. The apparatus according to claim 13, characterized in that the third clamping device (66) is a split clamp with two hinged jaws (78,71) and that the frame (21) also has a device (90) for moving the split clamp, with which the clamp is welded to the Flange (72) and die flange (61) can be aligned, and a power operated device (102,103), with which the split clamp can be closed around the two flanges. 15. The device according to claim 9, characterized that the device (81,85) for preparing the cut end of the first pipeline (12) a Machining device (84) comprises, with the on the peripheral surface of the cut line end an annular groove (111) can be produced, the free end (54) of the second Pipeline (37) has an annular groove (112) identical to this annular groove, and that the device for connecting the pipelines (12,37) comprises a third clamping device (98) which engages in the annular grooves (111,112) after inside projecting ribs (113,11.4) is provided. 16 device according to claim 15, characterized in that the third clamping device (98) is a split clamp with two hinged jaws or halves (90,100) that is on the frame (21) a device (90) for moving the tensioning clamp is arranged, with which the tensioning clamp has annular grooves (111,112) can be aligned, and that a power-operated 909883/0448 te device (102,103) is provided with which the split clamp can be closed so that the ribs (113, 114) engage in the annular grooves, whereby the clamp tiie encloses both pipelines (12,37) and a seal is effected between the clamp and the pipelines. 17. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the device for connecting the Pipelines (12,37) comprises an insulated on its outside, a form-forming socket (1115, which with each other aligned pipe ends can be brought into a position in which they both the cut end of the first pipe as well as enclosing the free end of the second pipeline, and which is designed so that it is between its inner wall and a hollow shape (130) defines the outer surfaces of the conduits; a reaction chamber connected to the socket (126,126) for receiving a thermite mixture with a pipe (127, 127 ') »an air inlet (129,129') connected to the reaction chamber and the hollow mold» via the Air can be supplied to the hollow mold via the reaction chamber; a transducer (131,131 ') connected to the socket with a pipe leading to the hollow mold (132,132 ·); a venting device connected to the transducer (133.135 ') with a check valve (134.134 ·), which only allowing flow from the susceptor to the venting device; and one supported by the second pipeline (37) insulated expandable support ring (119), which can be brought into a position when the pipe ends are in alignment, in which it rests sealingly against the inner walls of both pipelines at the joint of the pipelines. 18. Apparatus according to claim 17, characterized in that the thermite mixture consists essentially of Iron oxide and aluminum consists that in the pipeline (127, 127 ') of the reaction chamber (126,126 ·) a valve (136,136 ·) is provided, by means of which the supply of the generated during the ignition of the thermite mixture in the reaction chamber 9098R3 / 0UR molten metal to the die (130) can be controlled can, and that a fusible tapping plug between the reaction chamber and the pipeline adjoining it (135t135 ') is arranged, to which a surrounding channel (129a) for the incoming via the air inlet Air is provided so that the ignition of the ^ hermit mixture After the reaction has ended, the resulting slag will rise to the upper part of the reaction chamber can. 19. The device according to claim 18, characterized in that the reaction chamber (126) on the upper Part of the bushing (117) forming the shape and the receiver (131) is arranged on the lower part of the bushing. 20. The device according to claim 18, characterized in that g e ke η η, that the reaction chamber (126 ·) at the lower part of the mold forming sleeve (117) and the Pick-up (131 ') arranged on the upper part of the socket 21. The device according to claim 18, characterized in that the bushing (117) which forms the shape comprises two halves (124,125) connected to one another in an articulated manner, and that a device (90,102, 103) is arranged, with which the two-part bushing can be moved around it with the mutually adjoining ends to bring the aligned pipes (12,37) into engagement. 22. The device according to claim 21, characterized that the hollow mold (130) is lined with a ceramic material (139). 909883 / 0U8 23. The device according to claim 18, characterized in that that the bushing forming the mold is a one-piece cylindrical bushing (117), and that a device (90) is arranged on the frame (21), with which the socket can be displaced so that it the adjacent ends of the aligned pipes (12,37) overlaps. 24. The device according to claim 17, characterized by cooperating with the bushing (117) that forms the mold Auxiliary heaters (138) for selectively preheating certain parts of the bushing. 25. Device for displaying the position of the free end of an underwater pipeline on the surface of the water Use in connection with a device according to claim 1 for connecting two pipelines on the seabed, characterized by a pig (11) which is movable within the pipeline (12) and has a self central main body (223) coaxial with the pipeline; a rod slidably guided in this (22?); a buoyant part or a buoy (15) releasably connected to the rod; Slips (248), the can attack the inner wall of the pipeline; an actuating device (243,244, 245) for the slip pads that come into effect when the rod is moved in the direction of movement of the pig, one Biasing means (251) for biasing the rod in the direction of movement of the pig in the pipeline; one on the pig attached expandable-en release device (215), which both with the inner wall of the pipeline as well as cooperating with the rod to move the rod against the force of the pretensioner in its rest position to keep; an actuating device (226) cooperating with the triggering devices, with which the The triggering device is disengaged from the rod as soon as the triggering device emerges from the pipeline, to release the rod so that it is in the 909883 / 0U8 Can move the direction of movement of the pig and actuated the device for actuating the slips to the Engaging slips with the inner wall of the conduit; one with the rod and the buoyant one Part cooperating device (228,235) for releasing the buoyant part when the rod is released by the release devices; as well as one that cooperates with the buoyant part and the pig Indicator line (14) to indicate the position of the free end of the pipeline on the surface of the water. 26. The device according to claim 25, characterized in that the release device is under spring tension comprises standing, rotatably mounted release plates (215), on which one is located on the inner wall of the pipeline (12) supporting roller (217) is mounted, wherein the spring (216) the release plate opposite the main body (223) outwardly biased, and wherein the trip plate from a position in which it is both with the rod (227) as also cooperates with the inner wall of the pipeline, in an outwardly pivoted position with respect to the rod is brought as soon as it has emerged from the pipeline. 27. The device according to claim 26, characterized in that the main body (223) with Slots (224) and that each release plate (215) includes a lip portion (225) extending through the associated slot protrudes inward and holds the rod as long as the release plate on the inner wall of the Pipeline (12) is in contact. 909883 / 0U8 28. The device according to claim 27, characterized in that the rod (227) has a remote Section (227a) includes so that the rod has a shoulder (226) and that the lip portion (225) of the release plates (215) rests on the shoulder when the release plates are supported on the inner wall of the pipeline (12) to to hold the rod against the force of the pretensioning device (251). 29. The device according to claim 25, characterized by arranged on the main body (223) with the Inner surface of the conduit (12) cooperating elastic scrapers (222,251a). 30. The device according to claim 25, characterized in that the buoyant part is a buoy (15) with a buoyancy generating head section (231) and a rear section (232) is that on the rear section abutments (229,235) are provided which are connected to the rod (227) work together when this is in the main body (223) in its rest position, and that one with the Buoy and the main body cooperating shear device (235) is provided which is sheared when the rod is moved in the direction of movement of the pig (11) in the pipeline (12). 31. The device according to claim 30, characterized in that the display line (14) is endless Loop and is attached to both the rod (227) and the buoy (15), and that the buoy dine towards its rear end has an open recess in which the front part of the rod is arranged when this is in the main body (223) in its rest position. 32. Apparatus according to claim 25, characterized in that the device (245) for actuating the Slipping wedges (248) have an opening (244) facing the main body (223) and one in the direction of movement of the 909883/0 448. Pig (11) in the pipeline (12) tapering outer surface has that the rod (227) has a bolt (243) that fits into the opening of the actuating device, that each slip is provided with a plurality of resilient teeth (249) which are located on the inner surface of the pipeline can anchor when they are brought to rest on your that the slips have a conical inner surface, the. tapers at the same angle as the outer surface of the actuator, and that the tapered outer surface of the actuator along the tapered inner surface of the slips when the rod is released and moved by the pretensioner (251) is advanced to move the slips outwardly of the rod so that they meet the inner surface anchor the pipe. 33. Apparatus according to claim 25, characterized through a pressure relief valve (254) attached to the main body (223) which has a pressure relief valve (254) into the pipeline (12) to the Moving the pig allows pumped fluid to pass through the main body when the slip pads (248) are on the Have anchored the inner wall of the pipeline (12) so that the fluid can flow past the main body and escape from the free end of the pipeline. 34. Apparatus according to claim 33, characterized in that the pressure relief valve is in the main body (223) is built-in spring-loaded pressure relief valve (254), and that main body and rod (227) have a passage through which the fluid flows past the pig (11) and out of the free end of the pipeline (12) can escape. 35. Apparatus according to claim 25, characterized in that the triggering devices (215) in the Pig (11) are arranged in such a way that the rod (227) is only 909883 / 0U8 is given when all tripping devices (215) are actuated. 36. Apparatus according to claim 25, characterized in that g e k e η η draws that the pretensioning device (251) is designed so that the force is increased with which the slips (248) are pressed against the inner wall of the conduit (12) when on the front end a tensile force acts on the rod (227).