DE102005034803A1 - Procedure for production of artificial dentures in shape of individual or groups of teeth involves measuring upper as well as lower jaw and sending the data to computer in digital form - Google Patents

Abstract

The procedure for producing artificial dentures involves measuring upper and lower jaw and sending the data to computer in digital form. Adjustment from upper to lower jaw is done in accordance with the measured data. The occlusion and articulate movements are carried out in computer. The gaps and missing teeth are replaced virtually by selecting from the stored spare teeth.

Description

• a) die Kieferverhältnisse des Ober- und Unterkiefers intraoral erfasst und die Messdaten in digitale Form umgewandelt einem Computer zugeführt werden,
• b) der Oberkiefer und Unterkiefer lagerichtig zueinander ausgerichtet werden und
• c) gegebenenfalls die schädelorientierte Lage des Oberkiefers ermittelt wird.

The invention relates to a method for the production of dental prostheses in the form of individual teeth or groups of teeth in the dental composite of a jaw, in which

• a) the jaw conditions of the upper and lower jaw are recorded intraorally and the measured data converted into digital form are fed to a computer,
• b) the upper jaw and lower jaw are aligned in the correct position to each other and
• c) if necessary, the skull-oriented position of the upper jaw is determined.

It It is already known to make dentures partly automatically.

A method for producing a dental prosthesis in which the spatial information of the prosthesis receiving tooth stump or implant are taken up intraorally, including those on the vicinity of the prosthesis to be manufactured and digitized, is in the DE 101 31 131 B4 described.

Furthermore For example, it is known from WO 01/41670 A1, in conventional Way shaped models of pine or jaw extraoral to scan and in this way digital files of the spatial Create conditions based on the models.

A process for the production of dentures and implants with CAD / CAM devices including prefabricated parts is also in the EP 0904743 A2 described. Here, defined preparation instruments and / or prefabricated Zahnergänzungsteile be created as a starting point for a CAD / CAM process and the software program of the CAD / CAM process contains known geometric shapes, at least for sub-areas and is used to an optimal fit between the prefabricated parts and achieve the individually created dentures, in which the known geometric shape is used for calculating the denture and / or the implant in the area of the known sub-areas and a correction of the measurement in the area of the sub-areas.

at However, this known method for the production of dentures is still insufficient consideration the correct arrangement of the upper jaw and the lower jaw according to the occlusion and articulation movements and also not yet skull-oriented Location of the upper jaw included.

From the DE 101 08 295 B4 A method for identifying teeth on digital radiographs and assigning information to digital radiographs is known. Here, the possible objects / teeth imaging areas are determined with image processing algorithms by segmentation and / or edge detection of the X-ray and computed these areas for further determination with the parameters of the X-ray device used to create the X-ray.

Of the Invention is based on the object, the production of dentures continue to automate and thus more economical to produce to design.

According to the invention is starting of the generic method proposed to develop this in such a way that the with respect to the orientation from upper jaw to lower jaw according to b) and optionally concerning the skull oriented Position of the upper jaw obtained according to c) Data converted to digital form can be fed to the computer and with the digital measurement data of the maxilla and mandible according to a) virtual Models are preserved and the virtual models in the correct position in a virtual articulator are introduced so that occlusion movements and articulation movements are performed in the computer and conventionally produced and digitized in the replacement teeth stored on the computer that match the virtual model replacement teeth virtually selected and virtually filled in the gaps in the rows of teeth or the completely missing teeth be replaced and then the functionality of the virtually selected Tooth replacement is checked by means of the virtual articulator.

advantageous Further developments of the invention are the characterizing features the dependent claims removable.

to execution the method according to the invention for the automated production of dentures are the following Process steps performed:

1. Production from complete models to impressions and bites before beginning work

• a) Erfassung der Kieferverhältnisse des Ober- und Unterkiefers durch bekannte Verfahren, z. B. Scannen und Umwandlung dieser Daten in digitale Form
• b) Ausrichten des Ober- und Unterkiefers mit Hilfe von geeigneten Mitteln, z. B. sogenannten Bissnahmen oder Quetschbissen lagerichtig zueinander
• c) gegebenenfalls Ermitteln der schädelorientierten Lage des Oberkiefers mit geeigneten Mitteln wie Gesichtsbogenregistrierung
• d) Umwandeln der aus b) und gegebenenfalls c) ermittelten Werte in digitale Daten und lagerichtiges Einbringen dieser virtuellen Modelle mit den Daten des Oberkiefer- und Unterkiefer-Modells gemäß a) in einen sogenannten „virtuellen Artikulator", so dass man die Okklusions- und Artikulationsbewegungen im Computer ausführen kann.

Transfer the work documents to the digital state to create a digital virtual articulator

• a) detection of the jaw conditions of the upper and lower jaw by known methods, eg. B. Scan and convert this data to digita le form
• b) Aligning the upper and lower jaw with the help of suitable means, eg. B. so-called bite or squeezing in the correct position to each other
• (c) where appropriate, determining the skull-oriented position of the upper jaw by appropriate means such as facial arch registration
• d) converting the values determined from b) and optionally c) into digital data and placing these virtual models in the correct position with the data of the upper and lower jaw model according to a) into a so-called "virtual articulator", so that the occlusion and Perform articulation movements in the computer.

in this connection be complete before starting work from the initial situation Models made from the maxilla and mandible. These models be complete Scanned and digitized. With the help of z. B. a bite and its detection in the computer, it is possible to correct the models Align to each other in the computer. In this way it is possible the to clamp digitized models in a virtual articulator and to perform virtual chewing movements in the computer. By the possibly additional Determination of the crankshaftlichen Position of the upper jaw with a facebow or a comparable Procedure and transmission of the model in a defined device it is possible, too the skull-related To detect the position of the upper jaw. By creating protrusion and laterotrusion bites joint-related Measurements are included in the dataset. That's the way it is possible, to record the given patient situation in the computer.

2. Investigation of suitable substitute forms for the dentures

Out manufactured and digitized replacement teeth the for selected tooth shapes on the computer in the present case. On the basis of the information gained will now be the patient situation in size and shape determined tooth shapes. This is done from given shapes, such as Vita-Pysiodents forms. To determine the tooth shapes can, if available, the teeth the other half of the jaw be used. If this is not the case, then serve for the determination the tooth size and shape the jaw size and striking Points on the jaw. In total prosthetics, the corresponding Teeth out the jaw distance (determined by biting or by scanning the old prostheses) and size in conjunction with determine further characteristics.

3. Restoration the complete restoration with the help of the selected replacement teeth

With according to the step 2 selected replacement teeth become virtually the gaps filled in the rows of teeth or the completely missing teeth replaced. Subsequently will the functionality of the Dental prosthesis using the virtual articulator function described under d) checked. Out the remaining possibly existing dentition (the by mirroring from the other half of the jaw the same jaw can be used to fill the existing tooth gaps) and / or made-to-order and digitized replacement teeth, the for the present case in size and shape, become the incomplete Tooth rows added to a closed row of teeth and through virtual chewing movements checked for their function by means of the "virtual articulator function" described under 4. After Completion of this work is the patient "virtually supplied." The denture is restored, the rows of teeth are completely closed and repaired again.

It So with the help of the selected teeth and supplementation and / or correction of the remaining teeth the entire jaw restored virtually in the computer. The Buying functions can be simulated in advance.

In a possible Intermediate step can now become functional and cosmetic or aesthetic Plastic control (with build-up or ablation process) a molded part are created, which then tried on patients can be. With this try-in, with the cooperation of the patient the cosmetics are assessed and possibly modified. Furthermore let yourself in the patient's mouth the function (bite height, occlusion, articulation) test and correct if necessary. The so changed molding It is now used to re-scan it to update the values in the computer.

There the forms of fitted teeth can be in digital form these directly for controlling appropriate formaufbauender or ablative Machines for The tooth production can be used or even online or offline be transferred to corresponding tooth manufacturers.

4. Production the for Need the dentures components

The production of the individual parts for the denture is now divided into several production rails, namely in:
Replacement teeth
Base metal / plastic base,
Crowns and bridge elements
either as pure crowns and / or bridges with fine-mechanical holding elements (also for veneering, which are produced in a separate process as semi-finished parts), or in several steps as partially copying elements (with and without veneer).

For the production the replacement teeth will be the selected ones Tooth blanks (conventionally made teeth) machined into shape. For this purpose must they are machine-suitable, that is, the teeth must be in a suitable Fix the machine for machining.

The Become teeth now in all dimensions to the given space z. B. adjusted by grinding. That is, it becomes the occlusal surface for Counterbite (or missing mating teeth to a virtual occlusal plane) appropriately ground and the teeth optionally fitted in an approximal and / or buccolingual manner. in this connection become abrasions and other parameters relevant to the chewing motion taken into account. The basal configuration of the teeth is of particular importance. Here is the tooth with a special relief / profile provided, in the form that he later in the correct position on the base can be positioned (key-lock principle).

For the production The metal base is this after planning and design on the computer machined in suitable processes. It is crucial here, that - if the replacement teeth one appropriate basal design experienced - in the area of the to be replaced Teeth the counterpart in the basal plane the relief / profile of the particular tooth (key-lock-principle), so that the tooth position correctly and with the base connect.

Analogous to that for The metal base method described may also be a plastic base (with constructive or ablative process) with appropriate Tooth measures were produced. That way you can also after this procedure with partial and total dentures Produce plastic base.

With Help of the obtained digital data can thus be computer aided Created metal base or a plastic base building or removing become. It is crucial that in the places where in the prosthesis the teeth stand, recordings are, so that here the teeth in the correct position can position without confusion. On the other hand, now the chosen Teeth in adapted to another process by machine. On the one hand, eventual Impurities in the Counterbite or to the neighboring teeth removed by grinding, on the other hand may be at the bottom the tooth's counterpart to the inclusion described in the previous paragraph, so that the tooth is on the key-lock principle the right place in the manufactured base fits.

If a modification of the prefabricated teeth is not required (eg possible with full dentures), can Tooth recordings of the base are designed so that due to the existing basal shape of the teeth These can be clearly positioned. That way you can to save the process of machine adaptation. This is because that the previously manufactured teeth In their current form in the basal area often clearly assign are.

Next a functional and basal processing of tooth blanks exists furthermore the possibility if still natural Teeth of the Opposite side of the same jaw are present (especially in the anterior region) first the data of these teeth too mirror, then from existing prefabricated teeth the most similar to select dimensioned and then, according to the digital data, these cosmetically, anatomically machine to achieve optimum cosmetics.

A alternative variant for modifying already manufactured teeth exists in it, after the virtually obtained data the necessary teeth in the building up To create procedures.

The pretreated teeth can now easily be connected to the base manually or by machine.

at the production of dentures with crown and / or bridge portions (with and without share parts) and / or telekopierenden units comes an additional Adding a production rail.

After, as described under 1. the preparatory measures are completed, the preparation of the teeth in question. There is a reprint. After making a suitable model (saw model) it is scanned again. The model with the ground stumps is now brought into virtual coincidence with the model of the initial situation via the unaltered areas (unpolished teeth), so that the new model is again in the correct position in the virtual articulator. If there are not enough residual teeth left to balance, there is the option of performing the preparation in two stages, after which an intermediate impression is taken after the first preparation phase (the previously ground teeth must not be changed) and one after preparation final impression is created. With With the help of the two models thus obtained, one can transfer the current situation in two stages. As an alternative, it is possible to rebuild the saw model with the help of a new bite.

By covering of the virtual created work (see 3.) with the new model with the polished teeth let yourself Easily determine if teeth are sufficient prepared are and the virtual dentures can be implemented. If that is not the case, on the one hand there is the possibility of so-called Schleifkäppchen too finished in the disturbing stump shares from the skullcap protrude and can be prepared by the practitioner, or to others the opportunity when the teeth not repaired can be to adapt the virtual work to the new circumstances. The Scaffolding for crowns, bridges or telescopes will now be according to the scanned saw models with the appropriate procedures in the appropriate materials factory produced.

to Saving of precious metal is possible with cast crowns to shape them so that on the one hand the crown is both cervical ribbon-like, as well occlusally (Kauflächenwärts) on groomed Tooth stump rests, on the other hand, the outer anatomical shape in sufficient Strength is formed and in the non-supporting areas a cavity is left. This is the anatomical shape of the crown Given from the inside, the crown is now skeletonized before, so a support is given on the tooth stump, but only the minimum necessary amount Metal is used. For bridge members to the veneer by forming them on the statically necessary likewise Save metal. If metal scaffolding created in the building process is this approach also in so-called NEM (non-precious metal) scaffolds advantageous because the Reduce construction times.

For the delusions be based on the virtually create work under 3. and the created scaffolding (from the different volume of both) mechanically facing shells, depending on requirements made of plastic or ceramic. The procedure is comparable to the method described under 4. "teeth" of replacement teeth. The veneering shells made of plastic or ceramic be on the metal scaffolding polymerized on plastic, fired or glued on ceramic become.

By the determination of the three-dimensional extent of the replacement teeth and the known dimension of the remaining teeth, the preparation of it is now to be used for fixed dentures possible, the support structures like bridge scaffolds, implant posts and optimally dimensioning removable bases made of metal or plastic, yes even to arrange that by suitable shots in the Bases (as already described elsewhere) the dentures can be rationally produced.

at Crowns and bridge constructions is it also possible from the difference arising from the bridge framework and the virtually determined outer shape results, machine veneer shells made of suitable material (eg. Plastic or ceramic), which then only on the framework must be polymerized or burned on.

According to the invention is a Proposed method in which the dentures before making the same in its dimensions is set virtually, so the sizing the individual components can be optimally determined.

Of Further, according to the invention, a method proposed in which suitable veneers for veneering from dentures by machine to virtually determined dimensions can be made, which then connected to the scaffolding without much effort can be.

5. Procedure for the production of ceramic veneers on machine-made scaffolding

First, will based on the framework dimensioning made of heat resistant Material an analogous framework which corresponds in its extent to the buccal and occlusal surface. The material has the same shrinkage properties as the veneering ceramic. The analogous framework will correspond to the shrinkage larger dimensions, so that ceramic and analogous framework material shrink immediately during the firing process. The ceramic mass is now mechanically on the analog framework according to stratification guidelines applied. As a basis for the stratification can serve the values provided by a color picker. In this way Is it possible, manufacture individually layered veneers. The different ceramic materials are mixed in containers before and be with cannulas applied under pressure to the analog framework. As a basis for the dimensioning of the veneer serve the values that are resulting from the created virtual restoration. After the completed firings becomes the scaffold made of heat resistant Material removed. The veneer will now be with ceramic material on the scaffolding fired.

6. Subsequent production individual parts of the tooth replacement or restoration of the entire replacement

The Data obtained in the manufacture of the dentures can be saved be, then later in the manufacture of individual parts, in case of loss or repair, to serve as a basis. So can z. B. individual invoiced veneers can be replenished and later be integrated into the dentures. This can even be fixed in the Mouth cemented works are done by the newly manufactured Glued on like a thimble on the framework in the mouth becomes. With removable parts a new production is lost gone or destroyed Parts easier. In total prosthetics lost prostheses without Difficulties are completely replaced.

By the incorporation of a tool holder in the new full denture is it even possible with the help of the stored data and the clearly defined position the tool holder later relined and the changed To remake jaw-adapted prostheses by rescanning.

To the method of the invention can for the production of so-called full dentures also on the stored Data used which were collected at a time when still the complete or partial dentition of a patient was received and thus the vertical dimension and bite as well as size, shape and position of the teeth in the Pine at the time of data collection are still given.

It are used in both manufacturing and digitizing the models both size, shape and position of the teeth in the jaw as well as the position of the jaw to each other as well as the further recorded anatomical areas on the jaw described below and with saved.

at Patients with complete Tooth loss makes it difficult to impossible, shape, size and position the teeth in the jaw to reconstruct correctly. Even if from the pines in the dentate state still models exist, is a correct Reconstruction under circumstances difficult.

By the obtained and archived data, it is now possible, the Models of the edentulous jaw, after being digitized, through coverage the immutable Areas of the edentulous jaw with the archived data of the still dentate models first align in their position to each other and then the size, shape and position of the appropriate replacement teeth in relation to the jaw and to each other on the computer set.

• a) Herstellung von Modellen, möglichst zu einem Zeitpunkt, an dem diese noch bezahnt sind und die Festlegung der Bisshöhe und Lage noch gegeben ist. Hierbei ist im Besonderen darauf zu achten, dass im Oberkiefer neben den Zähnen die Papilla incisiva und der Bereich der Gaumenfalten sowie die Tuber maxillae und im Unterkiefer die retromolaren Dreiecke sowie der tiefste Punkt der Umschlagfalte seitlich neben dem Lippenbändchen korrekt abgeformt sind. Diesen anatomischen Punkten und Bereichen kommt eine große Bedeutung zu, da diese auch nach Verlust aller Zähne in ihrer Lage weitestgehend positionsstabil bleiben. Des Weiteren können andere Punkte und Bereiche, die diese Anforderungen erfüllen, in die Datenerfassung mit einbezogen werden.
• b) Die Modelle werden, wie schon anderweitig beschrieben, mit einem Scanner erfasst, digitalisiert und virtuell einartikuliert. Eventuell fehlende Zähne werden, wie ebenfalls beschrieben, virtuell ergänzt. Die gewonnenen Daten werden zur späteren Verwendung abgespeichert und archiviert. Die Daten können in Folge als Grundlage für die Anfertigung von verschieden Formen von Zahnersatz dienen.
• c) Bei vollständigem Zahnverlust werden von den unbezahnten Kiefern sogenannte Funktionsabdrücke und in Folge Funktionsmodelle angefertigt und in geschilderter Weise eingescannt und digitalisiert. Die digitalisierten Funktionsmodelle werden mit den archivierten Daten an den wie unter a) beschrieben Punkten und Bereichen in Deckung gebracht. Da diese sich auch bei Zahnverlust nur unwesentlich in ihrer Position verändern, lassen sich die Funktionsmodelle durch Überdeckung lagerichtig zueinander ausrichten. Des Weiteren lassen sich die Modelle mit der gleichen Technik virtuell mittelwertig bzw. schädelorientiert einartikulieren. Somit wird das Anfertigen von Bissnahmen und das Nehmen des Bisses beim Patienten überflüssig.
• d) Der entscheidende Vorteil ergibt sich aus der Tatsache, dass in den archivierten Daten (siehe a) nicht nur Größe und Form der Zähne gespeichert sind, der noch größere Vorteil liegt in der Tatsache, dass die relative Position der einzelnen Zähne zu den unter a) beschriebenen unveränderlichen Punkten und Bereichen am Kiefer bekannt sind und somit in Größe und Form passende Ersatzzähne virtuell in gleicher Relation zu diesen am Rechner „aufgestellt" werden können Die freien Bereiche zwischen den „im Raum stehenden Zähnen" und dem Kieferkamm werden nun einfach virtuell in Form einer Prothesenbasis „aufgefüllt". Die Herstellung der Prothesen erfolgt dann, wie schon an anderer Stelle beschrieben, auf Grundlage der gewonnenen Daten mit geeigneten Maschinen und Fertigungsmethoden.

With the data thus obtained, the total prostheses can now be machined. For this purpose, the following procedure is proposed:

• a) Manufacture of models, if possible at a time when these are still dentate and the determination of the bite height and situation is still given. Particular care should be taken to ensure that the incisive papilla, the palatine fold, the maxillary tuberosity and, in the lower jaw, the retromolar triangles and the deepest point of the invagination fold in the upper jaw are correctly shaped next to the lip band. These anatomical points and areas are of great importance, as they remain largely stable in position even after the loss of all their teeth. Furthermore, other points and areas that meet these requirements may be included in the data collection.
• b) The models are, as already described elsewhere, detected with a scanner, digitized and virtually articulated. Any missing teeth are, as also described, added virtually. The data obtained will be stored and archived for later use. The data can serve as a basis for the preparation of different forms of dentures.
• c) In case of complete tooth loss so-called functional impressions and subsequently function models are made of the edentulous pines and scanned and digitized as described. The digitized function models are brought into coincidence with the archived data at the points and areas as described under a). Since these change only insignificantly in their position even with tooth loss, the functional models can be aligned in the correct position by covering each other. Furthermore, the models can be articulated using the same technique virtually mean or skull-oriented. This eliminates the need to make bites and take the patient's bite.
• d) The decisive advantage stems from the fact that not only the size and shape of the teeth are stored in the archived data (see a), the even greater advantage lies in the fact that the relative position of the individual teeth to those under a ) and thus in size and shape fitting replacement teeth can be virtually "erected" in the same relation to these on the computer The free areas between the "standing in space teeth" and the alveolar ridge are now virtually in Form of a prosthesis base "filled in." The preparation of the prostheses then takes place, as already described elsewhere Basis of the obtained data with suitable machines and production methods.

The Here described method for the production of total dentures is far superior to the previously practiced craftsmanship, since even with existing, from former times originating, dented Situation models neither copy the shape and size so accurately and yet less the position of the teeth in the jaw system.

Of Further, it prepares a patient who is not natural Teeth more has in the mouth, sometimes big Difficulties, in the bite taking bite height and bite position without clue through your own teeth correct to find and take.

to Use of the possibilities which arise with the method described here, it is of enormous Meaning, in the stages of life in which the dentition still in complete intact state, to digitize and archive it, as this information continues to grow throughout life get lost and then only inadequate or at all no longer reproduce. The won and archived Data are already in the production of crowns and bridges and / or Partial tooth replacement of large Use.

7. Training the basal side of the teeth with a distinctive pattern

The According to the invention manufactured replacement teeth can be found in the Production already at the bottom (basal surface) with a clearly definable unmistakable inclusion or relief provided, so they, if on the teeth No corrections are needed without further customization can come.

As a general rule it is appropriate, the Teeth on the Underside (basal surface) with a clearly definable unmistakable image or relief so that even in cases where adjustments to the teeth must be made not in principle must be provided with said recording and thus machine working time can be saved.

Thus, according to the invention proposed a method according to which the Basal side (underside) of the teeth with a distinctive pattern, relief are provided (as part the production) of the kind that depending on the position of the tooth in the dentition a specific pattern exists, so for the possible 28 teeth to be replaced 28 forms.

• – Verfahren, mit dem aus digitalisierten Daten des Ober- und Unterkiefers des Patienten mit den entsprechenden Daten zur Bisslage im Computer die Öffnungs-, Schließ- und Kaubewegungen virtuell in einem virtuellen Artikulator nachgeahmt werden können;
• – Auswahl von Ersatzzähnen aufgrund der Informationen der noch vorhandenen Restzähne bzw. der Informationen die sich aus den Dimensionsverhältnissen der Kiefer und der Lagebeziehung der Kiefer zueinander ergeben;
• – Herstellung schleimhautgetragener Prothesenbasen;
• – Verfahren zur Bestimmung der lagerichtigen Position des Ersatzzahnes auf dem Kiefer;
• – Methode zur Herstellung einer Zahnaufnahme (Sitz) in Prothesenbasen zur Aufnahme eines Ersatzzahnes;
• – Methode zur Gestaltung des Basalbereiches von Zähnen, so dass diese lagerichtig in die Zahnaufnahme (Sitz der Prothesenbasis) passt.

For an automated method for producing dental prostheses, the invention proposes the following method measures:

• - Method, with which the opening, closing and chewing movements can be imitated virtually in a virtual articulator from digitized data of the upper and lower jaw of the patient with the corresponding data on the bite position in the computer;
• - Choice of replacement teeth based on the information of the remaining teeth or the information resulting from the dimensional ratios of the jaw and the positional relationship of the jaw to each other;
• - production of mucosa-supported denture bases;
• - Method for determining the correct position of the replacement tooth on the jaw;
• - Method for producing a tooth receptacle (seat) in prosthesis bases for receiving a replacement tooth;
• - Method for the design of the basal area of teeth, so that it fits in the correct position in the tooth receptacle (seat of the denture base).

In the 1 For better understanding, a tooth crown produced by the method according to the invention is shown, which was produced using the data obtained by the method according to the invention, with significant material savings being achieved compared to conventional crowns.

First, in a conventional manner, the tooth present in the patient becomes a tooth stump 1 ground so that it receives a conical shape. In the state of the art, as in the 2 shown encloses the manufactured crown 2 the tooth stump 1 completely and has an outer contour corresponding to the desired tooth shape. This will be the crown 2 according to 2 massively trained with correspondingly high material consumption.

In contrast, in the presence of the desired from the crown 2 Trainee tooth contour in digital form, as is the case with the method according to the invention, possible, the crown 2 produce as a hollow body with appropriate material savings, as in 1 is shown.

This shows the crown 2 In turn, the desired outer contour for the respective tooth, however, lies occlusally on supporting webs only in the area of the chewing surfaces 20 . 21 . 22 at the top of the tooth stump to accommodate the forces corresponding to chewing and over the tooth stump 1 initiate in the jaw and also supports cervical circumferential in the reference numeral 24 marked area via a sealing connection 25 at the base of the tooth stump 1 from. All connections between the crown 2 and the tooth stump 1 For example, by means of appropriate adhesives, such as adhesive or cement can be permanently fixed.

In comparison with the prior art is thus the same anatomical shape of the crown 2 given, viewed from the inside lies the crown 2 However, only skeletonized before, so while a support on the tooth stump 1 is given, but only the minimum required amount of metal is used, since only the outer anatomical shape of the crown 2 is formed in sufficient material thickness, but in the non-supporting areas a cavity 23 when fixing the crown 2 in the mouth with cement or other used mounting material is filled.

at bridge members to the veneer can be by forming them in only the strength that is statically necessary, also save metal. Finally is it also possible when creating metal scaffolding in the constructive procedure to apply this approach also so-called NEM-frameworks (non-precious metal frameworks), because then significantly reduce the construction times.

Claims (7)

Process for the production of dental prostheses in the form of individual teeth or groups of teeth in the dental composite of a jaw, in which a) the jaw conditions of the upper and lower jaw are detected intraorally and the measurement data are converted into digital form converted to a computer, b) the upper jaw and lower jaw aligned in the correct position and c) if necessary the skull-oriented position of the upper jaw is determined, characterized in that the data obtained with respect to the alignment of upper jaw to lower jaw according to b) and the data possibly obtained with respect to the skull-oriented position of the upper jaw according to c) are converted into digital form to the computer be supplied with the digital measurement data of the upper jaw and lower jaw according to a) virtual models and the virtual models are placed in the correct position in a virtual articulator, so that occlusion movements and articulation movements in the computer au are led from conventionally produced and stored in digitized form in the computer spare teeth for the virtual model fitting replacement teeth virtually selected and virtually filled in the gaps in the rows of teeth or the completely missing teeth are replaced and then the functionality of the virtually selected dentures by means of virtual articulator is checked. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that that on the basis of the virtually created dentures the support structures, like bridge frameworks, implant posts, removable bases of metal or plastic dimensioned and be made. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized that in making crowns and bridges from the difference, the out of the bridge frame and the virtually determined outer shape results, machine veneer shells made of suitable material such as plastic or ceramic, which is then polymerized onto the framework or burned. Method according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized that the confectionary produced replacement teeth at the bottom (basal surface) with a clearly definable unmistakable image or relief be provided such that, depending on the position of the tooth in the dentition a specific pattern exists, so for the possible 28 teeth to be replaced 28 forms. Method according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized that stored the digital measurement data and / or virtual models and archived and later used as a basis for the production of total dentures and / or crowns, bridges or Teeth replacement are used. Method according to claim 5, characterized in that that in addition information about the jaw position in the skull and the joint inclination and the like relevant data is stored and archived. Method according to claim 5 or 6, characterized that the extraction of digital measurement data and / or virtual models and / or additional Information is performed at a time when the jaw the patient still dentate or teilentzahnt and bite height and bite still are backed up and the data, models and information obtained archived below.