DE10103000A1 - Radially expandable support for blood vessels comprises expansion joints located between individual support sections which are only temporarily locked to one another - Google Patents
Radially expandable support for blood vessels comprises expansion joints located between individual support sections which are only temporarily locked to one anotherInfo
- Publication number
- DE10103000A1 DE10103000A1 DE2001103000 DE10103000A DE10103000A1 DE 10103000 A1 DE10103000 A1 DE 10103000A1 DE 2001103000 DE2001103000 DE 2001103000 DE 10103000 A DE10103000 A DE 10103000A DE 10103000 A1 DE10103000 A1 DE 10103000A1
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- Prior art keywords
- radially expandable
- expandable stent
- stent according
- connection
- shaped
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/82—Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/86—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
- A61F2/90—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
- A61F2/91—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheet material or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/82—Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/86—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
- A61F2/90—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
- A61F2/91—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheet material or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes
- A61F2/915—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheet material or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes with bands having a meander structure, adjacent bands being connected to each other
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/82—Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/86—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
- A61F2/90—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
- A61F2/91—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheet material or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes
- A61F2/915—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheet material or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes with bands having a meander structure, adjacent bands being connected to each other
- A61F2002/91533—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheet material or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes with bands having a meander structure, adjacent bands being connected to each other characterised by the phase between adjacent bands
- A61F2002/91541—Adjacent bands are arranged out of phase
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/82—Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/86—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
- A61F2/90—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
- A61F2/91—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheet material or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes
- A61F2/915—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheet material or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes with bands having a meander structure, adjacent bands being connected to each other
- A61F2002/9155—Adjacent bands being connected to each other
- A61F2002/91558—Adjacent bands being connected to each other connected peak to peak
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/82—Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/86—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
- A61F2/90—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
- A61F2/91—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheet material or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes
- A61F2/915—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheet material or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes with bands having a meander structure, adjacent bands being connected to each other
- A61F2002/9155—Adjacent bands being connected to each other
- A61F2002/91591—Locking connectors, e.g. using male-female connections
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2230/00—Geometry of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
- A61F2230/0002—Two-dimensional shapes, e.g. cross-sections
- A61F2230/0028—Shapes in the form of latin or greek characters
- A61F2230/0054—V-shaped
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2250/00—Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
- A61F2250/0058—Additional features; Implant or prostheses properties not otherwise provided for
- A61F2250/0071—Additional features; Implant or prostheses properties not otherwise provided for breakable or frangible
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2250/00—Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
- A61F2250/0058—Additional features; Implant or prostheses properties not otherwise provided for
- A61F2250/0082—Additional features; Implant or prostheses properties not otherwise provided for specially designed for children, e.g. having means for adjusting to their growth
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine radial wieder aufweitbare Gefäßstütze zur Verwendung zum Offenhalten von Blutgefäßen oder sonstigen Organwegen in noch wachsenden menschlichen oder tierischen Körpern. Gefäßstützen (Stents) werden allgemein zur dauerhaften Stützung der Gefäßwand im Bereich von Stenosen implantiert. Sie werden auf einen zusammengefalteten Ballon aufgepreßt und im Gefäß durch Ballondilatation auf einen bestimmten Durchmesser aufgedehnt.The invention relates to a radially expandable stent for use to keep blood vessels or other organ channels open growing human or animal bodies. Stents are generally used for permanent support of the vessel wall in the area of Implanted stenoses. You will be on a folded balloon pressed on and in the vessel by balloon dilation to a certain one Expanded diameter.
Da bei Kindern aber der maximal einführbare Katheterdurchmesser von einem Ballonkatheter mit montiertem Stent durch den limitierten Durchmesser der Zugangsgefäße, der Femoralarterie oder der Femoralvene, begrenzt ist, kann der Stent nur aus 6 bis maximal 8 Zick-Zacksegmenten in der Zirkumferenz bestehen, so daß er sich nur bis auf einen Durchmesser von maximal 6-8 mm aufdehnen läßt. Da aber beispielsweise der Durchmesser einer Lungenarterie im Erwachsenenalter bis zu 25 mm betragen kann, müssten herkömmliche Stents mit relativ zu kleinem Durchmesser im Laufe des Wachstums wieder chirurgisch mit einer Operation an der Herz-Lungenmaschine entfernt werden.Since in children the maximum insertable catheter diameter of one Balloon catheter with mounted stent due to the limited diameter of the Access vessels, the femoral artery or the femoral vein, the Stent consist of only 6 to a maximum of 8 zigzag segments in the circumference, so that it can only expand to a maximum diameter of 6-8 mm leaves. But because, for example, the diameter of a pulmonary artery in the Adulthood can be up to 25 mm, conventional stents would have to surgically relative to small diameter as it grows again surgery on the heart-lung machine.
Gefäßstützen mit Nahtverbindungen zwischen zickzackförmigen Drahtgerüsten sind von C. Gianturco und von Cragg schon länger bekannt. In der Patentschrift US 5035706 und US 5282824 von Gianturco ist jeweils eine Endoprothese aus zickzackförmig gebogenem Draht beschrieben mit zu einer Öse geformten Spitzen, durch die ein Faden gezogen wird, um entweder die Endoprothese wieder zusammenzufalten oder um zwei Einzelstücke miteinander zu verbinden.Vascular supports with seam connections between zigzag-shaped wire frames have long been known by C. Gianturco and Cragg. In the patent US 5035706 and US 5282824 from Gianturco are each an endoprosthesis zigzag bent wire described with tips formed into an eyelet, through which a thread is drawn to either the endoprosthesis again fold up or to connect two individual pieces together.
In der Patentschrift DE 44 07 079 von Cragg ist eine selbstexpandierbare Endoprothese beschrieben, die aus einer durchgehenden Wendel zickzackförmigen Drahtes besteht und aus Schleifen, welche benachbarte Spitzen des Drahtes miteinander verbinden. Durch diese Fadenverbindungen erhält diese Endoprothese ihre Längsstabilität und eine verbesserte Radialkraft durch diese zusätzlichen Querverbindungen. Durch Elastizität und die fehlende Führung des Fadens können die miteinander verbundenen benachbarten Spitzen im ungünstigen Fall auch übereinander zu liegen kommen, was zu einem Verklemmen der noch zusammengefalteten Endoprothese beim Vorschieben im Einführsystem führen kann. In the patent DE 44 07 079 from Cragg is a self-expandable Endoprosthesis described that consists of a continuous coil zigzag wire and consists of loops, which neighboring tips connect the wire together. Through these thread connections it receives Endoprosthesis its longitudinal stability and an improved radial force through this additional cross connections. Due to elasticity and the lack of guidance of the Fadens can connect the adjacent tips in the unfavorable case also come to lie on top of each other, which leads to a Jamming of the still folded endoprosthesis when advancing in Delivery system can lead.
In der Patentschrift US 5591223 von. Perry ist eine reexpandierbare Endogrothese beschrieben, die aus einem zunächst aufgerollten, steifen rohrförmigen Draht geflecht mit einem Längsschlitz gebildet wird. Der Längsschlitz wird ebenfalls durch resorbierbare Verbindungsfäden zusammengehalten. Durch Auflösung dieser Verbindungsfäden mit der Zeit kann diese Prothese nur im Bereich des einen Schlitzes aufgedehnt werden. Für den Einsatz bei kurvigem Gefäßverlauf wie bei Kindern und bei herznahen Gefäßen ist diese ist Endoprothese nicht geeignet wegen ihrer mangelnden Flexibilität.In US 5591223 by. Perry is a re-expandable endo prosthesis described, which consists of an initially rolled up, rigid tubular wire braid is formed with a longitudinal slot. The longitudinal slot is also held together by absorbable connecting threads. By dissolution of these connecting threads over time, this prosthesis can only be in the area of a slot be expanded. For use with a curved vascular course as in children and in vessels close to the heart, this is not an endoprosthesis suitable because of their lack of flexibility.
Von weiteren Versuchen berichtete Ch. Mullins vom Texas Children's Hospital auf dem Deutschen Kinderkardiologenkongreß 1998 mit modifizierten Palmaz-Stents. Dieser Stent besteht aus einem Rohr mit abwechselnd angeordneten Längs schnitten. Diese Stege werden in Längsrichtung durchtrennt und segmentweise durch Fäden wieder verbunden. Bei der Aufdehnung werden die einzelnen Segmente v-förmig auseinandergezogen, wobei durch scharfe Kanten der Faden reißen kann. Nachteilig an dieser Ausführung ist auch, daß sich Stegsegmente durch den Schlupf des Fadens überlappen können und deshalb beim Crimpen (Zusammenpressen) auf einem Ballon nicht sicher halten. Dies kann zu einem Abgleiten und dem Verlust des Stents im Gefäßsystem führen mit der Notwendig keit einer chirurgischen Entfernung. Ferner können sich die Stegsegmente verschieben oder, was besonders bei kurvigem Gefäßverlauf eine große Gefahr darstellt, verkanten. Wegen seiner starren Schlitzkonstruktion ist der Palmaz- Stent ebenfalls sehr rigide und wenig flexibel, was die Einführung bei kurvigem Gefäßverlauf erschwert oder unmöglich macht.Ch. Mullins from Texas Children's Hospital reported further experiments at the 1998 German Children's Cardiology Congress with modified Palmaz stents. This stent consists of a tube with alternating longitudinal cuts. These webs are cut in the longitudinal direction and reconnected in segments by threads. When stretching, the individual segments are pulled apart in a V-shape, whereby the thread can tear through sharp edges. Another disadvantage of this design is that web segments can overlap due to the slippage of the thread and therefore cannot hold securely when crimping (pressing together) on a balloon. This can lead to slipping and loss of the stent in the vascular system with the need for surgical removal. Furthermore, the web segments can shift or, which is a great danger, particularly when the vessel is curved, can tilt. Because of its rigid slit construction, the Palmaz stent is also very rigid and not very flexible, which makes it difficult or impossible to insert it if the vascular course is curved.
Die erfindungsgemäße flexible radial reexpandierbare Gefäßstütze weist diese Nachteile nicht auf. Diese gitterförmige Gefäßstütze besteht aus mindestens zwei oder mehreren rohrförmigen Teilstücken mit einer zickzackförmigen Ring struktur von geringer Breite mit einer oder mehreren Wachstumsfugen, die untereinander zeitlich befristet fest miteinander verbunden sind.The flexible, radially re-expandable vascular support according to the invention has this Disadvantages not on. This lattice-shaped stent consists of at least two or more tubular sections with a zigzag ring structure of small width with one or more growth plates, the are permanently connected to one another for a limited period of time.
Die Verbindungen der einzelnen Teilstücke mit beispielsweise resorbierbarem chirurgischem Nahtmaterial soll sich nach einem definiertem Zeitraum auflösen und ein weiteres Wachstum des Gefäßes erlauben, was auch durch eine erneute Sallondilatation oder die Implantation einer weiteren Gefäßstütze mit größerem Durchmesser unterstützt werden kann.The connections of the individual sections with, for example, absorbable surgical suture material should dissolve after a defined period of time and allow further growth of the vessel, which is also due to a renewed Sallondilation or the implantation of another stent with a larger one Diameter can be supported.
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, eine radial aufweitbare Gefäßstütze zu schaffen, die während ihrer Aufweitung keine oder nur eine geringe Verkürzung erfährt, und bei besserer Kurvengängigkeit weniger leicht knickt und eine ausreichende Radialfestigkeit aufweist und nach Auflösen des Verbindungsmaterials durch Zerfallen in die Einzelteile erneut dilatiert werden kann. Durch besondere Ausführungsformen werden den speziellen Anforderungen jeweils Rechnung getragen. Statt parallelen Stegen, auf denen der Faden verrutschen kann, werden bei dieser Gefäßstütze im Bereich der Verbindungsstellen jeweils ein bis drei, vorzugsweise jeweils drei gegen überliegende kreisrunde, spezialpolierte und abgerundete Löcher und/ oder kleine V-förmigen Fugen zur Fadenaufnahme vorgesehen.The object of the present invention is to provide a radially expandable stent create those that have little or no growth during their expansion Shortened, and less easily kinks when cornering better and has sufficient radial strength and after dissolving the Connecting material can be dilated again by disintegrating into the individual parts can. Through special embodiments, the special Requirements taken into account in each case. Instead of parallel bars on which the thread can slip in this stent in the area of the Connection points one to three, preferably three against each overlying circular, specially polished and rounded holes and / or small V-shaped joints are provided for thread take-up.
Um das Überlappen der Teilstücke beim Crimpen zu verhindern, werden die Verbindungsstellen in Längsrichtung jeweils erfindungsgemäß als Nut- und Federverbindung ausgestaltet. Durch diese Nut- und Federverbindung wird erst mals ein seitliches Verschieben ausgeschloßen und ein sicheres enganliegendes Crimpen des zusammengenähten Stents auf einem Ballon ohne eine weitere Über lappung möglich. Damit verringert sich wesentlich die Gefahr eines unbeab sichtigten Stentverlustes bei der Implantation.To prevent the sections from overlapping when crimping, the Connection points in the longitudinal direction according to the invention as a groove and Spring connection designed. This tongue and groove connection is the first times a lateral shift excluded and a secure tight Crimp the stitched stent onto a balloon without another over lapping possible. This significantly reduces the risk of visible stent loss during implantation.
Statt mit Fäden kann die Verbindung zwischen zwei Teilstücken auch mit einer Nietverbindung erfolgen. Die Faden-, Klammer- oder Nietverbindung besteht vorzugsweise aus einem resorbierbarem Faden oder Reineisen- oder Wolfram draht oder aus einer Klammer oder Niete aus beispielsweise Polydiaxonon oder einen Reineisendraht.Instead of using threads, the connection between two sections can also be made with one Rivet connection made. The thread, clamp or rivet connection exists preferably from a resorbable thread or pure iron or tungsten wire or from a clip or rivet made of, for example, polydiaxonone or a pure iron wire.
Bei einer Ausführungsform dieser erfindungsgemäßen Gefäßstütze sind zickzackförmige Ringelemente untereinander jeweils mit omegaförmigen Stegen verbunden, die sich bei radialer Aufweitung der Gefäßstütze entsprechend der seitlichen Verkürzung der zickzackförmigen Ringelemente in der Längsachse strecken und so eine Gesamtverkürzung der Gefäßstütze vermeiden oder verringern.In one embodiment of this vascular support according to the invention zigzag ring elements with each other with omega-shaped bars connected, which corresponds to the radial expansion of the stent lateral shortening of the zigzag ring elements in the longitudinal axis stretch and thus avoid an overall shortening of the stent or reduce.
Bei einer weiteren Ausführungsform sind die bogenförmigen Stege erfindungsgemäß bei einem oder mehreren Ringelementen jeweils paarweise in gegensätzlicher Richtung angeordnet, so daß sich ein sternförmiges Aussehen ergibt. Dadurch ergibt sich trotz hoher Flexibilität durch die multizelluläre Struktur eine hohe Radialfestigkeit, die durch spiralige oder abwechselnde Anordnung von einem oder mehreren sternförmigen Segmenten noch erhöht wird. Auch durch derartige Ausbildungen wird das Biegeverhalten der Gefäßstütze insgesamt weiter beeinflußt. In a further embodiment, the arcuate webs are According to the invention in pairs in one or more ring elements arranged in opposite directions, so that there is a star-shaped appearance results. This results in high flexibility due to the multicellular Structure a high radial strength by spiral or alternating Arrangement of one or more star-shaped segments increased becomes. The bending behavior of the stent is also made by such training overall further influenced.
Der omega- oder bogenförmige Steg zwischen den einzelnen Ringelementen weist vorzugsweise einen etwas geringeren Querschnitt auf (ca. 30%), als der gerade Steg der zickzackförmigen Ringelemente. Auch sind zahlreiche Kombinations möglichkeiten mit den verschiedenen Verbindungsstegen denkbar.The omega-shaped or arcuate web between the individual ring elements has preferably a slightly smaller cross-section (approx. 30%) than the straight one Bridge of zigzag ring elements. There are also numerous combinations possibilities with the different connecting bars possible.
Zur Verbesserung der Stützeigenschaften und Radialfestigkeit im Randbereich kann die Gefäßstütze an beiden Enden eine größere Stegbreite aufweisen. Zur Verbesserung der lokalen Stützeigenschaften im Bereich einer fokalen Gefäßverengung und der Radialfestigkeit kann die Gefäßstütze auch nur im Mittelbereich eine größere Stegbreite und/oder eine größeren Querschnitt und/oder mehr bogenförmige Verbindungstege aufweisen. Der größere Quer schnitt im Mittelbereich kann z. B. durch eine weniger Material abtragende Elektropolitur erreicht werden.To improve the support properties and radial strength in the edge area the vascular support can have a larger web width at both ends. To improve the local support properties in the area of a focal Vascular narrowing and radial strength can only be achieved in vascular support Middle area a larger web width and / or a larger cross section and / or have more arcuate connecting webs. The bigger cross cut in the middle area can e.g. B. by a less material-removing Electropolishing can be achieved.
Es können auch mehrere Wachstumsfugen vorgesehen werden. Bei mehreren längs-parallelen Wachstumsfugen kann die Haftung des gekrimpten Stents auf dem Ballon eingeschränkt sein. Deshalb ist es vorteilhaft, die Wachstumsfugen auch längs, quer, schräg, spiralig, v-förmig oder zickzackförmig anzuordnen oder als Kombination von einzelnen Formen dieser Variationen.Several growth plates can also be provided. With several longitudinally parallel growth plates can adhere to the crimped stent be restricted to the balloon. That is why it is beneficial to the growth plates can also be arranged lengthways, crossways, obliquely, spirally, V-shaped or zigzag-shaped or as a combination of individual forms of these variations.
Als Material für die Gefäßstütze kann vorzugsweise eines oder mehrere biokom patible Metalle der Gruppe Eisen, Stahl, Wolfram, Niob, Platin, Titan, einer Legierung aus Nickel-Titan, oder einer Legierung mit mindestens einem dieser Metalle, wie Platin-Iridium mit jeweils geeigneten Gewichtsprozenten, verwendet werden. Soll die Gefäßstütze selbstexpandierbar sein, wird vorzugsweise eine durch Wärmebehandlung temperaturoptimierte Nickel-Titanlegierung verwendet.One or more biocomals can preferably be used as the material for the vascular support patible metals of the group iron, steel, tungsten, niobium, platinum, titanium, one Alloy of nickel titanium, or an alloy with at least one of these Metals such as platinum-iridium, each with suitable weight percent, are used become. If the stent is to be self-expandable, preferably one Temperature-optimized nickel-titanium alloy through heat treatment used.
Das Metall kann zur Verbesserung des Einwachsens in die Gefäßwand mit einem biokompatiblen Material oder mit geeigneten Medikamenten zur Vermeidung von Hyperproliferation der Gefäßwand beschichtet sein oder durch Bestrahlung oder radioaktiven Zerfall eine Strahlung freisetzen.The metal can be used to improve ingrowth in the vessel wall with a biocompatible material or with suitable medication to avoid Hyperproliferation of the vessel wall may be coated or by radiation or radioactive decay release radiation.
Ferner kann die Gefäßstütze auch aus resorbierbaren Kunststoffen, z. B. aliphatischen Polyestern wie Polydioxanon, bestehen.Furthermore, the stent can also be made of resorbable plastics, e.g. B. aliphatic polyesters such as polydioxanone.
Die rohrförmigen Körper aus Metall oder Kunststoff werden vorzugsweise aus nahtlos gezogenen Rohren gebildet, um Verspannungen und Risse zu vermeiden, wie das im Bereich von Schweißnähten der Fall wäre. Die Strukturen werden vorzugsweise durch Laserstrahl- oder Wasserstrahlschneiden, Elektroerosion und Elektropolitur hergestellt.The tubular body made of metal or plastic are preferably made of seamless drawn tubes to avoid tension and cracks as would be the case with welds. The structures will preferably by laser beam or water jet cutting, electrical discharge machining and Electropolish made.
Nachfolgend werden Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung anhand einer Zeichnung weiter erläutert. In der Zeichnung zeigt:Exemplary embodiments of the invention are described below on the basis of a Drawing explained further. The drawing shows:
Fig. 1 in einer Darstellung des abgerollten Grundmusters eine Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung mit einzelnen noch nicht zusammen genähten Teilstücken in nicht expandiertem Zustand. Fig. 1 in a representation of the unrolled basic pattern an embodiment of the present invention with individual parts not yet sewn together in the unexpanded state.
Fig. 2 einen Ausschnitt von Fig. 1 mit der für die Erfindung charakteristischen Fadenverbindung. Fig. 2 shows a detail of Fig. 1 with the thread connection characteristic of the invention.
Fig. 3 zeigt eine weitere Ausführungsform von Fig. 2 mit der für die Erfindung charakteristischen Nietverbindung. Fig. 3 shows a further embodiment of Fig. 2 with the rivet connection characteristic of the invention.
Fig. 4 eine weitere alternative Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung mit spiralig, schräg untereinander angeordneten sternförmigen Segmenten mit zwei spiralig angeordneten Wachstumsfugen und einer zusätzlichen Wachstumsfuge in der Mitte. Fig. 4 shows a further alternative embodiment of the present invention with spirally, obliquely arranged star-shaped segments with two spirally arranged growth gaps and an additional growth gap in the middle.
Fig. 5 eine weitere alternative Ausführungsform von Fig. 4 mit einem Teilstück mit untereinander angeordneten sternförmigen Segmenten und einem weiteren Teilstück mit übereinander angeordneten sternförmigen Segmenten und einer in Querrichtung verlaufenden Wachstumsfuge zwischen den Teilstücken. Fig. 5 shows a further alternative embodiment of FIG. 4 with a portion having mutually arranged star-shaped segments and a further portion having superimposed star-shaped segments and a straight line extending in the transverse direction between the growth plate sections.
Die in den Figuren dargestellten Gefäßstützen weisen zickzackförmige Ringele mente mit omegaförmigen Stegen oder sternförmigen Segmenten auf. Ähnlich geformte Verbindungsstege sind aus dem Stand der Technik hinreichend bekannt. Daher werden aus Gründen der Übersichtlichkeit in den Figuren nur Beispiele von abgerollten Gitterstrukturen der rohrförmigen Gefäßstütze oder ein Ausschnitt davon dargestellt.The vascular supports shown in the figures have zigzag-shaped rings elements with omega-shaped bars or star-shaped segments. Similar shaped connecting webs are well known from the prior art. Therefore, for reasons of clarity, only examples are given in the figures of unrolled lattice structures of the tubular stent or a Excerpt of it shown.
In der in Fig. 1 dargestellten Gefäßstütze 1 sind Teile von zickzackförmige Ringelementen 2 und 3 miteinander durch omegaförmige Stege 7 zu einzelnen Teilstücken 8, 9 verbunden. Zwischen Teilstücken 8. 9 sind zwei parallele Wachstumsfugen 10 in Längsrichtung angeordnet. Die Verbindungsstellen 12 zwischen den Teilstücken 8, 9 sind als Nut- und Federverbindung 13, 14 mit Ösen 16 und Kerben 15 ausgebildet.In the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 stent 1 parts are connected by a zigzag-shaped annular elements 2 and 3 together by omega-shaped bars 7 to individual sections 8, 9. Between sections 8 . 9, two parallel growth joints 10 are arranged in the longitudinal direction. The connection points 12 between the sections 8 , 9 are designed as tongue and groove connections 13 , 14 with eyelets 16 and notches 15 .
Fig. 2 stellt einen vergrößerten Auschnitt einer Verbindungsstelle 12 von Fig. 1 dar, bei dem die einzelnen Teilstücken 8, 9 zusammengenäht dargestellt sind. Die Nut- und Federverbindung 13, 14 mit Ösen 16 und Kerben 15 ist mit einem Faden 17 fest zusammengehalten und konstruktiv durch die Nut- und Federverbindung 13, 14 sowohl gegen ein Überlappen als auch gegen ein seitliches Verschieben gesichert, was auch das Zusammennähen bei der Herstellung wesentlich erleichtert. Zwischen den einzelnen Teilstücken 8, 9 befindet sich die Wachstums fuge 10, die sich nach Auflösen der resorbierbaren Fadenverbindung 17 weiter verbreitern kann. FIG. 2 shows an enlarged section of a connection point 12 from FIG. 1, in which the individual sections 8 , 9 are shown sewn together. The tongue and groove connection 13 , 14 with eyelets 16 and notches 15 is firmly held together with a thread 17 and constructively secured by the tongue and groove connection 13 , 14 both against overlap and against lateral displacement, which also means sewing together at the Manufacturing much easier. Between the individual sections 8 , 9 there is the growth gap 10 , which can widen further after dissolving the resorbable thread connection 17 .
Fig. 3 stellt einen vergrößerten Auschnitt einer Verbindungsstelle 12 von Fig. 1 dar, bei der die einzelnen Teilstücken 8, 9 zusammengenietet dargestellt sind. Die Nut- und Federverbindung 13, 14 ist mit mehreren Nietverbindungen 18 fest zusammengehalten und somit gegen ein Überlappen als auch gegen ein seitliches Verschieben gesichert. Zwischen den einzelnen Teilstücken 8, 9 befindet sich die Wachstumsfuge 10, die sich nach Auflösen der resorbierbaren Nietverbindungen 18 weiter verbreitern kann. FIG. 3 shows an enlarged section of a connection point 12 from FIG. 1, in which the individual sections 8 , 9 are shown riveted together. The tongue and groove connection 13 , 14 is held together with several rivet connections 18 and thus secured against overlapping and against lateral displacement. Between the individual sections 8 , 9 is the growth plate 10 , which can widen further after the resorbable rivet connections 18 have been dissolved.
Fig. 4 zeigt eine weitere Ausführungsform der Gefäßstütze 1 mit sternförmigen Segmenten 6 zwischen den zickzackförmigen Ringelementen 2, 3, die jeweils seitlich schräg untereinander in Spiralform angeordnet sind. Ein übereinander gegensätzlich geöffnetes Paar bogenförmiger Stege 4, 5 zwischen zwei zickzackförmigen Ringelementen 2, 3 bildet jeweils mit zwei Stegen 11 und den seitlich gegenüberliegenden Bögen von zwei zickzackförmigen Ringelementen 2 und 3 jeweils ein sternförmiges Segment 6. Dabei ist die Breite der gegenüberliegenden bogenförmigen Stege 4, 5 bevorzugt ca. 30% kleiner als die Breite der Stege 11 der zickzackförmigen Ringelemente 2, 3. FIG. 4 shows a further embodiment of the vascular support 1 with star-shaped segments 6 between the zigzag-shaped ring elements 2 , 3 , which are each arranged laterally at an angle to one another in a spiral shape. A one above the other opposite open pair of arcuate webs 4, 5 zigzag between two ring members 2, 3 constituting each with two webs 11 and the laterally opposed arcs of two zigzag-shaped annular elements 2 and 3 are each a star-shaped segment. 6 The width of the opposing arcuate webs 4 , 5 is preferably approximately 30% smaller than the width of the webs 11 of the zigzag-shaped ring elements 2 , 3 .
Die Verbindungstellen 12 mit zwei Wachstumsfugen 10 zwischen den Teilstücken 8, 9 sind in der abgerollten Aufsicht schräg untereinander angeordnet. Dadurch ergeben sich auf der zylindrischen Oberfläche der Gefäßstütze 1 zwei Wachstumsfugen in Form einer Doppelhelix. Weitere Verbindungsstellen 12 mit einer Wachstumsfuge 10 sind zusätzlich Quer in der Mitte angeordnet. The junctions 12 with two growth joints 10 between the sections 8 , 9 are arranged obliquely to one another in the unrolled top view. This results in two growth joints in the form of a double helix on the cylindrical surface of the stent 1 . Further connection points 12 with a growth gap 10 are additionally arranged transversely in the middle.
Fig. 5 zeigt eine ähnliche Ausführungsform wie die Gefäßstütze 1 in Fig. 4. Die sternförmigen Segmente 6 zwischen den zickzackförmigen Ringelementen 2, 3, sind im linken Teilstück 8 ebenfalls seitlich schräg untereinander angeordnet aber im Unterschied zu Fig. 4 im rechten Teilstück 9 jeweils seitlich schräg übereinander. Die Wachstumsfugen 10 zwischen den Verbindungselementen 12 haben in dieser Ausführungsform deshalb ein v-förmiges Aussehen. Fig. 5 shows a similar embodiment as the stent 1 in Fig. 4. The star-shaped segments 6 between the zigzag-shaped ring elements 2 , 3 are also arranged laterally obliquely in the left section 8 , but in contrast to Fig. 4 in the right section 9 each laterally at an angle. The growth joints 10 between the connecting elements 12 therefore have a V-shaped appearance in this embodiment.
11
Gefäßstütze
stent
22
zickzackförmiges Ringelement
zigzag ring element
33
zickzackförmiges Ringelement
zigzag ring element
44
bogenförmiger Steg
arched bridge
55
bogenförmiger Steg
arched bridge
66
sternförmiges Segment
star-shaped segment
77
omegaförmiger Steg
omega-shaped bridge
88th
Teilstück
section
99
Teilstück
section
1010
Wachstumsfuge
epiphyseal
1111
Steg
web
1212
Verbindungsstelle
junction
1313
, .
1414
Nut- und Federverbindung
Tongue and groove connection
1515
Kerbe
score
1616
Öse
eyelet
1717
Fadenverbindung
thread link
1818
Nietverbindung
rivet
Claims (16)
Priority Applications (1)
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DE2001103000 DE10103000B4 (en) | 2001-01-24 | 2001-01-24 | Radially re-expandable vascular support |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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DE2001103000 DE10103000B4 (en) | 2001-01-24 | 2001-01-24 | Radially re-expandable vascular support |
Publications (2)
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DE10103000A1 true DE10103000A1 (en) | 2002-08-01 |
DE10103000B4 DE10103000B4 (en) | 2007-08-30 |
Family
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DE2001103000 Expired - Fee Related DE10103000B4 (en) | 2001-01-24 | 2001-01-24 | Radially re-expandable vascular support |
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