DE10102946A1 - Dentists impression tray set specifies tray width and length radios for four and six trays per jaw for increasing impression mass trough area - Google Patents

Abstract

The tray set offers increasing mass trough area with maximum length (Y) and width (X) and a trough width taken at the apex on the inside of the trough. One tray of the set has a trough width (Xn+1) smaller than the width (Xn) of tray (n). The index (L1) is allocated to the tray with smallest length (Y1). In the specified tray set (X2n) exceeding (X2n+1) is valid for (Yn+1) greater than (Yn) with (n) = 0,1,2... The trays in the set differ in trough width maximally by 15 % and the set includes six or four trays per jaw in which case tray (L3) meets condition (X3) to be less than (X2) with (Y3) greater than (Y2).

Description

The present invention relates to a set of dental impression trays that are used for Impression of approx. 70% of the human jaw in Germany is suitable.

Leave the sets of dental impression oils known from the prior art basically assign themselves to two different systems.

On the one hand, there are spoon sets with relatively large size differences and thus connected 3 to 5 different spoon sizes per jaw. With this set Experience has shown that about 20 to 40% of all jaws can be molded, i.e. H. a Create an impression of the dentition with regard to accuracy and further processing delivers at least a satisfactory result. Here is also to take into account that the patient does not receive any Pain caused by possibly inadequate fit, if for example too small a width of the spoon pressure points in the area of the Gingiva creates or a form to be extended the area of the ascending The branch of the jaw squeezes.

On the other hand, there are spoon sets with a fine gradation in terms of the spoons size known. These sets contain between 7 and 11 spoons per jaw. With Experience has shown that such sets can be used in around 40 to 70% of all jaws Take an impression of the acceptable boundary conditions mentioned above.

The spoons in the first-mentioned set in particular are designed in such a way that with As the length of the spoon increases, so does the maximum width of the entire spoon increases. This usually causes both short and particularly wide jaws, as well as long, but particularly narrow jaws not be covered.

In addition, most of the first-mentioned sets are dental Cases the fit to the present clinical case, d. H. the abzufor menden dentition arch, too imprecise, so either none of the spoons out the respective set can be used or the accuracy of the Impression taking suffers and the result of the dental work in hindsight is just unsatisfactory. Some of these sets are for the professional Use completely unsuitable. This is why dealing with these types of sets is especially the selection of the most suitable spoon, included the fitting, relatively easy and the effort for disposition and Reorder the sizes in the dental practice small.

Regarding the use of the set described in the second position above it is true that a satisfactory impression result can often be achieved. For that is but the handling of the numerous spoons of different sizes very much complex and difficult to coordinate. Partly needs to be correct Selection from the wide range of aids, such as measuring calipers, etc. can be used. This takes a relatively long time or is very slow a lot of experience with the treating dentist. But also with the When using this set, it often happens that the first selected The spoon does not fit in the patient's mouth when trying it on.

As a result, this spoon needs to be contaminated with patient saliva laboriously sterilized or even discarded in the case of single-use trays. Apart from that, these sets are in production and acquisition relatively expensive and to use, as described above, difficult to handle.

From US-3,878,610, for example, a set of dental impression trays is known, with increasing length of the tray, which receive the impression material As the channel increases, the width of the spoon also increases, as is the case with many well-known ones on the market Common models.

A disadvantage of this spoon set is - as already mentioned at the beginning - that a relatively large number of spoons per jaw is required for the To be able to grasp the majority of the human jaw.

The primary task to be solved can therefore be seen in a spoon set to provide the mold for the majority of the human jaw is suitable, but comprises only a relatively small number of spoons per jaw.

This object is achieved by the spoon set described in the claims solved.

The terms “comprise” or “contain” are used for the purposes of the invention non-exhaustive list of features introduced. The usage of the term "a" in the sense of the invention is in this regard also not considered a final list of features to be understood, rather than "at least one".

The set of dental impression spoons according to the invention comprises n spoons L _n , the area of the groove receiving the impression material increasing with increasing maximum length Y _{n of} the spoon. The spoons also have a maximum width X _n and a channel width at the apex Z _n , measured in each case on the inner sides of the channel receiving the impression material at a height of about 1 mm from the channel bottom. According to the invention, L ₁ denotes the spoon which has the smallest length Y ₁ .

The groove of the spoon is delimited by a first and a second Boundary wall that is essentially perpendicular to the bottom of the channel are appropriate. The bottom of the channel is in the application of the tooth surface facing. If necessary, the spoon has an elevation in the palate area on (spoon for upper jaw).

The term maximum width in the context of the invention relates to an im essentially uniformly designed outer wall or gutter wall without Consideration of any protrusions and / or Notches.

With a spoon set that meets the condition specified in claim 1, About 70% of the human jaw can be removed with relatively few spoons Take an impression in Germany.

The set according to the invention comprises, in addition to a usual short, narrow one Spoons, additional spoons, the width of at least one spoon of the set is smaller than the width of the next smaller spoon.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, in addition to this first Spoon that is suitable for short, narrow jaws, the third longest spoon is narrower as the second longest spoon with a relatively large width.

This results in a relatively good fit, especially with short and quite wide jaws due to the second spoon and also with longer ones relatively narrow arches through the third spoon. Of the The fourth longest spoon is again long and wide for the standard shape Jaw. This set is surprisingly suitable for almost all bit situations applicable.

The set can thus be essentially as described at the beginning Assign a set according to the prior art as there is only one proportionate Includes small number of spoons. However, the set according to the invention has one significantly higher pass rate and exceeds in the range of application and Accuracy of almost all other sets, including those of the sets mentioned at the beginning were named second. Nevertheless, the selection of the right spoon is important and the handling is simple and without due to the small number of spoons a lot of experience possible.

Preferably, the vertex depths Z of the spoons of the set no longer deviate than 15% from each other.

The set according to the invention preferably comprises no more than 6 spoons per jaw. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the set comprises a maximum of 4 spoons per jaw, with the condition being met _{for spoon L 3:}

X ₃ <X ₂ with Y ₃ <Y ₂ .

The spoon set can optionally also be designed in such a way that it is used for Impression of individual quadrants of the jaw is suitable. In this case Naturally, the number of spoons in the set doubles.

The width of the grooves of the individual trays that receive the impression material of the set according to the invention - measured in the area of the molars - is Usually comparable for all spoons and essentially deviates no more than 15% apart.

The channel width captured by a spoon of the set when projecting the Cross-sections of the grooves receiving the impression material on top of one another The tray is placed on one level in the area of the last molars usually in the range from 14 to 20 mm. The spoon set according to the invention shows a dentition width variance per in the area of the last molar Mandibular arch of more than 20 mm (measured from the usually maximum possible or occurring left-hand arrangement up to the usual maximum possible or occurring right arrangement of the molar per Mandibular arch), although the width of each spoon is in this area usually only fluctuates in the range from 14 to 19 mm.

In a special embodiment, the spoons of the set have alternating widths X with increasing spoon length Y, which is to be represented by the following equations: where: X _{2n (even)} <X _{2n + 1 (odd)} for Y _{n + 1} <Y _n . In this way, greater coverage of the jaws can be achieved when taking the impression in the area of the last molars.

The spoon set according to the invention is a given length of the Spoon or jaw in the majority of cases two spoons for Available to take a usable impression in the area of the last molar to be able to make

The spoons of the set according to the invention can be made of any material be made. Plastic and metal are particularly suitable, in particular Stainless steel and comparable alloys.

For example, PE, PP, PC, POM, PA, PET, ABS have proven to be plastics and / or PS proved to be beneficial.

Spoons made of plastic can be passed through particularly inexpensively For example, produce injection molding and are therefore preferred for Single use (single-use tray).

Fiber-reinforced and / or filled plastics are preferably used Mission. Carbon fibers and / or glass fibers have proven to be beneficial.

The spoons of the spoon set according to the invention usually have a Plane of symmetry. The base of the spoons is parabolic, elliptical or designed in the shape of a horseshoe. The spoons naturally have a groove that leads to Recording an impression material is suitable. The gutter becomes essentially from the base, an outer and an inner, the middle of the spoon facing boundary wall or geometry formed.

Usually the spoons also have a handle-like handle, the both inserting and removing the tray from the mouth of the Patient relieved.

Often there are additional geometric features around the To increase the adhesion of the material to the spoon, for example to the inside protruding end beads along the outer boundary wall or various notches, cutouts or holes, such as those in the US-6,045,359 or EP 1 023 514 A1 or application DE 199 56 103.6 are described.

To characterize the accuracy of fit and define the geometric The statistical distribution of the teeth coordinates, the so-called Bite size distribution, an important role.

The geometric relationships of the Jaw in connection with dental tray sets extremely simplified and only in the first place Approximation should be considered.

Important points within the dental arch are, for example, starting from an origin at the incisal / mesial start of a quadrant of a jaw, the following coordinates (see Fig. 1):

• - Point A at the buccal / distal corner of the last molar (7th or 8th),
• - Point B at the lingual / distal corner point of the last molar (7th or 8th),
• - Point C of the maximum buccal extension of the 5th tooth in the Quadrants,
• - Point D of the maximum lingual extension of the respective 5th tooth in the Quadrant.

For a more precise specification, further points can be determined if necessary will.

If the coordinates of several measured jaws are entered, the associated point clouds for A, B, C, D are obtained within the selected coordinate system ( Fig. 1). The point clouds A ', B', C ', D' are correspondingly mirror-symmetrical to the y-axis.

Fig. 2 shows the basic surfaces of a spoon set comprising four spoon 1, 2, 3, 4 according to the prior art with the respectively associated coordinates of the maximum bucket width X _1, X _2, X _3, X ₄ and those of the maximum spoon length Y ₁ , Y ₂ , Y ₃ , Y ₄ . The condition is fulfilled: X _{(n + 1)} <X _(n) with Y _{(n + 1)} <Y _(n) .

Fig. 3 shows the base surfaces of a spoon set according to the state of the art with at most meaningful base surface width in a coordinate system in which the bit size distribution that is, the point clouds A, B, C, D are plotted. Such a set does not cover the entire point cloud.

Fig. 4 shows an inventive set, satisfies at least a spoon the condition X _{(n + 1)} <X _(n) Y _{(n + 1)} <Y _(n). In the case shown in FIG. 4, X ₃ <X ₂ with Y ₃ <Y ₂ .

Fig. 5 shows the bases of a spoon according to the invention sets a maximum sensible groove width in a coordinate system in which the bite sizes distribution, that is, the point clouds A, B, C, D are plotted. According to the invention, such a set covers almost the entire area of the point clouds (scale approximately 2: 1).

To determine whether a tray fits a particular jaw or can be used for taking an impression with a chance of success, the edges of the base of the individual trays must also, as a first approximation, have the following distances to the measured points, e.g. B. Fulfill A to D (with a ventral distance of 2 mm):

minimal vestibular protrusion 1 mm maximum vestibular protrusion 10 mm minimal lingual protrusion 0.5 mm maximum lingual protrusion 10 mm minimal overhang distal 1 mm (measured on the last molar) maximum overhang distal 15 mm (measured on the last molar).

The dental expressions used are illustrated in FIG. 6. The abbreviations mean in detail: b - buccal, d - distal, i - incisal, la - labial, li - lingual, m - mesial, o - occlusal, p - palatal; OK - upper jaw, lower jaw - lower jaw.

Claims (5)

1. Set of dental impression trays L _n with an increasing area of the groove receiving the impression material, with a maximum length Y _n , a maximum width X _n and a groove width at the apex Z _n , measured in each case on the inside of the groove receiving the impression material, with at least a spoon L _{n + 1 of} the set fulfills the condition that the width X _{n + 1 of} this spoon is smaller than the width X _{n of} the spoon L _n , where L ₁ denotes the spoon with the smallest length Y ₁ . 2. Set according to claim 1, wherein: X _2n <X _{2n + 1} for Y _{n + 1} <Y _n , with n = 0, 1, 2.. . 3. Set according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the channel width Z _{n of} the spoons of the set do not differ from one another by more than 15%. 4. Set according to one of the preceding claims, comprising at most 6 spoons per jaw. 5. Set according to one of the preceding claims, comprising at most 4 spoons per jaw, the condition being met _{for spoon L 3 : X 3} <X ₂ with Y ₃ <Y ₂ .