CN1748073B

CN1748073B - Downhole tool

Info

Publication number: CN1748073B
Application number: CN200480003978.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 雅克·奥尔班
Original assignee: Prad Research and Development Ltd
Current assignee: Prad Research and Development Ltd
Priority date: 2003-02-11
Filing date: 2004-02-04
Publication date: 2011-06-08
Anticipated expiration: 2024-02-04
Also published as: RU2331753C2; GB2398308A8; GB2398308A; GB0303019D0; MXPA05007965A; WO2004072437A1; GB2398308B; CA2514534C; NO20053650D0; RU2005128283A; CA2514534A1; US20060054354A1; NO20053650L; CN1748073A

Abstract

A downhole tool comprising: an axial drive unit ( 10 ) having a connection for an electric power cable extending up the borehole, and including an anchoring mechanism ( 12, 16 ) operable in the borehole between a first configuration in which the anchoring mechanism resists rotational and axial movement of the unit, and a second configuration in which the anchoring mechanism is moveable axially inthe borehole, an axial drive mechanism that moves the anchoring mechanism axially down the borehole when in the second configuration; a motor ( 28 ) mounted on the drive unit at the downhole end thereof; an hydraulic pump ( 30 ) connected to the motor, the pump providing a source of hydraulic power; and a functional unit connected below the hydraulic pump and powered thereby, operation of the axial drive mechanism acting to move the functional unit axially down the borehole.

Description

Downhole tool

Technical field

The present invention relates to downhole tool (downhole tool), particularly relate to the drilling tool that is used for such as oil well, well and the natural gas well.

Background technology

Aspect the structure and processing of subterranean well, many fundamental technicss of operating with drilling tool that are used to transport are arranged.For example, when probing, drill bit is fixed on the lower end of the drill string that is formed by a series of end to end empty drilling pipes.By at ground rotary drilling roofbolt, perhaps by using drilling motor, make the drill bit rotation, and this rotation and the weight that is applied on the drill bit allow probing be carried out.In order to remove the material that gets out and to help in drilling process, drilling mud (generally being known as " mud ") to be pumped into drill string inside downwards, transport go back to ground with the material (" drilling cuttings ") that withdraws from drill bit and will get out around the anchor ring (annulus) of drill string outside.Drilling mud also provides the support to drilling well, and the hydraulic pressure of rock stratum evenly, because the hydrostatic pressure that fluid column produces.In the development of this technology, motor generally is installed in the drill string above the drill bit with the form of Moyno (positive displacement) device.Motor is driven and can be used in the rotation that is independent of drill string and comes rotary drill bit by slurry flows.This technology makes the direction of probing controlled in conjunction with bent downhole assembly (" bent sub ") and direction sensor.For the straight line probing, use rotary drilling roofbolt (" rotary drilling ") and the technology of using the motor rotary drilling-head.In order to change direction, the probing of stopping the rotation, by from ground rotary drilling roofbolt and use the drilling motor rotary drilling-head to restart probing and apply weight from ground to drill bit by drill string (" sliding-modes probing "), bent sub is oriented the direction of the positive millet cake of drill bit towards plan.When the direction of punching acquisition expectation, restart rotary drilling.

Measurement mechanism also can be arranged on the bottom (" bottom outlet parts " or " BHA ") of drill string.When BHA recalls from the hole, these devices, for example, probing is measured (" MWD ") device and is used for the measurement of relevant drilling technology: the weight of drill bit, ROP, direction and inclination or probing well logging (" LWD ") device are used to relate to the measurement of formation: resistance, nuclear are measured, acoustic measurement, through flash memory device, through the cable of in drill string, arranging, data can be offered ground, or by the mud-pulse telemetry, it is to detect the pressure pulse that produces when the drilling mud on ground by the alarm buzzer that is arranged in BHA.

Relate to and use any action need of drill string to have drilling platform on ground.And, drill string is put into quite long, the especially very dark well of time that well nuclear is pulled out drill string the well cost.

In case the hole is drilled, measurement mechanism can be used in the cable (" lead ", " electric wire ", " fair line ") that power and data communication are provided between downhole tool and the ground and drop in the hole.This operation does not need to use offshore boring island and can at a good pace carry out.But up to the present, considering provides power, torque and weight to have any problem to grooved bit, and it can only use lead to carry out drilling operation among a small circle.Coring is an example of the probing activity undertaken by wiring system.Coring is to use the rock of cylindrical drill bit around from the hole to extract solid material, and it turns back to ground and is used for analyzing.Example of lead coring unit such as US4 are shown in 354,558.Proposed to be used for drilling the another kind of wire installation in quite little hole from the side of main aperture.All these devices only provide quite short drain hole and all devices all to exist to provide torque and the weight problem to drill bit, particularly need to drill through the metal sleeve of drilling well before being drilled into rock.As US6, a kind of method shown in 167,968 relates to and will use short hard milling cutter parts to bore or mill action of leading to sleeve pipe and the action of using elasticity drilling tool parts rock drilling and separate.In another kind of technology, flexible drill shaft is surrounded with a series of disks, so not only provides support but also allows pressure impose on drill bit.This technology such as US6 are shown in 276,453.Another kind of method such as the US5 that tractive force and torque are provided respectively is shown in 687,806.

Another problem when the probing horizontal wellbore is a gravity.Vertically or not be in very inclined to one side half vertical borehole, importing lead, cable, coil pipe, tubulose rope and the instrument of wellhole because gravity drops to wellhole.When cable arrives when departing from vertical 70 °, gravity no longer provides required power and the tension force that causes thus moves on to wellhole with instrument.For example, at United States Patent (USP) 4,463, in 814, the method for some prior art discloses the tractor with anchoring device.

EP1247936 has described a kind of wireline tool, and it can arrive inside drill pipe and be used for obtaining core via drilling at the side outlet mandrel of bottom hole assembly and in the outside of drill string.In this device, packer (packer) expands in drilling pipe, and electronics piston sub (sub) is positioned at above the packer, and probing motor and core drill bit are positioned at below the packer.Piston provides weight to drive to drill bit by the slipper seal in packer, and providing of torque is by the probing motor of slurry slurry flows below packer is transferred in drill string inside.Drilling mud and drilling cuttings turn back to ground with normal mode via the anchor ring of centre bore side and the anchor ring of main aperture.Packer in this device plays the effect of reaction point, is used for the weight that applies torque and give drill bit at drilling process.It also makes drilling mud flow through motor.But, because it need provide slipper seal by packer, this design limitations it the ability of extending drilling depth is provided.And it must be supplied drilling mud from ground and return the anchor ring of drilling mud and drilling cuttings.

A kind of concrete use of this boring tool is entering again of probing, and wherein in order to improve productions, correction etc., further drilling operation makes and carries out withdrawing from well.The comment of this technology can be at Hill DNerne E, Ehlig-Economides C, with " reenter and drill the new life (Reentry Drilling Gives New Life to Aging Fields) in zone that decays " of Mollinedo M, find among oil field weekly (Oilfield Review) (in August, the 1996) 4-14.A kind of special tool(s) of describing is VIPER coil pipe drilling system (Coiled Tubing Drilling System), it comprises the drill bit module with the connector that is used for cable, the anchor tool that comprises many sensors and relevant electronic device, comprise the directional orientation tool of motor and power-equipment and have the probing unit that to handle motor.Although system provides power and data via cable, it also needs to provide coil pipe to promote instrument along well.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of downhole tool, its can be enough lead operation and can provide enough torque and to the weight of drill bit, to realize effective probing.

According to the present invention, provide downhole tool to comprise: an axial driver element, it has and is used for the connection that power cable extends to drilling well, and comprise an anchor mechanism, it is operable in first and arranges that (first configuration) and second arranges between (second configuration) in described drilling well, resist the rotation of described driver element and axial moving at anchor mechanism described in this first layout, in described drilling well, can move axially at anchor mechanism described in this second layout; One axial actuating mechanism, it axially moves described anchor mechanism when arranging when being in described second along described drilling well; One is installed in the motor on the described driver element, and it is in the downhole end of described driver element; One hydraulic pump, it connects described motor, and this pump provides a hydraulic power supply; With a functional unit, it is connected below the described hydraulic pump and is supplied to power thus, and the operation of described axial actuating mechanism is used for this functional unit is axially moved on under the described drilling well.

Preferably directed element is positioned at below the driver element, allows so at least that the part instrument below driver element pivots, thereby allows functional unit asymmetric in the specific direction location.Turning member (diverting member) (such as kick plate (kick plate)) can be positioned at below the functional unit, to promote this unit along predetermined direction according to the operation of driver element, functional unit is advanced in the drilling well downwards.

Fluid filled is generally used in drilling well, and hydraulic pump preferably uses it as the hydraulic fluid supply that hydraulic power is provided.

Functional unit has many possible functions: probing, well are filled, measure, are encouraged (stimulation), correct any combination of functions such as (remediation) and these functions.Wherein functional unit has the probing function, and it preferably includes the probing motor, and it provides power by the hydraulic fluid that comes self-pumping.The probing motor generally connects pump (it is by motor-driven) by the hollow auger spindle that fluid flows through, and promotes to drill the unit forward by driver element.Drill bit can connect the probing motor.

By suitably using kick plate and/or the bent sub (bend sub) (for example, bent sub is along hanging down as for the plane positioning of kick plate basically, and bit face is to the direction of leaving plate) in the boring tool, drill bit is drilled away from drilling well.The length that depends on auger spindle away from the extension of drilling well probing.Preferably, a support member is set on auger spindle at least, to avoid the bending in the drilling process.

For the material that prevents to get out blocks well or instrument is stuck, swarf collector for drills can be positioned at below the probing unit and be installed on the instrument, and gatherer (generally being bag or storage tube) can be extracted out from well with instrument along with cable.A plurality of steering gears (diverter) (for example, rubber cap) can be positioned at the probing unit above and below, enter gatherer to force drilling cuttings.In this case, preferably provide circulation pipe, allow circulation of fluid get back in the drilling well of removing drilling cuttings.Replacedly, one or more deflection plates (baffle) are set, will contain under the drilling well below the direct fluid instrument of drilling cuttings, block avoiding.

Alternatively, the probing unit further comprises measuring unit and swell packers, is used to provide the pressure isolation of part drilling well.Latter feature when tool using carries out formation pressure measurements of great use.

The replaceable form of functional unit can comprise filler cells (completion unit).It generally comprises the tubulose filling component, for example, sleeve pipe or barrier (screen), generally kick plate or the whipstock (whipstock) by correct location may be advanced in the drilling well, and when instrument is extracted out from drilling well, broken away to keep in place.Filling component can be used fill fluid, for example, cement slurry or granule packing (gravel pack), they come out from the filling component pumping by means of hydraulic pump, enter in the filling component drilling well on every side.

Instrument also comprises the memory cell that is arranged in drilling well, wherein can store a functional unit when not in use at least.In this case, latch system is set preferably, is used for making the functional unit that is stored in memory cell to break away from all the other instruments.

Another embodiment of instrument comprises imaging device (imaging device), is used for the drilling well part of orientation tool with operation.

Description of drawings

Below by embodiment shown in the drawings the present invention is described, wherein:

Fig. 1 represents the common trait of first embodiment of the invention;

The structure that the embodiment of Fig. 2 presentation graphs 1 is used to drill;

The embodiment of Fig. 3 a and 3b presentation graphs 2 is in the different phase of drilling operation;

Fig. 4 represents the structure that second embodiment of the invention is used to drill;

Fig. 5 represents that third embodiment of the invention is used to the structure of drilling and measuring;

Fig. 6 represents that fourth embodiment of the invention is used for probing and tonometric structure;

Fig. 7 a and 7b represent fifth embodiment of the invention be used to finish the different phase operation structure and

Fig. 8 represents that sixth embodiment of the invention is used for the structure of multi-mode operation.

The specific embodiment

Referring now to accompanying drawing, represent a plurality of embodiment of the present invention.Although all these embodiment of Miao Shuing are open pores in the text, should be appreciated that this also can be a cased hole, perhaps comprises drill string or production tube (production tubing).All these understandings are included in the use of term " drilling well ".And in the context of the layout of drilling well and instrument, used term " goes up that " expression is represented away from the ground direction towards ground direction and D score, even the drilling well of discussing is not vertical.The first embodiment of the present invention is shown in Figure 1, comprises driver element 10, and it comprises the connection that is used for the cable (not shown).Driver element 10 is a tractor unit (tractor unit) basically, and such as at US5,954,131 is described.But in the structure described here, it is positioned at the top of tool string (tool string) and is used for promoting instrument along drilling well, rather than draws them in its back.And lead is used to be provided at power and the data of unit below 10.

Driver element is operated facing to the Lock Part 12 that borehole wall 14 is positioned unit 10 1 ends by extension.Corresponding Lock Part 16 is arranged on the other end of driver element 10, and still, in this first layout, their relative drilling wells 14 do not lock.Part driver element between

Lock Part

12,16 comprises extension and contracting mechanism 18.Operate this mechanism 18, to promote the bottom of driver element down to drilling well.In case mechanism 18 extends fully,, go into the well thereby the top of unit dragged with drilling well 14 lockings and shrink this mechanism 18 and advance by relative drilling well 14 locking lower member 16, upper member 12 in this unit.When needs, can repeat this circulation.When expectation was extracted tool carrier out instrument to the vertical component of well or in well, parts did not lock for 12,16 groups, and instrument moves down owing to gravity or retracts ground in common mode by cable.

And then orienting sub 20 is positioned at below the driver element 10.The sub that uses in it and the above-mentioned VIPER coil pipe drilling system is basic identical.Orienting sub comprises motor, and pivots relatively between tools section above allowing and the following sub.

Control sub 22 is positioned at below the orienting sub 20.Control sub 22 comprises many functions, is used for control tool (comprising power supply) and is used to control telemetry systems, system control logic etc.

Below control sub 22 (maybe may control the formation part of sub 22) is navigation dive 24.It comprises and is used for determining that instrument is at the position of drilling well 14 and accelerometer, magnetometer and the gyroscope of direction.Right sensors comprises the GPIT tilt meter of Schlumberger, or the navigation sensor of above-mentioned VIPER instrument.Navigation dive can be positioned at above the orienting sub.In this case, require to be recorded in the pointer functionality of the relative position of the relative navigation dive of tools section below the orienting sub.

The pumping unit 26 that comprises the motor 28 that drives Moyno (positive displacement) pump 30 is positioned at below the navigation dive 24.The size and the power of motor 28 and pump 30 are selected according to performance constraint.For example, the power of motor 28 depends on that available quantity of power and tool string can be by the maximum size limitation of drilling well, production tube etc. and so on cable.The output of pump 30 is subjected to the power output of motor 20, the speed of motor 28, the influence that also has operational size to limit.Pump has inlet 32 in the top, and to allow drilling fluid flow into pump and to have outlet 34 in its lower end, fluid is from the outlet pumping, so that the hydraulic power supply to be provided.

Functional unit of the present invention is installed in the port of export 34 of pump 30.The functional unit of Fig. 2-7 expression boring tool form.As shown in Figure 2, the auger spindle 36 of minor diameter drilling pipe (for example, 1.5 ") form connects the output of these pumps 30.This length depends on from the maximum length of any side opening of main drilling well 14 probings.Probing motor 38 is positioned at this axle 36 lower ends.This probing motor 38 generally is Moyno device (except difference in this structure, similar to pump 30, it is driven via the fluid stream that drill pipe 36 arrived, entered motor from pump 30).Probing motor 38 generally relatively little (21/8 " or 23/8 ") generally comprises the bending in housing as known directionality drilling operation.In fact the preferred crooked motor with crooked housing that uses to constitute enough angles in short distance, forms effective side opening from main borehole 14.

Drill bit 40 (for example, 2.4 ") be installed on the probing motor 38 with normal mode.

Kick plate 42 is positioned at below the drill bit, but is directly connected to the top of driver element 10 by support member 43.Kick plate 42 comprises plate or relative angled other plane of borehole axis, and is used for promoting drill bit along the relative drilling well of specific direction.In operation, kick plate works in the mode similar to whipstock, and is as described below.Support member 43 is slidingly connected by lockable and 44 connects driver elements.Swivel (swiver) 46 is arranged on the middle road (part way) along support member 43, to make kick plate 42 directed in drilling well by operational orientation sub 20.The function of kick plate 42 is discussed in more detail below.

In use, instrument utilizes cable to drop in the well, up to the degree of depth that arrives expectation.Lock and drive electrical pumping unit 26 at this position driver element 10 by Lock Part on operating 12.Fluid (" mud ") is pumped into the bradawl pipe 36 from main shaft 14.Mud flows in the drilling pipe 36 and arrives and makes drill bit 40 motor rotating 38.

Before beginning probing, orienting sub 20 guarantees to drill the bending of motor 38, and kick plate 42 is towards correct direction (often being called " tool-face ").Axial displacement and drill bit weight (" WOB ") are transmitted by driver element 10.

This combination technique allows drill bit 40 be advanced to formation, and owing to crooked probing motor 38 is drilled bent hole.Select angle of bend, make side opening 50 on its length (generally being approximately 100 feet), turn 90 degrees, shown in Fig. 3 a and 3b.Mud circulation is provided by the pumping unit in the main aperture 14 26 via bradawl roofbolt and drill bit in side opening 50.Drilling cuttings in side opening 50 transports and sends in the main aperture 14 and leaves in the collector for bore cuttings by mud, as following description with reference to Fig. 4.

When the probing of a side opening 50 was finished, if the drilling cuttings collecting bag is discontented, the lead electric drill was visited system and can be moved on to another degree of depth and begin to drill another side opening.

Kick plate 42 is the guide strips that are set as angle with the axle of main aperture 14.This plate 42 plays whipstock, to produce side force and drill bit is advanced formation on drill bit 40.This kick plate 42 generally 44 is connected to driver element 10 by being slidingly connected.Kick plate 42 can remain on the permanent position of drilling well 14, maybe when starting the kick plate probing, is fixed on the stationary part certain distance apart from driver element 10.Promote in the displacement process at first of driver element 10, after the top of driver element 10 was locked in the drilling well, drill bit 40 was pushed into kick plate 42 and contacts.In case when drill bit 40 began to penetrate borehole wall with formation side opening 50, kick plate 42 can be away from inlet point when driver element 10 is arranged in drilling well 14 again.

In one replaced, kick plate kept with two stay pipes that are parallel to drill string.These pipes slide into the connection 44 of driver element 10 and use swivel, as mentioned above.The middle part or the top of driver element is installed in the connection that is used for stay pipe.The slip of stay pipe in connection can be controlled by the locking system in connecting, and be as follows:

A) when the probing of new side opening begins, driver element shortens, so that the upper and lower together, its top of locking in the hole discharges its underpart simultaneously then.

B) be used for the locking system locking of kick plate stay pipe.This pipe is fixed on the top of so relative driver element.

C) then, driver element begins to extend.Like this bottom parts (comprising drill string) is pushed away towards the bottom.Bit hits kick plate and generation axial displacement force drill bit to enter formation.

D) when drill bit fully during the approaching side formation, can discharge the locking system that is used for stay pipe.In some cases, it needs some to select, in the process of the drilling operation of finishing side opening, kick plate being remained on initial position with respect to drilling well, rather than with respect to driver element.

Another embodiment of the present invention as shown in Figure 4, it guarantees that well portion around kick plate 42 is by hydraulic isolation.This isolation realizes by two rubber caps 52,54 (replacing with two packers), the upper and lower probing part of its sealing drilling well 14.This isolation forces flows out side opening 50 in drilling process mud pressure enters in the drilling cuttings collecting bag 56 that is installed on the following cap 54.When Move tool in wellhole, rubber cap or packer shrink or dwindle.

Drilling cuttings bag 56 comprises and being installed in or near the sack of kick plate 42.This bag is collected in the drilling cuttings that the mud that come out by side opening 50 in the drilling process is taken out of.In preferred embodiment, bag 56 reaches below the kick plate 42, as shown in Figure 4.Filling mechanism correctly circulates (flowing back to mud, to guarantee correct filling) by drilling cuttings, for example, is installed in down " bellows " type bag on the cap 54.Circulation pipe 58 is installed between cap 52 and 54.Bag 56 is porous, makes to keep drilling cuttings when mud passes through, and the mud that passes through turns back in the pipe 58 and enters near the pumping unit 26 drilling well 14.Interchangeable device comprises the osmos tube of the collection drilling cuttings that replaces bag, or retaining device, and described baffle plate is with the drilling well 14 below the drilling cuttings steering tool, if it is dispensable to reenter the drilling well bottom.

Under the state of compression, axial force is transferred to drill bit 40 from driver element 10 at the drill pipe 36 between pumping unit 26 and the motor 38, and guarantees the weight (WOB) of drill bit.The diameter of pipe generally very little (may at 1-1.75 " between), length of tube approximately is 150 feet.Need be in some probing is used up to 3 tons WOB.This axial load can produce unstability influence (bucklingeffect) in drill pipe.In large diameter drilling well, drill pipe may produce large deformation, and this can be harmful to the structure and the drilling process of drill pipe.For fear of the unstability of drill pipe 36 at big bore portion, pipe guider 60 can be installed in different distance along pipe 36.These guiders can comprise the cross-shaped part of the approximate main aperture diameter of size.Pipe 36 slides in guider 60.Guider 60 usefulness elastomeric connectors 62 interconnect, thus the restriction largest interval.The upper end of connector 62 connects driver element 10, and the lower end connects kick plate 42.

Produce WOB by driver element 10, it is preferably with the constant force operation, rather than constant speed.When probing motor 38 stops (can monitoring by real-time pump pressure and detect), control it and reduce WOB rapidly.

Little log measurement) sub 64 can be installed between drill pipe 36 and the motor 38, as shown in Figure 5.When have be used for inner slurry flows about 1 " internal holes the time, this sub 64 generally has approximately " OD.This sub comprises the minimal parts that supports measurement at least, and is connected the control sub 22 below the driver element 10.Communication can be based on lead or wireless telemetry.This control sub 22 is controlled described measurement sub 64, and by cable transfer of data is arrived ground.

Measure sub 64 and can comprise following function:

-resistance is measured.This can be based on electrode (sidelights record), based on induction coil or based on loop aerial.When restriction crosstalk effect, the localization electronic equipment can be used for measuring.

-clinometer is to determine the inclination of side opening.

-mini gamma-ray detector.

-measure at the air vent pressure of as shown in Figure 6 failure area.Inflatable packer 66 can provide the anchor ring of isolating side opening 50.Pressure measuring instrument is installed in drill string 36 inside below the pumping unit 26.In measuring process, when pump 30 moves with near the The Small Well hole 50 " emptying " drill bit 40 with rp mode, the little anchor ring of packer 66 sealings.Can measure formation pressure like this.If the pump that is used to drill 30 can not produce enough low pressure near drill bit 40, the piston pump (not shown) can walk abreast and be used for reduce (the needing valve to isolate the probing pump) of big pressure.

The well logging of one, drilling method allow the outline drawing of the axial distance of definite record data relative distance wellhole.Can realize fine definition characteristic perpendicular to main wellbore.

Very important in the ability that after drilling well 14 extraction instruments, enters small side hole 50 again.Because the degree of depth and orientation measurement are perhaps insufficient, need well log picture (from electronics or ultrasonoscopy, such as FMI, OBMI or the UBI instrument of Schlumberger).These images allow the visual small radius of operator hole (its present long oval) on borehole wall.For this application, drilling system should guarantee " whole line (though-wiring) ", thereby imaging tool can be installed in below the kick plate.Carry out superincumbent well logging at first, with the location aperture.Behind the location, driver element 10 is used for drill bit 40 is dropped to the correct degree of depth (and in correct direction).Can be measured as the location that reenters the described device that side opening improves and the depth offset between imaging system and the described device by the displacement of driver element.

In the embodiments of the invention shown in Fig. 7 a and the 7b, the probing of above-mentioned instrument is arranged by filling function and is replaced.In illustrated example, cement slurry 72 is housed in advance and 74 ends that are connected drill pipe 73 with the bushing pipe 70 that bottom 76 is provided with piston at the top, with with the intimate mode of the above-mentioned probing that relates to, use driver element 10 and kick plate 42 to creep in the hole 14 and advance in the side opening 50.When bushing pipe 70 is arranged in side opening 50 (Fig. 7 b), operation pumping unit 26 to bushing pipe inside, forces described lower piston 76 come out (or cut off liner at its lower end sealing) with the described upper piston of pumping 74 times, and force cement slurry to enter the anchor ring that centers on bushing pipe 70 in the side opening 50, allow to be arranged on herein.Then, bushing pipe 70 breaks away from drill pipe 73, and instrument is extracted out from drilling well 14.If bushing pipe 70 extends from side opening 50, it need be from borehole wall milling part projection.This may make of special tool(s) or the proper function unit that is installed on the instrument of the present invention.

Also can use other to fill and select, as follows:

A) lining pipe is to be slotted liner.

B) described filling can be made up of the strainer of bright stone packing.Moreover in order to be transported in the hole, the bright stone of packing is included in filter interior, and for bonding, pumping is come out in the same manner described above.In this case, need provide temporary transient bushing pipe, to allow described packing be pumped into the outside of described barrier end in barrier inside.

C) (intelligentcompletion) filled in the intellectuality with pile-up valve (integrated valve) and measuring system.

In some applications, the multi-mode operation that carries out once in service at main aperture is very important.An example is the installation of primary side to probing and side direction permanent sensors.

For this application, can use two head systems.Beginning, this system oriented makes the correct direction of bit face to side direction.After probing, orienting sub rotary drill bit 180 degree (not having kick-pad (kick pad)).In this case, clutch is from the direction of kick-pad disengaging (when needing) drill bit.Then, another drill bit is positioned at the front of kick-pad, prepares to enter side opening.For example, this can be the permanent installation system that is used for side direction.

Fig. 8 represents that embodiments of the invention are used for the structure of multi-mode operation.Kick-pad 42 is provided with clutch system (clutch system), is used for rotating (or not rotating) with orienting sub 20 and probing motor.And kick-pad can be equipped with two or more buckets (barrel) 80,81, to hold motor and other function element when the unlatching.

For this application, motor 38 connects drill pipe 36 by the latch system of being controlled by control sub 22 82.This allows motor 38 unlatchings to make it be left in the big bounce bucket 80.Then, drill-pipe latch 82 can be introduced into another keg 80 in the kick-pad 42.This keg 80 can load the different function units 84 that is stopped by latch system 82.This allows drill pipe 36 to fasten with a bolt or latch on the latch system 82.Then, this instrument can be used for functional unit 84 is pushed side opening 50 and it is for good and all installed (if desired), as mentioned above.

The present invention can also be applicable to cased hole.In this case, need in sleeve pipe, open a fenestra (window) with milling cutter, after this can drill and/or other operation, as mentioned above to the operation first time of suitable location.

When this instrument is prepared to be used for by production tube, also need to change.For example, can angle the whipstock of formula (wireline fishable) to replace kick plate with lead.And, can replace imaging tool such as the instrument of many fingers caliper instrument (multi-finger caliper), be used at the sleeve pipe locating hole.

Claims

1. downhole tool, it comprises:

(i) an axial driver element (10), it has and is used for the connection that power cable extends to drilling well (14), and comprises

One anchor mechanism (12,16), it is operable in described drilling well (14) between one first layout and one second layout, it resists the rotation of described unit (10) and axial moving in this first layout, can move axially in described drilling well (14) at anchor mechanism (16) described in this second layout

One axial actuating mechanism (18), it axially moves described anchor mechanism (16) when arranging when being in described second along described drilling well;

It is characterized in that it also comprises:

A (ii) motor (28) that is installed on the described driver element (10), it is in the downhole end of described driver element (10);

A (iii) hydraulic pump (30), it connects described motor (28), and this pump provides a hydraulic power supply; With

A (iv) functional unit (38,40), it is connected below the described hydraulic pump (30) and is supplied to power thus, and the operation of described axial actuating mechanism (18) is used for this functional unit is axially moved on under the described drilling well (14).

2. instrument as claimed in claim 1 wherein also comprises a directed unit (20), and it allows the pivoting to the small part instrument below described driver element (10).

3. instrument as claimed in claim 1 wherein also comprises a turning member (42), and it is positioned at below the described functional unit (38,40), and it is used for promoting described functional unit along a predetermined direction when operation driving mechanism (18).

4. instrument as claimed in claim 1, wherein said hydraulic pump (30) use the fluid in the described drilling well (14) that hydraulic power supply is provided.

5. instrument as claimed in claim 1, wherein said functional unit are well construction devices.

6. instrument as claimed in claim 5, wherein said well construction device comprises a drilling assembly.

7. instrument as claimed in claim 6, wherein said drilling assembly comprise a probing motor (38), and it obtains power by the hydraulic power supply that comes from described pump (30).

8. instrument as claimed in claim 7 wherein also comprises a drill bit (40), and it is driven by described probing motor (38).

9. instrument as claimed in claim 7, wherein said probing motor (38) connects described pump (30) by a hollow auger spindle (36), and hydraulic fluid flows through this hollow auger spindle.

10. the instrument shown in claim 9 comprises also that wherein at least one is installed in the support component on the described auger spindle, and opposing is crooked to support when drilling.

11. as each described instrument among the claim 6-10, wherein also comprise at least one deflection plate (42), its drilling cuttings that is configured to get out is directed at the well under the described instrument.

12. as each described instrument among the claim 6-10, wherein also comprise a swarf collector for drills (56), it is positioned at below the described drilling assembly and is installed on the described instrument, is used to collect the material that described drilling assembly gets out.

13. instrument as claimed in claim 12 wherein also comprises a plurality of steering gears (52,54), its be positioned at the top of described drilling assembly and below, enter described gatherer to force drilling cuttings.

14. instrument as claimed in claim 13 wherein also comprises a circulation pipe (58), it extends between described a plurality of steering gears, to allow fluid loop back up to the drilling well of removing drilling cuttings.

15., wherein also comprise a measuring unit (64) that is arranged in described drilling assembly as each described instrument among the claim 6-10.

16. as each described instrument among the claim 6-10, wherein also be included in the swell packers (66) above the described drilling assembly, it allows that described at least drilling assembly is positioned at the pressure isolation of part drilling well wherein when expanding.

17. instrument as claimed in claim 5, wherein said well construction device comprises a filler cells.

18. instrument as claimed in claim 17, wherein said well construction device comprises a tubulose filling component (70), it can advance to by the operation of described driver element (10) in the drilling well (14), when described instrument when described drilling well (14) is extracted out, broken away from and remained on the appropriate location.

19. instrument as claimed in claim 18, wherein said filling component is filled with a fill fluid (72), and this fill fluid comes out to go forward side by side around the drilling well of described filling component from described filling component pumping by means of hydraulic pump (30).

20. as each described instrument among the claim 1-10, wherein also comprise a memory cell that is arranged in described drilling well, at least one functional unit can be stored in this memory cell when not using.

21. instrument as claimed in claim 20 wherein also comprises a latch system (80,81), it is used for making the functional unit that is stored in described memory cell to break away from and being connected of remaining instrument.

22. as each described instrument among the claim 1-10, wherein also comprise an imaging device, it is used to locate the drilling well part of described instrument with operation.