CN1275454A - 一种紧固件的制造方法 - Google Patents
一种紧固件的制造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21F—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF METAL WIRE
- B21F5/00—Upsetting wire or pressing operations affecting the wire cross-section
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C5/00—Pointing; Push-pointing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C5/00—Pointing; Push-pointing
- B21C5/006—Pointing; Push-pointing of solid material, e.g. wire or profiles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21G—MAKING NEEDLES, PINS OR NAILS OF METAL
- B21G3/00—Making pins, nails, or the like
- B21G3/16—Pointing; with or without cutting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21G—MAKING NEEDLES, PINS OR NAILS OF METAL
- B21G3/00—Making pins, nails, or the like
- B21G3/18—Making pins, nails, or the like by operations not restricted to one of the groups B21G3/12 - B21G3/16
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
- B21K1/00—Making machine elements
- B21K1/44—Making machine elements bolts, studs, or the like
- B21K1/46—Making machine elements bolts, studs, or the like with heads
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
- B21K1/00—Making machine elements
- B21K1/44—Making machine elements bolts, studs, or the like
- B21K1/52—Making machine elements bolts, studs, or the like double-ended, e.g. with heads on both ends
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K13/00—Welding by high-frequency current heating
- B23K13/01—Welding by high-frequency current heating by induction heating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
- B23K2101/32—Wires
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
- B23K2101/34—Coated articles, e.g. plated or painted; Surface treated articles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/02—Iron or ferrous alloys
Abstract
采用一种方法经济地制造紧固件(5、6),其中在一个长度超过两个紧固件(5、6)的毛坯的两个末端区域各镦锻出一个头部(2、3),在加热位于两个镦锻出的头部(2、3)之间的毛坯(1)的中间段(4)之后轴向拉伸直至在加热段(4)内使它断开。
Description
本发明涉及一种用来制造紧固件的按权利要求1前序部分的方法。
已知一种制造紧固件的方法,其中在第一个工步中从钢丝上切下一个圆柱形毛坯,其长度大于待制造紧固件的完工长度。接着在毛坯的第一个端部区域镦锻出一个头部,在第二个端部区域通过锤锻过程设置一个尖端。在锤锻时处于冷态的圆柱形柄部末端通过两个半模的锤击运动变形成凸形。
因为锤锻引起很高的声级,相应的设备必须加防护罩,并且工作区作为噪声防护区标志出来,在这个区内规定要戴耳罩。此外设备外罩使可接近性变差。从而也使工作场地的人机工程学不合理。
锤锻带来的另一个缺点是半模经受高的磨损,此外这种基本上连续发生的磨损导致,成形的尖端的形状逐渐改变,因此也使质量下降。
此外因为对于每个紧固件必须准备一个自己的毛坯,总体上说得到较低的生产效率以及与此相关的高的制造成本。
本发明的目的是,创造一种制造紧固件的方法,用这种方法可以达到更高的生产效率、小的制造费用、恒定的尖部质量、无磨损的尖部制造和降低噪声发射。
这个目的用具有权利要求1的特征的紧固件制造方法来解决。
用按本发明的方法可以使制造费用保持非常小。通过此方法一个毛坯可以制造两个紧固件,此外可以达到非常高的生产率。这种在热和拉力作用下发生的尖部制造完全无磨损地进行,此外达到恒定的尖部质量。
头部宜镦锻成具有在垂直于毛坯纵向分布的方向突出于毛坯外轮廓的外轮廓。用这种方法形成的紧固件特别适用于将构件固定在地基上,其中构件被紧固件的头部压在地基的表面上。
通过将头部之间的一段最好加热到900℃至1200℃的方法。在相向拉伸毛坯时便能达到毛坯中间段良好的、迅速的变形。
紧固件锥凸形的尖部长度取决于加热段的长度。只要中间段的长度相当于2至8倍的垂直于毛坯纵向分布的粗细,便能达到紧固件嵌入地基的良好楔入性能和尖部的高强度。
为了迅速加热毛坯,最好感应加热中间段。例如借助于感应器进行这种感应加热,待加热的毛坯段穿过这个感应器。这个感应器可以在两个头部之间移位。因此加热段的位置也是可变的。通过感应器的可移动性创造了这样的可能性,由一个毛坯做成具有相同长度的两个紧固件或者两个具有不同长度的紧固件。
中间段有利地通过在头部拉伸工具的作用沿轴向相互拉开。为此目的头部具有相互面对面的环形肩部,拉伸工具可以特别良好地支承在这个肩部上,而不发生头部的损坏。
为了能够经济地制造用来拉断毛坯的工具,对于拉断毛坯所必需的拉力适合于由一个弹簧提供,它在直到中间段加热结束为止一直被装置保持在预紧位置上,在中间段加热以后被释放。
拉断中间段所需的拉力取决于毛坯材料、横截面大小、加热的温度和要求的尖部几何形状。因此在毛坯上宜施加200N至2000N的拉力。
尖部几何形状例如通过输入的热能、用来拉断毛坯的拉力和速度加以影响。如果例如给中间段输入很多热能或者用大的拉力拉断毛坯,那么两个钉子的尖部具有大的长度和小的尖顶角。当输入较少热能或在毛坯上施加小的拉力时,则钉子尖部具有小的长度和大的尖顶角。
在镦锻头部后加热中间段前例如进行清洗过程,它用来从毛坯上去除磷酸盐层和对于毛坯端部成形所必需的润滑剂。
为了例如借助于安装工具使用紧固件,它必须具有相应的硬度。淬硬例如是另一个工步,它在毛坯拉断后分两个紧固件单独进行。
如果它用锌层涂覆,便能达到紧固件嵌入地基内的特别良好的楔入性。锌层用作滑动和润滑剂。
借助于表示一个实施例的各个工步的附图对本发明作较详细的说明。其中表示:
图1 具有适当长度的毛坯;
图2 具有两个镦锻出的头部的按图1的毛坯;
图3 按图2的毛坯,其头部与拉伸工具共同作用;
图4 在位于头部之间的中间段加热后借助于拉伸工具拉断毛坯时的按图2的毛坯;
图5 在拉断并分成两个紧固件后的按图2的毛坯。
图1表示一个圆柱形毛坯1,在从一个没有具体画出来的钢丝上切断以后具有合适的长度。毛坯1具有圆形横截面,和一个大于图5中所示的紧固件5、6的长度的两倍的总长度。
如图2中所示,借助于镦锻过程毛坯1的两个端部区域分别配备了一个头部2、3,其中两个头部2、3具有同样的直径和基本上相同的体积,以及超过原来的毛坯1的直径的直径。
在图3至5中毛坯1以其两个头部2、3安装在一个没有具体画出来的装置的两个相隔一定距离的拉伸工具8内,用这个装置可以通过头部2、3在毛坯1上施加一个平行于毛坯1纵向分布的方向的拉力F。
由图4可以看出,装在拉伸工具8内的毛坯1用拉力F加载,并加热位于两个头部2、3之间的中间段4。作用在段4上的热能Q和接着由拉伸工具8作用在毛坯1上的拉力F导致,位于两个头部2、3之间的段4形成两个尖端直至它分成一个例如逐渐变细的锥凸形形状,如图5中所示。
为了能够产生具有不同长度的紧固件5、6,例如一个用来产生热能Q的、没有具体画出来的感应器可以在毛坯1的两个头部2、3之间移动。
Claims (8)
1.通过在一个末端区域镦锻头部(2、3)以及在另一个末端区域形成尖部制造紧固件(5、6)的方法,其特征在于:在其长度超过两个紧固件(5、6)的毛坯(1)的两个末端区域上分别镦锻出一个头部(2、3),并在加热位于镦锻出的头部(2、3)之间的毛坯(1)的中间段(4)后轴向拉伸直至其在加热段(4)内断开。
2.按权利要求1的方法,其特征在于:镦锻出具有在垂直于毛坯(1)纵向分布的方向超出毛坯(1)外轮廓的外轮廓的头部(2、3)。
3.按权利要求1或2的方法,其特征在于:位于头部(2、3)之间的中间段(4)加热到900℃至1200℃。
4.按权利要求1至3之任一项的方法,其特征在于:段(4)的长度相当于2至8倍的、垂直于毛坯(1)纵向分布的粗细。
5.按权利要求1至4之任一项的方法,其特征在于:段(4)感应加热。
6.按权利要求1至5之任一项的方法,其特征在于:毛坯(1)通过作用在头部(2、3)上的拉伸工具(8)轴向拉断。
7.按权利要求6的方法,其特征在于:拉伸工具(8)的拉力(F)通过弹簧力施加。
8.按权利要求7的方法,其特征在于:施加200N至2000N的拉力(F)。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19924903A DE19924903A1 (de) | 1999-05-31 | 1999-05-31 | Herstellverfahren eines Befestigungslementes |
DE19924903.2 | 1999-05-31 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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CN1275454A true CN1275454A (zh) | 2000-12-06 |
CN1207117C CN1207117C (zh) | 2005-06-22 |
Family
ID=7909767
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CNB001179101A Expired - Lifetime CN1207117C (zh) | 1999-05-31 | 2000-05-25 | 一种紧固件的制造方法 |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6234913B1 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP1057553B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP4584412B2 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR100642958B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1207117C (zh) |
DE (2) | DE19924903A1 (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2231144T3 (zh) |
HU (1) | HU223854B1 (zh) |
TW (1) | TWI231241B (zh) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN112566735A (zh) * | 2018-06-18 | 2021-03-26 | 格林电子技术有限公司 | 用于无毛刺地分割线材的方法和设备以及相应分割的线材件 |
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US6612143B1 (en) | 2001-04-13 | 2003-09-02 | Orametrix, Inc. | Robot and method for bending orthodontic archwires and other medical devices |
DE10119800A1 (de) * | 2001-04-23 | 2002-10-24 | Hilti Ag | Befestigungselement |
US7076987B2 (en) * | 2004-08-05 | 2006-07-18 | Becton, Dickinson And Company | Method of producing tapered or pointed cannula |
US7086266B2 (en) * | 2004-08-05 | 2006-08-08 | Becton, Dickinson And Company | Method of producing tapered or pointed cannula |
CN101015840B (zh) * | 2007-02-07 | 2010-05-19 | 江苏星火特钢有限公司 | 钢丝拔尖装置 |
CN101890617B (zh) * | 2010-06-08 | 2012-07-18 | 东莞鸿图金属压铸电器制造有限公司 | 利用拉拔无缝钢管制作精密销钉的方法 |
CN102284672B (zh) * | 2011-08-04 | 2013-04-10 | 唐亮 | 轨道用道钉生产工艺方法 |
WO2015155803A1 (ja) * | 2014-04-09 | 2015-10-15 | 種市 薫 | 釘 |
CN106623702B (zh) * | 2016-12-07 | 2019-01-11 | 重庆金诺克机械制造有限公司 | 射钉挤压成型机 |
CN107299761B (zh) * | 2017-06-30 | 2019-10-29 | 中国建筑第五工程局有限公司 | 一种固定建筑线盒的方法 |
EP3670935A1 (de) | 2018-12-20 | 2020-06-24 | Hilti Aktiengesellschaft | Befestigungselement |
EP3670936A1 (de) | 2018-12-20 | 2020-06-24 | Hilti Aktiengesellschaft | Befestigungselement |
TWM597711U (zh) * | 2020-04-08 | 2020-07-01 | 沅聖科技股份有限公司 | 檢測治具 |
KR102415055B1 (ko) * | 2020-06-10 | 2022-06-30 | 주식회사 에이치엠 | 분리방지수단이 결합된 코터핀 제조방법 |
EP4108358B1 (en) * | 2021-06-25 | 2024-04-10 | F.LLI MAURI S.p.A. | Apparatus, machine and method for deforming the opposite ends of a piece of wire |
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US1995234A (en) * | 1932-07-18 | 1935-03-19 | Warwood Tool Company | Method of making bits for mining machines |
US2612063A (en) * | 1948-06-25 | 1952-09-30 | Deere & Co | Machine for forming teeth for peg tooth harrows |
US3218136A (en) * | 1959-06-08 | 1965-11-16 | Hogan Company | Steel stake |
US3588933A (en) * | 1968-06-19 | 1971-06-29 | George J Shinopulos | Method and apparatus for simultaneously upset forming both ends of a ductile material rod blank or the like |
US4014199A (en) * | 1976-01-26 | 1977-03-29 | Gte Sylvania Incorporated | Apparatus and method for providing an electrical contact with a tip portion substantially free of burrs |
JPS5978717A (ja) * | 1982-10-28 | 1984-05-07 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | 段つきの棒または管の製造方法 |
JPS63183740A (ja) * | 1987-04-06 | 1988-07-29 | Teijin Seiki Co Ltd | フランジ付き錐形ピンの成形方法および装置 |
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1999
- 1999-05-31 DE DE19924903A patent/DE19924903A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2000
- 2000-05-03 EP EP00810380A patent/EP1057553B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-05-03 ES ES00810380T patent/ES2231144T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-05-03 DE DE50008722T patent/DE50008722D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-05-05 US US09/566,259 patent/US6234913B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-05-25 KR KR1020000028242A patent/KR100642958B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2000-05-25 CN CNB001179101A patent/CN1207117C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-05-30 TW TW089110458A patent/TWI231241B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-05-30 JP JP2000159935A patent/JP4584412B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-05-30 HU HU0002044A patent/HU223854B1/hu not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN112566735A (zh) * | 2018-06-18 | 2021-03-26 | 格林电子技术有限公司 | 用于无毛刺地分割线材的方法和设备以及相应分割的线材件 |
CN112566735B (zh) * | 2018-06-18 | 2023-05-30 | 德国格林机床有限及两合公司 | 用于无毛刺地分割线材的方法和设备 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JP4584412B2 (ja) | 2010-11-24 |
HU0002044D0 (en) | 2000-08-28 |
KR20000077414A (ko) | 2000-12-26 |
KR100642958B1 (ko) | 2006-11-13 |
CN1207117C (zh) | 2005-06-22 |
EP1057553A2 (de) | 2000-12-06 |
TWI231241B (en) | 2005-04-21 |
EP1057553A3 (de) | 2003-01-22 |
HUP0002044A3 (en) | 2003-03-28 |
JP2001009551A (ja) | 2001-01-16 |
HUP0002044A2 (hu) | 2001-04-28 |
DE19924903A1 (de) | 2000-12-07 |
US6234913B1 (en) | 2001-05-22 |
ES2231144T3 (es) | 2005-05-16 |
HU223854B1 (hu) | 2005-02-28 |
DE50008722D1 (de) | 2004-12-30 |
EP1057553B1 (de) | 2004-11-24 |
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