CN105922576A - 3D printing method for fiber-grade reactive extrusion - Google Patents
3D printing method for fiber-grade reactive extrusion Download PDFInfo
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- CN105922576A CN105922576A CN201610250420.4A CN201610250420A CN105922576A CN 105922576 A CN105922576 A CN 105922576A CN 201610250420 A CN201610250420 A CN 201610250420A CN 105922576 A CN105922576 A CN 105922576A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
Abstract
The invention relates to a 3D printing method for fiber-grade reactive extrusion. A lactam monomer and/or lactone monomer and an assistant are fused and have a polymerization reaction under the catalyst effect, and target polymer is obtained; the target polymer is subject to fused deposition 3D printing, and then is subject to heat treatment, and a final product is obtained; and according to heat treatment, heat preservation is carried out for 3 min to 60 min at the temperature ranging from 100 DEG C to 180 DEG C. A high-precision high-adaptability 3D printer is adopted, the molding precision is high, the efficiency is high, and the mechanical property of the product is good; a technology for directly making the product from the polymeric monomer is adopted, the production flexibility is improved, meanwhile, the condition that due to crystallization and the large temperature difference of semi-crystalline polymer of nylon, polyester and the like, edge warping is caused, and even printing cannot be carried out is avoided, and the condition that due to high polymer degradation, the performance of the product is reduced is avoided; and the kind of the fused deposition 3D printing material is widened, the quality of the product is improved, and the method has the wide application to the fields of artware, machines, chemical engineering, instruments, automobiles and the like.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to 3D printing technique field, relate to the 3D Method of printing of a kind of fibre-grade reactive extrursion, particularly relate to one
From monomer directly to the 3D Method of printing of goods.
Background technology
3D printing technique is a kind of rapid shaping technique of the most popular rise, and this is a kind of greenization desktop quick shaping skill
The advantages such as art, has volume little, low cost, pollutes low, easy to use.Its ultimate principle is with macromolecular material as base material,
Use Deformation In The Fdm Process or fused glass pellet technology, complete object by successively printing type and to structure and formed, successively fold
Add and ultimately form product, can successively pile up under being accurately positioned and build various three-dimensional bodies.
Utilize the feature that 3D prints, can be controlled by software, and by the transformation of equipment, print and there is specific function
Material.Be currently used for 3D print polymeric material have acrylonitrile butadiene styrene terpolymer (ABS), polylactic acid (PLA),
Nylon (PA), Merlon (PC) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) etc., predominantly polymeric articles.At present, along with 3D printer skill
Art gradually develops, and product range is gradually widened, and the requirement of product is not only rested in bulk properties, to 3D by market
The functionalization of printed product requires the most day by day to increase.
Patent " has the 3D printed material of self-cleaning antibacterial function and preparation method and application ", and (CN104530668A) is open
A kind of method preparing functionalization 3D printed material: this 3D printed material comprises following component: polylactic acid or acrylonitrile-fourth
The high polymer 70-85 parts such as styrene terpolymer；The pigment powder 1-5 part such as titanium white, red, calcium carbonate superfine powder,
The inorganic filler 1-5 part such as superfine silicon dioxide and Pulvis Talci, nano antibacterial agent titanium dioxide 0.5-1.5 part, isoprene rubber, thermoplastic
Property polyester elastomer binding material 10-20 part.This invention is by by aforementioned component mix homogeneously；Again the material of mix homogeneously is put into
In single-screw extruder, extrusion, cooling and shaping, be dried, traction, coiling, obtain that there is self-cleaning antibacterial function
3D printed material.Patent " a kind of flame-proof composite material for 3D printing and preparation method thereof " (CN104479349A) carries
Supply a kind of flame-proof composite material printed for 3D, including the raw material of following weight portion: the nylon resin of 60-95 weight portion；
The lubricant of the ABS resin 0.3-2 weight portion of 5-40 weight portion；The compatilizer of 5-20 weight portion；The antioxidant of 0.2-1 weight portion；
The unformed red phosphorus of 5-30 weight portion, the 3D prepared by the method prints raw material and goods have certain fire resistance.
Patent " a kind of electric conductivity 3D prints plastics lines and production method thereof " (CN103788565A), this disclosure of the invention one is led
Electrically 3D prints plastics lines and production method thereof, includes following components according to mass fraction ratio: the ABS of 100 parts, 35-55
The conductive nano white carbon black of part, the titanate coupling agent of 0.5-3 part, this invention obtains 3D printing plastic wire and has electric conductivity.
From the prior art, for 3D print functional composite material and goods it has been reported that but still suffer from some problems,
Mainly there is the following aspects: in macromolecule raw material, the material being mainly polymerized in advance, it is impossible to the quickly body of controlled material
Performance；In 3D prints the course of processing, need polymer remelt, and owing to the melting tube of conventional 3D printing is shorter,
In order to ensure polymer melt, heating-up temperature need to bring up to above 20-50 DEG C of melting point polymer, this secondary processing process is to poly-
The performance of compound own impacts, and easily produces low molecule, bubble etc. easily occurs, affect the performance of product in print procedure,
Meanwhile, remelted process is also the waste to energy.For nylon and polyester material, its water absorption is relatively strong, chemically stable
Property relatively poor, material store inconvenience, be not suitable for industrialization, this all be limit 3D print nylon and polyester material development
Key factor.
Summary of the invention
For overcoming the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides the 3D Method of printing of a kind of fibre-grade reactive extrursion, is a kind of from list
Body directly arrives the 3D Method of printing of goods.The present invention uses the 3D printer with high-accuracy high-efficiency high-adaptability, with polymer
Monomer is raw material, adds a certain amount of function ingredients, obtains the 3D printing goods with specific function through 3D printer molding.
The method directly to goods from monomer, decreases in conventional 3D printing step and cools down remelted step, reduce cost, simultaneously
It also avoid the second melting process degraded impact on product quality, it also avoid the processing that material causes owing to water suction waits simultaneously
During degraded and hydraulic performance decline；From the direct goods of monomer, machine-shaping temperature can be reduced, it is to avoid due to excessive temperature differentials
The problem causing the change in size caused because of percent thermal shrinkage；And Modulatory character is strong, can require that regulation and control produce work according to product quality
Skill, it is achieved single line multi-item production, continuous production is good；Use the 3D printer with high-accuracy high-efficiency high-adaptability simultaneously, carry
High molding degree of freedom, manufacturing speed and profiled member precision.
The 3D Method of printing of a kind of fibre-grade reactive extrursion of the present invention, melts lactam monomers and/or internal ester monomer with auxiliary agent
After under catalyst action, carry out polyreaction, it is thus achieved that subject polymer；Then by described subject polymer through fusion sediment 3D
Print, successively pile up and form 3 D workpiece；Described 3 D workpiece after heat treatment obtains final products；
Described heat treatment refers to keep 3-60min at 100-180 DEG C.The product that 3D prints, polyreaction is the completeest
Become；The present invention use polymerization reaction system, at a certain temperature, polymer of the present invention under the effect of catalyst still
There is polymerization activity, polyreaction can be made to proceed by heat treatment a period of time at a certain temperature, thus obtain specific
The product of molecular weight, has the controllability producing properties of product.
As preferred technical scheme:
The 3D Method of printing of a kind of fibre-grade reactive extrursion as above, described lactam monomers is valerolactam, acyl in oneself
More than one in amine, oenantholcatam, spicy inner formyl amine, certain herbaceous plants with big flowers lactams, ten lactams, 11 lactams, lauric lactam；
Described internal ester monomer is valerolactone, caprolactone, heptalactone, caprylolactone, certain herbaceous plants with big flowers lactone, ten lactones, undecalactone, dodecalactone
In more than one；Described catalyst is more than one in sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, organo-metallic compound；Described have
Machine metallic compound is that the one in a kind of and sodium in methyl, ethyl, propyl group, butyl, phenyl, potassium, calcium, magnesium is combined shape
The stable compound become；Described auxiliary agent is in vinylcaprolactam, isocyanates, carbamate, carbonic ester or sulphonic acid ester
More than one.
The 3D Method of printing of a kind of fibre-grade reactive extrursion as above, the temperature of described polyreaction is 150-300 DEG C, urges
Agent addition is 0.01-1wt%, and additive dosage is 0.1-5wt%, and the number-average molecular weight of described subject polymer is
1000-20000。
The 3D Method of printing of a kind of fibre-grade reactive extrursion as above, described polyreaction completes in screw extruder,
By controlling extruder temperature, catalyst content, the number-average molecular weight of accuracy controlling polymer；Described screw extruder include screw rod,
Connect the extruder motor of screw rod, heating collar, temperature sensor and dosing pump；Described screw rod is single screw rod, twin screw, three screw rods
In one, draw ratio is 12-48, uniform pitch, and helical angle is 14-18 °, and spiral groove depth is 1.5-3.5mm, rough surface
Degree is Ra0.4-0.8；The extruder motor of described connection screw rod is fixedly mounted on the right side of screw rod, vertical support shaft fix；Described
Heating collar and temperature sensor are arranged on outside screw rod.
The 3D Method of printing of a kind of fibre-grade reactive extrursion as above, the step that described 3D prints includes:
(1) use CAD or CAM software design product figure on computers, then carry out at the AUTOMATIC ZONING section of model
Reason, obtains the panel data information of each processing aspect, and is converted into the coordinate G code of molding；
(2) described subject polymer is fed forward, and is controlled by dosing pump accurate quantification and put down to molding by nozzle system extrusion
Platform, shaped platform makees X-Y plane motion under computer system control；After the temperature of the polymer of extrusion is less than solidification temperature
Start curing molding, become the cross section of profiled member a layer thickness, terminates the deposition material of a layer and solidify rapidly and viscous with adjacent material
Forming type, shaped platform, at the height of Z axis Move Up One Layer, carries out the deposition of next layer, the most successively piles up and form three-dimensional
Workpiece.
The 3D Method of printing of a kind of fibre-grade reactive extrursion as above, the translational speed of described shaped platform is
10-10000mm/s；Described dosing pump melt flow is 0.1-3000L/h, and precision is ± 0.1%, so that it is guaranteed that in forming process
The accurate control of extrusion capacity, it is ensured that whole mechanism stability in work continuously, simultaneously works as the effect of supercharging, it is ensured that high viscous
The smooth extrusion molding of degree thermoplastic.
The 3D Method of printing of a kind of fibre-grade reactive extrursion as above, described 3D prints and uses 3 D-printing machine, bag
Include Screw Extrusion mechanism, three-dimensional motion mechanism, workbench mechanism and the computer set gradually to control and drive system, described
Screw Extrusion mechanism maintain static relative to work platforms and profiled member；Described workbench mechanism is arranged on three-dimensional motion machine
On structure；It is automatically controlling and driving for complete machine that described computer controls with drive system.
The 3D Method of printing of a kind of fibre-grade reactive extrursion as above, described three-dimensional motion mechanism by X-axis motion,
Y-axis motion and Z axis motion composition；Described X-axis motion includes X-axis motor and lead screw guide rails composition；Described
Y-axis motion includes y-axis motor and lead screw guide rails composition；Described Z axis motion includes Z axis motor and lead screw guide rails group
Become；Described X-axis is supported and fixed on Y-axis feed screw nut, and Y-axis is supported and fixed on shaping work platform frame, and Z axis erects
Directly it is fixed on pedestal.
The 3D Method of printing of a kind of fibre-grade reactive extrursion as above, described workbench mechanism by shaping work platform,
Shaping work platform frame and leveling nut composition；Described shaping work stage+module, on described X-axis motion, has
There is suitable coefficient of friction, it is possible to the most fixing ground floor printed material；Described shaping work platform frame and described Y
Shaft movement mechanism is connected, the most affixed with Z axis moving slide block, it is possible to do with Z axis and move along a straight line up and down；Described leveling nut energy
Enough regulate the height of molding work platforms, it is ensured that the perpendicularity requirement to shower nozzle discharging opening of the shaping work platform plane.
The 3D Method of printing of a kind of fibre-grade reactive extrursion as above, described Screw Extrusion mechanism is vertical or horizontal,
It includes material feed drum, screw extrusion apparatus and the nozzle system being connected with screw extrusion apparatus；Described material feed drum includes and screw rod
The material feed drum that extrusion device is connected, the rounded funnel-form of material feed drum, outside arranges drying heater；Described nozzle system is by carrying
Pipeline, nozzle, rotating disk, stop valve and chiller are constituted；Described nozzle is installed on conveyance conduit end, and nozzle number is at least
Including one, it is generally circular in shape, one or more in rectangle, triangle, rhombus, and nozzle comprises 1-1000 spray orifice,
Spray orifice is generally circular in shape, one or more in rectangle, triangle, rhombus, cross, in-line, Y shape, and spray orifice exports
A diameter of 10-500 μm, simultaneously nozzle chiller installed above, chiller is ring blowing or cross air blasting, and pathogenic wind-warm is
15-25 DEG C, wind speed is 0.01-0.1m/s；Described stop valve is installed on above the chiller of shower nozzle, for controlling the work of many shower nozzles
Make state.
Beneficial effect:
The present invention compared with prior art, has and the most obviously highlights substantive distinguishing features and remarkable advantage:
(1) present invention is by using screw rod and the combination of dosing pump, it is achieved in forming process, shower nozzle raw silk percentage of cocoon accurately controls and go out
The stability of silk, improves formed precision；Simultaneously by the pressurization of dosing pump, it is achieved molding high viscosity thermoplastic polymer,
Thus widen the range of choice of moulding material so that it is there is high-adaptability.
(2) present invention pressurization by dosing pump, can be effectively improved the material extruded velocity from nozzle, faster heap
Long-pending profiled member, thus improve shaping efficiency；Additionally, supercharging can use the nozzle that diameter is less, reduce the transversal of extruded material
Area, obtains more preferable formed precision, simultaneously because extrude being greatly increased of silk material specific surface area, its rate of cooling increases, and enters
And shaping speed can be improved further, and the raising of shaping speed, the degree of orientation of extrusion silk material can be greatly increased, thus carry
The mechanical property of high profiled member.
(3) present invention is by using many shower nozzles multiinjector, can the simultaneously multiple profiled member of molding, such that it is able to be effectively improved molding
Efficiency, meets the requirement of batch molding.
(4) owing to fusion sediment 3D prints, to add heat pipe shorter, in order to make polymer the most melted, it is necessary to melt temperature must be improved,
And the present invention from monomer directly to goods, decrease and conventional 3D printing step cool down remelted step, reduce cost；
Second melting process easily produces little molecule and causes degraded, and little molecule can form stress concentration point in product, greatly reduces
The mechanical property of product, and degrade and can reduce the molecular weight of polymer, molecular weight reduces the fall meaning the mechanical property of material own
Low, bring is the reduction of Mechanical Properties of Products, and the present invention then eliminates second melting process, thus with avoiding second melting
The little molecule of process generation and the impact on product quality of other degradation processes.
(5) present invention is from monomer directly to goods, decreases in conventional 3D printing step and cools down remelted step, it is to avoid
Remelted process of cutting into slices can reduce machine-shaping temperature, it also avoid what printed material caused due to water suction etc. during storing
The degraded declining and causing of quality of materials；The present invention can pass through accuracy controlling polymerization temperature, and when regulation and control print, polymer divides
Son amount, then obtain finished product by post processing, so can reduce print temperature, it is to avoid cause because of thermal contraction due to excessive temperature differentials
Rate and the problem of change in size that causes；The present invention is also by regulation and control aftertreatment technology, it is thus achieved that the goods of different performance, simultaneously
Also act as elimination thermal history, thermal finalization, improve the effect of part performance further.
(6) conventional melt deposition 3D prints, and usual a kind of raw material can only print the product of a kind of performance, and the present invention is straight from monomer
Receive goods, different product can be obtained by regulation polymerization technique and formula, substantially increase the motility of production, reduce
Properties of product dependencies to raw material.
(7), compared with printing with conventional melt deposition 3D, the diameter of spray orifice of the present invention outlet can be as small as 10 μm,
Reaching fibre-grade standard, this design can be greatly improved the precision that 3D prints, and makes 3D print finer and smoother, improves 3D and prints
The quality of goods and fineness, also improve the scope of application that 3D prints simultaneously.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with detailed description of the invention, the present invention is expanded on further.Should be understood that these embodiments be merely to illustrate the present invention and
It is not used in restriction the scope of the present invention.In addition, it is to be understood that after having read the content that the present invention lectures, those skilled in the art
Can make various changes or modifications the present invention, these equivalent form of values fall within the model that the application appended claims is limited equally
Enclose.
Embodiment 1
The 3D Method of printing of a kind of fibre-grade reactive extrursion, by lactam monomers valerolactam and internal ester monomer valerolactone and interpolation
Amount is the auxiliary agent vinylcaprolactam of 0.1wt%；After Rong Rong under the catalyst sodium hydroxide effect that addition is 0.01wt%
Temperature is to carry out polyreaction at 150 DEG C, it is thus achieved that number-average molecular weight is the subject polymer of 1000, and polyreaction is at Screw Extrusion
Completing in machine, screw extruder includes screw rod, connects the extruder motor of screw rod, heating collar, temperature sensor and dosing pump；Spiral shell
Bar is single screw rod, and draw ratio is 12, uniform pitch, and helical angle is 14 °, and spiral groove depth is 1.5mm, and surface roughness is Ra0.4；
The extruder motor connecting screw rod is fixedly mounted on the right side of screw rod, vertical support shaft fix；Heating collar and temperature sensor are installed
Outside screw rod；Then subject polymer is printed through fusion sediment 3D, successively pile up and form 3 D workpiece；3 D workpiece exists
100 DEG C keep acquisition final products after 3min, and 3D prints and uses 3 D-printing machine, including the screw extruder set gradually
Structure, three-dimensional motion mechanism, workbench mechanism and computer control and drive system, and Screw Extrusion mechanism is relative to work platforms
Maintain static with profiled member；Workbench mechanism is arranged on three-dimensional motion mechanism；It is for whole that computer controls with drive system
The automatically controlling and driving of machine；Three-dimensional motion mechanism is made up of X-axis motion, Y-axis motion and Z axis motion；
X-axis motion includes X-axis motor and lead screw guide rails composition；Y-axis motion includes y-axis motor and lead screw guide rails composition；
Z axis motion includes Z axis motor and lead screw guide rails composition；X-axis is supported and fixed on Y-axis feed screw nut, and Y-axis supports solid
Being scheduled on shaping work platform frame, Z axis is vertically fixed on pedestal；Workbench mechanism is by shaping work platform, molding
Work platforms bracing frame and leveling nut composition；Shaping work stage+module is on X-axis motion, and having suitably rubs is
Number, it is possible to the most fixing ground floor printed material；Shaping work platform frame is connected with described Y-axis motion, with
Time affixed with Z axis moving slide block, it is possible to do with Z axis and move along a straight line up and down；Leveling nut can regulate the height of molding work platforms
Degree, it is ensured that the shaping work platform plane perpendicularity requirement to shower nozzle discharging opening；Screw Extrusion mechanism is vertical, and it includes feed
Cylinder, screw extrusion apparatus and the nozzle system being connected with screw extrusion apparatus；Material feed drum includes the confession being connected with screw extrusion apparatus
Barrel, the rounded funnel-form of material feed drum, outside arranges drying heater；Nozzle system by conveyance conduit, nozzle, rotating disk, cut
Only valve and chiller are constituted；Nozzle is installed on conveyance conduit end, nozzle number one, and it is generally circular in shape, and nozzle wraps
Containing 1 spray orifice, spray orifice is generally circular in shape, and spray orifice outlet diameter is 10 μm, simultaneously nozzle chiller installed above, cooling
Device is ring blowing, and pathogenic wind-warm is 15 DEG C, and wind speed is 0.01m/s；Stop valve is installed on above the chiller of shower nozzle；
The step that concrete 3D prints includes:
(1) use CAD software deisgn product figure on computers, then carry out the AUTOMATIC ZONING slicing treatment of model, obtain
The panel data information of each processing aspect, and it is converted into the coordinate G code of molding；
(2) subject polymer is fed forward, and is controlled by dosing pump accurate quantification and extruded to shaped platform by nozzle system,
Shaped platform makees X-Y plane motion under computer system control, and the translational speed of shaped platform is 10mm/s, dosing pump melt
Flow is 0.1L/h, and precision is 0.1%；After the temperature of the polymer of extrusion is less than solidification temperature, starts curing molding, becomes into
The cross section of type part a layer thickness, terminate the deposition material of a layer solidify rapidly and with adjacent material molding bonded, shaped platform is at Z
The height of axle Move Up One Layer, carries out the deposition of next layer, the most successively piles up and form 3 D workpiece.
Embodiment 2
The 3D Method of printing of a kind of fibre-grade reactive extrursion, by lactam monomers caprolactam and internal ester monomer caprolactone and interpolation
Amount is the auxiliary agent isocyanates of 5wt%；It it is 300 DEG C in temperature under the catalyst potassium hydroxide effect that addition is 1wt% after Rong Rong
Under carry out polyreaction, it is thus achieved that number-average molecular weight is the subject polymer of 20000, and polyreaction completes in screw extruder,
Screw extruder includes screw rod, connects the extruder motor of screw rod, heating collar, temperature sensor and dosing pump；Screw rod is twin screw,
Draw ratio is 48, uniform pitch, and helical angle is 18 °, and spiral groove depth is 3.5mm, and surface roughness is Ra0.8；Connect screw rod
Extruder motor be fixedly mounted on the right side of screw rod, vertical support shaft fix；Heating collar and temperature sensor are arranged on outside screw rod
Face；Then subject polymer is printed through fusion sediment 3D, successively pile up and form 3 D workpiece；3 D workpiece is 180 DEG C of holdings
Obtaining final products after 60min, 3D prints and uses 3 D-printing machine, including the Screw Extrusion mechanism set gradually, three-dimensional
Motion, workbench mechanism and computer control and drive system, and Screw Extrusion mechanism is relative to work platforms and profiled member
Maintain static；Workbench mechanism is arranged on three-dimensional motion mechanism；Computer controls and drive system is automatic for complete machine
Control and drive；Three-dimensional motion mechanism is made up of X-axis motion, Y-axis motion and Z axis motion；X-axis is moved
Mechanism includes X-axis motor and lead screw guide rails composition；Y-axis motion includes y-axis motor and lead screw guide rails composition；Z axis moves
Mechanism includes Z axis motor and lead screw guide rails composition；X-axis is supported and fixed on Y-axis feed screw nut, and Y-axis is supported and fixed on molding
On work platforms bracing frame, Z axis is vertically fixed on pedestal；Workbench mechanism is by shaping work platform, shaping work platform
Bracing frame and leveling nut composition；Shaping work stage+module, on X-axis motion, has suitable coefficient of friction, it is possible to
The most fixing ground floor printed material；Shaping work platform frame is connected with Y-axis motion, simultaneously sliding with Z axis motion
Block is affixed, it is possible to do moving along a straight line up and down with Z axis；Leveling nut can regulate the height of molding work platforms, it is ensured that molding work
Make the platform plane perpendicularity requirement to shower nozzle discharging opening；Screw Extrusion mechanism is horizontal, and it includes that material feed drum, Screw Extrusion fill
The nozzle system put and be connected with screw extrusion apparatus；Material feed drum includes the material feed drum being connected with screw extrusion apparatus, material feed drum in
Circular funnel-form, outside arranges drying heater；Nozzle system is by conveyance conduit, nozzle, rotating disk, stop valve and chiller
Constitute；Nozzle is installed on conveyance conduit end, and nozzle number includes 2, and it is shaped as rectangle, and nozzle comprises 1000 sprays
Hole, spray orifice is shaped as rectangle, and spray orifice outlet diameter is 500 μm, simultaneously nozzle chiller installed above, and chiller is side
Blowing, pathogenic wind-warm is 25 DEG C, and wind speed is 0.1m/s；Stop valve is installed on above the chiller of shower nozzle；
The step that concrete 3D prints includes:
(1) use CAM software design product figure on computers, then carry out the AUTOMATIC ZONING slicing treatment of model,
Obtain the panel data information of each processing aspect, and be converted into the coordinate G code of molding；
(2) subject polymer is fed forward, and is controlled by dosing pump accurate quantification and put down to molding by nozzle system extrusion
Platform, shaped platform make under computer system control X-Y plane motion, the translational speed of shaped platform is 10000mm/s,
Dosing pump melt flow is 3000L/h, and precision is-0.1%；Start solid after the temperature of the polymer of extrusion is less than solidification temperature
Chemical conversion type, becomes the cross section of profiled member a layer thickness, and the deposition material terminating a layer solidifies rapidly and is bonded to adjacent material
Type, shaped platform, at the height of Z axis Move Up One Layer, carries out the deposition of next layer, the most successively piles up and form three-dimensional work
Part.
Embodiment 3
The 3D Method of printing of a kind of fibre-grade reactive extrursion, by lactam monomers oenantholcatam and internal ester monomer heptalactone and addition
Auxiliary agent carbamate for 0.5wt%；After Rong Rong the catalyst methyl that addition is 0.08wt% be combined with sodium formed steady
Determine to carry out at temperature is 250 DEG C under compound effects polyreaction, it is thus achieved that number-average molecular weight is the subject polymer of 10000,
Polyreaction completes in screw extruder, and screw extruder includes screw rod, connects the extruder motor of screw rod, heating collar, temperature
Sensor and dosing pump；Screw rod is three screw rods, and draw ratio is 45, uniform pitch, and helical angle is 16 °, and spiral groove depth is 1.8mm,
Surface roughness is Ra0.6；The extruder motor connecting screw rod is fixedly mounted on the right side of screw rod, vertical support shaft fix；Heating
Circle and temperature sensor are arranged on outside screw rod；Then subject polymer is printed through fusion sediment 3D, successively pile up formation three
Dimension workpiece；3 D workpiece obtains final products after keeping 10min at 120 DEG C, and 3D prints and uses 3 D-printing machine, including
The Screw Extrusion mechanism, three-dimensional motion mechanism, workbench mechanism and the computer that set gradually control and drive system, and screw rod squeezes
Go out mechanism to maintain static relative to work platforms and profiled member；Workbench mechanism is arranged on three-dimensional motion mechanism；Computer control
System is automatically controlling and driving for complete machine with drive system；Three-dimensional motion mechanism is by X-axis motion, Y-axis motion
Form with Z axis motion；X-axis motion includes X-axis motor and lead screw guide rails composition；Y-axis motion includes Y-axis
Motor and lead screw guide rails composition；Z axis motion includes Z axis motor and lead screw guide rails composition；X-axis is supported and fixed on Y-axis silk
On thick stick nut, Y-axis is supported and fixed on shaping work platform frame, and Z axis is vertically fixed on pedestal；Workbench mechanism
It is made up of shaping work platform, shaping work platform frame and leveling nut；Shaping work stage+module is at X-axis motion
On, there is suitable coefficient of friction, it is possible to the most fixing ground floor printed material；Shaping work platform frame is transported with Y-axis
Motivation structure is connected, the most affixed with Z axis moving slide block, it is possible to do with Z axis and move along a straight line up and down；Leveling nut can be adjusted to
The height of type work platforms, it is ensured that the shaping work platform plane perpendicularity requirement to shower nozzle discharging opening；Screw Extrusion mechanism is vertical
Formula, it includes material feed drum, screw extrusion apparatus and the nozzle system being connected with screw extrusion apparatus；Material feed drum includes squeezing with screw rod
Going out the material feed drum that device is connected, the rounded funnel-form of material feed drum, outside arranges drying heater；Nozzle system by conveyance conduit,
Nozzle, rotating disk, stop valve and chiller are constituted；Nozzle is installed on conveyance conduit end, and nozzle number includes 3, its shape
Shape is triangle, and nozzle comprises 800 spray orifices, and spray orifice is shaped as triangle, and spray orifice outlet diameter is 100 μm, sprays simultaneously
Mouth chiller installed above, chiller is ring blowing, and pathogenic wind-warm is 20 DEG C, and wind speed is 0.05m/s；Stop valve is installed on spray
Above the chiller of head；
The step that concrete 3D prints includes:
(1) use CAD software deisgn product figure on computers, then carry out the AUTOMATIC ZONING slicing treatment of model,
To the panel data information of each processing aspect, and it is converted into the coordinate G code of molding；
(2) described subject polymer is fed forward, and is controlled by dosing pump accurate quantification and by nozzle system extrusion to becoming
Type platform, shaped platform make under computer system control X-Y plane motion, the translational speed of shaped platform is 100mm/s,
Dosing pump melt flow is 1000L/h, and precision is 0.1%；Start solid after the temperature of the polymer of extrusion is less than solidification temperature
Chemical conversion type, becomes the cross section of profiled member a layer thickness, and the deposition material terminating a layer solidifies rapidly and is bonded to adjacent material
Type, shaped platform, at the height of Z axis Move Up One Layer, carries out the deposition of next layer, the most successively piles up and form three-dimensional work
Part.
Embodiment 4
The 3D Method of printing of a kind of fibre-grade reactive extrursion, by lactam monomers spicy inner formyl amine and internal ester monomer caprylolactone and interpolation
Amount is the auxiliary agent carbonic ester of 2wt%；Be combined the stable compound effect formed with potassium at the ethyl that addition is 0.07wt% after Rong Rong
Under at temperature is 200 DEG C, carry out polyreaction, it is thus achieved that number-average molecular weight is the subject polymer of 1000, and polyreaction is at screw rod
Completing in extruder, screw extruder includes screw rod, connects the extruder motor of screw rod, heating collar, temperature sensor and dosing pump；
Screw rod is single screw rod, and draw ratio is 15, uniform pitch, and helical angle is 16 °, and spiral groove depth is 1.8mm, and surface roughness is
Ra0.6；The extruder motor connecting screw rod is fixedly mounted on the right side of screw rod, vertical support shaft fix；Heating collar and temperature sensing
Device is arranged on outside screw rod；Then subject polymer is printed through fusion sediment 3D, successively pile up and form 3 D workpiece；Three-dimensional
Workpiece obtains final products after keeping 60min at 100 DEG C, and 3D prints and uses 3 D-printing machine, including the spiral shell set gradually
Bar extrusion mechanism, three-dimensional motion mechanism, workbench mechanism and computer control and drive system, Screw Extrusion mechanism relative to
Work platforms and profiled member maintain static；Workbench mechanism is arranged on three-dimensional motion mechanism；Computer controls and drive system
It is automatically controlling and driving for complete machine；Three-dimensional motion mechanism is by X-axis motion, Y-axis motion and Z axis fitness machine
Structure forms；X-axis motion includes X-axis motor and lead screw guide rails composition；Y-axis motion includes that y-axis motor and leading screw are led
Rail forms；Z axis motion includes Z axis motor and lead screw guide rails composition；X-axis is supported and fixed on Y-axis feed screw nut, Y
Axle is supported and fixed on shaping work platform frame, and Z axis is vertically fixed on pedestal；Workbench mechanism is put down by shaping work
Platform, shaping work platform frame and leveling nut composition；Shaping work stage+module is on X-axis motion, and it is suitable to have
Coefficient of friction, it is possible to well fixing ground floor printed material；Shaping work platform frame and described Y-axis motion
It is connected, the most affixed with Z axis moving slide block, it is possible to do with Z axis and move along a straight line up and down；Leveling nut can regulate shaping work
The height of platform, it is ensured that the shaping work platform plane perpendicularity requirement to shower nozzle discharging opening；Screw Extrusion mechanism is horizontal, its
Including material feed drum, screw extrusion apparatus and the nozzle system being connected with screw extrusion apparatus；Material feed drum includes and screw extrusion apparatus
The material feed drum being connected, the rounded funnel-form of material feed drum, outside arranges drying heater；Nozzle system by conveyance conduit, nozzle,
Rotating disk, stop valve and chiller are constituted；Nozzle is installed on conveyance conduit end, and nozzle number includes one, and it is shaped as Pedicellus et Pericarpium Trapae
Shape, nozzle comprises 500 spray orifices, and spray orifice is shaped as rhombus, and spray orifice outlet diameter is 50 μm, and nozzle is installed above simultaneously
Chiller, chiller is ring blowing, and pathogenic wind-warm is 19 DEG C, and wind speed is 0.02m/s；Stop valve is installed on the cooling dress of shower nozzle
Put top；
The step that concrete 3D prints includes:
(1) use CAD software deisgn product figure on computers, then carry out the AUTOMATIC ZONING slicing treatment of model,
To the panel data information of each processing aspect, and it is converted into the coordinate G code of molding；
(2) described subject polymer is fed forward, and is controlled by dosing pump accurate quantification and by nozzle system extrusion to becoming
Type platform, shaped platform make under computer system control X-Y plane motion, the translational speed of shaped platform is
6000mm/s, dosing pump melt flow is 1500L/h, and precision is-0.1%；When the temperature of the polymer of extrusion is less than solidification
Start curing molding after temperature, become the cross section of profiled member a layer thickness, terminate the deposition material of a layer solidify rapidly and with week
Enclosing material molding bonded, shaped platform, at the height of Z axis Move Up One Layer, carries out the deposition of next layer, the most successively heap
Long-pending formation 3 D workpiece.
Embodiment 5
The 3D Method of printing of a kind of fibre-grade reactive extrursion, by lactam monomers certain herbaceous plants with big flowers lactams and internal ester monomer certain herbaceous plants with big flowers lactone and interpolation
Amount is the auxiliary agent sulphonic acid ester of 3.5wt%；Be combined, with calcium, the stable compound formed at the propyl group that addition is 0.3wt% after Rong Rong to make
At temperature is 160 DEG C, polyreaction is carried out, it is thus achieved that number-average molecular weight is the subject polymer of 1000, and polyreaction is at spiral shell under with
Completing in bar extruder, screw extruder includes screw rod, connects the extruder motor of screw rod, heating collar, temperature sensor and metering
Pump；Screw rod is single screw rod, and draw ratio is 32, uniform pitch, and helical angle is 16 °, and spiral groove depth is 1.5mm, surface roughness
For Ra0.8；The extruder motor connecting screw rod is fixedly mounted on the right side of screw rod, vertical support shaft fix；Heating collar and temperature pass
Sensor is arranged on outside screw rod；Then subject polymer is printed through fusion sediment 3D, successively pile up and form 3 D workpiece；Three
Dimension workpiece obtains final products after keeping 12min at 110 DEG C, and 3D prints and uses 3 D-printing machine, including set gradually
Screw Extrusion mechanism, three-dimensional motion mechanism, workbench mechanism and computer control and drive system, and Screw Extrusion mechanism is relative
Maintain static in work platforms and profiled member；Workbench mechanism is arranged on three-dimensional motion mechanism；Computer controls and drivetrain
System is automatically controlling and driving for complete machine；Three-dimensional motion mechanism is moved by X-axis motion, Y-axis motion and Z axis
Mechanism forms；X-axis motion includes X-axis motor and lead screw guide rails composition；Y-axis motion includes y-axis motor and leading screw
Guide rail forms；Z axis motion includes Z axis motor and lead screw guide rails composition；X-axis is supported and fixed on Y-axis feed screw nut,
Y-axis is supported and fixed on shaping work platform frame, and Z axis is vertically fixed on pedestal；Workbench mechanism is by shaping work
Platform, shaping work platform frame and leveling nut composition；Shaping work stage+module, on X-axis motion, has conjunction
Suitable coefficient of friction, it is possible to the most fixing ground floor printed material；Shaping work platform frame is connected with Y-axis motion,
The most affixed with Z axis moving slide block, it is possible to do with Z axis and move along a straight line up and down；Leveling nut can regulate molding work platforms
Highly, it is ensured that the perpendicularity requirement to shower nozzle discharging opening of the shaping work platform plane；Screw Extrusion mechanism is vertical, and it includes supplying
Barrel, screw extrusion apparatus and the nozzle system being connected with screw extrusion apparatus；Material feed drum includes being connected with screw extrusion apparatus
Material feed drum, the rounded funnel-form of material feed drum, outside arranges drying heater；Nozzle system by conveyance conduit, nozzle, rotating disk,
Stop valve and chiller are constituted；Nozzle is installed on conveyance conduit end, and nozzle number includes 10, and it is shaped as rhombus, spray
Comprising 600 spray orifices on mouth, spray orifice is shaped as cross, and spray orifice outlet diameter is 80 μm, simultaneously nozzle cooling installed above
Device, chiller is cross air blasting, and pathogenic wind-warm is 22 DEG C, and wind speed is 0.09m/s；Stop valve is installed on the chiller of shower nozzle
Side；
The step that concrete 3D prints includes:
(1) use CAD or CAM software design product figure on computers, then carry out the AUTOMATIC ZONING section of model
Process, obtain the panel data information of each processing aspect, and be converted into the coordinate G code of molding；
(2) subject polymer is fed forward, and is controlled by dosing pump accurate quantification and put down to molding by nozzle system extrusion
Platform, shaped platform make under computer system control X-Y plane motion, the translational speed of shaped platform is 6000mm/s,
Dosing pump melt flow is 100L/h, and precision is 0.1%；Start solid after the temperature of the polymer of extrusion is less than solidification temperature
Chemical conversion type, becomes the cross section of profiled member a layer thickness, and the deposition material terminating a layer solidifies rapidly and is bonded to adjacent material
Type, shaped platform, at the height of Z axis Move Up One Layer, carries out the deposition of next layer, the most successively piles up and form three-dimensional work
Part.
Embodiment 6
A kind of 3D Method of printing of fibre-grade reactive extrursion, by lactam monomers ten lactams and internal ester monomer ten lactone with addition be
The auxiliary agent vinylcaprolactam of 4wt%；Be combined, at the catalyst butyl that addition is 0.2wt%, stablizing of being formed with magnesium after Rong Rong
At temperature is 160 DEG C, polyreaction is carried out, it is thus achieved that number-average molecular weight is the subject polymer of 1200, polymerization under compound effects
Reaction completes in screw extruder, and screw extruder includes screw rod, connects the extruder motor of screw rod, heating collar, temperature sensing
Device and dosing pump；Screw rod is single screw rod, and draw ratio is 30, uniform pitch, and helical angle is 14 °, and spiral groove depth is 1.8mm, table
Surface roughness is Ra0.5；The extruder motor connecting screw rod is fixedly mounted on the right side of screw rod, vertical support shaft fix；Heating collar
It is arranged on outside screw rod with temperature sensor；Then subject polymer is printed through fusion sediment 3D, successively pile up and form three-dimensional
Workpiece；3 D workpiece obtains final products after keeping 30min at 130 DEG C, and 3D prints and uses 3 D-printing machine, including depending on
The Screw Extrusion mechanism of secondary setting, three-dimensional motion mechanism, workbench mechanism and computer control and drive system, Screw Extrusion
Mechanism maintains static relative to work platforms and profiled member；Workbench mechanism is arranged on three-dimensional motion mechanism；Computer controls
It is automatically controlling and driving for complete machine with drive system；Three-dimensional motion mechanism by X-axis motion, Y-axis motion and
Z axis motion forms；X-axis motion includes X-axis motor and lead screw guide rails composition；Y-axis motion includes Y-axis electricity
Machine and lead screw guide rails composition；Z axis motion includes Z axis motor and lead screw guide rails composition；X-axis is supported and fixed on Y-axis leading screw
On nut, Y-axis is supported and fixed on shaping work platform frame, and Z axis is vertically fixed on pedestal；Workbench mechanism by
Shaping work platform, shaping work platform frame and leveling nut composition；Shaping work stage+module on X-axis motion,
There is suitable coefficient of friction, it is possible to the most fixing ground floor printed material；Shaping work platform frame and Y-axis fitness machine
Structure is connected, the most affixed with Z axis moving slide block, it is possible to do with Z axis and move along a straight line up and down；Leveling nut can regulate molding work
Make the height of platform, it is ensured that the perpendicularity requirement to shower nozzle discharging opening of the shaping work platform plane；Screw Extrusion mechanism is horizontal,
It includes material feed drum, screw extrusion apparatus and the nozzle system being connected with screw extrusion apparatus；Material feed drum includes filling with Screw Extrusion
Putting connected material feed drum, the rounded funnel-form of material feed drum, outside arranges drying heater；Nozzle system by conveyance conduit, nozzle,
Rotating disk, stop valve and chiller are constituted；Nozzle is installed on conveyance conduit end, and nozzle number includes 8, and it is shaped as circle
Shape, rectangle, nozzle comprises 650 spray orifices, and spray orifice is generally circular in shape, rectangle, and spray orifice outlet diameter is 35 μm, simultaneously
Nozzle chiller installed above, chiller is cross air blasting, and pathogenic wind-warm is 15 DEG C, and wind speed is 0.1m/s；Stop valve is installed on spray
Above the chiller of head；
The step that concrete 3D prints includes:
(1) use CAM software design product figure on computers, then carry out the AUTOMATIC ZONING slicing treatment of model,
Obtain the panel data information of each processing aspect, and be converted into the coordinate G code of molding；
(2) described subject polymer is fed forward, and is controlled by dosing pump accurate quantification and by nozzle system extrusion to becoming
Type platform, shaped platform make under computer system control X-Y plane motion, the translational speed of shaped platform is 30mm/s,
Dosing pump melt flow is 120L/h, and precision is-0.1%；Start solid after the temperature of the polymer of extrusion is less than solidification temperature
Chemical conversion type, becomes the cross section of profiled member a layer thickness, and the deposition material terminating a layer solidifies rapidly and is bonded to adjacent material
Type, shaped platform, at the height of Z axis Move Up One Layer, carries out the deposition of next layer, the most successively piles up and form three-dimensional work
Part.
Embodiment 7
A kind of 3D Method of printing of fibre-grade reactive extrursion, by lactam monomers 11 lactams and internal ester monomer undecalactone with
Addition is the auxiliary agent vinylcaprolactam of 0.1wt% and the mass ratio of isocyanates, vinylcaprolactam and isocyanates is
1:1；Being combined with sodium at the catalyst phenyl that addition is 1wt% after Rong Rong under the stable compound effect formed in temperature is 300 DEG C
Under carry out polyreaction, it is thus achieved that number-average molecular weight is the subject polymer of 1000, and polyreaction completes in screw extruder, spiral shell
Bar extruder includes screw rod, connects the extruder motor of screw rod, heating collar, temperature sensor and dosing pump；Screw rod is three screw rods,
Draw ratio is 48, uniform pitch, and helical angle is 18 °, and spiral groove depth is 1.5mm, and surface roughness is Ra0.8；Connect screw rod
Extruder motor be fixedly mounted on the right side of screw rod, vertical support shaft fix；Heating collar and temperature sensor are arranged on outside screw rod
Face；Then subject polymer is printed through fusion sediment 3D, successively pile up and form 3 D workpiece；3 D workpiece is 160 DEG C of holdings
Obtaining final products after 40min, 3D prints and uses 3 D-printing machine, including the Screw Extrusion mechanism set gradually, three-dimensional
Motion, workbench mechanism and computer control and drive system, and Screw Extrusion mechanism is relative to work platforms and profiled member
Maintain static；Workbench mechanism is arranged on three-dimensional motion mechanism；Computer controls and drive system is automatic for complete machine
Control and drive；Three-dimensional motion mechanism is made up of X-axis motion, Y-axis motion and Z axis motion；X-axis is moved
Mechanism includes X-axis motor and lead screw guide rails composition；Y-axis motion includes y-axis motor and lead screw guide rails composition；Z axis moves
Mechanism includes Z axis motor and lead screw guide rails composition；X-axis is supported and fixed on Y-axis feed screw nut, and Y-axis is supported and fixed on molding
On work platforms bracing frame, Z axis is vertically fixed on pedestal；Workbench mechanism is by shaping work platform, shaping work platform
Bracing frame and leveling nut composition；Shaping work stage+module, on X-axis motion, has suitable coefficient of friction, it is possible to
The most fixing ground floor printed material；Shaping work platform frame and described Y-axis motion are connected, simultaneously and Z axis
Moving slide block is affixed, it is possible to do moving along a straight line up and down with Z axis；Leveling nut can regulate the height of molding work platforms, it is ensured that
The perpendicularity requirement to shower nozzle discharging opening of the shaping work platform plane；Screw Extrusion mechanism is vertical or horizontal, and it includes feed
Cylinder, screw extrusion apparatus and the nozzle system being connected with screw extrusion apparatus；Material feed drum includes the confession being connected with screw extrusion apparatus
Barrel, the rounded funnel-form of material feed drum, outside arranges drying heater；Nozzle system by conveyance conduit, nozzle, rotating disk, cut
Only valve and chiller are constituted；Nozzle is installed on conveyance conduit end, and nozzle number includes 10, and it is shaped as triangle, Pedicellus et Pericarpium Trapae
Shape, nozzle comprises 800 spray orifices, and spray orifice is shaped as cross, in-line, and spray orifice outlet diameter is 25 μm, sprays simultaneously
Mouth chiller installed above, chiller is ring blowing or cross air blasting, and pathogenic wind-warm is 25 DEG C, and wind speed is 0.1m/s；Stop valve is pacified
It is loaded on above the chiller of shower nozzle；
The step that concrete 3D prints includes:
(1) use CAD software deisgn product figure on computers, then carry out the AUTOMATIC ZONING slicing treatment of model,
To the panel data information of each processing aspect, and it is converted into the coordinate G code of molding；
(2) described subject polymer is fed forward, and is controlled by dosing pump accurate quantification and by nozzle system extrusion to becoming
Type platform, shaped platform make under computer system control X-Y plane motion, the translational speed of shaped platform is 10mm/s,
Dosing pump melt flow is 0.1L/h, and precision is 0.1%；Start solid after the temperature of the polymer of extrusion is less than solidification temperature
Chemical conversion type, becomes the cross section of profiled member a layer thickness, and the deposition material terminating a layer solidifies rapidly and is bonded to adjacent material
Type, shaped platform, at the height of Z axis Move Up One Layer, carries out the deposition of next layer, the most successively piles up and form three-dimensional work
Part.
Embodiment 8
A kind of 3D Method of printing of fibre-grade reactive extrursion, by lactam monomers lauric lactam and internal ester monomer dodecalactone with
Addition is auxiliary agent carbamate and the mixture of carbonic ester of 5wt%, and wherein the mass ratio of carbamate and carbonic ester is
1:2；At mixture (wherein sodium hydroxide and the hydrogen-oxygen of the catalyst sodium hydroxide that addition is 0.9wt% and potassium hydroxide after Rong Rong
Change potassium mass ratio be 2:1) effect under at temperature is 160 DEG C, carry out polyreaction, it is thus achieved that number-average molecular weight is the mesh of 10000
Mark polymer, polyreaction completes in screw extruder, and screw extruder includes screw rod, the extruder motor connecting screw rod, adds
Gas ket, temperature sensor and dosing pump；Screw rod is single screw rod, and draw ratio is 30, uniform pitch, and helical angle is 14 °, and screw channel is deep
Degree is 3.5mm, and surface roughness is Ra0.4；The extruder motor connecting screw rod is fixedly mounted on the right side of screw rod, by vertically propping up
Support axle is fixed；Heating collar and temperature sensor are arranged on outside screw rod；Then subject polymer is printed through fusion sediment 3D,
Successively pile up and form 3 D workpiece；3 D workpiece obtains final products after keeping 10min at 150 DEG C, and 3D prints and uses three-dimensional to beat
Print machine, controls including the Screw Extrusion mechanism set gradually, three-dimensional motion mechanism, workbench mechanism and computer and drives
Dynamic system, Screw Extrusion mechanism maintains static relative to work platforms and profiled member；Workbench mechanism is arranged on three-dimensional motion machine
On structure；It is automatically controlling and driving for complete machine that computer controls with drive system；Three-dimensional motion mechanism by X-axis motion,
Y-axis motion and Z axis motion composition；X-axis motion includes X-axis motor and lead screw guide rails composition；Y-axis is moved
Mechanism includes y-axis motor and lead screw guide rails composition；Z axis motion includes Z axis motor and lead screw guide rails composition；X-axis supports
Being fixed on Y-axis feed screw nut, Y-axis is supported and fixed on shaping work platform frame, and Z axis is vertically fixed on pedestal；
Workbench mechanism is made up of shaping work platform, shaping work platform frame and leveling nut；Shaping work stage+module exists
On X-axis motion, there is suitable coefficient of friction, it is possible to the most fixing ground floor printed material；Shaping work platform props up
Support is connected with described Y-axis motion, the most affixed with Z axis moving slide block, it is possible to do with Z axis and move along a straight line up and down；
Leveling nut can regulate the height of molding work platforms, it is ensured that the perpendicularity requirement to shower nozzle discharging opening of the shaping work platform plane；
Screw Extrusion mechanism is vertical or horizontal, and it includes material feed drum, screw extrusion apparatus and the shower nozzle being connected with screw extrusion apparatus
System；Material feed drum includes the material feed drum being connected with screw extrusion apparatus, and the rounded funnel-form of material feed drum, outside arranges dry heat
Device；Nozzle system is made up of conveyance conduit, nozzle, rotating disk, stop valve and chiller；Nozzle is installed on conveyance conduit end,
Nozzle number includes 6, and it is shaped as rhombus, and nozzle comprises 600 spray orifices, and spray orifice is shaped as Y shape, and spray orifice outlet is straight
Footpath is 300 μm, simultaneously nozzle chiller installed above, and chiller is ring blowing, and pathogenic wind-warm is 15 DEG C, and wind speed is 0.1m/s；
Stop valve is installed on above the chiller of shower nozzle；
The step that concrete 3D prints includes:
(1) use CAM software design product figure on computers, then carry out the AUTOMATIC ZONING slicing treatment of model,
Obtain the panel data information of each processing aspect, and be converted into the coordinate G code of molding；
(2) described subject polymer is fed forward, and is controlled by dosing pump accurate quantification and by nozzle system extrusion to becoming
Type platform, shaped platform make under computer system control X-Y plane motion, the translational speed of shaped platform is
10000mm/s, dosing pump melt flow is 0.1L/h, and precision is-0.1%；When the temperature of the polymer of extrusion is warm less than solidification
Start curing molding after degree, become the cross section of profiled member a layer thickness, terminate the deposition material of a layer solidify rapidly and with surrounding
Material molding bonded, shaped platform, at the height of Z axis Move Up One Layer, carries out the deposition of next layer, the most successively piles up
Form 3 D workpiece.
Embodiment 9
The 3D Method of printing of a kind of fibre-grade reactive extrursion, is that the valerolactam of 1:1, caprolactam are with addition by mass ratio
After the auxiliary agent vinylcaprolactam of 5wt% is melted under the catalyst sodium hydroxide effect that addition is 0.01wt% in temperature it is
Carrying out polyreaction at 300 DEG C, it is thus achieved that number-average molecular weight is the subject polymer of 20000, polyreaction is complete in screw extruder
Becoming, screw extruder includes screw rod, connects the extruder motor of screw rod, heating collar, temperature sensor and dosing pump；Screw rod is single
Screw rod, draw ratio is 12, uniform pitch, and helical angle is 14 °, and spiral groove depth is 1.5mm, and surface roughness is Ra0.8；Even
The extruder motor connecing screw rod is fixedly mounted on the right side of screw rod, vertical support shaft fix；Heating collar and temperature sensor are arranged on
Outside screw rod；Then subject polymer is printed through fusion sediment 3D, successively pile up and form 3 D workpiece；3 D workpiece is at 100 DEG C
Keeping obtaining after 60min final products, 3D prints and uses 3 D-printing machine, including the Screw Extrusion mechanism set gradually,
Three-dimensional motion mechanism, workbench mechanism and computer control and drive system, Screw Extrusion mechanism relative to work platforms with become
Type part maintains static；Workbench mechanism is arranged on three-dimensional motion mechanism；Computer controls with drive system for complete machine
Automatically control and drive；Three-dimensional motion mechanism is made up of X-axis motion, Y-axis motion and Z axis motion；X-axis
Motion includes X-axis motor and lead screw guide rails composition；Y-axis motion includes y-axis motor and lead screw guide rails composition；Z axis
Motion includes Z axis motor and lead screw guide rails composition；X-axis is supported and fixed on Y-axis feed screw nut, and Y-axis is supported and fixed on
On shaping work platform frame, Z axis is vertically fixed on pedestal；Workbench mechanism is by shaping work platform, shaping work
Platform frame and leveling nut composition；Shaping work stage+module, on X-axis motion, has suitable coefficient of friction,
Can be good at fixing ground floor printed material；Shaping work platform frame and described Y-axis motion are connected, simultaneously with
Z axis moving slide block is affixed, it is possible to do moving along a straight line up and down with Z axis；Leveling nut can regulate the height of molding work platforms,
Ensure the perpendicularity requirement to shower nozzle discharging opening of the shaping work platform plane；Screw Extrusion mechanism is vertical or horizontal, and it includes
Material feed drum, screw extrusion apparatus and the nozzle system being connected with screw extrusion apparatus；Material feed drum includes being connected with screw extrusion apparatus
Material feed drum, the rounded funnel-form of material feed drum, outside arranges drying heater；Nozzle system by conveyance conduit, nozzle, rotating disk,
Stop valve and chiller are constituted；Nozzle is installed on conveyance conduit end, and nozzle number includes one, and it is generally circular in shape, spray
Comprising 1 spray orifice on mouth, spray orifice is generally circular in shape, and spray orifice outlet diameter is 500 μm, simultaneously nozzle chiller installed above,
Chiller is ring blowing, and pathogenic wind-warm is 15 DEG C, and wind speed is 0.01m/s；Stop valve is installed on above the chiller of shower nozzle；
The step that concrete 3D prints includes:
(1) use CAM software design product figure on computers, then carry out the AUTOMATIC ZONING slicing treatment of model,
Obtain the panel data information of each processing aspect, and be converted into the coordinate G code of molding；
(2) described subject polymer is fed forward, and is controlled by dosing pump accurate quantification and by nozzle system extrusion to becoming
Type platform, shaped platform make under computer system control X-Y plane motion, the translational speed of shaped platform is 500mm/s,
Dosing pump melt flow is 3000L/h, and precision is 0.1%；Start solid after the temperature of the polymer of extrusion is less than solidification temperature
Chemical conversion type, becomes the cross section of profiled member a layer thickness, and the deposition material terminating a layer solidifies rapidly and is bonded to adjacent material
Type, shaped platform, at the height of Z axis Move Up One Layer, carries out the deposition of next layer, the most successively piles up and form three-dimensional work
Part.
Claims (10)
1. a 3D Method of printing for fibre-grade reactive extrursion, is characterized in that: lactam monomers and/or internal ester monomer are melted with auxiliary agent
Under catalyst action, polyreaction is carried out, it is thus achieved that subject polymer after melting；Then by described subject polymer through fusion sediment
3D prints, and successively piles up and forms 3 D workpiece；Described 3 D workpiece after heat treatment obtains final products；
Described heat treatment refers to keep 3-60min at 100-180 DEG C.
The 3D Method of printing of a kind of fibre-grade reactive extrursion the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described lactams list
Body be valerolactam, caprolactam, oenantholcatam, spicy inner formyl amine, certain herbaceous plants with big flowers lactams, ten lactams, 11 lactams, ten
More than one in two lactams；Described internal ester monomer be valerolactone, caprolactone, heptalactone, caprylolactone, certain herbaceous plants with big flowers lactone, ten
More than one in lactone, undecalactone, dodecalactone；Described catalyst is sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, organic metal
More than one in compound；Described organo-metallic compound be one in methyl, ethyl, propyl group, butyl, phenyl with
The stable compound that a kind of combination in sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium is formed；Described auxiliary agent be vinylcaprolactam, isocyanates,
More than one in carbamate, carbonic ester or sulphonic acid ester.
The 3D Method of printing of a kind of fibre-grade reactive extrursion the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described polyreaction
Temperature be 150-300 DEG C, catalyst loading is 0.01-1wt%, and additive dosage is 0.1-5wt%, described target gather
The number-average molecular weight of compound is 1000-20000.
The 3D Method of printing of a kind of fibre-grade reactive extrursion the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described polyreaction
Completing in screw extruder, described screw extruder includes screw rod, connects the extruder motor of screw rod, heating collar, temperature biography
Sensor and dosing pump；Described screw rod is the one in single screw rod, twin screw, three screw rods, and draw ratio is 12-48, uniform pitch,
Helical angle is 14-18 °, and spiral groove depth is 1.5-3.5mm, and surface roughness is Ra0.4-0.8；Squeezing of described connection screw rod
Go out motor and be fixedly mounted on the right side of screw rod, vertical support shaft fix；Described heating collar and temperature sensor are arranged on screw rod
Outside.
The 3D Method of printing of a kind of fibre-grade reactive extrursion the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described 3D prints
Step include:
(1) use CAD or CAM software design product figure on computers, then carry out the AUTOMATIC ZONING section of model
Process, obtain the panel data information of each processing aspect, and be converted into the coordinate G code of molding；
(2) described subject polymer is fed forward, and is controlled by dosing pump accurate quantification and by nozzle system extrusion to becoming
Type platform, shaped platform makees X-Y plane motion under computer system control；When the temperature of the polymer of extrusion is less than solid
Change and start curing molding after temperature, become the cross section of profiled member a layer thickness, terminate the deposition material of a layer solidify rapidly and with
Adjacent material molding bonded, shaped platform, at the height of Z axis Move Up One Layer, carries out the deposition of next layer, the most successively
Pile up and form 3 D workpiece.
The 3D Method of printing of a kind of fibre-grade reactive extrursion the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that described molding is put down
The translational speed of platform is 10-10000mm/s；Described dosing pump melt flow is 0.1-3000L/h, and precision is ± 0.1%.
The 3D Method of printing of a kind of fibre-grade reactive extrursion the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described 3D prints
Use 3 D-printing machine, including the Screw Extrusion mechanism, three-dimensional motion mechanism, workbench mechanism and the meter that set gradually
Calculation machine controls and drive system, and described Screw Extrusion mechanism maintains static relative to work platforms and profiled member；Described work
It is arranged on three-dimensional motion mechanism as platform mechanism；Described computer control with drive system be for complete machine automatically control with
Drive.
The 3D Method of printing of a kind of fibre-grade reactive extrursion the most according to claim 7, it is characterised in that described three-dimensional motion
Mechanism is made up of X-axis motion, Y-axis motion and Z axis motion；Described X-axis motion includes X-axis
Motor and lead screw guide rails composition；Described Y-axis motion includes y-axis motor and lead screw guide rails composition；Described Z axis moves
Mechanism includes Z axis motor and lead screw guide rails composition；Described X-axis is supported and fixed on Y-axis feed screw nut, and Y-axis supports solid
Being scheduled on shaping work platform frame, Z axis is vertically fixed on pedestal.
The 3D Method of printing of a kind of fibre-grade reactive extrursion the most according to claim 7, it is characterised in that described work platforms
Mechanism is made up of shaping work platform, shaping work platform frame and leveling nut；Described shaping work stage+module is in institute
On the X-axis motion stated, there is suitable coefficient of friction, it is possible to the most fixing ground floor printed material；Described one-tenth
Type work platforms bracing frame is connected with described Y-axis motion, the most affixed with Z axis moving slide block, it is possible to Z axis
Do and move along a straight line up and down；Described leveling nut can regulate the height of molding work platforms, it is ensured that shaping work platform plane pair
The perpendicularity requirement of shower nozzle discharging opening.
The 3D Method of printing of a kind of fibre-grade reactive extrursion the most according to claim 7, it is characterised in that described screw rod squeezes
It is vertical or horizontal for going out mechanism, and it includes material feed drum, screw extrusion apparatus and the nozzle system being connected with screw extrusion apparatus；
Described material feed drum includes the material feed drum being connected with screw extrusion apparatus, the rounded funnel-form of material feed drum, and outside arranges to be dried and adds
Hot device；Described nozzle system is made up of conveyance conduit, nozzle, rotating disk, stop valve and chiller；Described nozzle is installed on
Conveyance conduit end, nozzle number at least includes one, it is generally circular in shape, one in rectangle, triangle, rhombus or
Several, nozzle comprises 1-1000 spray orifice, spray orifice is generally circular in shape, rectangle, triangle, rhombus, cross, one
One or more in font, Y shape, spray orifice outlet diameter is 10-500 μm, nozzle chiller installed above simultaneously,
Chiller is ring blowing or cross air blasting, and pathogenic wind-warm is 15-25 DEG C, and wind speed is 0.01-0.1m/s；Described stop valve is installed on spray
Above the chiller of head.
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| CN201610250420.4A CN105922576A (en) | 2016-04-21 | 2016-04-21 | 3D printing method for fiber-grade reactive extrusion |
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Application publication date: 20160907 |