CN105751500A - Porous bone scaffold manufacturing device and method - Google Patents
Porous bone scaffold manufacturing device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105751500A CN105751500A CN201610101063.5A CN201610101063A CN105751500A CN 105751500 A CN105751500 A CN 105751500A CN 201610101063 A CN201610101063 A CN 201610101063A CN 105751500 A CN105751500 A CN 105751500A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/28—Bones
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
- A61L27/40—Composite materials, i.e. containing one material dispersed in a matrix of the same or different material
- A61L27/44—Composite materials, i.e. containing one material dispersed in a matrix of the same or different material having a macromolecular matrix
- A61L27/446—Composite materials, i.e. containing one material dispersed in a matrix of the same or different material having a macromolecular matrix with other specific inorganic fillers other than those covered by A61L27/443 or A61L27/46
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
- A61L27/40—Composite materials, i.e. containing one material dispersed in a matrix of the same or different material
- A61L27/44—Composite materials, i.e. containing one material dispersed in a matrix of the same or different material having a macromolecular matrix
- A61L27/46—Composite materials, i.e. containing one material dispersed in a matrix of the same or different material having a macromolecular matrix with phosphorus-containing inorganic fillers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
- A61L27/50—Materials characterised by their function or physical properties, e.g. injectable or lubricating compositions, shape-memory materials, surface modified materials
- A61L27/56—Porous materials, e.g. foams or sponges
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2430/00—Materials or treatment for tissue regeneration
- A61L2430/02—Materials or treatment for tissue regeneration for reconstruction of bones; weight-bearing implants
Abstract
The invention discloses a porous bone scaffold manufacturing device and method. The method comprises a three-dimensional movement framework structure, an extruding unit, an extruding mechanism, a working surface and a temperature control unit mounted on the working surface, wherein the extruding unit comprises a liquid storage device and a linear unit; the extruding mechanism comprises a fixing clamp for fixing the extruding unit, a push rod for pushing a bone material in the liquid storage device to be extruded, and a driving mechanism for driving the push rod to do reciprocating motion; the extruding unit does the reciprocating motion in X-axis and Y-axis directions in the three-dimensional movement framework structure; the working surface does the reciprocating motion in a Z-axis direction in the three-dimensional movement framework structure. The porous bone scaffold manufacturing device disclosed by the invention is simple in structure, convenient to operate and low in manufacturing cost; a solution can be stably extruded; porous bone scaffold structures of different pore diameters, different pore structures, different sizes and different strip shapes can be manufactured through extruding high-viscosity biological ink.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to tissue engineering technique field, especially relate to a kind of porous bone scaffold and manufacture device and manufacture method.
Background technology
The reparation of the Cranial defect that the reasons such as various wounds, bone tumor, osteonecrosis cause is always up the thorny problem of field of orthopaedics.Currently, in the face of existing tradition study on bone defect healing method includes self bone collection, autologous spongiosa bone collection etc., although the bone conduction that autologous bone transplanting provides, self-bone grafting and osteogenesis effect, but there is the problem such as donor deficiency, operation consuming cycle length, allogenic bone transplantation very easily causes again rejection, and therapeutic effect is poor.
Utilize bone tissue engineer technology a to prepare heat subject that artificial bone scaffold replacement bone defect is current regenerative medicine field, the structural design of Porotic bone scaffold has vital effect for Bone Defect Repari, duct in Porotic bone scaffold can as Growth of Cells time required nutrient substance conveyance conduit, also it is the passing away of metabolite simultaneously, and the growth of osseous tissue is also played vital effect by the size in duct and shape, if pore size is excessive, then it is unfavorable for depending on of cell, otherwise, if pore size is too little, then it is unfavorable for the growth of cell, breeding and differentiation, therefore, if it is controlled to prepare pore size, the Porotic bone scaffold that pore passage structure is through, this can provide a strong environment for the growth of bone and its cells.
At present, the conventional method manufacturing porous bone scaffold mainly has electrostatic spinning technique, pore creating material method, foam duplicating method, particle deposition method, selects laser sintered etc..Above method all also exists different defects, as low in electrostatic spinning technique manufacture support efficiency, and the support mechanical property manufactured is relatively low；The intercommunity of the porous support pore passage structure that pore creating material method manufactures is bad, and hole dimension disunity；The hole dimension within porous support that foam duplicating method manufactures is uncontrollable, and the shortcoming that there is also pore passage structure not intercommunication；There is the shortcomings such as internal stent hole dimension is too small, and size is uncontrollable, and duct is irregular in particle deposition method；Select that laser sintered to there is equipment investment cost high, the powder body manufacturing bone support is required high.
Summary of the invention
The problem that the present invention runs into based on the method and apparatus of existing manufacture bone support, the invention provides the bone support of a kind of porous and manufacture device, by this device, hole shape can be produced controlled, hole dimension is controlled, stripe shape is various, and line size is variable, the bone supporting structure of the porous of pore passage structure rule and intercommunication；Meanwhile, this apparatus structure is simple, low cost of manufacture.
Invention also provides the bone support manufacturing method of a kind of porous, pass through the inventive method, it is possible to be currently capable of producing hole shape in fact controlled, hole dimension is controlled, stripe shape is various, and line size is variable, the bone supporting structure of the porous of pore passage structure rule and intercommunication.
A kind of porous bone scaffold manufactures device, including three-dimensional motion frame structure, the extrusion unit being arranged in three-dimensional motion frame structure, controls the extrusion mechanism of extrusion unit extrusion bone material, the work surface supporting porous bone scaffold and the temperature conditioning unit being arranged on work surface；
Described extrusion unit includes the reservoir storing bone material solution and the line type cell for controlling extrusion bone material shape being fixed on reservoir discharge end；
Described extrusion mechanism includes:
For fixing the stationary fixture of described extrusion unit；
For the push rod promoting the bone material in reservoir to extrude；
Drive the reciprocating driving mechanism of push rod；
Described extrusion unit does moving back and forth of X-axis and Y direction in three-dimensional motion frame structure, and described work surface Z-direction in three-dimensional motion frame structure moves back and forth.
Described three-dimensional motion frame structure mainly includes X moving cell, Y motion unit and Z moving cell, wherein said X moving cell is arranged on Y motion unit, follow Y motion unit to move back and forth in the Y direction, reciprocating motion by X moving cell, realize the extrusion unit motion in X/Y plane being arranged on X moving cell, again through the Z-direction relative motion with the work surface being arranged on described Z moving cell, it is achieved described extrusion unit motion in three dimensions.
As preferably, described line type cell includes needle mount and needle, and needle is threadedly fixed with needle mount, conveniently dismounting and replacing needle.The shape of cross section of described needle inner passage is triangle, square, pentagon, hexagon, circular etc., solution is extruded by described piston through needle, and the shape within needle directly determines the shape of the lines of extrusion, and aperture size within needle is adjustable, to meet the demand of support different porosities.
As preferably, described stationary fixture includes:
The clamp base being connected is fixed with three-dimensional motion frame structure；
With the fixture end cap that clamp base is detachably fixed, extrusion unit is detachably secured in described clamp base by this fixture end cap.
Adopt technique scheme, reservoir in extrusion unit is embedded in the groove of clamp base, play effect reservoir being positioned and fixing, fixture end cap covers reservoir simultaneously, the needle being arranged on the line type cell of reservoir lower end is made to expose in atmosphere through the through hole of fixture end cap, fixture end cap blocks the needle mount of line type cell, prevent the line type cell in extrusion unit from coming off because of reasons such as deadweight, for a long time work or solution blocking line type cell, the supporting structure manufactured before impact.
The extrusion preferred scheme of unit has following two:
As preferably, described clamp base both sides are provided with chuck；Described fixture end cap includes the holding section being arranged on top for engaging with chuck, and is arranged on bottom for fixing the location division of line type cell.In this technical scheme, extrusion unit overall structure is simple.
As preferably, described clamp base both sides are provided with draw-in groove；Described clip end tops is provided with the holding section for engaging with clamp base, and bottom is provided with the location division for fixed needle base；Both sides, described holding section are provided with the projection engaged with described draw-in groove, and bottom is provided with the folding block tongue for blocking line type cell bottom margin that bends inwards.In this technical scheme, fixture end cap bed knife degree is relatively strong, is suitable to the occasion that technological requirement is higher.
In the present invention, described stationary fixture can arbitrarily be changed, the various sizes of reservoir of convenient installation, meets the needs of different volumes solution, it is achieved the manufacture of various sizes of support.
In the present invention, the optional screw mandrel of described driving mechanism and linear electric motors mechanism, described extrusion mechanism passes through linear electric motors drive installation screw mandrel motion on linear electric motors, screw mandrel upper end is owing to fixing with slide block, following slide block to move up and down along 2 polished rods being uniformly and symmetrically distributed, polished rod and slide block structure constitute the guiding mechanism of extrusion mechanism.Ensure that the up and down motion that the movable clamp of screw mandrel lower end can be stable, screw mandrel lower end is fixed by nut and movable clamp, by the motion of movable clamp, thus realizing the motion of push rod, reaches the purpose of solution extrusion.
Described reservoir includes liquid storing barrel, promote the piston of liquid motion, it is fixedly mounted on the push rod on piston, described push rod is fixed on above-mentioned movable clamp, by the reciprocating motion of movable clamp, drives the motion of the push rod being arranged on movable clamp, thus driving the motion of the piston being connected with push rod, realizing extrusion and the resorption of liquid in liquid storing barrel, described piston needs and coordinating that described liquid storing barrel has had, it is prevented that the solution in liquid storing barrel spills from piston end.
As preferably, described reservoir is syringe, and the piston in syringe and described push rod are fixed, and the shell of syringe is fixed on stationary fixture.Described reservoir can be existing commercial syringe, it is simple to changes and buys, such as 1ml syringe, 2ml syringe, 5ml syringe, 10ml syringe etc..
As preferably, described temperature conditioning unit includes the working plate being arranged on work surface, the heating film being arranged on working plate and temperature sensor and connects the temperature controller of heating film and temperature sensor, temperature controller is utilized to regulate the on an off of heating film, again through the temperature sensor detection to the temperature on working plate, it is achieved to accurately controlling in real time of the upper temperature in work bottom.In manufacturing stent procedures, heat on working plate is delivered to the internal stent manufactured, and accelerates the evaporation of internal stent moisture so that support can solidify at short notice, while supporting own wt, it is also possible to be about to the supporting structure manufactured above it after support.
As preferably, being bolted between described working plate and work surface, each bolt being cased with spring, the two ends of spring offset with working plate and work surface respectively.In the technical program, it is bolted between described working plate and work surface, bolt is evenly distributed on four corners of working plate, being cased with spring on each bolt, under normal circumstances, spring is in the state compressed, pass through adjusting bolt, the restoring force utilizing spring realizes the motion of working plate, thus regulating the levelness of working plate, it is ensured that the smooth manufacture of support.
A kind of porous bone scaffold manufacture method, it is characterised in that adopt the porous bone scaffold described in claim 1～8 any claim to manufacture device, comprise the steps:
(1) bone supporting structure threedimensional model to be manufactured changing into STL formatted file, input bone support manufactures in device, arranges the operating temperature of temperature conditioning unit；
(2) configuration bone material solution, and the bone material solution configured is inserted in extrusion unit；
(3) extrusion mechanism work, extrusion unit extrusion bone material, bone material is deposited on workbench, until completing the deposition of whole bone support；
(4) cooling, dries the bone supporting structure obtained 20～48 hours in 80～120 DEG C of baking ovens, and is then put into high temperature furnace high-temperature 1000～1500 DEG C and is incubated 2～4 hours, and finally cooling obtains bone supporting structure.
As preferably, described bone material solution is the mixture of hydrogel solution and powder body；
Described hydrogel solution is one or more mixing in PVA hydrogel solution, CMC hydrogel solution, PEG-hydrogel solution；
Described powder body can be the mixing of one or more in silicate, phosphate, bio-vitric, and its particle diameter is between 1 to 10 microns.
Assembly of the invention can complete the straight line of extrusion unit, circular arc, three-dimensional space curves etc. move, the space that can realize two dimension or three-dimensional manufactures, can expressed water gel, the full-bodied liquid such as alginate, after utilizing the bio-ink extrusion that liquid and powder are mixed, the solidification of lines is accelerated in the evaporation of moisture, form the ability of certain self-sustained, maintain the stability of the three dimensional structure of whole manufacture and the integrity of the systematicness of pore passage structure and structure, form the bone supporting structure of the porous of some strength finally by sintering process.
Compared with prior art, present invention have the advantage that
One, the porous bone scaffold manufacture apparatus structure of the present invention is simple, easy to operate, device low cost of manufacture, bio-ink is deposited on working plate by extrusion mechanism, utilize the characteristic of high viscosity bio-ink self-supporting, add the heating film accurate control to working plate temperature, by the motion of three-dimensional motion frame structure, realize different size, the manufacture of difform porous bone scaffold structure.
Two, the manufacture device of the present invention have employed linear stepping motor and drives screw mandrel extrusion bio-ink, and screw mandrel motion is at the uniform velocity steady, and extrusion force is big, extrusion capacity controllable precise.
Three, the manufacture device of the present invention can manufacture different hole shape, hole dimension, the bone supporting structure of different side opening height, it is only necessary to simply arrange the parameter of manufacture.
Four, the manufacture device of the present invention is by changing difform needle structure, it is possible to manufacture the bone supporting structure of different stripe shape, separates design by needle and needle mount, in that context it may be convenient to replacing needle simultaneously.
Five, the manufacture device of the present invention can change reservoir, the various sizes of bone supporting structure of convenient manufacture on demand.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the porous bone scaffold manufacture device of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the extrusion mechanism of the porous bone scaffold of the present invention；
Fig. 3 a is stationary fixture and the extrusion cellular construction schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 3 b is stationary fixture and the extrusion cellular construction schematic diagram that the present invention adopts another kind of structure；
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the temperature conditioning unit of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the hole cross sectional shape schematic diagram of the needle of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is that assembly of the invention is at the structural representation manufacturing ground floor；
Fig. 7 is the structural representation during assembly of the invention successively manufactures；
Fig. 8 is the SEM figure manufacturing the rack surface structure that device manufactures of the present invention；
Fig. 9 is the SEM figure manufacturing the support section structure that device manufactures of the present invention；
nullIn figure: 1 is X moving cell，2 is Y motion unit，3 is Z moving cell，4 is extrusion mechanism，5 is temperature conditioning unit，6 is extrusion unit，7 is work surface，8 is upper surface，9 is slide block，10 is polished rod，11 is screw mandrel，12 is lower surface，13 is linear electric motors，14 is movable clamp，15 is base plate，16 is stationary fixture，17 is line type cell，18 is reservoir，19 is needle mount，20 is needle，21 is fixture end cap，21a、Holding section，21b、Location division，21c、Holding section，21d、Block tongue，22 is clamp base，22a、Chuck，22b、Draw-in groove，23 is temperature sensor，24 is bolt，25 is spring，26 is heating film，27 is working plate，28 is liquid storing barrel，29 is piston，30 is push rod.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and implementation process, the present invention is further illustrated.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of porous bone scaffold manufactures device, including: three-dimensional motion frame structure, the extrusion unit 6 being arranged in three-dimensional motion frame structure, the control extrusion extrusion mechanism 4 of unit 6 extrusion solution, work surface 7 and the temperature conditioning unit 5 being arranged on work surface 7.
Three-dimensional motion frame structure includes fixed frame, the X moving cell 1 estimated on fixed frame, Y motion unit 2 and Z moving cell 3, Y motion unit 2.Wherein Y motion unit 2 includes the Y-axis track being arranged on fixed frame top and the Y-axis slide block being slidably arranged on Y-axis track.X moving cell 1 then includes X-axis track and the X-axis slide block being slidably arranged on X-axis track.Z moving cell 3 includes the Z axis slide block being arranged on the Z axis track determining framework side and being slidably arranged on Z axis track.
The X-axis track installation of X moving cell 1, on the Y-axis slide block of Y motion unit 2, is followed Y motion unit 2 and is moved back and forth in the Y direction.Extrusion mechanism 4 is relatively fixed by extrusion mechanism 4 and X-axis slide block, by the reciprocating motion of X moving cell 1, it is achieved be arranged on the extrusion unit 6 motion in X/Y plane on X moving cell 1.Work surface 7 and Z axis slide block are relatively fixed, by Z moving cell 3, it is achieved the Z-direction relative motion of work surface, it is achieved extrusion unit opposite working motion in three dimensions.
Extrusion unit 6 is arranged on extrusion mechanism 4, stationary fixture 16, linear electric motors 13, upper surface 8 and lower surface 12 are all fixed on base plate 15, base plate 15 is arranged on the X moving cell 1 of three-dimensional motion frame structure, and work surface 7 is arranged on the Z moving cell 3 of three-dimensional motion frame structure.
As shown in Figure 2, extrusion mechanism 4 includes: base plate 15, stationary fixture 16 for fixing extrusion unit 6, for the movable clamp 14 promoting the liquid in reservoir 18 to extrude, drive the reciprocating screw mandrel 11 of movable clamp 14, drive the reciprocating linear electric motors 13 of screw mandrel 11, be fixedly mounted on the slide block 9 on screw mandrel 11, coordinate the polished rod 10 that screw mandrel 11 moves and play the guiding role, the upper surface 8 at fixing polished rod 10 two ends and lower surface 12.Base plate 15 and X-axis slide block are relatively fixed.Stationary fixture 16 is fixed on base plate 15.Movable clamp 14 one end and screw mandrel 11 is fixing to be connected, and the engaging nut that the other end passes through with push rod 30 to be arranged in stationary fixture is fixed and is connected.Upper surface 8 and lower surface 12 limit the moving limit position of slide block 9 both direction.Extrusion mechanism 4 is moved up and down by linear electric motors 13 drive installation screw mandrel 11 on linear electric motors 13, screw mandrel 11 upper end is owing to fixing with slide block 9, follow slide block 9 to move up and down along 2 polished rods 11 being uniformly and symmetrically distributed, ensure that the up and down motion that the movable clamp 14 of screw mandrel 11 lower end can be stable, screw mandrel 11 lower end is fixed with movable clamp 14 by nut, by the motion of movable clamp 14, thus realizing the motion of push rod 30, reach the purpose of solution extrusion.
As in figure 2 it is shown, extrusion unit 6 includes the reservoir 18 of storage solutions and controls the line type cell 17 of extrusion solution shape, line type cell 17 is arranged on described reservoir 18.
As shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7, reservoir 18 includes liquid storing barrel 28, promote the piston 29 of liquid motion, it is fixedly mounted on the push rod 30 on piston 29, push rod 30 is fixed on above-mentioned movable clamp 14, reciprocating motion by movable clamp 14, drive the motion of the push rod 30 being arranged on movable clamp 14, thus driving the motion of the piston 29 being connected with push rod 30, realize extrusion and the resorption of liquid in liquid storing barrel 28, piston 29 needs and coordinating that liquid storing barrel 28 has had, it is prevented that the solution in liquid storing barrel 28 spills from piston 29.
Reservoir 18 can be existing commercial syringe, it is simple to changes and buys, such as 1ml syringe, 2ml syringe, 5ml syringe, 10ml syringe etc..
As shown in Figure 3 a and Figure 3 b shows, line type cell 17 includes needle mount 19 and needle 20, and the bottom of the liquid storing barrel 28 in needle mount 19 and reservoir 18 is fixed, and needle 20 is threadedly fixed with needle mount 19, conveniently dismounting and replacing needle.
As shown in Figure 5, the shape of needle 20 internal gutter cross section can be triangle (in Fig. 5 shown in (a)), square (in Fig. 5 shown in (b)), pentagon (in Fig. 5 shown in (c)), hexagon (in Fig. 5 shown in (d)), circular (in Fig. 5 shown in (e)) etc., solution is extruded by piston 29 through needle 20, and the shape within needle 20 directly determines the shape of the lines of extrusion.Aperture size within needle 20 is adjustable, in that context it may be convenient to the needle of dismounting and replacing different pore size, to meet the demand of supporting structure different porosities.
As shown in Figure 3 a and Figure 3 b shows, it is the stationary fixture of two kinds of structures.The stationary fixture 16 of two kinds of structures all includes the clamp base 22 being used for fixing extrusion unit 6 and the fixture end cap 21 being arranged in clamp base 22, reservoir 18 in extrusion unit 6 is embedded in the groove of clamp base 22, play the effect that reservoir 18 is positioned and fixed, fixture end cap 21 covers reservoir 18 simultaneously, the needle 20 being arranged on the line type cell 17 of reservoir 18 lower end is made to expose in atmosphere through the through hole of fixture end cap 21, fixture end cap 21 blocks the needle mount 19 of line type cell 17, prevent the line type cell 17 in extrusion unit 6 because of deadweight, work for a long time, or solution blocks the reasons such as line type cell and comes off, the supporting structure manufactured before impact.
In Fig. 3 a, clamp base 22 both sides are provided with two chuck 22a, are used for preventing fixture end cap 21 from coming off downwards；Fixture end cap 21 includes the holding section 21a being arranged on top for engaging with chuck 22a, and is arranged on the bottom location division 21b for fixed needle base 19；During actual installation, after fixture end cap 21 and needle mount 19 being positioned, advance fixture end cap 21, when holding section 21a and chuck 22a is engaging in place the installation that can complete fixture end cap 21.
In Fig. 3 b, clamp base 22 both sides are provided with two draw-in groove 22b；Fixture end cap 21 includes the holding section 21c being arranged on top for engaging with clamp base 22, and is arranged on the bottom location division 21b for fixed needle base 19.It is provided with inside the 21c of holding section and the draw-in groove 22b projection engaged, is used for preventing fixture end cap 21 from offseting to one side；Being provided with the block tongue 21d of infolding bottom the 21c of holding section, for engaging with clamp base 22 bottom edge, side prevents fixture end cap 21 from coming off.
In the present invention, stationary fixture 16 can arbitrarily be changed, the various sizes of reservoir 18 of convenient installation, meets the needs of different volumes solution, it is achieved the manufacture of various sizes of support.
As shown in Figure 4, temperature conditioning unit 5 includes working plate 27, it is arranged on the heating film 26 on working plate 27 back side (bottom surface), it is arranged on the temperature sensor 23 on working plate 27, connect the temperature controller of heating film 26 and temperature sensor 23, temperature controller is utilized to regulate the on an off of heating film 26, again through the temperature sensor 23 detection to the temperature on working plate 27, it is achieved to accurately the controlling in real time of temperature on work bottom 27.In manufacturing stent procedures, heat on working plate 27 is delivered to the internal stent manufactured, and accelerates the evaporation of internal stent moisture so that support can solidify at short notice, while supporting own wt, it is also possible to be about to the supporting structure manufactured above it after support.
As shown in Figure 4, it is connected by bolt 24 between working plate 27 with work surface 7, bolt 24 is evenly distributed on four corners of working plate 27, being cased with spring 25 on each bolt 24, under normal circumstances, spring 25 is in the state compressed, by adjusting bolt 24, the restoring force utilizing spring 25 realizes the motion of working plate 27, thus regulating the levelness of working plate 27, it is ensured that the smooth manufacture of support.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 8 and Figure 9, it is the surface Electronic Speculum figure and section Electronic Speculum figure that utilize the porous bone scaffold of the present invention to manufacture the porous bone scaffold that device manufactures, for the bone supporting structure of silicate powder, the work process of apparatus of the present invention is described:
1) silicate powder is prepared by chemical synthesis process, or directly adopt commercial products, the powder body of 5 to 10 microns of sizes is obtained by ball-milling treatment, configuration concentration PVA aqueous solution between 5% to 8%, then the ratio mix homogeneously of powder body and solution 1.4～1.6:1 by weight, extrudable full-bodied bio-ink is obtained；
2) bio-ink obtained by said method loads liquid storing barrel 28, remove the bubble in the bio-ink in liquid storing barrel 28, the line type cell 17 that internal pore structure is circle is loaded onto in the bottom of liquid storing barrel 28, such as Fig. 5 (e), then extrusion unit 6 is installed in the clamp base 22 of stationary fixture 16, push rod 30 is installed on movable clamp 14, covers fixture end cap 21；
3) being opened by temperature conditioning unit 5, the temperature arranging working plate 27 is 40 DEG C, waits that working plate 27 arrives the temperature set.
4) starting to regulate elemental height, the lower surface making needle 20 is concordant with working plate 27, writes down height now.
5) in computer, bone supporting structure threedimensional model is changed into STL formatted file, input bone support manufactures device, again the height input bone support obtained in step 4 is manufactured device, carry out altimetric compensation, be translated into bone support by CAM software and manufacture the G code that device may identify which.
6) start to manufacture support: bone support manufactures device back to zero.
7) extrusion unit 6 moves to desired position, and needle 20 is apart from the height that height is ground floor of working plate 27.
8) Z moving cell 3 keeps highly constant, and X, Y motion unit are according to Sequence motion, and linear electric motors 13 also begin to motion simultaneously, drives screw mandrel 11 and piston 29 to move downward, the bio-ink in extruding liquid storing barrel 28 so that it is extrude from needle 20.As shown in Figure 6.
9) along with the extrusion unit 6 motion in X/Y plane and the extrusion of bio-ink in liquid storing barrel 28, resorption or stopping, extruded material is on-demand to be deposited on working plate 27, until this layer has manufactured.
10) linear electric motors 13 quit work, and Z moving cell 3 declines a floor height, the coordinate that X, Y motion unit motion start to the second layer, start the manufacture of new a layer, repeat step 9.As shown in Figure 7.
11) treating that all layers have all manufactured, linear electric motors 13 quit work, and three-dimensional motion frame structure drives extrusion unit 6 to return to initial point.
12) after waiting for a period of time, take out the supporting structure manufactured, the supporting structure obtained is dried 24 hours in 100 DEG C of baking ovens.
13) taking out support from baking oven, be put into high temperature furnace high-temperature 1150 DEG C and be incubated 3 hours, in last stove, room temperature cooling obtains porous bone scaffold structure.As shown in Figure 8 and Figure 9.
Claims (10)
1. porous bone scaffold manufactures a device, including three-dimensional motion frame structure, the extrusion unit being arranged in three-dimensional motion frame structure, controls the extrusion mechanism of extrusion unit extrusion bone material, the work surface supporting porous bone scaffold and the temperature conditioning unit being arranged on work surface；It is characterized in that:
Described extrusion unit includes the reservoir storing bone material solution and the line type cell for controlling extrusion bone material shape being fixed on reservoir discharge end；
Described extrusion mechanism includes:
For fixing the stationary fixture of described extrusion unit；
For the push rod promoting the bone material in reservoir to extrude；
Drive the reciprocating driving mechanism of push rod；
Described extrusion unit does moving back and forth of X-axis and Y direction in three-dimensional motion frame structure, and described work surface Z-direction in three-dimensional motion frame structure moves back and forth.
2. porous bone scaffold according to claim 1 manufactures device, it is characterised in that described stationary fixture includes:
The clamp base being connected is fixed with three-dimensional motion frame structure；
With the fixture end cap that clamp base is detachably fixed, extrusion unit is detachably secured in described clamp base by this fixture end cap.
3. porous bone scaffold according to claim 2 manufactures device, it is characterised in that described clamp base both sides are provided with chuck；Described fixture end cap includes the holding section being arranged on top for engaging with chuck, and is arranged on bottom for fixing the location division of line type cell.
4. porous bone scaffold according to claim 2 manufactures device, it is characterised in that described clamp base both sides are provided with draw-in groove；Described clip end tops is provided with the holding section for engaging with clamp base, and bottom is provided with the location division for fixed needle base；Both sides, described holding section are provided with the projection engaged with described draw-in groove, and bottom is provided with the block tongue bent inwards for blocking line type cell bottom margin.
5. porous bone scaffold according to claim 1 manufactures device, it is characterised in that described reservoir is syringe, and the piston in syringe and described push rod are fixed, and the shell of syringe is fixed on stationary fixture.
6. porous bone scaffold according to claim 1 manufactures device, it is characterised in that described line type cell includes needle mount and needle, and needle is threadedly fixed with needle mount；The shape of cross section of described needle inner passage is triangle, square, pentagon, hexagon, the one in circle.
7. porous bone scaffold according to claim 1 manufactures device, it is characterized in that, described temperature conditioning unit includes the working plate being arranged on work surface, the heating film being arranged on working plate and temperature sensor and connects the temperature controller of heating film and temperature sensor.
8. porous bone scaffold according to claim 7 manufactures device, it is characterised in that be bolted between described working plate and work surface, each bolt is cased with spring, and the two ends of spring offset with working plate and work surface respectively.
9. a porous bone scaffold manufacture method, it is characterised in that adopt the porous bone scaffold described in claim 1～8 any claim to manufacture device, comprise the steps:
(1) bone supporting structure threedimensional model to be manufactured changing into STL formatted file, input bone support manufactures in device, arranges the operating temperature of temperature conditioning unit；
(2) configuration bone material solution, and the bone material solution configured is inserted in extrusion unit；
(3) extrusion mechanism work, extrusion unit extrusion bone material, bone material is deposited on workbench, until completing the deposition of whole bone support；
(4) cooling, dries the bone supporting structure obtained 20～48 hours in 80～120 DEG C of baking ovens, and is then put into high temperature furnace high-temperature 1000～1500 DEG C and is incubated 2～4 hours, and finally cooling obtains bone supporting structure.
10. porous bone scaffold manufacture method according to claim 9, it is characterised in that described bone material solution is the mixture of hydrogel solution and powder body；
Described hydrogel solution is one or more mixing in PVA hydrogel solution, CMC hydrogel solution, PEG-hydrogel solution；
Described powder body can be the mixing of one or more in silicate, phosphate, bio-vitric, and its particle diameter is between 1 to 10 microns.
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