CN105690778A - Fiber-grade 3D (three-dimensional) printing method on basis of reactive extrusion - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a fiber-grade 3D (three-dimensional) printing method on the basis of reactive extrusion. The fiber-grade 3D printing method includes fusing lactam monomers and/or lactone monomers, auxiliaries and plasticizers and then carrying out polymerization reaction on the lactam monomers and/or the lactone monomers, the auxiliaries and the plasticizers under the effects of catalysts to obtain target polymers; carrying out fused deposition 3D printing on the target polymers and then carrying out thermal treatment on the target polymers to obtain final products. The thermal treatment refers to keeping the target polymers at the temperatures of 100-180 DEG C for 3-60 min. The fiber-grade 3D printing method has the advantages that the fiber-grade 3D printing method is implemented by the aid of high-precision and high-adaptability 3D printers and is high in forming precision and efficiency, and the products are good in mechanical property; processes for manufacturing the products from the polymeric monomers directly are adopted, accordingly, the production flexibility can be improved, problems of edge warping and even incapability of carrying out printing due to crystallization and high temperature difference of semi-crystalline polymers such as nylon and polyester can be solved, and the problem of deterioration of the performance of existing products due to degradation of high-molecular polymers can be solved; the types of fused deposition 3D printing materials are expanded, the quality of the products can be improved, and accordingly the fiber-grade 3D printing method can be widely applied to the field of art craft, machinery, chemical engineering, instruments, automobiles and the like.

Description

A kind of fibre-grade is based on the 3D Method of printing of reactive extrursion

Technical field

The invention belongs to 3D printing technique field, relate to a kind of fibre-grade 3D Method of printing based on reactive extrursion, particularly relate to a kind of from monomer directly to the 3D Method of printing of goods。

Background technology

3D printing technique is a kind of rapid shaping technique of popular rise gradually at present, and this is a kind of greenization desktop Rapid Prototyping technique, has volume little, the advantages such as cost is low, pollutes low, easy to use。Its ultimate principle is with macromolecular material for base material, adopt Deformation In The Fdm Process or fused glass pellet technology, completing object by successively printing type to structure and to be formed, successively superposition ultimately forms product, can successively pile up and build various three-dimensional bodies under being accurately positioned。

Utilize the feature that 3D prints, it is possible to by software control, and by the transformation of equipment, print the material with specific function。It is currently used for 3D printing polymeric material and has acrylonitrile butadiene styrene terpolymer (ABS), polylactic acid (PLA), nylon (PA), Merlon (PC) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) etc., be mainly polymeric articles。At present, along with 3D printer technology develops gradually, product uses scope to widen gradually, and the requirement of product is not only rested in bulk properties by market, requires also day by day to increase to the functionalization of 3D printed product。

Patent " has the 3D printed material of self-cleaning antibacterial function and preparation method and application ", and (CN104530668A) discloses a kind of method preparing functionalization 3D printed material: this 3D printed material comprises following component: the high polymer 70-85 parts such as polylactic acid or acrylonitrile butadiene styrene terpolymer；Inorganic filler 1-5 part, nano antibacterial agent titanium dioxide 0.5-1.5 part, isoprene rubber, the thermoplastic polyester elastomer binding material 10-20 parts such as the pigment powder 1-5 part such as titanium white, red, calcium carbonate superfine powder, superfine silicon dioxide and Pulvis Talci。This invention is by by aforementioned component mix homogeneously；Again the material of mix homogeneously is put in single-screw extruder, extrusion, cooling and shaping, dry, traction, coiling, obtain the 3D printed material with self-cleaning antibacterial function。Patent " a kind of for 3D flame-proof composite material printed and preparation method thereof " (CN104479349A) provides a kind of for the 3D flame-proof composite material printed, including the raw material of following weight portion: the nylon resin of 60-95 weight portion；The lubricant of the ABS resin 0.3-2 weight portion of 5-40 weight portion；The compatilizer of 5-20 weight portion；The antioxidant of 0.2-1 weight portion；The unformed red phosphorus of 5-30 weight portion, the 3D prepared by the method prints raw material and goods have certain fire resistance。Patent " a kind of electric conductivity 3D prints plastics lines and production method thereof " (CN103788565A), a kind of electric conductivity 3D of this disclosure of the invention prints plastics lines and production method thereof, following components is included: the ABS of 100 parts according to mass fraction ratio, the conductive nano white carbon black of 35-55 part, 0.5-3 part titanate coupling agent, this invention obtain 3D print plastic wire there is electric conductivity。

From the prior art, for the 3D functional composite material printed and goods it has been reported that but still suffer from some problems, mainly have the following aspects: in macromolecule raw material, the material being mainly polymerized in advance, it is impossible to the bulk properties of quick controlled material；Print in the course of processing at 3D, need polymer remelt, and owing to the conventional 3D melting tube printed is shorter, in order to ensure polymer melt, heating-up temperature need to be brought up to above 20-50 DEG C of melting point polymer, the performance of polymer own is impacted by this secondary processing process, easily produce low molecule, easily occur affecting the performance of product by bubble etc. in print procedure, meanwhile, remelted process is also the waste to energy。For nylon and polyester material, its water absorption is relatively strong, and chemical stability is relatively poor, and material stores inconvenience, is not suitable for industrialization, and this is all that restriction 3D prints nylon and the key factor of polyester material development。

Summary of the invention

For overcoming the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of fibre-grade based on the 3D Method of printing of reactive extrursion, be a kind of from monomer directly to the 3D Method of printing of goods。The present invention adopts the 3D printer with high-accuracy high-efficiency high-adaptability, with polymer monomer for raw material, adds a certain amount of function ingredients, obtains the 3D with specific function through 3D printer molding and prints goods。The method from monomer directly to goods, decrease in conventional 3D printing step and cool down remelted step, reduce cost, it also avoid the second melting process degraded impact on product quality simultaneously, it also avoid the degraded in the course of processing that material causes owing to water suction waits and hydraulic performance decline simultaneously；From the direct goods of monomer, it is possible to reduce machine-shaping temperature, it is to avoid the problem causing the change in size caused because of percent thermal shrinkage due to excessive temperature differentials；And Modulatory character is strong, regulation and control production technology can be required according to product quality, it is achieved single line multi-item production, continuous production is good；Simultaneously with the 3D printer with high-accuracy high-efficiency high-adaptability, improve molding degree of freedom, manufacturing speed and profiled member precision。

A kind of fibre-grade of the present invention, based on the 3D Method of printing of reactive extrursion, carries out polyreaction, it is thus achieved that subject polymer after melted to lactam monomers and/or internal ester monomer and auxiliary agent, plasticizer under catalyst action；Then described subject polymer is printed through fusion sediment 3D, successively pile up and form 3 D workpiece；Described 3 D workpiece after heat treatment obtains final products；

Described plasticizer is more than one in dibutyl phthalate, citrate, gallium chloride, lithium chloride, calcium chloride, clay, rare earth；Appropriate plasticizer is added in printing raw material, reduce the degree of crystallinity of semi-crystalline polymer, reduce the fusing point of polymer, can realize at a lower temperature printing, plasticizer can interact with a plurality of strand in system simultaneously simultaneously, thus playing the effect of micro-crosslinking, the difference of flowability after making polymer before melting reduces, and the difference of flowability after making polymer before melting reduces。

Described heat treatment refers to and keeps 3-60min at 100-180 DEG C。The product that 3D prints, polyreaction is not fully finished；The polymerization reaction system that the present invention adopts, at a certain temperature, polymer of the present invention still has polymerization activity under the effect of catalyst, can pass through heat treatment a period of time at a certain temperature, polyreaction is made to proceed, thus obtaining the product of specified molecular weight, there is the controllability producing properties of product。

As preferred technical scheme:

A kind of fibre-grade as above is based on the 3D Method of printing of reactive extrursion, and described lactam monomers is more than one in valerolactam, caprolactam, oenantholcatam, spicy inner formyl amine, certain herbaceous plants with big flowers lactams, ten lactams, 11 lactams, lauric lactam；Described internal ester monomer is more than one in valerolactone, caprolactone, heptalactone, caprylolactone, certain herbaceous plants with big flowers lactone, ten lactones, undecalactone, dodecalactone；Described catalyst is more than one in sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, organo-metallic compound；Described organo-metallic compound is the stable compound that a kind of combination in a kind of and sodium in methyl, ethyl, propyl group, butyl, phenyl, potassium, calcium, magnesium is formed；Described auxiliary agent is more than one in vinylcaprolactam, isocyanates, carbamate, carbonic ester and sulphonic acid ester。

A kind of fibre-grade as above is based on the 3D Method of printing of reactive extrursion, the temperature of described polyreaction is 150-300 DEG C, catalyst loading is 0.01-1wt%, additive dosage is 0.1-5wt%, described plasticizer addition is 10-40wt%, and the number-average molecular weight of described subject polymer is 1000-20000。

A kind of fibre-grade as above is based on the 3D Method of printing of reactive extrursion, and described polyreaction completes in screw extruder, by controlling extruder temperature, catalyst content, the number-average molecular weight of accuracy controlling polymer；Described screw extruder includes screw rod, connects the extruder motor of screw rod, heating collar, temperature sensor and dosing pump；Described screw rod is the one in single screw rod, twin screw, three screw rods, and draw ratio is 12-48, uniform pitch, and helical angle is 14-18 °, and spiral groove depth is 1.5-3.5mm, and surface roughness is Ra0.4-0.8；The extruder motor of described connection screw rod is fixedly mounted on the right side of screw rod, is fixed by vertically supporting axle；Described heating collar and temperature sensor are arranged on outside screw rod。

A kind of fibre-grade as above is based on the 3D Method of printing of reactive extrursion, and the step that described 3D prints includes:

(1) adopt CAD or CAM software design product figure on computers, then carry out the AUTOMATIC ZONING slicing treatment of model, obtain the panel data information of each processing aspect, and be converted into the coordinate G code of molding；

(2) described subject polymer is fed forward, and is controlled by dosing pump accurate quantification and extruded to shaped platform by nozzle system, and shaped platform does X-Y plane motion under computer system control；Curing molding is started after the temperature of polymer of extrusion is lower than solidification temperature, become the cross section of profiled member a layer thickness, terminate one layer deposition material rapid solidification and with adjacent material molding bonded, shaped platform is at the height of Z axis Move Up One Layer, carry out the deposition of next layer, so successively pile up and form 3 D workpiece。

A kind of fibre-grade as above is based on the 3D Method of printing of reactive extrursion, and the translational speed of described shaped platform is 10-10000mm/s；Described dosing pump melt flow is 0.1-3000L/h, precision is ± 0.1%, so that it is guaranteed that the accurate control of extrusion capacity in forming process, it is ensured that whole mechanism stability in continuous operation, simultaneously work as the effect of supercharging, it is ensured that the smooth extrusion molding of high viscosity thermoplastic。

A kind of fibre-grade as above is based on the 3D Method of printing of reactive extrursion, described 3D prints and adopts 3 D-printing machine, controlling and drive system including the Screw Extrusion mechanism set gradually, three-dimensional motion mechanism, workbench mechanism and computer, described Screw Extrusion mechanism maintains static relative to work platforms and profiled member；Described workbench mechanism is arranged on three-dimensional motion mechanism；It is automatically controlling and driving for complete machine that described computer controls with drive system。

A kind of fibre-grade as above is based on the 3D Method of printing of reactive extrursion, and described three-dimensional motion mechanism is made up of X-axis motion, Y-axis motion and Z axis motion；Described X-axis motion includes X-axis motor and lead screw guide rails composition；Described Y-axis motion includes y-axis motor and lead screw guide rails composition；Described Z axis motion includes Z axis motor and lead screw guide rails composition；Described X-axis is supported and fixed on Y-axis feed screw nut, and Y-axis is supported and fixed on shaping work platform frame, and Z axis is vertically fixed on pedestal。

A kind of fibre-grade as above is based on the 3D Method of printing of reactive extrursion, and described workbench mechanism is made up of shaping work platform, shaping work platform frame and leveling nut；Described shaping work stage+module, on described X-axis motion, has suitable coefficient of friction, it is possible to well fixing ground floor printed material；Described shaping work platform frame is connected with described Y-axis motion, simultaneously affixed with Z axis moving slide block, it is possible to do upper and lower rectilinear motion with Z axis；Described leveling nut can regulate the height of molding work platforms, it is ensured that the perpendicularity requirement to shower nozzle discharging opening of the shaping work platform plane。

A kind of fibre-grade as above is based on the 3D Method of printing of reactive extrursion, and described Screw Extrusion mechanism is vertical or horizontal, and it includes material feed drum, screw extrusion apparatus and the nozzle system being connected with screw extrusion apparatus；Described material feed drum includes the material feed drum being connected with screw extrusion apparatus, and the rounded funnel-form of material feed drum, outside arranges drying heater；Described nozzle system is made up of conveyance conduit, nozzle, rotating disk, stop valve and chiller；Described nozzle is installed on conveyance conduit end, nozzle number at least includes one, it is generally circular in shape, one or more in rectangle, triangle, rhombus, comprising 1-1000 spray orifice on nozzle, spray orifice is generally circular in shape, one or more in rectangle, triangle, rhombus, cross, in-line, Y shape, and spray orifice outlet diameter is 10-500 μm, nozzle chiller installed above simultaneously, chiller is ring blowing or cross air blasting, and pathogenic wind-warm is 15-25 DEG C, and wind speed is 0.01-0.1m/s；Described stop valve is installed on above the chiller of shower nozzle, for controlling the duty of many shower nozzles。

Beneficial effect:

The present invention compared with prior art, has following apparent prominent substantive distinguishing features and remarkable advantage:

(1) present invention is by adopting the combination of screw rod and dosing pump, it is achieved the stability accurately controlled with wire vent of shower nozzle raw silk percentage of cocoon in forming process, improves formed precision；Simultaneously by the pressurization of dosing pump, it is achieved molding high viscosity thermoplastic polymer, thus widening the range of choice of moulding material so that it is have high-adaptability。

(2) present invention pressurization by dosing pump, it is possible to be effectively improved the material extruded velocity from nozzle, pile up profiled member faster, thus improving shaping efficiency；In addition, supercharging can use the nozzle that diameter is less, reduce the cross-sectional area of extruded material, obtaining better formed precision, simultaneously because extrude being greatly increased of silk material specific surface area, its rate of cooling increases, and then shaping speed can be improved further, and the raising of shaping speed, it is possible to it is greatly increased the degree of orientation of extrusion silk material, thus improving the mechanical property of profiled member。

(3) present invention is by adopting many shower nozzles multiinjector, it is possible to the multiple profiled member of molding simultaneously, such that it is able to be effectively improved shaping efficiency, meets the requirement of batch molding。

(4) owing to fusion sediment 3D prints, to add heat pipe shorter, in order to make polymer completely melted, it is necessary to must improve melt temperature, and the present invention from monomer directly to goods, decrease and conventional 3D printing step cool down remelted step, reduce cost；Second melting process easily produces little molecule and causes degraded, little molecule can form stress concentration point in product, greatly reduce the mechanical property of product, and degrade and can reduce the molecular weight of polymer, molecular weight reduction means the reduction of the mechanical property of material own, what bring is the reduction of Mechanical Properties of Products, and the present invention then eliminates second melting process, thus with avoiding little molecule and the impact on product quality of other degradation processes that second melting process produces。

(5) present invention from monomer directly to goods, decrease in conventional 3D printing step and cool down remelted step, avoid the remelted process of section and can reduce machine-shaping temperature, it also avoid the degraded declining and causing of the quality of materials that printed material causes due to water suction etc. in storage process；The present invention can pass through accuracy controlling polymerization temperature, the molecular weight of polymer when regulation and control print, and obtains finished product again through post processing, so can reduce print temperature, it is to avoid the problem causing the change in size caused because of percent thermal shrinkage due to excessive temperature differentials；The present invention is also by regulation and control aftertreatment technology, it is thus achieved that the goods of different performance, also acts as elimination thermal history, thermal finalization simultaneously, improves the effect of part performance further。

(6) conventional melt deposition 3D prints, usual a kind of raw material can only print the product of a kind of performance, and the present invention, can pass through to regulate polymerization technique and formula acquisition different product from monomer directly to goods, substantially increase the motility of production, reduce the properties of product dependency to raw material。

(7) present invention introduces appropriate plasticizer in printing raw material, reduce the degree of crystallinity of semi-crystalline polymer, reduce the fusing point of polymer, can realize at a lower temperature printing, reduce the difference between print temperature and ambient temperature, it is to avoid the problem such as the product contraction that causes due to crystallization and temperature difference, hydraulic performance decline；Plasticizer can interact with a plurality of strand in system simultaneously simultaneously, thus playing the effect of micro-crosslinking, difference of flowability after making polymer before melting reduces, and the difference of flowability after making polymer before melting reduces, and is conducive to the silk from nozzle extrusion to reach conformality。Meanwhile, plasticizer can play the effect of lubrication, so that not havinging plug nozzle phenomenon in FDM forming process, and the product that printed of 3D is prone to the separation of backing material or forming platform, and molding is more stable。

(8) deposit with conventional melt compared with 3D printing, the diameter of spray orifice of the present invention outlet can be as small as 10 μm, reach fibre-grade standard, this design can be greatly improved the 3D precision printed, 3D is made to print finer and smoother, improve 3D and print quality and the fineness of goods, also improve the 3D scope of application printed simultaneously。

Detailed description of the invention

Below in conjunction with detailed description of the invention, the present invention is expanded on further。Should be understood that these embodiments are merely to illustrate the present invention rather than restriction the scope of the present invention。In addition, it is to be understood that after having read the content that the present invention lectures, the present invention can be made various changes or modifications by those skilled in the art, and these equivalent form of values fall within the application appended claims limited range equally。

Embodiment 1

A kind of fibre-grade is based on the 3D Method of printing of reactive extrursion, by lactam monomers valerolactam and internal ester monomer valerolactone and the auxiliary agent vinylcaprolactam that addition is 0.1wt% and plasticizer phthalic acid dibutyl ester that addition is 10wt%；It is at 150 DEG C, carry out polyreaction in temperature under the catalyst sodium hydroxide effect that addition is 0.01wt% after melted, obtaining number-average molecular weight is the subject polymer of 1000, polyreaction completes in screw extruder, and screw extruder includes screw rod, connects the extruder motor of screw rod, heating collar, temperature sensor and dosing pump；Screw rod is single screw rod, and draw ratio is 12, uniform pitch, and helical angle is 14 °, and spiral groove depth is 1.5mm, and surface roughness is Ra0.4；The extruder motor connecting screw rod is fixedly mounted on the right side of screw rod, is fixed by vertically supporting axle；Heating collar and temperature sensor are arranged on outside screw rod；Then subject polymer is printed through fusion sediment 3D, successively pile up and form 3 D workpiece；3 D workpiece obtains final products after keeping 3min at 100 DEG C, 3D prints and adopts 3 D-printing machine, controlling and drive system including the Screw Extrusion mechanism set gradually, three-dimensional motion mechanism, workbench mechanism and computer, Screw Extrusion mechanism maintains static relative to work platforms and profiled member；Workbench mechanism is arranged on three-dimensional motion mechanism；It is automatically controlling and driving for complete machine that computer controls with drive system；Three-dimensional motion mechanism is made up of X-axis motion, Y-axis motion and Z axis motion；X-axis motion includes X-axis motor and lead screw guide rails composition；Y-axis motion includes y-axis motor and lead screw guide rails composition；Z axis motion includes Z axis motor and lead screw guide rails composition；X-axis is supported and fixed on Y-axis feed screw nut, and Y-axis is supported and fixed on shaping work platform frame, and Z axis is vertically fixed on pedestal；Workbench mechanism is made up of shaping work platform, shaping work platform frame and leveling nut；Shaping work stage+module, on X-axis motion, has suitable coefficient of friction, it is possible to well fixing ground floor printed material；Shaping work platform frame is connected with described Y-axis motion, simultaneously affixed with Z axis moving slide block, it is possible to do upper and lower rectilinear motion with Z axis；Leveling nut can regulate the height of molding work platforms, it is ensured that the perpendicularity requirement to shower nozzle discharging opening of the shaping work platform plane；Screw Extrusion mechanism is vertical, and it includes material feed drum, screw extrusion apparatus and the nozzle system being connected with screw extrusion apparatus；Material feed drum includes the material feed drum being connected with screw extrusion apparatus, and the rounded funnel-form of material feed drum, outside arranges drying heater；Nozzle system is made up of conveyance conduit, nozzle, rotating disk, stop valve and chiller；Nozzle is installed on conveyance conduit end, nozzle number one, and it is generally circular in shape, and nozzle comprises 1 spray orifice, spray orifice is generally circular in shape, and spray orifice outlet diameter is 10 μm, simultaneously nozzle chiller installed above, chiller is ring blowing, and pathogenic wind-warm is 15 DEG C, and wind speed is 0.01m/s；Stop valve is installed on above the chiller of shower nozzle；

The step that concrete 3D prints includes:

(1) adopt CAD software deisgn product figure on computers, then carry out the AUTOMATIC ZONING slicing treatment of model, obtain the panel data information of each processing aspect, and be converted into the coordinate G code of molding；

(2) subject polymer is fed forward, and controlled and by nozzle system extrusion to shaped platform by dosing pump accurate quantification, shaped platform does X-Y plane motion under computer system control, the translational speed of shaped platform is 10mm/s, dosing pump melt flow is 0.1L/h, and precision is 0.1%；Curing molding is started after the temperature of polymer of extrusion is lower than solidification temperature, become the cross section of profiled member a layer thickness, terminate one layer deposition material rapid solidification and with adjacent material molding bonded, shaped platform is at the height of Z axis Move Up One Layer, carry out the deposition of next layer, so successively pile up and form 3 D workpiece。

Embodiment 2

A kind of fibre-grade is based on the 3D Method of printing of reactive extrursion, by lactam monomers caprolactam and internal ester monomer caprolactone and the auxiliary agent isocyanates that addition is 5wt% and plasticizer citrate that addition is 40wt%；It is at 300 DEG C, carry out polyreaction in temperature under the catalyst potassium hydroxide effect that addition is 1wt% after melted, obtaining number-average molecular weight is the subject polymer of 20000, polyreaction completes in screw extruder, and screw extruder includes screw rod, connects the extruder motor of screw rod, heating collar, temperature sensor and dosing pump；Screw rod is twin screw, and draw ratio is 48, uniform pitch, and helical angle is 18 °, and spiral groove depth is 3.5mm, and surface roughness is Ra0.8；The extruder motor connecting screw rod is fixedly mounted on the right side of screw rod, is fixed by vertically supporting axle；Heating collar and temperature sensor are arranged on outside screw rod；Then subject polymer is printed through fusion sediment 3D, successively pile up and form 3 D workpiece；3 D workpiece obtains final products after keeping 60min at 180 DEG C, 3D prints and adopts 3 D-printing machine, controlling and drive system including the Screw Extrusion mechanism set gradually, three-dimensional motion mechanism, workbench mechanism and computer, Screw Extrusion mechanism maintains static relative to work platforms and profiled member；Workbench mechanism is arranged on three-dimensional motion mechanism；It is automatically controlling and driving for complete machine that computer controls with drive system；Three-dimensional motion mechanism is made up of X-axis motion, Y-axis motion and Z axis motion；X-axis motion includes X-axis motor and lead screw guide rails composition；Y-axis motion includes y-axis motor and lead screw guide rails composition；Z axis motion includes Z axis motor and lead screw guide rails composition；X-axis is supported and fixed on Y-axis feed screw nut, and Y-axis is supported and fixed on shaping work platform frame, and Z axis is vertically fixed on pedestal；Workbench mechanism is made up of shaping work platform, shaping work platform frame and leveling nut；Shaping work stage+module, on X-axis motion, has suitable coefficient of friction, it is possible to well fixing ground floor printed material；Shaping work platform frame is connected with Y-axis motion, simultaneously affixed with Z axis moving slide block, it is possible to do upper and lower rectilinear motion with Z axis；Leveling nut can regulate the height of molding work platforms, it is ensured that the perpendicularity requirement to shower nozzle discharging opening of the shaping work platform plane；Screw Extrusion mechanism is horizontal, and it includes material feed drum, screw extrusion apparatus and the nozzle system being connected with screw extrusion apparatus；Material feed drum includes the material feed drum being connected with screw extrusion apparatus, and the rounded funnel-form of material feed drum, outside arranges drying heater；Nozzle system is made up of conveyance conduit, nozzle, rotating disk, stop valve and chiller；Nozzle is installed on conveyance conduit end, and nozzle number includes 2, and it is shaped as rectangle, and nozzle comprises 1000 spray orifices, spray orifice is shaped as rectangle, and spray orifice outlet diameter is 500 μm, simultaneously nozzle chiller installed above, chiller is cross air blasting, and pathogenic wind-warm is 25 DEG C, and wind speed is 0.1m/s；Stop valve is installed on above the chiller of shower nozzle；

The step that concrete 3D prints includes:

(1) adopt CAM software design product figure on computers, then carry out the AUTOMATIC ZONING slicing treatment of model, obtain the panel data information of each processing aspect, and be converted into the coordinate G code of molding；

(2) subject polymer is fed forward, and controlled and by nozzle system extrusion to shaped platform by dosing pump accurate quantification, shaped platform does X-Y plane motion under computer system control, the translational speed of shaped platform is 10000mm/s, dosing pump melt flow is 3000L/h, and precision is-0.1%；Curing molding is started after the temperature of polymer of extrusion is lower than solidification temperature, become the cross section of profiled member a layer thickness, terminate one layer deposition material rapid solidification and with adjacent material molding bonded, shaped platform is at the height of Z axis Move Up One Layer, carry out the deposition of next layer, so successively pile up and form 3 D workpiece。

Embodiment 3

A kind of fibre-grade is based on the 3D Method of printing of reactive extrursion, by lactam monomers oenantholcatam and internal ester monomer heptalactone and the auxiliary agent carbamate that addition is 0.5wt% and plasticizer gallium chloride that addition is 15wt%；After melted the catalyst methyl that addition is 0.08wt% be combined with sodium formation stable compound effect under be at 250 DEG C, carry out polyreaction in temperature, obtaining number-average molecular weight is the subject polymer of 10000, polyreaction completes in screw extruder, and screw extruder includes screw rod, connects the extruder motor of screw rod, heating collar, temperature sensor and dosing pump；Screw rod is three screw rods, and draw ratio is 45, uniform pitch, and helical angle is 16 °, and spiral groove depth is 1.8mm, and surface roughness is Ra0.6；The extruder motor connecting screw rod is fixedly mounted on the right side of screw rod, is fixed by vertically supporting axle；Heating collar and temperature sensor are arranged on outside screw rod；Then subject polymer is printed through fusion sediment 3D, successively pile up and form 3 D workpiece；3 D workpiece obtains final products after keeping 10min at 120 DEG C, 3D prints and adopts 3 D-printing machine, controlling and drive system including the Screw Extrusion mechanism set gradually, three-dimensional motion mechanism, workbench mechanism and computer, Screw Extrusion mechanism maintains static relative to work platforms and profiled member；Workbench mechanism is arranged on three-dimensional motion mechanism；It is automatically controlling and driving for complete machine that computer controls with drive system；Three-dimensional motion mechanism is made up of X-axis motion, Y-axis motion and Z axis motion；X-axis motion includes X-axis motor and lead screw guide rails composition；Y-axis motion includes y-axis motor and lead screw guide rails composition；Z axis motion includes Z axis motor and lead screw guide rails composition；X-axis is supported and fixed on Y-axis feed screw nut, and Y-axis is supported and fixed on shaping work platform frame, and Z axis is vertically fixed on pedestal；Workbench mechanism is made up of shaping work platform, shaping work platform frame and leveling nut；Shaping work stage+module, on X-axis motion, has suitable coefficient of friction, it is possible to well fixing ground floor printed material；Shaping work platform frame is connected with Y-axis motion, simultaneously affixed with Z axis moving slide block, it is possible to do upper and lower rectilinear motion with Z axis；Leveling nut can regulate the height of molding work platforms, it is ensured that the perpendicularity requirement to shower nozzle discharging opening of the shaping work platform plane；Screw Extrusion mechanism is vertical, and it includes material feed drum, screw extrusion apparatus and the nozzle system being connected with screw extrusion apparatus；Material feed drum includes the material feed drum being connected with screw extrusion apparatus, and the rounded funnel-form of material feed drum, outside arranges drying heater；Nozzle system is made up of conveyance conduit, nozzle, rotating disk, stop valve and chiller；Nozzle is installed on conveyance conduit end, and nozzle number includes 3, and it is shaped as triangle, and nozzle comprises 800 spray orifices, spray orifice is shaped as triangle, and spray orifice outlet diameter is 100 μm, simultaneously nozzle chiller installed above, chiller is ring blowing, and pathogenic wind-warm is 20 DEG C, and wind speed is 0.05m/s；Stop valve is installed on above the chiller of shower nozzle；

The step that concrete 3D prints includes:

(1) adopt CAD software deisgn product figure on computers, then carry out the AUTOMATIC ZONING slicing treatment of model, obtain the panel data information of each processing aspect, and be converted into the coordinate G code of molding；

(2) described subject polymer is fed forward, and controlled and by nozzle system extrusion to shaped platform by dosing pump accurate quantification, shaped platform does X-Y plane motion under computer system control, the translational speed of shaped platform is 100mm/s, dosing pump melt flow is 1000L/h, and precision is 0.1%；Curing molding is started after the temperature of polymer of extrusion is lower than solidification temperature, become the cross section of profiled member a layer thickness, terminate one layer deposition material rapid solidification and with adjacent material molding bonded, shaped platform is at the height of Z axis Move Up One Layer, carry out the deposition of next layer, so successively pile up and form 3 D workpiece。

Embodiment 4

A kind of fibre-grade is based on the 3D Method of printing of reactive extrursion, by lactam monomers spicy inner formyl amine and internal ester monomer caprylolactone and the auxiliary agent carbonic ester that addition is 2wt% and plasticizer lithium chloride that addition is 20wt%；It is at 200 DEG C, carry out polyreaction in temperature under the stable compound effect that the ethyl that addition is 0.07wt% is combined formation with potassium after melted, obtaining number-average molecular weight is the subject polymer of 1000, polyreaction completes in screw extruder, and screw extruder includes screw rod, connects the extruder motor of screw rod, heating collar, temperature sensor and dosing pump；Screw rod is single screw rod, and draw ratio is 15, uniform pitch, and helical angle is 16 °, and spiral groove depth is 1.8mm, and surface roughness is Ra0.6；The extruder motor connecting screw rod is fixedly mounted on the right side of screw rod, is fixed by vertically supporting axle；Heating collar and temperature sensor are arranged on outside screw rod；Then subject polymer is printed through fusion sediment 3D, successively pile up and form 3 D workpiece；3 D workpiece obtains final products after keeping 60min at 100 DEG C, 3D prints and adopts 3 D-printing machine, controlling and drive system including the Screw Extrusion mechanism set gradually, three-dimensional motion mechanism, workbench mechanism and computer, Screw Extrusion mechanism maintains static relative to work platforms and profiled member；Workbench mechanism is arranged on three-dimensional motion mechanism；It is automatically controlling and driving for complete machine that computer controls with drive system；Three-dimensional motion mechanism is made up of X-axis motion, Y-axis motion and Z axis motion；X-axis motion includes X-axis motor and lead screw guide rails composition；Y-axis motion includes y-axis motor and lead screw guide rails composition；Z axis motion includes Z axis motor and lead screw guide rails composition；X-axis is supported and fixed on Y-axis feed screw nut, and Y-axis is supported and fixed on shaping work platform frame, and Z axis is vertically fixed on pedestal；Workbench mechanism is made up of shaping work platform, shaping work platform frame and leveling nut；Shaping work stage+module, on X-axis motion, has suitable coefficient of friction, it is possible to well fixing ground floor printed material；Shaping work platform frame is connected with described Y-axis motion, simultaneously affixed with Z axis moving slide block, it is possible to do upper and lower rectilinear motion with Z axis；Leveling nut can regulate the height of molding work platforms, it is ensured that the perpendicularity requirement to shower nozzle discharging opening of the shaping work platform plane；Screw Extrusion mechanism is horizontal, and it includes material feed drum, screw extrusion apparatus and the nozzle system being connected with screw extrusion apparatus；Material feed drum includes the material feed drum being connected with screw extrusion apparatus, and the rounded funnel-form of material feed drum, outside arranges drying heater；Nozzle system is made up of conveyance conduit, nozzle, rotating disk, stop valve and chiller；Nozzle is installed on conveyance conduit end, and nozzle number includes one, and it is shaped as rhombus, and nozzle comprises 500 spray orifices, spray orifice is shaped as rhombus, and spray orifice outlet diameter is 50 μm, simultaneously nozzle chiller installed above, chiller is ring blowing, and pathogenic wind-warm is 19 DEG C, and wind speed is 0.02m/s；Stop valve is installed on above the chiller of shower nozzle；

The step that concrete 3D prints includes:

(1) adopt CAD software deisgn product figure on computers, then carry out the AUTOMATIC ZONING slicing treatment of model, obtain the panel data information of each processing aspect, and be converted into the coordinate G code of molding；

(2) described subject polymer is fed forward, and controlled and by nozzle system extrusion to shaped platform by dosing pump accurate quantification, shaped platform does X-Y plane motion under computer system control, the translational speed of shaped platform is 6000mm/s, dosing pump melt flow is 1500L/h, and precision is-0.1%；Curing molding is started after the temperature of polymer of extrusion is lower than solidification temperature, become the cross section of profiled member a layer thickness, terminate one layer deposition material rapid solidification and with adjacent material molding bonded, shaped platform is at the height of Z axis Move Up One Layer, carry out the deposition of next layer, so successively pile up and form 3 D workpiece。

Embodiment 5

A kind of fibre-grade is based on the 3D Method of printing of reactive extrursion, by lactam monomers certain herbaceous plants with big flowers lactams and internal ester monomer certain herbaceous plants with big flowers lactone and the auxiliary agent sulphonic acid ester that addition is 3.5wt% and plasticizer calcium chloride that addition is 25wt%；It is at 160 DEG C, carry out polyreaction in temperature under the stable compound effect that the propyl group that addition is 0.3wt% is combined formation with calcium after melted, obtaining number-average molecular weight is the subject polymer of 1000, polyreaction completes in screw extruder, and screw extruder includes screw rod, connects the extruder motor of screw rod, heating collar, temperature sensor and dosing pump；Screw rod is single screw rod, and draw ratio is 32, uniform pitch, and helical angle is 16 °, and spiral groove depth is 1.5mm, and surface roughness is Ra0.8；The extruder motor connecting screw rod is fixedly mounted on the right side of screw rod, is fixed by vertically supporting axle；Heating collar and temperature sensor are arranged on outside screw rod；Then subject polymer is printed through fusion sediment 3D, successively pile up and form 3 D workpiece；3 D workpiece obtains final products after keeping 12min at 110 DEG C, 3D prints and adopts 3 D-printing machine, controlling and drive system including the Screw Extrusion mechanism set gradually, three-dimensional motion mechanism, workbench mechanism and computer, Screw Extrusion mechanism maintains static relative to work platforms and profiled member；Workbench mechanism is arranged on three-dimensional motion mechanism；It is automatically controlling and driving for complete machine that computer controls with drive system；Three-dimensional motion mechanism is made up of X-axis motion, Y-axis motion and Z axis motion；X-axis motion includes X-axis motor and lead screw guide rails composition；Y-axis motion includes y-axis motor and lead screw guide rails composition；Z axis motion includes Z axis motor and lead screw guide rails composition；X-axis is supported and fixed on Y-axis feed screw nut, and Y-axis is supported and fixed on shaping work platform frame, and Z axis is vertically fixed on pedestal；Workbench mechanism is made up of shaping work platform, shaping work platform frame and leveling nut；Shaping work stage+module, on X-axis motion, has suitable coefficient of friction, it is possible to well fixing ground floor printed material；Shaping work platform frame is connected with Y-axis motion, simultaneously affixed with Z axis moving slide block, it is possible to do upper and lower rectilinear motion with Z axis；Leveling nut can regulate the height of molding work platforms, it is ensured that the perpendicularity requirement to shower nozzle discharging opening of the shaping work platform plane；Screw Extrusion mechanism is vertical, and it includes material feed drum, screw extrusion apparatus and the nozzle system being connected with screw extrusion apparatus；Material feed drum includes the material feed drum being connected with screw extrusion apparatus, and the rounded funnel-form of material feed drum, outside arranges drying heater；Nozzle system is made up of conveyance conduit, nozzle, rotating disk, stop valve and chiller；Nozzle is installed on conveyance conduit end, and nozzle number includes 10, and it is shaped as rhombus, and nozzle comprises 600 spray orifices, spray orifice is shaped as cross, and spray orifice outlet diameter is 80 μm, simultaneously nozzle chiller installed above, chiller is cross air blasting, and pathogenic wind-warm is 22 DEG C, and wind speed is 0.09m/s；Stop valve is installed on above the chiller of shower nozzle；

The step that concrete 3D prints includes:

(1) adopt CAD or CAM software design product figure on computers, then carry out the AUTOMATIC ZONING slicing treatment of model, obtain the panel data information of each processing aspect, and be converted into the coordinate G code of molding；

(2) subject polymer is fed forward, and controlled and by nozzle system extrusion to shaped platform by dosing pump accurate quantification, shaped platform does X-Y plane motion under computer system control, the translational speed of shaped platform is 6000mm/s, dosing pump melt flow is 100L/h, and precision is 0.1%；Curing molding is started after the temperature of polymer of extrusion is lower than solidification temperature, become the cross section of profiled member a layer thickness, terminate one layer deposition material rapid solidification and with adjacent material molding bonded, shaped platform is at the height of Z axis Move Up One Layer, carry out the deposition of next layer, so successively pile up and form 3 D workpiece。

Embodiment 6

A kind of fibre-grade is based on the 3D Method of printing of reactive extrursion, by lactam monomers ten lactams and internal ester monomer ten lactone and the auxiliary agent vinylcaprolactam that addition is 4wt% and plasticizer clay that addition is 23wt%；It is at 160 DEG C, carry out polyreaction in temperature under the stable compound effect that the catalyst butyl that addition is 0.2wt% is combined formation with magnesium after melted, obtaining number-average molecular weight is the subject polymer of 1200, polyreaction completes in screw extruder, and screw extruder includes screw rod, connects the extruder motor of screw rod, heating collar, temperature sensor and dosing pump；Screw rod is single screw rod, and draw ratio is 30, uniform pitch, and helical angle is 14 °, and spiral groove depth is 1.8mm, and surface roughness is Ra0.5；The extruder motor connecting screw rod is fixedly mounted on the right side of screw rod, is fixed by vertically supporting axle；Heating collar and temperature sensor are arranged on outside screw rod；Then subject polymer is printed through fusion sediment 3D, successively pile up and form 3 D workpiece；3 D workpiece obtains final products after keeping 30min at 130 DEG C, 3D prints and adopts 3 D-printing machine, controlling and drive system including the Screw Extrusion mechanism set gradually, three-dimensional motion mechanism, workbench mechanism and computer, Screw Extrusion mechanism maintains static relative to work platforms and profiled member；Workbench mechanism is arranged on three-dimensional motion mechanism；It is automatically controlling and driving for complete machine that computer controls with drive system；Three-dimensional motion mechanism is made up of X-axis motion, Y-axis motion and Z axis motion；X-axis motion includes X-axis motor and lead screw guide rails composition；Y-axis motion includes y-axis motor and lead screw guide rails composition；Z axis motion includes Z axis motor and lead screw guide rails composition；X-axis is supported and fixed on Y-axis feed screw nut, and Y-axis is supported and fixed on shaping work platform frame, and Z axis is vertically fixed on pedestal；Workbench mechanism is made up of shaping work platform, shaping work platform frame and leveling nut；Shaping work stage+module, on X-axis motion, has suitable coefficient of friction, it is possible to well fixing ground floor printed material；Shaping work platform frame is connected with Y-axis motion, simultaneously affixed with Z axis moving slide block, it is possible to do upper and lower rectilinear motion with Z axis；Leveling nut can regulate the height of molding work platforms, it is ensured that the perpendicularity requirement to shower nozzle discharging opening of the shaping work platform plane；Screw Extrusion mechanism is horizontal, and it includes material feed drum, screw extrusion apparatus and the nozzle system being connected with screw extrusion apparatus；Material feed drum includes the material feed drum being connected with screw extrusion apparatus, and the rounded funnel-form of material feed drum, outside arranges drying heater；Nozzle system is made up of conveyance conduit, nozzle, rotating disk, stop valve and chiller；Nozzle is installed on conveyance conduit end, nozzle number includes 8, its generally circular in shape, rectangle, comprising 650 spray orifices on nozzle, spray orifice is generally circular in shape, rectangle, and spray orifice outlet diameter is 35 μm, nozzle chiller installed above simultaneously, chiller is cross air blasting, and pathogenic wind-warm is 15 DEG C, and wind speed is 0.1m/s；Stop valve is installed on above the chiller of shower nozzle；

The step that concrete 3D prints includes:

(1) adopt CAM software design product figure on computers, then carry out the AUTOMATIC ZONING slicing treatment of model, obtain the panel data information of each processing aspect, and be converted into the coordinate G code of molding；

(2) described subject polymer is fed forward, and controlled and by nozzle system extrusion to shaped platform by dosing pump accurate quantification, shaped platform does X-Y plane motion under computer system control, the translational speed of shaped platform is 30mm/s, dosing pump melt flow is 120L/h, and precision is-0.1%；Curing molding is started after the temperature of polymer of extrusion is lower than solidification temperature, become the cross section of profiled member a layer thickness, terminate one layer deposition material rapid solidification and with adjacent material molding bonded, shaped platform is at the height of Z axis Move Up One Layer, carry out the deposition of next layer, so successively pile up and form 3 D workpiece。

Embodiment 7

A kind of fibre-grade is based on the 3D Method of printing of reactive extrursion, by lactam monomers 11 lactams and internal ester monomer undecalactone and the auxiliary agent vinylcaprolactam that addition is 0.1wt% and isocyanates and plasticizer rare earth that addition is 30wt%；The mass ratio of vinylcaprolactam and isocyanates is 1:1；It is at 300 DEG C, carry out polyreaction in temperature under the stable compound effect that the catalyst phenyl that addition is 1wt% is combined formation with sodium after melted, obtaining number-average molecular weight is the subject polymer of 1000, polyreaction completes in screw extruder, and screw extruder includes screw rod, connects the extruder motor of screw rod, heating collar, temperature sensor and dosing pump；Screw rod is three screw rods, and draw ratio is 48, uniform pitch, and helical angle is 18 °, and spiral groove depth is 1.5mm, and surface roughness is Ra0.8；The extruder motor connecting screw rod is fixedly mounted on the right side of screw rod, is fixed by vertically supporting axle；Heating collar and temperature sensor are arranged on outside screw rod；Then subject polymer is printed through fusion sediment 3D, successively pile up and form 3 D workpiece；3 D workpiece obtains final products after keeping 40min at 160 DEG C, 3D prints and adopts 3 D-printing machine, controlling and drive system including the Screw Extrusion mechanism set gradually, three-dimensional motion mechanism, workbench mechanism and computer, Screw Extrusion mechanism maintains static relative to work platforms and profiled member；Workbench mechanism is arranged on three-dimensional motion mechanism；It is automatically controlling and driving for complete machine that computer controls with drive system；Three-dimensional motion mechanism is made up of X-axis motion, Y-axis motion and Z axis motion；X-axis motion includes X-axis motor and lead screw guide rails composition；Y-axis motion includes y-axis motor and lead screw guide rails composition；Z axis motion includes Z axis motor and lead screw guide rails composition；X-axis is supported and fixed on Y-axis feed screw nut, and Y-axis is supported and fixed on shaping work platform frame, and Z axis is vertically fixed on pedestal；Workbench mechanism is made up of shaping work platform, shaping work platform frame and leveling nut；Shaping work stage+module, on X-axis motion, has suitable coefficient of friction, it is possible to well fixing ground floor printed material；Shaping work platform frame is connected with described Y-axis motion, simultaneously affixed with Z axis moving slide block, it is possible to do upper and lower rectilinear motion with Z axis；Leveling nut can regulate the height of molding work platforms, it is ensured that the perpendicularity requirement to shower nozzle discharging opening of the shaping work platform plane；Screw Extrusion mechanism is vertical or horizontal, and it includes material feed drum, screw extrusion apparatus and the nozzle system being connected with screw extrusion apparatus；Material feed drum includes the material feed drum being connected with screw extrusion apparatus, and the rounded funnel-form of material feed drum, outside arranges drying heater；Nozzle system is made up of conveyance conduit, nozzle, rotating disk, stop valve and chiller；Nozzle is installed on conveyance conduit end, nozzle number includes 10, it is shaped as triangle, rhombus, comprising 800 spray orifices on nozzle, spray orifice is shaped as cross, in-line, and spray orifice outlet diameter is 25 μm, nozzle chiller installed above simultaneously, chiller is ring blowing or cross air blasting, and pathogenic wind-warm is 25 DEG C, and wind speed is 0.1m/s；Stop valve is installed on above the chiller of shower nozzle；

The step that concrete 3D prints includes:

(1) adopt CAD software deisgn product figure on computers, then carry out the AUTOMATIC ZONING slicing treatment of model, obtain the panel data information of each processing aspect, and be converted into the coordinate G code of molding；

(2) described subject polymer is fed forward, and controlled and by nozzle system extrusion to shaped platform by dosing pump accurate quantification, shaped platform does X-Y plane motion under computer system control, the translational speed of shaped platform is 10mm/s, dosing pump melt flow is 0.1L/h, and precision is 0.1%；Curing molding is started after the temperature of polymer of extrusion is lower than solidification temperature, become the cross section of profiled member a layer thickness, terminate one layer deposition material rapid solidification and with adjacent material molding bonded, shaped platform is at the height of Z axis Move Up One Layer, carry out the deposition of next layer, so successively pile up and form 3 D workpiece。

Embodiment 8

A kind of fibre-grade is based on the 3D Method of printing of reactive extrursion, mixture by auxiliary agent carbamate that lactam monomers lauric lactam and internal ester monomer dodecalactone and addition are 5wt% and carbonic ester, wherein the mass ratio of carbamate and carbonic ester is 1:2, and the mixture of the plasticizer phthalic acid dibutyl ester that addition is 36wt% and citrate, the wherein mass ratio 1:3 of dibutyl phthalate and citrate；It is at 160 DEG C, carry out polyreaction in temperature under the mixture (wherein the mass ratio of sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide is 2:1) of the catalyst sodium hydroxide that addition is 0.9wt% and potassium hydroxide acts on after melted, obtaining number-average molecular weight is the subject polymer of 10000, polyreaction completes in screw extruder, and screw extruder includes screw rod, connects the extruder motor of screw rod, heating collar, temperature sensor and dosing pump；Screw rod is single screw rod, and draw ratio is 30, uniform pitch, and helical angle is 14 °, and spiral groove depth is 3.5mm, and surface roughness is Ra0.4；The extruder motor connecting screw rod is fixedly mounted on the right side of screw rod, is fixed by vertically supporting axle；Heating collar and temperature sensor are arranged on outside screw rod；Then subject polymer is printed through fusion sediment 3D, successively pile up and form 3 D workpiece；3 D workpiece obtains final products after keeping 10min at 150 DEG C, 3D prints and adopts 3 D-printing machine, controlling and drive system including the Screw Extrusion mechanism set gradually, three-dimensional motion mechanism, workbench mechanism and computer, Screw Extrusion mechanism maintains static relative to work platforms and profiled member；Workbench mechanism is arranged on three-dimensional motion mechanism；It is automatically controlling and driving for complete machine that computer controls with drive system；Three-dimensional motion mechanism is made up of X-axis motion, Y-axis motion and Z axis motion；X-axis motion includes X-axis motor and lead screw guide rails composition；Y-axis motion includes y-axis motor and lead screw guide rails composition；Z axis motion includes Z axis motor and lead screw guide rails composition；X-axis is supported and fixed on Y-axis feed screw nut, and Y-axis is supported and fixed on shaping work platform frame, and Z axis is vertically fixed on pedestal；Workbench mechanism is made up of shaping work platform, shaping work platform frame and leveling nut；Shaping work stage+module, on X-axis motion, has suitable coefficient of friction, it is possible to well fixing ground floor printed material；Shaping work platform frame is connected with described Y-axis motion, simultaneously affixed with Z axis moving slide block, it is possible to do upper and lower rectilinear motion with Z axis；Leveling nut can regulate the height of molding work platforms, it is ensured that the perpendicularity requirement to shower nozzle discharging opening of the shaping work platform plane；Screw Extrusion mechanism is vertical or horizontal, and it includes material feed drum, screw extrusion apparatus and the nozzle system being connected with screw extrusion apparatus；Material feed drum includes the material feed drum being connected with screw extrusion apparatus, and the rounded funnel-form of material feed drum, outside arranges drying heater；Nozzle system is made up of conveyance conduit, nozzle, rotating disk, stop valve and chiller；Nozzle is installed on conveyance conduit end, and nozzle number includes 6, and it is shaped as rhombus, and nozzle comprises 600 spray orifices, spray orifice is shaped as Y shape, and spray orifice outlet diameter is 300 μm, simultaneously nozzle chiller installed above, chiller is ring blowing, and pathogenic wind-warm is 15 DEG C, and wind speed is 0.1m/s；Stop valve is installed on above the chiller of shower nozzle；

The step that concrete 3D prints includes:

(1) adopt CAM software design product figure on computers, then carry out the AUTOMATIC ZONING slicing treatment of model, obtain the panel data information of each processing aspect, and be converted into the coordinate G code of molding；

(2) described subject polymer is fed forward, and controlled and by nozzle system extrusion to shaped platform by dosing pump accurate quantification, shaped platform does X-Y plane motion under computer system control, the translational speed of shaped platform is 10000mm/s, dosing pump melt flow is 0.1L/h, and precision is-0.1%；Curing molding is started after the temperature of polymer of extrusion is lower than solidification temperature, become the cross section of profiled member a layer thickness, terminate one layer deposition material rapid solidification and with adjacent material molding bonded, shaped platform is at the height of Z axis Move Up One Layer, carry out the deposition of next layer, so successively pile up and form 3 D workpiece。

Embodiment 9

A kind of fibre-grade is based on the 3D Method of printing of reactive extrursion; by the mixture of the auxiliary agent vinylcaprolactam of mass ratio to be the valerolactam of 1:1, caprolactam and addition be 5wt% and plasticizer clay that addition is 35wt% and rare earth, the wherein mass ratio 4:3 of clay and rare earth；It is at 300 DEG C, carry out polyreaction in temperature under the catalyst sodium hydroxide effect that addition is 0.01wt% after melted, obtaining number-average molecular weight is the subject polymer of 20000, polyreaction completes in screw extruder, and screw extruder includes screw rod, connects the extruder motor of screw rod, heating collar, temperature sensor and dosing pump；Screw rod is single screw rod, and draw ratio is 12, uniform pitch, and helical angle is 14 °, and spiral groove depth is 1.5mm, and surface roughness is Ra0.8；The extruder motor connecting screw rod is fixedly mounted on the right side of screw rod, is fixed by vertically supporting axle；Heating collar and temperature sensor are arranged on outside screw rod；Then subject polymer is printed through fusion sediment 3D, successively pile up and form 3 D workpiece；3 D workpiece obtains final products after keeping 60min at 100 DEG C, 3D prints and adopts 3 D-printing machine, controlling and drive system including the Screw Extrusion mechanism set gradually, three-dimensional motion mechanism, workbench mechanism and computer, Screw Extrusion mechanism maintains static relative to work platforms and profiled member；Workbench mechanism is arranged on three-dimensional motion mechanism；It is automatically controlling and driving for complete machine that computer controls with drive system；Three-dimensional motion mechanism is made up of X-axis motion, Y-axis motion and Z axis motion；X-axis motion includes X-axis motor and lead screw guide rails composition；Y-axis motion includes y-axis motor and lead screw guide rails composition；Z axis motion includes Z axis motor and lead screw guide rails composition；X-axis is supported and fixed on Y-axis feed screw nut, and Y-axis is supported and fixed on shaping work platform frame, and Z axis is vertically fixed on pedestal；Workbench mechanism is made up of shaping work platform, shaping work platform frame and leveling nut；Shaping work stage+module, on X-axis motion, has suitable coefficient of friction, it is possible to well fixing ground floor printed material；Shaping work platform frame is connected with described Y-axis motion, simultaneously affixed with Z axis moving slide block, it is possible to do upper and lower rectilinear motion with Z axis；Leveling nut can regulate the height of molding work platforms, it is ensured that the perpendicularity requirement to shower nozzle discharging opening of the shaping work platform plane；Screw Extrusion mechanism is vertical or horizontal, and it includes material feed drum, screw extrusion apparatus and the nozzle system being connected with screw extrusion apparatus；Material feed drum includes the material feed drum being connected with screw extrusion apparatus, and the rounded funnel-form of material feed drum, outside arranges drying heater；Nozzle system is made up of conveyance conduit, nozzle, rotating disk, stop valve and chiller；Nozzle is installed on conveyance conduit end, and nozzle number includes one, and it is generally circular in shape, and nozzle comprises 1 spray orifice, spray orifice is generally circular in shape, and spray orifice outlet diameter is 500 μm, simultaneously nozzle chiller installed above, chiller is ring blowing, and pathogenic wind-warm is 15 DEG C, and wind speed is 0.01m/s；Stop valve is installed on above the chiller of shower nozzle；

The step that concrete 3D prints includes:

(1) adopt CAM software design product figure on computers, then carry out the AUTOMATIC ZONING slicing treatment of model, obtain the panel data information of each processing aspect, and be converted into the coordinate G code of molding；

(2) described subject polymer is fed forward, and controlled and by nozzle system extrusion to shaped platform by dosing pump accurate quantification, shaped platform does X-Y plane motion under computer system control, the translational speed of shaped platform is 500mm/s, dosing pump melt flow is 3000L/h, and precision is 0.1%；Curing molding is started after the temperature of polymer of extrusion is lower than solidification temperature, become the cross section of profiled member a layer thickness, terminate one layer deposition material rapid solidification and with adjacent material molding bonded, shaped platform is at the height of Z axis Move Up One Layer, carry out the deposition of next layer, so successively pile up and form 3 D workpiece。

Claims (10)

1. fibre-grade is based on a 3D Method of printing for reactive extrursion, it is characterized in that: carry out polyreaction under catalyst action after melted to lactam monomers and/or internal ester monomer and auxiliary agent, plasticizer, it is thus achieved that subject polymer；Then described subject polymer is printed through fusion sediment 3D, successively pile up and form 3 D workpiece；Described 3 D workpiece after heat treatment obtains final products；

Described plasticizer is more than one in dibutyl phthalate, citrate, gallium chloride, lithium chloride, calcium chloride, clay, rare earth；

Described heat treatment refers to and keeps 3-60min at 100-180 DEG C。

2. a kind of fibre-grade according to claim 1 is based on the 3D Method of printing of reactive extrursion, it is characterized in that, described lactam monomers is more than one in valerolactam, caprolactam, oenantholcatam, spicy inner formyl amine, certain herbaceous plants with big flowers lactams, ten lactams, 11 lactams, lauric lactam；Described internal ester monomer is more than one in valerolactone, caprolactone, heptalactone, caprylolactone, certain herbaceous plants with big flowers lactone, ten lactones, undecalactone, dodecalactone；Described catalyst is more than one in sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, organo-metallic compound；Described organo-metallic compound is the stable compound that a kind of combination in a kind of and sodium in methyl, ethyl, propyl group, butyl, phenyl, potassium, calcium, magnesium is formed；Described auxiliary agent is more than one in vinylcaprolactam, isocyanates, carbamate, carbonic ester and sulphonic acid ester。

3. a kind of fibre-grade according to claim 1 is based on the 3D Method of printing of reactive extrursion, it is characterized in that, the temperature of described polyreaction is 150-300 DEG C, catalyst loading is 0.01-1wt%, additive dosage is 0.1-5wt%, described plasticizer addition is 10-40wt%, and the number-average molecular weight of described subject polymer is 1000-20000。

4. a kind of fibre-grade according to claim 1 is based on the 3D Method of printing of reactive extrursion, it is characterized in that, described polyreaction completes in screw extruder, and described screw extruder includes screw rod, connects the extruder motor of screw rod, heating collar, temperature sensor and dosing pump；Described screw rod is the one in single screw rod, twin screw, three screw rods, and draw ratio is 12-48, uniform pitch, and helical angle is 14-18 °, and spiral groove depth is 1.5-3.5mm, and surface roughness is Ra0.4-0.8；The extruder motor of described connection screw rod is fixedly mounted on the right side of screw rod, is fixed by vertically supporting axle；Described heating collar and temperature sensor are arranged on outside screw rod。

5. a kind of fibre-grade according to claim 1 is based on the 3D Method of printing of reactive extrursion, it is characterised in that the step that described 3D prints includes:

(1) adopt CAD or CAM software design product figure on computers, then carry out the AUTOMATIC ZONING slicing treatment of model, obtain the panel data information of each processing aspect, and be converted into the coordinate G code of molding；

(2) described subject polymer is fed forward, and is controlled by dosing pump accurate quantification and extruded to shaped platform by nozzle system, and shaped platform does X-Y plane motion under computer system control；Curing molding is started after the temperature of polymer of extrusion is lower than solidification temperature, become the cross section of profiled member a layer thickness, terminate one layer deposition material rapid solidification and with adjacent material molding bonded, shaped platform is at the height of Z axis Move Up One Layer, carry out the deposition of next layer, so successively pile up and form 3 D workpiece。

6. a kind of fibre-grade according to claim 5 is based on the 3D Method of printing of reactive extrursion, it is characterised in that the translational speed of described shaped platform is 10-10000mm/s；Described dosing pump melt flow is 0.1-3000L/h, and precision is ± 0.1%。

7. a kind of fibre-grade according to claim 1 is based on the 3D Method of printing of reactive extrursion, it is characterized in that, described 3D prints and adopts 3 D-printing machine, controlling and drive system including the Screw Extrusion mechanism set gradually, three-dimensional motion mechanism, workbench mechanism and computer, described Screw Extrusion mechanism maintains static relative to work platforms and profiled member；Described workbench mechanism is arranged on three-dimensional motion mechanism；It is automatically controlling and driving for complete machine that described computer controls with drive system。

8. a kind of fibre-grade according to claim 7 is based on the 3D Method of printing of reactive extrursion, it is characterised in that described three-dimensional motion mechanism is made up of X-axis motion, Y-axis motion and Z axis motion；Described X-axis motion includes X-axis motor and lead screw guide rails composition；Described Y-axis motion includes y-axis motor and lead screw guide rails composition；Described Z axis motion includes Z axis motor and lead screw guide rails composition；Described X-axis is supported and fixed on Y-axis feed screw nut, and Y-axis is supported and fixed on shaping work platform frame, and Z axis is vertically fixed on pedestal。

9. a kind of fibre-grade according to claim 7 is based on the 3D Method of printing of reactive extrursion, it is characterised in that described workbench mechanism is made up of shaping work platform, shaping work platform frame and leveling nut；Described shaping work stage+module, on described X-axis motion, has suitable coefficient of friction, it is possible to well fixing ground floor printed material；Described shaping work platform frame is connected with described Y-axis motion, simultaneously affixed with Z axis moving slide block, it is possible to do upper and lower rectilinear motion with Z axis；Described leveling nut can regulate the height of molding work platforms, it is ensured that the perpendicularity requirement to shower nozzle discharging opening of the shaping work platform plane。

10. a kind of fibre-grade according to claim 7 is based on the 3D Method of printing of reactive extrursion, it is characterised in that described Screw Extrusion mechanism is vertical or horizontal, and it includes material feed drum, screw extrusion apparatus and the nozzle system being connected with screw extrusion apparatus；Described material feed drum includes the material feed drum being connected with screw extrusion apparatus, and the rounded funnel-form of material feed drum, outside arranges drying heater；Described nozzle system is made up of conveyance conduit, nozzle, rotating disk, stop valve and chiller；Described nozzle is installed on conveyance conduit end, nozzle number at least includes one, it is generally circular in shape, one or more in rectangle, triangle, rhombus, comprising 1-1000 spray orifice on nozzle, spray orifice is generally circular in shape, one or more in rectangle, triangle, rhombus, cross, in-line, Y shape, and spray orifice outlet diameter is 10-500 μm, nozzle chiller installed above simultaneously, chiller is ring blowing or cross air blasting, and pathogenic wind-warm is 15-25 DEG C, and wind speed is 0.01-0.1m/s；Described stop valve is installed on above the chiller of shower nozzle。