CN105204066A - Spectral decomposition-based method for directly indicating intrusion position of igneous rock into coal seam - Google Patents
Spectral decomposition-based method for directly indicating intrusion position of igneous rock into coal seam Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a spectral decomposition-based method for directly indicating an intrusion position of igneous rock into a coal seam, and belongs to methods for indicating intrusion positions of igneous rock into coal seams. The method comprises the following steps: 1) picking coal seam reflected wave lineups on the conventional three-dimensional seismic data volume through man-machine interaction; 2) extracting coal seam reflected wave data along the coal seam reflected wave lineups to generate sub-data volumes; 3) performing spectral decomposition on seismic traces in the sub-data volumes by use of a spectral decomposition algorithm to obtain corresponding time-frequency spectrums; 4) searching the maximum response values of all frequency curves at each time-frequency spectrum, and drawing a cross plot via times and frequencies corresponding to the maximum response values; 5) fitting scattered points in the cross plot through a linear regression analysis method to obtain intercepts and gradient values; 6) drawing a cross plot through the intercepts and the gradient values of all seismic traces to indicate an intrusion position of igneous rock. The method is true and reliable in prediction, scientific and simple in forecasting method, quantitative and visual in forecasting result, and high in precision, and can meet high yield and efficient stoping requirements on the coal seams in a mining area of a coal mine.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of coal seam pyrogenic rock method for indicating position, particularly a kind of direct indicating means in Igneous rock invasion position, coal seam based on spectral factorization.
Background technology
In a lot of coal mining enterprise of China, there is more serious Igneous rock invasion problem in its main mining coal seam.Except part coal seam is substituted completely by the pyrogenic rock that invades, most of coal seam only part is substituted by the pyrogenic rock invaded.When the pyrogenic rock Some substitute coal seam invaded, its position in coal seam mainly contains three kinds, i.e. top, bottom and middle part.
Because the hardness of pyrogenic rock is much larger than the hardness in coal seam, during down-hole coal excavation, the plant equipment such as cutting coal machine are easy to the accelerated wear test because cutting pyrogenic rock, also reduce coal cutting efficiency simultaneously, thus cause larger economic loss.Before the back production of coal seam, if can Accurate Prediction invade the accurate location of pyrogenic rock in coal seam.In the coal seam back production design phase, the impact of coal seam Igneous rock invasion factor just can be considered in advance.By optimizing coal seam back production design, the mechanical accelerated wear test avoiding generation coal winning machinery to cause because cutting pyrogenic rock and production efficiency reduce.
For the prediction of Igneous rock invasion position, coal seam, current most popular method is borehole standardization method.Namely by the Igneous rock invasion position, coal seam in exploiting field disclosed by existing boring, the Igneous rock invasion position, coal seam in prediction exploiting field.Because coal seam is relative to its roof and floor country rock and pyrogenic rock, softer.Pyrogenic rock is when invaded coal layer, and it invades position because of the difference of locus, more violent change may occur.Therefore, by the pyrogenic rock position of borehole standardization invaded coal layer, precision is lower, and reliability is poor.
On the other hand, pyrogenic rock, when invaded coal layer, generally can invade along coal seam.Therefore, the pyrogenic rock in invaded coal layer is the same with coal seam, in layered distribution, forms sill.When carrying out coalfield 3-d seismic exploration, and though coal seam whether invade by pyrogenic rock, generally all can have good coal seam reflection wave.Different from normal coal seam reflection wave, when containing the pyrogenic rock invaded in coal seam, all can there is corresponding change in the kinematics of coal seam reflection wave and dynamic characteristic.And, certain difference can be there is because of the difference of Igneous rock invasion position in the change of kinematics and dynamic characteristic.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide one to have prediction true, reliable, Forecasting Methodology science, the simple and direct direct indicating means in Igneous rock invasion position, coal seam based on spectral factorization.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: the direct indicating means in pyrogenic rock position: 1) by man-machine interaction, and conventional three-dimensional seismic data volume picks up coal seam reflection line-ups; 2) according to the feature of coal seam reflection wave, extract coal seam reflected waveform data along coal seam reflection line-ups, generate subdata body; 3) utilize spectral factorization algorithm, each seismic trace in subdata body carries out spectral factorization, obtains corresponding time-frequency spectrum; 4) for each time-frequency spectrum, search for the maximum response of its each frequency curve, time corresponding for maximum response and frequency are depicted as X plot; 5) utilize linear regression analysis method, the loose point in matching X plot, obtain intercept and Grad; 6) intercept of all seismic traces and Grad are depicted as X plot, according to the position of each seismic trace in X plot, directly indicate the intrusion position of pyrogenic rock.
The direct indicating means in pyrogenic rock position, concrete steps are as follows:
1) by man-machine interaction, conventional three-dimensional seismic data volume picks up coal seam reflection line-ups;
Concrete grammar is as follows: 1. collect existing well-log information in exploiting field, makes theogram; 2. theogram and well lie are contrasted, identify position and the phase place of coal seam reflection wave; 3. using the reflection wave position, coal seam identified and phase place as reference mark, utilize man-machine interaction at whole district's pickup coal seam reflection line-ups;
2) according to the feature of coal seam reflection wave, extract coal seam reflected waveform data along coal seam reflection line-ups, generate subdata body;
Concrete grammar is as follows: 1. according to the feature of coal seam reflection wave, determines time window upper bound when data are extracted, time window lower bound and time window length; 2. the time window function of extraction is defined as bell-shaped Gaussian window; 3. along the coal seam reflection line-ups of mutual pickup, extract the coal seam reflected waveform data of each seismic trace successively, generate subdata body;
3) utilize spectral factorization algorithm, each seismic trace in subdata body carries out spectral factorization, obtains corresponding time-frequency spectrum;
Concrete grammar is as follows: 1. extract every coal seam reflected waveform data together in subdata body; 2. according to the feature of coal seam reflection wave, the initial frequency of choose reasonable time-frequency spectrum, parameter such as termination frequency and step-length etc.; 3. choosing suitable spectral factorization algorithm, is wavelet transformation or S-transformation etc.; 4. the time-frequency spectrum of each seismic trace in data volume is calculated;
4) for each time-frequency spectrum, search for the maximum response of its each frequency curve, time corresponding for maximum response and frequency are depicted as X plot;
Concrete grammar is as follows: the maximum response 1. searching for each frequency curve in time-frequency spectrum; 2. the time that each frequency curve maximum response is corresponding is read; 3. be horizontal ordinate with frequency, time that maximum response is corresponding is ordinate, draw X plot;
5) utilize linear regression analysis method, the loose point in matching X plot, calculate intercept and Grad;
Concrete grammar is as follows: 1. according to the feature of loose some distribution in X plot, choose the data area of linear regression, initial frequency elects 20Hz as, stops frequency and elects 100Hz as; 2. according to principle of least square method, linear regression is carried out to the loose point in data area; 3. according to the straight-line equation that linear regression obtains, the intercept of digital simulation straight line and Grad;
6) intercept of all seismic traces and Grad are depicted as X plot, according to the position of each seismic trace in X plot, directly indicate the intrusion position of pyrogenic rock;
Concrete grammar is as follows: 1. the intercept corresponding to all seismic traces and gradient are sorted successively; 2. the X plot of intercept and gradient is drawn; 3. according to the characteristic distributions of point loose in X plot, definition threshold line, preliminary instruction Igneous rock invasion position; 4. will tentatively indicate result and known boring exposure situation to contrast, whether the threshold line of checking definition be reasonable; If 5. reasonable, then tentatively instruction pyrogenic rock position is the direct instruction of Igneous rock invasion position, coal seam; If unreasonable, then redefine threshold line, repeat step 4. until obtain satisfactory result.
Beneficial effect, owing to have employed such scheme, by extracting kinematics and the dynamic characteristic of coal seam reflection wave, the intrusion position of prediction coal seam pyrogenic rock, carries out spectral factorization to coal seam reflection wave, obtains the time-frequency spectrum of coal seam reflection wave; Recycling linear regression analysis, quantitatively obtains the variation relation of time corresponding to coal seam reflection wave response maximal value with wavelet frequency; Finally, by setting threshold line, the intrusion position of pyrogenic rock in coal seam is directly indicated; The 3D seismic data space lattice density of mine district, much larger than the space lattice density of boring, improves the precision of prediction of Igneous rock invasion position, coal seam.
1) predict that achievement is more directly perceived, directly corresponding with the intrusion position of coal seam pyrogenic rock.The Igneous rock invasion position in the direct corresponding coal seam of prediction achievement of the present invention, namely in corresponding coal seam pyrogenic rock be from top, bottom or middle part invaded coal layer.Therefore, the design instructing coal seam stoping scheme can be directly used in, be conducive to the accelerated wear test reducing the plant equipment such as cutting coal machine, be also conducive to the raising of coal seam back production efficiency.
2) precision of detection of coal seam Igneous rock invasion position is higher.Because the present invention uses 3-d seismic data set when predicting, the space sampling densities of data will much larger than drill hole density.Therefore, more accurate for portraying of Igneous rock invasion position, coal seam, obviously reduce predict the teeter of Igneous rock invasion position, coal seam, predict that the teeter of Igneous rock invasion position, coal seam is less than 20m.
3) reliability detecting achievement is higher.Because raw data of the present invention is 3D seismic data instead of drilling data, the space sampling densities of data reaches 5m × 5m, even higher.Therefore, there is higher reliability and predictablity rate.
4) Forecasting Methodology is simple, and production efficiency is higher.
Advantage: the precision of prediction that improve Igneous rock invasion position, coal seam, the quantitative forecast of Igneous rock invasion position, coal seam, mine district is made to become possibility, there is prediction true, reliable, Forecasting Methodology science, simple and direct, predict the outcome quantitatively, the feature such as directly perceived, high precision, meet the requirement of the highly efficient and productive back production in coal seam, mine district completely.
Accompanying drawing illustrates:
Fig. 1 is that schematic diagram is picked up alternately in reflection wave layer position, coal seam of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the corresponding time-frequency spectrum schematic diagram of coal seam of the present invention reflection wave seismic trace.
Fig. 3 is the frequency-time X plot schematic diagram extracted in time-frequency spectrum of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is linear regression of the present invention rear cut-off distance-gradient X plot schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 is that intercept-gradient X plot of the present invention directly indicates Igneous rock invasion position, coal seam process flow diagram.
In figure: 1, seismic trace; 2, the layer position of mutual pickup; 3, the time window upper bound; 4, time window lower bound; 5, time-frequency spectrum response curve; 6, the maximum of points of time-frequency spectrum response curve; 7, the loose point in frequency-time X plot; 8, linear regression fit straight line; 9, loose some when pyrogenic rock top invades in intercept-gradient X plot; Loose some when 10, invading in the middle part of pyrogenic rock in intercept-gradient X plot; Loose some when 11, invading bottom pyrogenic rock in intercept-gradient X plot; 12, the threshold line that pyrogenic rock top invades and middle part invades; 13, the threshold line that bottom pyrogenic rock, intrusion and middle part invade.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described
Embodiment 1: a kind of direct indicating means in Igneous rock invasion position, coal seam based on spectral factorization comprises the steps:
1) by man-machine interaction, conventional three-dimensional seismic data volume picks up coal seam reflection line-ups; 2) according to the feature of coal seam reflection wave, extract coal seam reflected waveform data along coal seam reflection line-ups, generate subdata body; 3) utilize spectral factorization algorithm, each seismic trace in subdata body carries out spectral factorization, obtains corresponding time-frequency spectrum; 4) for each time-frequency spectrum, search for the maximum response of its each frequency curve, time corresponding for maximum response and frequency are depicted as X plot; 5) utilize linear regression analysis method, the loose point in matching X plot, obtain intercept and Grad; 6) intercept of all seismic traces and Grad are depicted as X plot, according to the position of each seismic trace in X plot, directly indicate the intrusion position of pyrogenic rock.
The direct indicating means in pyrogenic rock position, concrete steps are as follows:
1) by man-machine interaction, conventional three-dimensional seismic data volume picks up coal seam reflection line-ups.Concrete grammar is as follows:
1. collect existing well-log information in exploiting field, make theogram;
2. theogram and well lie are contrasted, identify position and the phase place of coal seam reflection wave;
3. using the reflection wave position, coal seam identified and phase place as reference mark, utilize man-machine interaction at whole district's pickup coal seam reflection line-ups as shown in Figure 1.
2) according to the feature of coal seam reflection wave, extract coal seam reflected waveform data along coal seam reflection line-ups, generate subdata body.Concrete grammar is as follows:
1. according to the feature of coal seam reflection wave, time window upper bound when data are extracted, time window lower bound and time window length (being generally 11ms, 21ms, 31ms or 41ms etc.) is determined, as the lower bound of time window in Fig. 1 and the difference in the upper bound are window length;
2. the time window function of extraction is defined as bell-shaped Gaussian window, its function expression is h (t);
3. along the coal seam reflection line-ups of mutual pickup, extract the coal seam reflected waveform data of each seismic trace successively, calculate according to formula one, generate subdata body.
Subdata (t-t
0)=data (t) * h (t-t
0) formula
Wherein, t
0for the time window upper bound as shown in Figure 1, t is the time that in seismic trace, sampling point is corresponding, the raw data volume data that data (t) is t, and subdata (t) is t subdata volume data.
3) utilize spectral factorization algorithm, each seismic trace in subdata body carries out spectral factorization, obtains corresponding time-frequency spectrum.Concrete grammar is as follows:
1. every coal seam reflected waveform data subdata (t) together in subdata body is extracted;
2. according to the feature of coal seam reflection wave, the initial frequency f of choose reasonable time-frequency spectrum
0, stop frequency f
endwith parameters such as step delta f;
3. suitable spectral factorization algorithm is chosen, as wavelet transformation or S-transformation etc.;
4. utilize formula two, calculate the time-frequency spectrum S (t, f) of each seismic trace in data volume.
The wherein t time, f is frequency, and Ω (τ, f) is generating function during spectral factorization.
4) for each time-frequency spectrum, search for the maximum response of its each frequency curve, time corresponding for maximum response and frequency are depicted as X plot.Concrete grammar is as follows:
1. the maximum response of each frequency curve in time-frequency spectrum is searched for, as shown in Figure 2;
2. the time that each frequency curve maximum response is corresponding is read;
3. be horizontal ordinate with frequency, time that maximum response is corresponding is ordinate, be depicted as X plot as shown in Figure 3.
5) utilize linear regression analysis method, the loose point in matching X plot, calculate intercept and Grad.Concrete grammar is as follows:
1. according to the feature of loose some distribution in X plot, choose the data area of linear regression, general initial frequency elects 20Hz as, stops frequency and elects 100Hz as;
2. according to principle of least square method, linear regression is carried out to the loose point in data area;
3. according to the straight-line equation that linear regression obtains, the intercept of digital simulation straight line and Grad, as shown in formula three.
T=Gf+P formula three
Wherein, t is the time, and f is frequency, and G is gradient, and P is intercept.
6) intercept of all seismic traces and Grad are depicted as X plot, according to the position of each seismic trace in X plot, directly indicate the intrusion position of pyrogenic rock, concrete grammar is as follows:
1. the intercept P corresponding to all seismic traces and gradient G are sorted successively;
2. intercept-gradient X plot is as shown in Figure 4 depicted as;
3. according to the characteristic distributions of point loose in X plot, definition threshold line as shown in Figure 4, preliminary instruction Igneous rock invasion position;
4. will tentatively indicate result and known boring exposure situation to contrast, whether the threshold line of checking definition be reasonable;
If 5. reasonable, then tentatively instruction pyrogenic rock position is the direct instruction of Igneous rock invasion position, coal seam; If unreasonable, then redefine threshold line, repeat step 4. until obtain satisfactory result.Specific implementation process as shown in Figure 5.
Claims (2)
1., based on the direct indicating means in Igneous rock invasion position, coal seam of spectral factorization, it is characterized in that: the direct indicating means in pyrogenic rock position: 1) by man-machine interaction, conventional three-dimensional seismic data volume picks up coal seam reflection line-ups; 2) according to the feature of coal seam reflection wave, extract coal seam reflected waveform data along coal seam reflection line-ups, generate subdata body; 3) utilize spectral factorization algorithm, each seismic trace in subdata body carries out spectral factorization, obtains corresponding time-frequency spectrum; 4) for each time-frequency spectrum, search for the maximum response of its each frequency curve, time corresponding for maximum response and frequency are depicted as X plot; 5) utilize linear regression analysis method, the loose point in matching X plot, obtain intercept and Grad; 6) intercept of all seismic traces and Grad are depicted as X plot, according to the position of each seismic trace in X plot, directly indicate the intrusion position of pyrogenic rock.
2. a kind of direct indicating means in Igneous rock invasion position, coal seam based on spectral factorization according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the described direct indicating means in pyrogenic rock position, concrete steps are as follows:
1) by man-machine interaction, conventional three-dimensional seismic data volume picks up coal seam reflection line-ups;
Concrete grammar is as follows: 1. collect existing well-log information in exploiting field, makes theogram; 2. theogram and well lie are contrasted, identify position and the phase place of coal seam reflection wave; 3. using the reflection wave position, coal seam identified and phase place as reference mark, utilize man-machine interaction at whole district's pickup coal seam reflection line-ups;
2) according to the feature of coal seam reflection wave, extract coal seam reflected waveform data along coal seam reflection line-ups, generate subdata body;
Concrete grammar is as follows: 1. according to the feature of coal seam reflection wave, determines time window upper bound when data are extracted, time window lower bound and time window length; 2. the time window function of extraction is defined as bell-shaped Gaussian window; 3. along the coal seam reflection line-ups of mutual pickup, extract the coal seam reflected waveform data of each seismic trace successively, generate subdata body;
3) utilize spectral factorization algorithm, each seismic trace in subdata body carries out spectral factorization, obtains corresponding time-frequency spectrum;
Concrete grammar is as follows: 1. extract every coal seam reflected waveform data together in subdata body; 2. according to the feature of coal seam reflection wave, the initial frequency of choose reasonable time-frequency spectrum, parameter such as termination frequency and step-length etc.; 3. choosing suitable spectral factorization algorithm, is wavelet transformation or S-transformation etc.; 4. the time-frequency spectrum of each seismic trace in data volume is calculated;
4) for each time-frequency spectrum, search for the maximum response of its each frequency curve, time corresponding for maximum response and frequency are depicted as X plot;
Concrete grammar is as follows: the maximum response 1. searching for each frequency curve in time-frequency spectrum; 2. the time that each frequency curve maximum response is corresponding is read; 3. be horizontal ordinate with frequency, time that maximum response is corresponding is ordinate, draw X plot;
5) utilize linear regression analysis method, the loose point in matching X plot, calculate intercept and Grad;
Concrete grammar is as follows: 1. according to the feature of loose some distribution in X plot, choose the data area of linear regression, initial frequency elects 20Hz as, stops frequency and elects 100Hz as; 2. according to principle of least square method, linear regression is carried out to the loose point in data area; 3. according to the straight-line equation that linear regression obtains, the intercept of digital simulation straight line and Grad;
6) intercept of all seismic traces and Grad are depicted as X plot, according to the position of each seismic trace in X plot, directly indicate the intrusion position of pyrogenic rock;
Concrete grammar is as follows: 1. the intercept corresponding to all seismic traces and gradient are sorted successively; 2. the X plot of intercept and gradient is drawn; 3. according to the characteristic distributions of point loose in X plot, definition threshold line, preliminary instruction Igneous rock invasion position; 4. will tentatively indicate result and known boring exposure situation to contrast, whether the threshold line of checking definition be reasonable; If 5. reasonable, then tentatively instruction pyrogenic rock position is the direct instruction of Igneous rock invasion position, coal seam; If unreasonable, then redefine threshold line, repeat step 4. until obtain satisfactory result.
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