CN103862165B

CN103862165B - A kind of metal laminate laser coordinates bending method

Info

Publication number: CN103862165B
Application number: CN201410109129.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王续跃; 池闪闪; 马旭鹏; 徐文骥; 王连吉
Original assignee: Dalian University of Technology
Current assignee: Dalian University of Technology
Priority date: 2014-03-21
Filing date: 2014-03-21
Publication date: 2015-08-19
Anticipated expiration: 2034-03-21
Also published as: CN103862165A

Abstract

The invention provides a kind of metal laminate laser and coordinate bending method, belong to composite laminated plate heating shaping technical field.One end holder of laminate, the fixture of holding sheet plywood is placed on the workbench of laser machine, the laser power scope 60-100W of laser beam, sweep speed scope 600-1000mm/min, move on the clad surface of laminate along the scan line set, stress mutation is produced in spot area, apply auxiliary thermal source for stress mutation district to move with laser beam, according to the stress distribution on faying face, the energy input of adjustment auxiliary thermal source, when stress mutation increases, the energy reducing auxiliary thermal source inputs at faying face, when stress mutation reduces, the energy increasing auxiliary thermal source inputs at faying face, suppress the stress mutation on faying face, realize the shaping angle of bend of expection, meet the technical requirement that faying face does not produce defect, make metal laminate thermal bending harmonious.

Description

A kind of metal laminate laser coordinates bending method

Technical field

The invention belongs to composite laminated plate heating shaping technical field, particularly a kind of metal laminate laser coordinates bending method, is applied in the LASER HEATING bending formings such as the bulkhead part of high-end vehicle.

Background technology

Metal laminate is the ideal material preparing Novel groove type bulkhead part.Metal laminate plate be by two or more, there is different materials, the metal material compound of Physical and mechanical properties is prepared from, it had both kept the original performance characteristic of layers of material, had again in material, mechanics and the mechanical properties feature more superior than homogenous material.Due to the development of aviation, ocean engineering, require that material has high strength, high-modulus, the performance such as high temperature resistant, propose requirements at the higher level to the proportion of material, toughness, the performance such as wear-resisting, anti-corrosion, even some special material requires that the strength of materials, elastic modelling quantity increase, but proportion reduces.Novel groove type bulkhead part is made up of metal laminate, this laminate has the feature that different materials face combines and there is sudden change along thickness of slab direction material, mechanics and engineering properties, cause its forming accuracy, difficult quality accurately controls, even lost efficacy, limited the carrying capacity of the high-end equipment such as aircraft, sub aqua diving device.

Relative to flame forming plate technique, metal laminate LASER HEATING energy more easily controls, so, bending precision and quality higher.Corrugated bulkhead part thermal bending for metal laminate is shaped, adopt and coordinate curved super-long structure, in laser bend forming for metal laminate plate (thickness of slab 1.2-12mm) (angle of bend scope 33 °-55 °), set up controlled laminate laser energy input, TRANSFER MODEL and process control method, use laser energy pattern superposition conversion, metal laminate internal stress sudden change during suppression laser bending, prevent faying face local wrinkling, crack initiation, expansion and the inefficacy such as to peel off, obtain the plate shape meeting engineering and require, obvious advantage is had than other thermal source.Metal laminate laser of the present invention coordinates bending research, producing stress mutation problem when solution Fast Heating being bent, to enriching metal laminate sheet material Forming Theory and technology, promoting metal laminate extensive use, save rare precious metal resource, there is theory significance and using value.

Summary of the invention

Material is there is along thickness of slab direction for metal laminate, physical property difference, cause in laser bend forming, there is mechanics and mechanical performance sudden change, the present invention adopts a kind of metal laminate laser to coordinate bending method, its characteristics of principle is: during coating 5 surface heating of additional laser beam 3 pairs of metal laminates 1, the energy of coating 5 absorbing laser bundle 3, power conversion is become heat, transmit in metal laminate 1, basic unit 7 is imported into through faying face 6, form stress distribution 9, because material is different, usual meeting produces stress mutation district 8 on faying face 6, when laser bending laminate, this stress mutation easily makes to produce wrinkle between faying face, the defects such as crackle.Thus, in above-mentioned LASER HEATING BENDING PROCESS, produce stress mutation in spot area, add auxiliary thermal source 10 for stress mutation district 8 to move with laser beam 3, by laser energy pattern superposition transform method, suppress the stress mutation on faying face 6, make metal laminate realize coordinating to bend.

The invention provides a kind of metal laminate laser and coordinate bending method, concrete grammar is as follows:

One end fixture 2 of metal laminate 1 is clamped, the fixture 2 of clamping metal laminate 1 is placed on the workbench of laser machine, the energy hole of laser beam 3 is in the scope on not damage layer plywood surface, laser power scope 60-100W, sweep speed scope 600-1000mm/min, move on the surface along the scan line 4 set at the coating 5 of metal laminate, stress mutation is produced in spot area, applying for stress mutation district 8 can beam splitting, with coaxial laser instrument of blowing as auxiliary thermal source, moving with laser beam 3 (can synchronizing moving, also can set a time difference moves), according to the stress distribution on faying face 6, the energy input of adjustment auxiliary thermal source 10, when stress mutation increases, the energy reducing auxiliary thermal source 10 inputs at faying face 6, when stress mutation reduces, the energy increasing auxiliary thermal source 10 inputs at faying face 6, thus suppress the stress mutation on faying face 6, while the shaping angle of bend 11 realizing expection, meet the technical requirement that faying face 6 does not produce defect, make metal laminate thermal bending harmonious.

The invention has the beneficial effects as follows additional auxiliary thermal source, for the state that stress mutation reduces, increase the energy input of auxiliary thermal source 10, for the state that stress mutation increases, reduce the laser energy input of auxiliary thermal source 10, acquisition energy input form (i.e. Temperature-Stress-Strain Distribution) is superior, the distribution of the energy model of stability, this metal laminate laser coordinates bending method, in suppressing the traditional heating of metal laminate bending, the defects such as wrinkling, crackle are easily produced between faying face, and improve " " type wallboard part laser bend forming precision and quality, laser bending angle error is less than 0.1 °.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 metal laminate laser bending schematic diagram.

Fig. 2 laser energy increases or reduces process schematic diagram.

In figure: 1 metal laminate; 2 fixtures; 3 laser beams; 4 scan lines; 5 coating; 6 faying faces; 7 basic units; 8 stress mutation districts; 9 stress distribution; 10 auxiliary thermal sources; 11 angle of bends; Stress sign; + direct stress;-negative stress.

Detailed description of the invention

Combination technology scheme and accompanying drawing describe the specific embodiment of the present invention in detail.

Corrugated bulkhead part thermal bending for metal laminate is shaped, adopt and coordinate bending forming method, for in the LASER HEATING bending forming of metal laminate plate, foundation can describe the input of metal laminate laser energy, crimping and transfer processes and control method, use laser energy pattern superposition conversion, metal laminate internal stress sudden change when suppressing laser bending, prevents that faying face local is wrinkling, crack initiation, expands and the inefficacy such as to peel off, obtain the plate shape meeting engineering and require.Its detailed embodiment is as follows:

The metal laminate plate material that can be used for bending forming has multiple combination form, such as, and stainless steel and carbon steel laminate, titanium alloy-carbon steel layer plywood, aluminium alloy-carbon steel layer plywood etc., laminate combination and preparation also have various ways, can be doubling plate, can be three ply board, even multi-layer sheet etc.A kind of metal laminate laser coordinates bending method, first, one end fixture 2 of metal laminate 1 is clamped, then, laser beam 3 moves on the surface along the coating 5 of predetermined scan line 4 at laminate, the energy of coating 5 absorbing laser bundle 3, power conversion is become heat, transmit in metal laminate 1, basic unit 7 is imported into through faying face 6, form stress distribution 9, because coating 5 is different with the material of basic unit 7, the faying face 6 of usual meeting in spot area produces stress mutation district 8, when laser bending laminate, this stress mutation easily makes to produce wrinkle between faying face, the defects such as crackle.When laser bending metal laminate, one end of curved object is located, install and clamping, and be placed in laser machine, be 80W in laser power, sweep speed is under the laser energy parameter of 800mm/min, laser beam 3 scans mobile on the surface of laminate coating 5 along the scan line 4 set, and additional in stress mutation district can beam splitting, with coaxial laser instrument of blowing as auxiliary thermal source, moving with laser beam 3 (can synchronizing moving, also can set a time difference moves), according to the stress distribution situation on metal laminate faying face, control auxiliary thermal source energy input size, for the state that stress mutation reduces, increase the energy input of auxiliary thermal source 10, for the state that stress mutation increases, reduce the energy input of auxiliary thermal source 10.Adopt this method for the metal laminate plate of different thickness of slab 1.2-12mm through the repeatedly multiple scanning of about 10-100 time, or shuttle-scanning, obtain differently curved angle 33 °-55 °.This metal laminate laser coordinates bending method, can obtain the energy model superposition distribution that energy input form (i.e. Temperature-Stress-Strain Distribution) is superior, stable, suppress the generation of faying face crack defect, significantly improve " " type wallboard part laser bend forming precision and quality, laser bending angle error is less than 0.1 °.

Claims

1. a metal laminate laser coordinates bending method, it is characterized in that, by one end holder of metal laminate, the fixture of clamping metal laminate is placed on the workbench of laser machine, the laser power scope 60-100W of laser beam, sweep speed scope 600-1000mm/min, move on the clad surface of metal laminate along the scan line set, faying face in spot area produces stress mutation, auxiliary thermal source is applied for the stress mutation district on faying face, this auxiliary thermal source moves with laser beam, according to the stress distribution on faying face, the energy input of adjustment auxiliary thermal source, when stress mutation increases, the energy reducing auxiliary thermal source inputs at faying face, when stress mutation reduces, the energy increasing auxiliary thermal source inputs at faying face, thus the stress mutation on suppression faying face, while the shaping angle of bend realizing expection, meet the technical requirement that faying face does not produce defect, make metal laminate thermal bending harmonious.

2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described auxiliary thermal source be can beam splitting, with coaxial laser instrument of blowing.