CN103862165A

CN103862165A - Bending method of metal laminate in coordination with laser

Info

Publication number: CN103862165A
Application number: CN201410109129.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王续跃; 池闪闪; 马旭鹏; 徐文骥; 王连吉
Original assignee: Dalian University of Technology
Current assignee: Dalian University of Technology
Priority date: 2014-03-21
Filing date: 2014-03-21
Publication date: 2014-06-18
Anticipated expiration: 2034-03-21
Also published as: CN103862165B

Abstract

The invention provides a bending method of a metal laminate in coordination with laser, and belongs to the technical field of heating and forming a composite laminate. The bending method is characterized in that one end of the laminate is clamped by a clamp, the clamp which is used for clamping the laminate is arranged on a working platform of a laser machining machine, the laser power range of a laser beam is 60-100 W, the scanning speed range of the laser beam is 600-1000 mm/min, the laser beam moves on the surface of a covering layer of the laminate along a set scanning line, stress mutation is generated in a light spot area, an auxiliary heat source is applied to a stress mutation area and moves along with the laser beam, the energy input of the auxiliary heat source is adjusted according to a stress distribution state on a combination surface, the energy input of the auxiliary heat source on the combination surface is reduced when the stress mutation is increased, the energy input of the auxiliary heat source on the combination surface is increased when the stress mutation is reduced, the stress mutation on the combination surface is restrained, a prospective forming and bending angle is realized, the technical requirement that no defect is generated on the combination surface is met, and thus the heating and the bending of the metal laminate are coordinated to be consistent.

Description

A kind of metal laminate laser is coordinated bending method

Technical field

The invention belongs to composite laminated plate heating shaping technical field, particularly a kind of metal laminate laser is coordinated bending method, is applied in the LASER HEATING bending forming such as bulkhead part of high-end vehicle.

Background technology

Metal laminate is the ideal material of preparing Novel groove type bulkhead part.Metal laminate plate is compound being prepared from of metal material by two or more with different materials, Physical and mechanical properties, it had both kept the original performance characteristic of layers of material, had again the feature more superior than homogenous material in material, mechanics and mechanical properties.Due to the development of aviation, ocean engineering, require material to there is high strength, high-modulus, the performance such as high temperature resistant, proportion to material, toughness, the performance such as wear-resisting, anti-corrosion have proposed requirements at the higher level, and even some special material requires strength of materials, elastic modelling quantity to increase, but proportion reduces.Novel groove type bulkhead part is made up of metal laminate, this laminate has the combination of different materials face and has the feature of sudden change along thickness of slab direction material, mechanics and engineering properties, cause its forming accuracy, difficult quality accurately to be controlled, even lost efficacy, limited the carrying capacity of the high-end equipment such as aircraft, sub aqua diving device.

With respect to flame forming plate technique, metal laminate LASER HEATING energy is more easily controlled, so bending precision and quality are higher.Corrugated bulkhead part thermal bending for metal laminate is shaped, adopt and coordinate bending forming technique, for the laser bend forming (33 °-55 ° of angle of bend scopes) of metal laminate plate (thickness of slab 1.2-12mm), set up controlled laminate laser energy input, TRANSFER MODEL and process control method, use laser energy pattern stack conversion, metal laminate internal stress sudden change while suppressing laser bending, prevent that faying face part is wrinkling, crack initiation, expansion and the inefficacy such as peel off, acquisition meets the plate shape that engineering requires, there is obvious advantage than other thermal source.Metal laminate laser of the present invention is coordinated bending research, to solve Fast Heating bending time, produce stress mutation problem, to enriching metal laminate sheet material Forming Theory and technology, promote metal laminate extensive use, save rare precious metal resource, there is theory significance and using value.

Summary of the invention

There is material for metal laminate along thickness of slab direction, physical property difference, cause existing mechanics and mechanical performance to suddenly change in laser bend forming, the present invention adopts a kind of metal laminate laser to coordinate bending method, its characteristics of principle is: additional laser beam 3 is during to coating 5 surface heating of metal laminate 1, the energy of coating 5 absorbing laser bundles 3, power conversion is become to heat, in metal laminate 1, transmit, import basic unit 7 into through faying face 6, form stress distribution 9, due to material difference, conventionally can on faying face 6, produce stress mutation district 8, in the time of laser bending laminate, this stress mutation easily makes to produce between faying face wrinkle, defects i.e.cracks.Thereby, in above-mentioned LASER HEATING BENDING PROCESS, produce stress mutation in spot area, follow laser beam 3 to move for the additional auxiliary thermal source 10 in stress mutation district 8, by laser energy pattern stack transform method, suppress the stress mutation on faying face 6, metal laminate is realized and coordinated bending.

The invention provides a kind of metal laminate laser and coordinate bending method, concrete grammar is as follows:

One end of metal laminate 1 is clamped with fixture 2, the fixture 2 of clamping metal laminate 1 is placed on the workbench of laser machine, the energy of laser beam 3 is controlled in the scope of not damaging laminate surface, laser power scope 60-100W, sweep speed scope 600-1000mm/min, move on coating 5 surfaces of metal laminate along the scan line 4 setting, produce stress mutation in spot area, applying for stress mutation district 8 can beam splitting, with coaxial laser instrument of blowing as auxiliary thermal source, moving with laser beam 3 (can synchronizing moving, also can set a time difference moves), according to the stress distribution on faying face 6, adjust the energy input of auxiliary thermal source 10, in the time that stress mutation increases, reducing the energy of auxiliary thermal source 10 inputs at faying face 6, in the time that stress mutation reduces, the energy that increases auxiliary thermal source 10 is inputted at faying face 6, thereby suppress the stress mutation on faying face 6, in realizing the shaping angle of bend 11 of expection, meet the technical requirement that faying face 6 does not produce defect, make metal laminate thermal bending harmonious.

The invention has the beneficial effects as follows additional auxiliary thermal source, the state reducing for stress mutation, increase the energy input of auxiliary thermal source 10, the state increasing for stress mutation, reduce the laser energy input of auxiliary thermal source 10, acquisition energy input form (being Temperature-Stress-stress distribution) is superior, the energy model of stability distributes, this metal laminate laser is coordinated bending method, to suppress in the traditional heating bending of metal laminate, between faying face, easily produce wrinkling, defects i.e.cracks, and improve "

" type wallboard part laser bend forming precision and quality, laser bending angle error is less than 0.1 °.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 metal laminate laser bending schematic diagram.

Fig. 2 laser energy increases or reduces process schematic diagram.

In figure: 1 metal laminate; 2 fixtures; 3 laser beams; 4 scan lines; 5 coating; 6 faying faces; 7 basic units; 8 stress mutation districts; 9 stress distribution; 10 auxiliary thermal sources; 11 angle of bends; Stress sign; + direct stress;-negative stress.

The specific embodiment

Combination technology scheme and accompanying drawing describe the specific embodiment of the present invention in detail.

Corrugated bulkhead part thermal bending for metal laminate is shaped, adopt and coordinate bending forming method, for the LASER HEATING bending forming of metal laminate plate, foundation can be described the input of metal laminate laser energy, crimping and transfer processes and control method, use laser energy pattern stack conversion, suppress metal laminate internal stress sudden change when laser bending, prevent that faying face part is wrinkling, crack initiation, expand and the inefficacy such as peel off, obtain and meet the plate shape that engineering requires.Its detailed embodiment is as follows:

The metal laminate plate material that can be used for bending forming has multiple combination form, for example, and stainless steel and carbon steel laminate, titanium alloy-carbon steel laminate, aluminium alloy-carbon steel laminate etc., laminate combination and preparation also have various ways, can be doubling plate, can be three ply board, even multi-layer sheet etc.A kind of metal laminate laser is coordinated bending method, first, one end of metal laminate 1 is clamped with fixture 2, then, laser beam 3 moves on coating 5 surfaces of laminate along predetermined scan line 4, the energy of coating 5 absorbing laser bundles 3, power conversion is become to heat, in metal laminate 1, transmit, import basic unit 7 into through faying face 6, form stress distribution 9, because coating 5 is different with the material of basic unit 7, conventionally can on the faying face 6 in spot area, produce stress mutation district 8, in the time of laser bending laminate, this stress mutation easily makes to produce between faying face wrinkle, defects i.e.cracks.In the time of laser bending metal laminate, by the location, one end of curved object, install and clamping, and be placed in laser machine, be 80W in laser power, sweep speed is under the laser energy parameter of 800mm/min, laser beam 3 scans mobile on the surface of laminate coating 5 along the scan line 4 setting, and additional in stress mutation district can beam splitting, with coaxial laser instrument of blowing as auxiliary thermal source, following laser beam 3 to move (can synchronizing moving, also can set a time difference moves), according to the stress distribution situation on metal laminate faying face, control auxiliary thermal source energy input size, the state reducing for stress mutation, increase the energy input of auxiliary thermal source 10, the state increasing for stress mutation, reduce the energy input of auxiliary thermal source 10.Adopt this method to pass through the repeatedly multiple scanning of about 10-100 time for the metal laminate plate of different thickness of slab 1.2-12mm, or shuttle-scanning, 33 °-55 ° of differently curved angles obtained.This metal laminate laser is coordinated bending method, can obtain the energy model stack that energy input form (being Temperature-Stress-stress distribution) is superior, stable and distribute, and suppresses the generation of faying face crack defect, significantly improve " " type wallboard part laser bend forming precision and quality, laser bending angle error is less than 0.1 °.

Claims

1. a metal laminate laser is coordinated bending method, it is characterized in that, one end of metal laminate is clamped with fixture, the fixture of clamping metal laminate is placed on the workbench of laser machine, the laser power scope 60-100W of laser beam, sweep speed scope 600-1000mm/min, move on the clad surface of metal laminate along the scan line setting, produce stress mutation in spot area, for stress mutation, district applies auxiliary thermal source, this auxiliary thermal source moves with laser beam, according to the stress distribution on faying face, adjust the energy input of auxiliary thermal source, in the time that stress mutation increases, reducing the energy of auxiliary thermal source inputs at faying face, in the time that stress mutation reduces, the energy that increases auxiliary thermal source is inputted at faying face, thereby the stress mutation on inhibition faying face, in realizing the shaping angle of bend of expection, meet the technical requirement that faying face does not produce defect, make metal laminate thermal bending harmonious.

2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described auxiliary thermal source is can beam splitting, with coaxial laser instrument of blowing.