CN103722127B - A kind of rapid investment casting method based on photocuring (SL) - Google Patents
A kind of rapid investment casting method based on photocuring (SL) Download PDFInfo
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- CN103722127B CN103722127B CN201310754023.7A CN201310754023A CN103722127B CN 103722127 B CN103722127 B CN 103722127B CN 201310754023 A CN201310754023 A CN 201310754023A CN 103722127 B CN103722127 B CN 103722127B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of rapid investment casting method based on photocuring (SL), the colophony prototype (1) using 3D printing technique to make replaces the wax pattern in model casting, the honeycomb that colophony prototype (1) is thin-walled, ingate (2) is arranged on colophony prototype (1); Running gate system adopts conventional wax running gate system (3), and wax running gate system (3) arranges groove (4); During group tree, ingate (2) inserts in groove (4) and is adhesively fixed; Colophony prototype (1) arranges rod wax (5), after shell processed, forms steam vent; This method reduces casting cost, reduce the production cycle, avoid the cracking phenomena of shell in roasting process.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of investment casting method, particularly a kind of rapid investment casting method based on photocuring (i.e. stereolithography apparatus method, English: StereolithographyAppearance, SL write a Chinese character in simplified form in English).
Background technology
3D printing technique manufacturing speed is fast, cost is low, can manufacture complex parts, and can eliminate defect in advance; Casting then almost can be shaped any one metal, and not by the restriction of part dimension, with low cost, but from being designed into model, model is longer for its casting cycle to foundry goods.3D printing technique combines with conventional casting technologies and just can maximize favourable factors and minimize unfavourable ones, and makes tediously long design, amendment, bamboo product greatly simplify to this process of molding and shorten.3D printing technique combines with conventional casting technologies formation Rapid Casting Technology, its general principle utilizes 3D printing technique to manufacture casting evaporative pattern, polyethylene mould, wax sample, template, casting mold, core or shell directly or indirectly, then in conjunction with conventional casting techniques, metal parts is cast out quickly.
To combine with conventional full form casting process the rapid investment casting formed based on photocuring (SL) based on the 3D printing technique of photocuring (SL), its technical process utilizes the wax-pattern in photocuring (SL) colophony prototype replacement model casting, be coated with refractory material thereon and form casting shell, high-temperature roasting makes colophony prototype burning remove, last smelting and pouring, thus realize shortening production cycle and the object reduced costs.
Rapid investment casting based on photocuring (SL) does not need pressure wax-pattern tool, the cycle that foundry goods obtains shortens greatly, in trial production of new products, have broad application prospects in Single unit job lot production, but because 3D printing technique is also just at the early-stage in casting application aspect, embody rule is also in development, need constantly to grope in practice, still there is no relatively complete specification or technique at present, particularly in roasting, cast shell based on the rapid investment casting of photocuring (SL) easily to ftracture, sl prototype use cost is higher, the problem such as troublesome poeration in production operation, serious govern development based on the rapid investment casting of photocuring (SL) and application.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention designs a kind of rapid investment casting method based on photocuring (SL) exactly, simple to operate, group tree is firm, reduce costs, plant casting shell in roasting process not easily ftractures.
A kind of rapid investment casting method based on photocuring (SL), comprises following operating procedure main points:
1) the three-dimensional digital-to-analogue of mo(u)lded piece obtains;
2) data processing:
Casting technique process is also arranged on ingate on colophony prototype; Again the hollow structure that shell process forms band mesh-supported is taken out to three-dimensional digital-to-analogue; Finally stamp at colophony prototype the hole that reserves resin and open hole on the outer face of ingate;
3) photocuring (SL) colophony prototype and wax running gate system make:
Photocuring (SL) colophony prototype is made, in order to replace moltening mold castings wax pattern in 3D printing device; Wax running gate system arranges groove with the ingate junction of colophony prototype;
4) steam vent is set on photocuring (SL) colophony prototype: vertical bonding rod wax on the outer surface of colophony prototype;
5) compound wax tree is organized: ingate is inserted in groove and is adhesively fixed; Again running gate system is connected on hanger;
6) slurry shell processed is stained with;
7) de-running channel wax:
The arenaceous shell of de-running channel wax front opening rod wax outer end after shell processed, with the instrument boiling hotization rod wax of heating, and boiling hot wearing forms steam vent with the resin thin-walled of rod wax junction; Remove running channel wax again;
8) roasting deresination: adopt high temperature to enter stove, make colophony prototype conflagration;
9) smelting and pouring: pour into a mould front fire clay and block steam vent;
10) foundry goods post processing.
Advantage of the present invention is:
1) because wax running gate system can use the existing general wax running channel of foundry, need not make specially, cost is low, cycle is short, only adopt the 3D of photocuring (SL) mode that cost is higher to print resin casting complex parts wax pattern to make, form compound module by wax running gate system and photocuring (SL) colophony prototype again, greatly reduce the cost based on the rapid investment casting of photocuring (SL) and production cycle;
2) on colophony prototype, arrange rod wax form steam vent, during roasting, the air of hollow resin prototype inside is identical with outside air, can not produce expansion, thus cracking when reducing casting Baking deresination;
3) by arranging the groove connecting ingate in wax running gate system, increasing wax bond area and being connected rigidity, group tree being connected more firm, operating aspect; Arrange through hole at ingate and running gate system junction, form main exhaust hole after dewaxing, resin burning intake and exhaust when being conducive to roasting, increase combustion efficiency and reduce casting Shell cracking;
4) colophony prototype forms the hollow honeycomb of thin-walled, and during roasting, the support of honeycomb interior takes the lead in rupturing, and lose support to the outer wall of colophony prototype, colophony prototype type wall inwardly subsides when roasting, can not be split up casting shell; During roasting, module high temperature enters stove, can make colophony prototype moment conflagration, reduce the pressure action time to casting shell.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is embodiment of the present invention process method flow chart;
Fig. 2 is embodiment of the present invention wax injection system structure schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is photocuring (SL) the colophony prototype structural representation that embodiment of the present invention 3D prints;
Fig. 4 is embodiment of the present invention compound wax tree modular structure schematic diagram.
In figure: 1-colophony prototype; 2-ingate; 3-wax running gate system; 4-groove; 5-rod wax; 6-hanger
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described.
Be illustrated in figure 1 embodiment of the present invention process method flow chart, and composition graphs 2, shown in Fig. 3, Fig. 4, a kind of rapid investment casting method based on photocuring (SL), its main operational steps and main points as follows:
1) the three-dimensional digital-to-analogue of mo(u)lded piece obtains:
Different from conventional solvent casting mode, rapid investment casting based on photocuring (SL) does not need the wax pattern making mo(u)lded piece, also just do not need to make pressure wax-pattern tool, only need the three-dimensional digital-to-analogue of mo(u)lded piece, the mode printed by 3D is produced colophony prototype 1 and is replaced wax pattern.The three-dimensional digital-to-analogue obtaining mo(u)lded piece can by carrying out reverse measuring or the Top-Down Design by designer to existing part;
2) data processing:
Casting technique process is carried out to the three-dimensional digital-to-analogue of mo(u)lded piece, as the curving of castings, increase allowance, the part that do not cast out fills up etc., according to the metal species of required cast, determine the amount of contraction of molten metal, if the part material of required casting is stainless steel, then three-dimensional digital-to-analogue structure needs overall amplification about 2%;
The three-dimensional digital-to-analogue of mo(u)lded piece adds ingate; The size of ingate is greater than the ingate size of conventional model casting; When being convenient to roasting, air enters colophony prototype and makes sufficient combustion, and can discharge flue gas;
Take out shell process to three-dimensional digital-to-analogue, be processed into the thin-wall construction of inner hollow, inner increasing supports the netted honeycomb of formation;
The hole reserving resin is made at colophony prototype 1; The position in hole selects the inner uncured resin of colophony prototype after facilitating 3D to print fully to flow out, can be multiple hole, after 3D has printed, will block when post processing or when group sets, and seal, prevent from being stained with slurry in slurry shell process processed and enter colophony prototype 1 inside; The mode in shutoff resin hole has multiple, can use and smear after resin by ultraviolet radiation-curable, also can be filled up by the sticking plaster dissolved with hot melt rubber stick, also can fill and lead up shutoff with wax;
Hole is opened in the outer face of ingate 2, the sectional dimension of through hole is large as far as possible, but in order to ensure the adhesive strength with wax running gate system 3, the sectional dimension of through hole is generally less than 1/3rd of the outer face area of ingate 2, if through hole is too large, be not easy bonding with wax running gate system 3, bonding strong degree reduces; Ingate 2 is arranged on colophony prototype 1, is conducive to group tree; The effect increasing ingate 2 end-face hole is after de-running channel wax, during roasting casting shell, this hole can become effective air and the flue gas access way of resin burning, the flue gas produced after providing more oxygen and being conducive to burn to the burning of colophony prototype 1 discharges casting shell, reduces colophony prototype 1 inner air and adds the burn flue gas pressures that produces of thermal expansion and colophony prototype 1 and cause the possibility of casting Shell cracking; This through hole also can flow out the hole of resin as one, but this through hole need not shutoff especially when organizing tree, and the groove 4 being directly inserted in wax running gate system 3 gets final product self-plugging;
To the data acquisition STL formatted output processed; Also can be other form that 3D printing device can read.
3) photocuring (SL) prototype and wax running gate system make:
Photocuring (SL) prototype makes on technical grade 3D printing device, and adopt photosensitive resin raw material, precision can reach 0.1 millimeter or 0.1%, can meet casting requirement completely; The data importing 3D printing computer handled well, need before making to carry out layered shaping and add bottom support, lift height 0.1 millimeter to the STL data imported, layered shaping and add bottom support and also can complete when aforementioned data process; Need after completing to clean colophony prototype 1, the post-processing operation such as polishing; As shown in Figure 3, embodiment mo(u)lded piece is lead wheel-class parts to the colophony prototype 1 produced, and ingate 2 is arranged on excircle, conveniently sands and is stained with slurry shell processed;
Simultaneously, foundry prepares wax running gate system 3, as shown in Figure 2, wax running gate system 3 arranges groove 4 with ingate 2 junction of colophony prototype 1, the cross-sectional sizes of groove 4 and the cross section of ingate 2 suitable, ingate 2 position on the position of groove 4, structure and colophony prototype 1 and structure match; Relative to conventional model casting, the size outline based on the wax casting system 3 of the rapid investment casting of photocuring (SL) is larger, is convenient to enter required oxygen when the discharge of flue gas during roasting and colophony prototype 1 burn; The total share of casting system shared by model casting is larger, if the mode also adopting 3D to print makes, cost of manufacture will certainly be increased and increase fabrication cycle, wax is cheap and easy to get, adopt wax casting system 3 greatly can reduce production cost, and wax casting system 3 is in the standardization of model casting workshop, only need to select for different foundry goods; Make groove 4 to make by hand with instruments such as wax spatulas, make easily.
4) steam vent is set on photocuring (SL) colophony prototype:
Before group tree, as shown in Figure 4, bonding rod wax 5 on thick most of outer surface of the colophony prototype 1 of hollow, the diameter 5-8 millimeter of rod wax 5, length is greater than 20 millimeters, is vertically bonded on the surface of colophony prototype 1; Can be bonding with bonding wax, also can make a call to the hole that is slightly smaller than rod wax 5 diameter on colophony prototype 1, rod wax 5 is inserted location, substantially fixing, and then fixing with wax sealing; After shell processed, de-front the hacksaw of running channel wax cuts or grinding-wheel grinder opens the arenaceous shell of rod wax 5 outer end, with burning red iron wire boiling hotization rod wax 5, and boiling hotly wears the type wall with the colophony prototype 1 of rod wax 5 junction, forms steam vent casting on shell; Need before cast to block steam vent with fire clay, prevent molten metal from leaking; The quantity of steam vent can arrange multiple according to part difference;
5) compound wax tree is organized:
As shown in Figure 4, the ingate 2 on photocuring (SL) colophony prototype 1 smears with on the contact surface of the groove 4 of wax running gate system 3 the bonding wax dissolved, and ingate 2 is inserted in groove 4 firm fixing; Wax running gate system 3 has the embedded nut connecting hanger 6, there is screw thread the lower end of hanger 6, by the mode be threaded, wax running gate system 3 is connected on hanger 6; Because reliable like that not as between wax and wax of wax and resin bonding, colophony prototype 1 and wax running gate system 3 groups are easy to come off being stained with to starch in hanging sand process after setting, wax running gate system 3 arranges groove 4, is conducive to ingate 2 and is reliably connected with wax running gate system 3, increase the contact surface of bonding wax; Meanwhile, ingate 2 inserts posterior lobe in groove 4 and adds steadiness and rigidity; Can clean module with liquid detergent or other cleaning agents after group tree;
6) slurry shell processed is stained with:
Being stained with slurry shell processed identical with conventional model casting, can be that shell cast by total silicon colloidal sol, also can the composite casting shell of Ludox and waterglass, also can be that shell cast by silester;
7) de-running channel wax:
Before de-running channel wax, first to scald the rod wax 5 worn and be bonded on colophony prototype 1, the steam vent of formation, in autoclave dewaxing still or low temperature oven, remove running channel wax;
8) roasting deresination:
High temperature enters stove, ensures the oxygen having enough colophony prototypes 1 to burn in stove, and colophony prototype 1 is discharged outside casting shell after high-temperature gasification, casts investment shell intensity raising simultaneously and reaches cast requirement; Roasting adopts gas furnace, resistance furnace; The general about 550--750 DEG C of charging temperature; Sintering temperature 800--1100 DEG C, is incubated about 2 hours;
9) smelting and pouring:
This operation and conventional model casting just as; Block steam vent with fire clay before cast, prevent molten metal from leaking, blow away the residual ash of casting shell inside with compressed air, also can with water or alcohol washes; Finally be heated to the preheat temperature cast of casting metal requirement;
10) foundry goods post processing:
By clear shell, conventional postprocessing working procedures such as cutting dead head, polishing etc., after inspection, obtain cast product.
Claims (1)
1., based on a rapid investment casting method for photocuring, comprise following operating procedure main points:
1) the three-dimensional digital-to-analogue of mo(u)lded piece obtains;
2) data processing:
Casting technique process is also arranged on ingate (2) in light-cured resin prototype (1); Again the hollow structure that shell process forms band mesh-supported is taken out to described three-dimensional digital-to-analogue; Finally in the upper hole making outflow resin of light-cured resin prototype (1), and make through hole on the outer face of ingate (2);
3) the light-cured resin prototype (1) of wax running gate system (3) and band ingate (2) makes:
The light-cured resin prototype (1) of band ingate (2) is made, in order to replace moltening mold castings wax pattern in 3D printing device; Wax running gate system (3) arranges groove (4), described groove (4) is connected with described ingate (2), and the cross-sectional sizes of the cross-sectional sizes of described groove (4), position, structure and described ingate (2), position, structure match;
4) steam vent is set in the light-cured resin prototype (1) of band ingate (2): vertical bonding rod wax (5) on the outer surface of the light-cured resin prototype (1) of band ingate (2);
5) compound wax tree is organized: ingate (2) is inserted in groove (4) and is adhesively fixed; Again wax running gate system (3) is connected on hanger (6);
6) slurry shell processed is stained with;
7) wax of the running gate system (3) that dewaxes:
Dewax after shell processed running gate system (3) wax before, open the arenaceous shell of rod wax (5) outer end, with instrument the boiling hotization rod wax (5) of heating, and boiling hot wearing forms steam vent with the resin thin-walled of rod wax (5) junction; Remove the wax of wax running gate system (3) again;
8) roasting deresination;
9) smelting and pouring: pour into a mould front fire clay and block steam vent;
10) mo(u)lded piece post processing.
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Effective date of registration: 20190222 Address after: 214181 North Road, Qianzhou Street Station, Huishan District, Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province Patentee after: Wuxi Jiaoda Zengzhi Increasing Material Manufacturing Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd. Address before: Room 105-38515, No. 6 Baohua Road, Hengqin New District, Zhuhai City, Guangdong Province Patentee before: Zhuhai Xijiao Intelligent Equipment Partnership (Limited Partnership) |
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