CN1037074C - Computerized resilience and elongation instrument for bent tubes - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an intelligent measure instrument for directly measuring the resilience amount and the extension amount of pipes and calculating the change rules of the resilience amount and the extension amount when the pipes are bent by a pipe bender in industrial departments such as ship manufacture, automobile manufacture, aviation, boiler manufacture, etc. The present invention is composed of a measure mechanism, a microcomputer and a support frame, wherein two measure heads of the measure mechanism is fixed on two straight edges of pipe bends to be measured so as to measure the angles of the pipes before and after bend and resilience at any time and calculate the extension amount of pipes before and after bend and resilience according to the geometrical relationship of the measure mechanism; the resilience rule and the extension rule of the pipes required to be processed are obtained through the two-time bend of one bend, measured results are displayed, printed and communicated by digitals; the support frame is used for supporting and placing the measure mechanism, and regulating the use height of the measure mechanism so as to meet the motion requirements of the measure mechanism at the time of work.

Description

Computerized resilience and elongation instrument for bent tubes

When the present invention relates to be used for the tube bender bend pipe in the industrial sectors such as shipbuilding, automobile, aviation, boiler, the springback capacity of pipe and elongation are carried out the on-the-spot directly intellectual measuring instrument of its Changing Pattern of measurements and calculations.

Pipe is being widely used in each industrial circles such as shipbuilding, automobile, aviation, boiler, and wherein having many is pipes that curved shape is arranged, and these bend pipes must use tube bender or CNC tube bending machine that pipe is carried out bending machining and could obtain.Because of tube bending processing belongs to elasto bending, resilience not only can take place in pipe after the crooked off-load, and pipe also can extend to some extent.For the processing technology that realizes not having the surplus bend pipe etc., under certain operating mode, the rule that accurately measures pipe resilience and elongation is one of key problem in technology that needs solution.At present representative in this class device is VECTOR 1 tubular measuring machine that U.S. EATON LEONARD company produces." vector bending tube " that the visible patent US3821525 of the situation of this machine, US3974676 and Wang Lixin are write documents such as (National Defense Industry Press, 1984).This tubular measuring machine is actually a three-coordinate measuring machine, and it mainly is the tubular measurement that is used for bending components such as aviation, automobile.According to document description, this machine also has indirect measurement pipe springback capacity and calculates the needed woollen length of a certain shape pipe according to the resilience modifying factor, need during measurement to take off test specimen after the bending machining from tube bender, be put on the tubular measurement machine platform, gauge head with measuring machine is measured pipe, can set up approximate resilience variation relation by measured pipe forming angle and tube bender pivoted arm angle.From as seen last, its complicated operation, it does not possess the function that measures pipe variable elongation rule what is more important, and what reflected is not the rebound law of pipe itself.

Other only has the device of resilience measurement function to have following two kinds: the sensing device that is attached to the special survey pipe springback angle on the chuck on the described CNC tube bending machine of first Russian Patent SU836857.This device can only be contained on the tube bender and use, and does not measure the function of pipe elongation.It two is the direct measurement mechanisms of the described automatic bend pipe angle of Chinese patent CN87200704.9.This device also is attached on the CNC tube bending machine angle measurement degree specially and uses, and is stronger than the former function, but also do not possess the function of measuring the pipe elongation.

Can not directly measure the drawback of resilience of pipe own and variable elongation rule in order to overcome said apparatus, be implemented in the Changing Pattern of directly measuring pipe resilience and elongation on the tube bender, instrument---the Computerized resilience and elongation instrument for bent tubes of pipe resilience and elongation when measuring the tube bender bend pipe is provided Exact Number foundation, spy to invent to be specifically designed to for no surplus bend pipe etc.

Be used for Computerized resilience and elongation instrument for bent tubes that tube bending adds man-hour as shown in Figure 1, it comprises three parts: measuring mechanism, microcomputer and support are formed.

Measuring mechanism comprises gauge head (1-A; 1-B), vertical shaft (2-A; 2-B; 2-C), toggle (3-A; 3-B; 3-C; 4-A; 4-B; 4-C), gage beam (5-A; 5-B) and angular transducer (6-A; 6-B; 6-C).It is characterized in that: two gauge head (1-A; 1-B) by with its vertical shaft (2-A that connects firmly mutually; 2-B) respectively with toggle (3-A; 3-B) be fixedly connected.Two toggle (3-A; 3-B) with two measuring arm (5-A; 5-B) toggle (the 4-A of an end; 4-B) mutually hinged.Two measuring arm (5-A; 5-B) other end toggle (4-C) makes two gauge head (1-A with (3-C) also mutually hinged; 1-B) with two measuring arm (5-A; 5-B) form four-bar linkage.Angular transducer all is equipped with in three hinged places of four-bar mechanism.Two gauge head (1-A; 1-B) also separable opening can be fixed together by certain reference field and pipe (19).Measurement result is with digital demonstration, printout and carry out communication.Support is by two hinged supporting arms (8; 11) and base (16) form pivoted arm (8; 11) can do to horizontally rotate, raise or reduce with respect to base (16).

A kind of support of Gong selecting for use is by band toggle (7; 9; 10; 12) supporting arm (8; 11), vertical shaft (13), telescoping column (14), dogbolt (15), base (16), adjusting level are formed with bolt (17) and horizontal levelling bubble (18).Both are hinged for horizontal arm (8) and (11), can horizontally rotate relatively, supporting arm (11) is supported in the telescoping column (14) by vertical shaft (13), but height up and down, transfer the back fastening with dogbolt (15), supporting arm (11) can be done to horizontally rotate around telescoping column (14), and telescoping column (14) is fixed on the base (16).

The vertical shaft of measuring mechanism (2-C) can be inserted in the axis hole on the toggle (7) of support upper support arm (8) easily or therefrom take out, because support has guaranteed that from mechanism supporting arm (8) can remain horizontality in space rotation or when mobile, therefore support can not only support to place measuring mechanism, and the use that can satisfy measuring mechanism when work highly regulates and the motion requirement, is in horizontality when also having guaranteed measuring mechanism work all the time.

The structure at measuring mechanism toggle A place is seen Fig. 2.Connect with rolling bearing (25) between toggle (4-A) and the toggle (3-A), and with ring washer (24) both are associated in together, both can relatively rotate; Angular transducer (6-A) housing and end cap (26) are fixed with screw attachment, end cap (26) is fixed with screw attachment with toggle (4-A), the axle of axle (23) one ends and angular transducer (6-A) is connected and fixed with shaft coupling (22), and the other end is screwed with vertical shaft (2-A) and connects; Vertical shaft (2-A) upper end is screwed with toggle (3-A) and connects; The lower end is screwed with gauge head (1-A) and connects; Gage beam (5-A) is fixedly connected with toggle (4-A).During bend pipe, the pipe straight flange drives gauge head (1-A) rotation, and gauge head (1-A) is measured by angular transducer (6-A) with respect to the corner of gage beam (5-A).

Measuring mechanism toggle B place structure is identical with toggle A place structure.Measuring mechanism toggle C place structure as shown in Figure 3.Itself and toggle A place structural similarity, difference are that toggle (4-C) and gage beam (5-A) are fixedly connected; Toggle (3-C) is fixedly connected with gage beam (5-B); Toggle (3-C) lower end is screwed with vertical shaft (2-C) and connects.

When tube bender carried out tube bending, pipe was at horizontal in-plane bending, the measuring mechanism that motion requires in the time of satisfying pipe (19) bending, its gauge head (1-A; 1-B) because be to be installed on the outer straight flange of pipe bend, so during tube bending, the pipe straight flange drives gauge head (1-A; 1-B) rotation and translation, gage beam (5-A at this moment; 5-B) also have and relatively rotate, at this moment three of the hinged place angular transducer (6-A; 6-B; 6-C) will measure the corner at corresponding toggle place respectively, and send angular signal to microcomputer by cable and calculate, can provide needed data rapidly.

Using method is as follows:

1. adjust tube bender.

2. from processed tubing, get a test specimen, be put on the tube bender, clamp pipe (19), instrument is mixed up level, then with the gauge head (1-A of this instrument with horizontal levelling bubble (18) with chuck (21); 1-B) fit and to be fixed on pipe (19) and to go up (see figure 1) near the elbow two straight flanges, to the bending of angle (for example carry out 30 ° bending earlier, make its resilience, carry out 90 ° bending again, make its resilience again) of carrying out varying in size for twice of this elbow.

3. data measure and calculation procedure.

(1) gauge head (1-A; 1-B) locate the calculating of long a of bar and d:

The calculating of a and d as shown in Figure 4.When gauge head two binding faces are H apart from toggle centre distance, when establishing pipe diameter and being D, then the numerical value of long a of bar and d is: $a=d=H+\frac{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="D"\; filenames="C9110467400101.png,C9110467400103.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">D</figure-callout>}}{2}$

(2) measurement of straight tube DE section axial length L:

As shown in Figure 5, before pipe is not curved, carry out the calculating of straight tube DE section axial length L.At this moment measuring mechanism and pipe are formed the ACBED pentagon, and length of side a, b, c, d are known or have obtained, and its toggle A, B, C three place's corners can be by angular transducer (6-A; 6-B; 6-C) measure, promptly ∠ DAC, ∠ ACB, ∠ CBE also are known; By gauge head (1-A; 1-B) structure as can be known AD, BE two bars be axis perpendicular to pipe (19), then ∠ ADE, ∠ BED are the right angle.

The ACBED pentagon is made boost line can get △ ABC, △ ABD, △ DBE, utilize the cosine law and sine can find the solution each leg-of-mutton unknown limit and unknown angle one by one, making becomes knownly, and then last straight tube DE can ask.So tube axis length L=DE during bend pipe not.

When (3) small angle theta 1 is bent in the tube bender examination, the measurement of pipe actual flexion angle θ 1:

As shown in Figure 6, the two straight flange axis prolongation of pipe (19) is intersected at the F point, equally polygon ACBEFD is made boost line, can get △ ABC, △ ABD, △ DBE, △ DEF, still utilize the cosine law and sine to find the solution each leg-of-mutton unknown limit and angle, then bending angle θ 1=180 °-∠ DFE one by one.

When (4) small angle theta 1 is bent in the tube bender examination, the measurement of the actual forming angle θ 01 after the pipe resilience:

As shown in Figure 7, tube bender chuck this moment (21) unclamps, and pipe is able to resilience, and the forming angle after the resilience is θ 01, carries out identical processing with preceding (3) and calculates, then forming angle θ 01=180 °-∠ DFE.

When (5) wide-angle θ 2 is bent in the tube bender examination, the measurement of pipe actual flexion angle θ 2:

Method the same (3).

When (6) wide-angle θ 2 is bent in the tube bender examination, the measurement of the actual forming angle θ 02 after the pipe resilience:

Method the same (4).

(7) calculating of pipe rebound law:

Because of the bending angle θ of pipe and forming angle θ 2 are straight line relation in engineering bent angle scope, can utilize (3), (4), (5), (6) result to set up the straight-line equation of pipe rebound law, promptly

θ=K ₁θ ₀+ C ₁Wherein ${\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="K"\; filenames="C9110467400103.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">K</figure-callout>}}_1=\frac{{\mathrm{\&theta;}}_2-{\mathrm{\&theta;}}_1}{{\mathrm{\&theta;}}_{02}-{\mathrm{\&theta;}}_{01}}$

C ₁＝θ ₁-K ₁θ ₀₁

(8) radius of curvature R after the pipe resilience ₀Calculating:

Pipe is bent the bending of mould (20) radius R, and the increase of pipe radius is R after the resilience ₀:

R ₀＝K ₁R

(9) forming angle is θ ₀₁The time, pipe extends elongation posterior axis L ₀₁Calculating:

As shown in Figure 7, measure on the basis of calculating in front, and the radius increase is R after considering resilience ₀=K _1R, then long increase of its axis is L after the resilience of DE section tube bending ₀₁, its

This moment pipe elongation Δ L ₁For

Δ L ₁=L ₀₁-L (10) shaping angle is θ ₀₂The time, pipe extends elongation posterior axis L ₀₂Calculating: method is with (9), and its tube axis increases again and is L ₀₂, its

This moment pipe elongation Δ L ₂For

ΔL ₂＝L ₀₂-L

(11) calculating of pipe elongation rule:

Elongation Δ L and forming angle θ because of pipe ₀In engineering bent angle scope is straight line relation, thus utilize (4), (6), (9), (10) result can set up the straight-line equation that pipe extends rule, promptly

Δ L=K ₂θ ₀+ C ₂Wherein ${\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="K"\; filenames="C9110467400101.png,C9110467400103.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">K</figure-callout>}}_2=\frac{\mathrm{\&Delta;}{L}_2-\mathrm{\&Delta;}{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="L"\; filenames="C9110467400103.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">L</figure-callout>}}_1}{{\mathrm{\&theta;}}_{02}-{\mathrm{\&theta;}}_{01}}$

C ₂＝ΔL ₁-K ₂θ ₀₁

So far, data computation finishes, and has just obtained the resilience and the variable elongation rule of pipe under this operating mode.

But this instrument also double as is checked the testing instruments of tube bender or is improved the uses such as pick-up unit of back as CNC tube bending machine.

Major advantage of the present invention:

1. use instrument of the present invention can directly measure resilience, the variable elongation rule of pipe itself, thereby can be technologies such as no surplus bend pipe the Exact Number foundation is provided at the tube bender scene.

2. use this instrument as long as get a test specimen from a collection of tubing, by twice crooked resilience and elongation rule that just can obtain required processing tubing of an elbow, method is easy to be reliable.

3. one of the present invention can use for many tube benders, and versatility is good, and cost is low.

Accompanying drawing 1 Computerized resilience and elongation instrument for bent tubes synoptic diagram

1-gauge head 2-vertical shaft 3-toggle 4-toggle

5-gage beam 6-angular transducer 7-toggle

8-supporting arm 9-toggle 11-supporting arm 12-toggle

13-vertical shaft 14-telescoping column 15-dogbolt 16-base

17-adjusting level bolt 18-horizontal levelling bubble 19-pipe

The long synoptic diagram accompanying drawing 5 straight tube axial length instrumentation plan accompanying drawings 6 bend pipe measurement of angle synoptic diagram accompanying drawings 7 shaping angle instrumentation plans of calculating of the curved mould 21-chuck accompanying drawing 2 measuring mechanism toggle A structural drawing 22-of the place shaft coupling 23-axle 24-ring washer 25-rolling bearing 26-end cap accompanying drawings of 20-3 measuring mechanism toggle C place structural drawing accompanying drawings 4 gauge head place bars

Claims (3)

1. be used for the Computerized resilience and elongation instrument for bent tubes of tube bending processing, form by measuring mechanism, microcomputer and support; Measuring mechanism comprises gauge head (1-A; 1-B), vertical shaft (2-A; 2-B; 2-C), toggle (3-A; 3-B; 3-C; 4-A; 4-B; 4-C), gage beam (5-A; 5-B) and angular transducer (6-A; 6-B; 6-C); It is characterized in that: two gauge head (1-A; 1-B) by with its vertical shaft (2-A that connects firmly mutually; 2-B) respectively with toggle (3-A; 3-B) be fixedly connected two toggle (3-A; 3-B) with two measuring arm (5-A; 5-B) toggle (the 4-A of an end; 4-B) mutually hinged; Two measuring arm (5-A; 5-B) toggle of the other end (4-C) makes two gauge head (1-A with (3-C) also mutually hinged; 1-B) with two measuring arm (5-A; 5-B) form four-bar linkage; Angular transducer all is equipped with in three hinged places of four-bar mechanism.

2. measuring instrument according to claim 1 is characterized in that: gauge head (1-A; 1-B) also separable opening can be fixed together by certain reference field and pipe (19).

3. measuring instrument according to claim 1 is characterized in that: support is by two hinged supporting arms (8; 11) and base compositions such as (16), pivoted arm (8; 11) can do the level running with respect to base (16) moves, raises or reduce.

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