CN103018474A - FPGA (Field Programmable Gata Array)-based motor speed and rotating direction detecting device - Google Patents

FPGA (Field Programmable Gata Array)-based motor speed and rotating direction detecting device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103018474A
CN103018474A CN2011102899140A CN201110289914A CN103018474A CN 103018474 A CN103018474 A CN 103018474A CN 2011102899140 A CN2011102899140 A CN 2011102899140A CN 201110289914 A CN201110289914 A CN 201110289914A CN 103018474 A CN103018474 A CN 103018474A
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signal
hall
hall signal
fpga
circuit
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CN2011102899140A
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徐敬勃
嵩甲晨
李延宝
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SHANGHAI AEROSPACE CONTROL ENGINEERING INSTITUTE
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SHANGHAI AEROSPACE CONTROL ENGINEERING INSTITUTE
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Priority to CN2011102899140A priority Critical patent/CN103018474A/en
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Abstract

The invention discloses an FPGA (Field Programmable Gata Array)-based motor speed and rotating direction detecting device. The detecting device is used for reliably detecting the speed and the rotating direction of a motor rotor by virtue of three-path hall signals of a brushless direct current motor. The device comprises a hall signal shaping filtering circuit and an FPGA chip, wherein the hall signals HA, HB and HC of a motor are linked with the FPGA chip after being shaped and filtered; and the FPGA chip comprises a speed fault tolerance measuring logical module and a rotating direction fault tolerance measuring logical module. Compared with the prior art, the FPGA-based motor speed and rotating direction detecting device has the advantages and beneficial effects that the FPGA chip is directly utilized for acquiring the hall signals which are subjected to shaping and filtering, and the fault tolerance detection is carried out on the hall signals in the FPGA; and the detecting device adopts a simple detection method, is high in detection reliability, is suitable for detection on the speed and the rotating direction of the motor of an executing mechanism in a spacecraft, and can be widely applied to detection on the speed and the rotating direction of the brushless direct current motor with a hall sensor.

Description

A kind of based on FPGA motor speed and turn to pick-up unit
Technical field
The present invention relates to brshless DC motor, the device that especially utilizes hall signal that motor speed and rotation direction are detected.
Background technology
Brshless DC motor is as the key component of most topworkies drive motor, and its performance quality is determining the validity of whole system function.Topworks's motor speed and rotation direction are measured, utilize often optical code disk, perhaps optical code disk adds the dual redundant of the motor Hall element angle measurement scheme that tests the speed, utilize optical code disk to the rotor angle measurement of testing the speed, although precision is higher, the optical code disk assembly is comparatively accurate, easily damages, and install comparatively loaded down with trivial detailsly, structural a little change all can cause measurement result very large error to occur.The Hall element that utilizes motor itself to have carries out the detection of motor speed and the judgement that turns to, often because the impact of the factors such as electromagnetic interference (EMI) causes misjudgment.
At present the motor hall signal being carried out filtering method commonly used is to utilize mimic channel at first the motor hall signal to be carried out filtering and shaping, accesses the high speed photo coupling buffer circuit again, introduces afterwards digital circuit again and comes Calculation Speed and judge rotation direction.The high speed photo coupling buffer circuit is subjected to the external electromagnetic environmental impact larger, thereby its use has been subject to certain restriction.For topworks, the mistake that motor speed or rotation direction detect all will cause the unstable of topworks's work, and then affect the normal operation of whole control system, therefore must adopt reliable method to detect rotating speed and the rotation direction of topworks's motor.
Summary of the invention
Technology of the present invention is dealt with problems: overcome the prior art deficiency, a kind of motor speed based on FPGA is provided and turns to pick-up unit, can carry out fault-tolerant detection to hall signal, overcome the impact that the hall signal medium-high frequency is disturbed, can be actuator controller reliable rotary speed information is provided, the rotation direction signal value can accurately be obtained reliably, the detection error of avoiding the high frequency interference in the hall signal to bring.
Technical solution of the present invention: a kind of based on FPGA motor speed and turn to pick-up unit, its structural feature is to comprise hall signal filtering shaping circuit, fpga chip, the hall signal filtering shaping circuit is connected with hall signal HA, HB, the HC of motor, and the hall signal filtering shaping circuit obtains new hall signal HA`, HB`, HC` after with three road hall signal filter shapes; New three road hall signal HA`, HB`, HC` are connected with fpga chip; Described fpga chip comprises the fault-tolerant measurement logic module of rotating speed, the fault-tolerant measurement logic module of rotation direction, the fault-tolerant measurement logic module of rotating speed is finished the fault-tolerant measurement to topworks's rotor rotating speed, the hall signal that utilization contains high frequency noise carries out tachometric survey, tach signal is imported into the processor of control motor; The fault-tolerant measurement logic module of rotation direction is finished the fault-tolerant detection to the rotor rotation direction, utilizes its fault-tolerant logic to realize the output of brshless DC motor rotation direction in the situation that hall signal contains high frequency noise.
Described hall signal filtering shaping circuit comprises holding circuit, comparator circuit, filtering circuit, four parts of shaping circuit, wherein holding circuit comprises two diodes, the anode of a diode is communicated with the Hall input signal, negative electrode connects power supply, another diode anode connects power supply, and negative electrode is communicated with the Hall input signal; Comparator circuit comprises an open circuit output comparator and two resistance, one of them resistance one termination comparer negative input end, an end ground connection, another resistance one termination power, a termination comparator output terminal; Filtering circuit comprises a resistance and electric capacity, resistance one termination comparator output terminal, a termination capacitor, electric capacity other end ground connection; Shaping circuit comprises two reverse Schmidt triggers, the output of filtering circuit is as the input of first trigger, its output is as the input of second trigger, and the output of second trigger is the hall signal after shaping filter is processed, and is power supply ground the Hall output signal.Holding circuit is used for preventing that too high or too low magnitude of voltage from appearring in input signal; Comparator circuit is used for input signal is compared processing, the hall signal of the level value that output meets the demands; Filtering circuit is used for the high frequency noise that comprises in the hall signal is carried out filtering; Shaping circuit is used for the hall signal after shaping filter is processed.
The fault-tolerant measurement logic module of described rotating speed comprises Logic control module, hall signal counter, divider, wherein the Logic control module counting of finishing the hall signal counter enable, zero clearing, and the control of the divide operations of divider; Wherein the hall signal counter is counted the rising edge of three-phase hall signal pulse respectively, count value latchs, three values that latch are added in twos and do division and average, two values that calculate are latched, again these two latched values are summed up and do division and average and obtain tachometer value.
The fault-tolerant detection logic module of described rotation direction comprises frequency divider, pulse width counter, turn to logic judgment module, rotation direction is judged the signal filtering processing module, frequency divider carries out frequency division to clock signal of system and obtains the longer clock signal of one-period, utilize this clock signal that the high level width of two-way hall signal is carried out record, by pulse width counter the hall signal width is latched, turning to logic judgment module then is to utilize the rapidity of system clock, the pulse width counter of one road hall signal is wherein detected, rotation direction is judged the signal filtering processing module, then is to utilize frequency divider frequency division long period clock signal out to be set up at everybody the rotation direction signal is detected.
The present invention's design: the principle of the fault-tolerant detection of (1) rotating speed: three hall signal counter A, counter B, counter C record rising edge number and the regularly zero clearing of three-phase hall signal HA`, HB`, HC`.Because comprise high frequency noise in the hall signal, so unavoidably can produce measuring error in the process of measurement rotating speed.Here detected tach signal being done filtering processes, at first the hall signal counter is counted the rising edge of three-phase hall signal pulse respectively, count value latchs, three values that latch are added in twos and do division with divider and average, two values that calculate are latched, again these two latched values are summed up and do division with divider and average and obtain tachometer value.Can overcome like this impact that the hall signal medium-high frequency is disturbed, can be actuator controller reliable rotary speed information is provided, and obtain correct control parameter according to rotary speed information.(2) principle of the fault-tolerant detection of rotation direction: the normal condition hall signal has 120 ° phase differential, has periodically.120 ° in the phase place of the leading hall signal HB` of the phase place of hall signal HA` when supposing the rotor forward rotation, 120 ° in the phase place of the leading hall signal HC` of the phase place of hall signal HB`; The phase relation of three road hall signals becomes during the rotor counter-rotating: 120 ° in the phase place of the leading hall signal HB` of the phase place of hall signal HC`, 120 ° in the phase place of the leading hall signal HA` of the phase place of hall signal HB`.Therefore the variation reversed in order of hall signal state during forward and reverse can draw the rotation direction of rotor according to the variation of hall signal, according to this principle, the below introduces the method for the fault-tolerant detection of rotation direction.
At first clock signal of system is carried out frequency division and obtain the longer clock signal of one-period, utilize this clock signal that the two-way hall signal HA` of input FPGA, the high level width of HB` are counted, and the hall signal width value is latched pulse width counter zero clearing when hall signal jumps to low level by high level.Utilize the rapidity of system clock, the pulse width values of one road hall signal is wherein detected, near initial counting position constantly, be that the numerical value that latchs of hall signal width is also in the very little situation, whether the value of judging the pulse width of another road hall signal is zero, then obtains rotation direction.Judging near initial counting position constantly, both can overcome high frequency interference, be unlikely to again to surpass the phase differential of two hall signals in the judge position of positional distance initial time of the quite high situation of rotor rotating speed.Rotation direction is judged that signal filtering then is to utilize frequency division long period clock signal out on diverse location the rotation direction signal to be detected, when the resulting result in several detection positions is consistent, the rotation direction signal that obtains is latched.The rotation direction signal value that obtains like this is accurately reliable, can avoid because the detection error that the high frequency interference in the hall signal may be brought.
The present invention adopts fpga chip, and compared with prior art, its advantage and beneficial effect are:
1) utilizes fpga chip to receive the hall signal filtering shaping circuit and process new hall signal afterwards, in digital circuit inside hall signal is carried out fault-tolerant detection, detect simple;
2) experimental results show that detecting reliability is high, be suitable for topworks's motor speed and rotation direction and detect, can be widely used in the rotating speed of dc brushless motor hall signal and the detection method of rotation direction.
Description of drawings
The invention will be further described below with reference to accompanying drawing and example.
Fig. 1 is FPGA internal digital circuit structure diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is hall signal filtering shaping circuit block diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the fault-tolerant measuring principle block diagram of rotating speed of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the fault-tolerant detection theory diagram of rotation direction of the present invention;
Hall signal comparison diagram when Fig. 5 is rotating.
Reference numeral
Hall signal filtering shaping circuit 1, fpga chip 2, the fault-tolerant measurement logic module 3 of rotating speed, the fault-tolerant measurement logic module 4 of rotation direction, holding circuit module 5, comparator circuit module 6, filter circuit module 7, shaping circuit module 8, Logic control module 9, hall signal counter 10, divider 11, frequency divider 12, pulse width counter 13, turn to logic judgment module 14, rotation direction to judge signal filtering processing module 15.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, provided circuit structure diagram of the present invention, comprise hall signal filtering shaping circuit 1, fpga chip 2, hall signal filtering shaping circuit 1 receives hall signal HA, HB, the HC of motor, and hall signal filtering shaping circuit 1 obtains new hall signal HA`, HB`, HC` after with three road hall signal filter shapes; Fpga chip 2 receives HA`, HB`, HC` three road hall signals through the dc brushless motor after 1 processing of hall signal filtering shaping circuit, fpga chip 2 comprises the fault-tolerant detection logic module 3 of rotating speed and the fault-tolerant detection logic module 4 of rotation direction, its internal digital circuit is finished respectively the detection to rotor rotating speed and rotation direction, obtain tachometer value and the rotation direction signal of rotor, and tach signal is imported into the processor of control motor.
As described in Figure 2, provided hall signal filtering shaping circuit theory diagram of the present invention, the hall signal filtering shaping circuit comprises holding circuit 5, comparator circuit 6, filtering circuit 7, shaping circuit 8.Holding circuit 5 comprises two diode D1, D2, and the anode of diode D1 connects the Hall input signal, and negative electrode connects power supply, and the D2 diode anode connects power supply, and negative electrode connects and the Hall input signal, is used for preventing that too high or too low magnitude of voltage from appearring in input signal; Comparator circuit 6 comprises an open circuit output comparator U1A and two resistance R 2, R3, resistance R 2 one termination comparer U1A negative input ends wherein, one end ground connection, resistance R 3 one termination powers, one termination comparer U1A output terminal, comparator circuit 6 is used for input signal is compared processing, the hall signal of the level value that output meets the demands; Filtering circuit 7 comprises a resistance R 4 and capacitor C 1, resistance R 4 one termination comparer U1A output terminals, and a termination capacitor C1, capacitor C 1 other end ground connection, filtering circuit 7 is used for the high frequency noise that comprises in the hall signal is carried out filtering; Shaping circuit 8 comprises two reverse Schmidt trigger U2A, U2B, the output terminal of filtering circuit 7 links to each other with the input end of first trigger U2A, the output terminal of U2A links to each other with the input end of second trigger U2B, the output of second trigger U2B is the hall signal after shaping filter is processed, and is power supply ground the Hall output signal.
As shown in Figure 3, provided the fault-tolerant measuring principle block diagram of rotating speed of the present invention, the fault-tolerant measurement logic module of rotating speed comprises Logic control module 9, hall signal counter 10, divider 11,9 pairs of hall signal counters 10 of Logic control module, divider 11 is controlled, provide and latch and the zero clearing control signal, counter A, counter B, three hall signal counters 10 of counter C are respectively to three-phase hall signal HA`, HB`, the rising edge of HC` is counted, the value of the value of counter A and counter B added and, the value of the value of counter B and counter C added and, add by the divider 1 in the divider 11 and 2 pairs two of dividers again and value is done division and averaged, calculate two values, again these two values are summed up and do division by the divider 3 in the divider 11 and average and obtain tachometer value.
As shown in Figure 4, provided the fault-tolerant detection theory diagram of rotation direction of the present invention, the fault-tolerant detection logic module of rotation direction comprises frequency divider 12, pulse width counter 13, turns to logic judgment module 14, rotation direction is judged signal filtering processing module 15.Utilize 12 pairs of clock signal of system of frequency divider to carry out frequency division and obtain the longer clock signal of one-period, count with the high level width of clock signal to the two-way hall signal, the pulse number of pulse width counter 13 storage expression hall signal high level state length, pulse width counter zero clearing when hall signal jumps to low level by high level.Turning to 14 of logic judgment module is the rapidity of utilizing system clock, the pulse width counter 13 of one road hall signal is wherein detected, near initial counting position constantly, be the numerical value that latchs of pulse width counter 13 also judge value that the pulse width counter 13 of another road hall signal latchs of very little situation whether be zero then to obtain rotation direction, judging near initial counting position constantly, so both can overcome to a certain extent high frequency interference, and be unlikely to again to surpass the phase differential of two hall signals in the judge position of positional distance initial time of the quite high situation of rotor rotating speed.Rotation direction judges that 15 of signal filtering processing modules are to utilize frequency divider 12 frequency divisions long period clock signal out on diverse location the rotation direction signal to be detected, and when the resulting result in several detection positions is consistent the rotation direction signal that obtains is latched.
Hall signal contrast during as shown in Figure 5, for rotating.Hall signal A, the hall signal B original motor hall signal for being collected by the motor Hall element among the figure, therefore the variation reversed in order of hall signal state during forward and reverse can draw the rotation direction of rotor according to the variation of hall signal.

Claims (4)

1. one kind based on the motor speed of FPGA with turn to pick-up unit, it is characterized in that: comprise hall signal plastic filter circuit (1), fpga chip (2), hall signal plastic filter circuit (1) is connected with three road hall signal HA, HB, the HC of brshless DC motor, three road hall signals form hall signal HA`, HB`, HC` after shaping filter is processed; Hall signal HA`, HB`, HC` are connected with fpga chip (2), described fpga chip (2) comprises the fault-tolerant measurement logic module of rotating speed (3), turns to fault-tolerant measurement logic module (4), and the fault-tolerant measurement logic module of rotating speed (3) is imported tach signal into the processor of control motor; Turn to fault-tolerant measurement logic module (4) to realize the output of direction of motor rotation.
According to claim 1 based on FPGA motor speed and turn to pick-up unit, it is characterized in that: hall signal plastic filter circuit (1) comprising: holding circuit (5), comparator circuit (6), filtering circuit (7), (8) four parts of shaping circuit, holding circuit (5) comprises two diodes, the anode of a diode is communicated with the Hall input signal, negative electrode connects power supply, another diode anode connects power supply, and negative electrode is communicated with the Hall input signal; Comparator circuit (6) comprises an open circuit output comparator and two resistance, one of them resistance one termination comparer negative input end, an end ground connection, another resistance one termination power, a termination comparator output terminal; Filtering circuit (7) comprises a resistance and electric capacity, resistance one termination comparator output terminal, a termination capacitor, electric capacity other end ground connection; Shaping circuit (8) comprises two reverse Schmidt triggers, the output of filtering circuit is as the input of first trigger, its output is as the input of second trigger, and second trigger is output as the hall signal after the shaping filter processing, is power supply ground the Hall output signal.
According to claim 1 based on FPGA motor speed and turn to pick-up unit, it is characterized in that: the fault-tolerant measurement logic module of rotating speed (3) comprises Logic control module (9), hall signal counter (10), divider (11), the counting that Logic control module (9) is finished hall signal counter (10) enables, zero clearing, and the control of the divide operations of divider (11); Hall signal counter (10) is counted the rising edge of three-phase hall signal pulse respectively, count value latchs, three values that latch are added in twos and do division and average, two values that calculate are latched, again these two latched values are summed up and do division and average and obtain tachometer value.
According to claim 1 to 3 described based on FPGA motor speed and turn to pick-up unit, it is characterized in that: turn to fault-tolerant detection logic module to comprise frequency divider (12), pulse width counter (13), turn to logic judgment module (14), rotation direction is judged signal filtering processing module (15), frequency divider (12) carries out frequency division to clock signal of system and obtains the longer clock signal of one-period, with clock signal the high level width of two-way hall signal is carried out record, by pulse width counter (13) the hall signal width is latched, turning to logic judgment module (14) then is the rapidity of utilizing system clock, the pulse width counter of one road hall signal (13) is wherein detected, and rotation direction judges that signal filtering processing module (15) then is to utilize frequency divider (12) frequency division long period clock signal out to be set up at everybody the rotation direction signal is detected.
CN2011102899140A 2011-09-27 2011-09-27 FPGA (Field Programmable Gata Array)-based motor speed and rotating direction detecting device Pending CN103018474A (en)

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Cited By (13)

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CN103399166A (en) * 2013-05-14 2013-11-20 北京控制工程研究所 Rotating-speed acquisition method for momentum wheel
CN103412144A (en) * 2013-08-09 2013-11-27 优利德科技(中国)有限公司 Method and device for judging rotation direction of motor rotor
CN103728878A (en) * 2014-01-10 2014-04-16 四川省纺织科学研究院 Over-rotation protection circuit
CN104865405A (en) * 2014-02-26 2015-08-26 鞍钢股份有限公司 Rapid detection method for rotation direction of roller-way motor
CN106193879A (en) * 2016-07-26 2016-12-07 深圳市金证卡尔电子有限公司 A kind of control device and method of the multi-functional anti-pinch of vehicle window Hall
CN108646048A (en) * 2018-05-29 2018-10-12 宁波帝洲自动化科技有限公司 A kind of speed detector based on FPGA
CN110635726A (en) * 2019-10-18 2019-12-31 中国电子科技集团公司第四十三研究所 Speed detection method and detection circuit for non-inductive brushless motor
CN111024977A (en) * 2019-12-26 2020-04-17 天津津航计算技术研究所 Signal detection method of speed sensor based on eddy current principle
CN111194414A (en) * 2017-11-03 2020-05-22 认知系统公司 Temporal alignment of motion detection signals using buffers
CN112350622A (en) * 2020-11-12 2021-02-09 北京卫星制造厂有限公司 Lunar soil drilling sampling load driven motor control system and method
CN112511044A (en) * 2020-11-12 2021-03-16 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 Motor commutation control device and method and motor
CN113325192A (en) * 2021-05-28 2021-08-31 湖南湘依铁路机车电器股份有限公司 Frequency doubling method for shaft end Hall speed sensor
CN114062716A (en) * 2020-07-31 2022-02-18 日立安斯泰莫汽车系统(苏州)有限公司 Device and method for identifying rotation direction of rotation speed sensor

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CN103399166B (en) * 2013-05-14 2015-10-21 北京控制工程研究所 A kind of momenttum wheel rotating speed acquisition method
CN103399166A (en) * 2013-05-14 2013-11-20 北京控制工程研究所 Rotating-speed acquisition method for momentum wheel
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CN103728878A (en) * 2014-01-10 2014-04-16 四川省纺织科学研究院 Over-rotation protection circuit
CN104865405A (en) * 2014-02-26 2015-08-26 鞍钢股份有限公司 Rapid detection method for rotation direction of roller-way motor
CN106193879A (en) * 2016-07-26 2016-12-07 深圳市金证卡尔电子有限公司 A kind of control device and method of the multi-functional anti-pinch of vehicle window Hall
CN111194414A (en) * 2017-11-03 2020-05-22 认知系统公司 Temporal alignment of motion detection signals using buffers
CN108646048A (en) * 2018-05-29 2018-10-12 宁波帝洲自动化科技有限公司 A kind of speed detector based on FPGA
CN110635726A (en) * 2019-10-18 2019-12-31 中国电子科技集团公司第四十三研究所 Speed detection method and detection circuit for non-inductive brushless motor
CN111024977A (en) * 2019-12-26 2020-04-17 天津津航计算技术研究所 Signal detection method of speed sensor based on eddy current principle
CN111024977B (en) * 2019-12-26 2021-07-02 天津津航计算技术研究所 Signal detection method of speed sensor based on eddy current principle
CN114062716A (en) * 2020-07-31 2022-02-18 日立安斯泰莫汽车系统(苏州)有限公司 Device and method for identifying rotation direction of rotation speed sensor
CN114062716B (en) * 2020-07-31 2024-01-09 日立安斯泰莫汽车系统(苏州)有限公司 Rotation direction recognition device and method for rotation speed sensor
CN112350622A (en) * 2020-11-12 2021-02-09 北京卫星制造厂有限公司 Lunar soil drilling sampling load driven motor control system and method
CN112511044A (en) * 2020-11-12 2021-03-16 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 Motor commutation control device and method and motor
CN113325192A (en) * 2021-05-28 2021-08-31 湖南湘依铁路机车电器股份有限公司 Frequency doubling method for shaft end Hall speed sensor
CN113325192B (en) * 2021-05-28 2024-01-16 湖南湘依铁路机车电器股份有限公司 Frequency multiplication method for shaft end Hall speed sensor

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Application publication date: 20130403