CN103002292A - Colorful image sensor and colorful color-filtering cell array - Google Patents
Colorful image sensor and colorful color-filtering cell array Download PDFInfo
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- CN103002292A CN103002292A CN2012105770371A CN201210577037A CN103002292A CN 103002292 A CN103002292 A CN 103002292A CN 2012105770371 A CN2012105770371 A CN 2012105770371A CN 201210577037 A CN201210577037 A CN 201210577037A CN 103002292 A CN103002292 A CN 103002292A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a colorful image sensor and a colorful color-filtering cell array. An arranging rule of the colorful color-filtering cell array is that (1) odd-numbered lines of the colorful color-filtering cell array is repeatedly arranged in a mode that green color-filtering cells and red color-filtering cells are alternated to an end point of the line; (2) a 2N line of the colorful color-filtering cell array is repeatedly arranged in a mode that red color-filtering cells, green color-filtering cells, blue color-filtering cells and green color-filtering cells are alternated to an end point of the 2N line, wherein the N is an odd number; and (3) a 2M line of the colorful color-filtering cell array is repeatedly arranged in a mode that blue color-filtering cells, green color-filtering cells, red color-filtering cells and green color-filtering cells are alternated to an end point of the 2M line, wherein the M is an even number and greater than 0. The colorful image sensor and the colorful color-filtering cell array adopt an unique colorful color-filtering cell arrangement mode and are designed through optimization of an arrangement mode of three cone cells in a human retina. Compared with existing color-filtering cell arrays, colorful images with good resolution, color reduction degree, luminous energy utilizing rate and the like can be output.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of color image sensor and color filter element array, can be used for digital picture, the video equipments such as various digital cameras, Digital Video based on the color image sensor of this color filter element array.
Background technology
The digital color image transducer is the parts of the most critical in the digital image device such as digital camera, Digital Video, is used for the optical imagery of lens focus is converted to digital color image.Color digital image equipment can be divided into two kinds according to the quantity of the imageing sensor of its inside: (1) single image transducer color digital image equipment, comprise most Digital Video and digital camera, be characterized in only having an imageing sensor (CCD or cmos image sensor) in these digital color image equipment, the brightness transition that this imageing sensor will shine the visible light on the transducer is the signal of telecommunication, and digitlization in follow-up processing, produce gray scale (black and white) image.For the colouring information that obtains occurring in nature produces coloured image, usually adopt the method that need to cover one deck chromatic color filter on the surface of imageing sensor, jointly form color image sensor by chromatic color filter and imageing sensor two parts.(2) the color digital image equipment of multiple image sensor, Digital Video such as 3CCD, the Digital Video of 3CMOS etc., its device interior has an optical splitter, the visible light that the external world is injected is divided into the red, green, blue three beams, respectively by three independently imageing sensor (CCD or cmos image sensor) receive, and be quantified as color digital image; In addition, in the color digital image equipment, also have the Japanese Sigma of a kind of employing X3(house journal) color image sensor, this transducer adopts three layer of three look structure, namely the imageing sensor of three plies is respectively blue, green, red transparent image transducer.Blue portion is absorbed and digitlization by ground floor blue image transducer first in the light of extraneous incident, second layer green image transducer absorbs green portion and the digitlization in the incident light, the 3rd layer red image transducer absorbs remaining light and digitlization, thereby produces color digital image.
As mentioned above, the effect of digital image sensor is to shine the brightness digitlization of the visible light on the transducer, produces gray scale (black and white) image.Because a width of cloth digital picture is the pel array that is formed by a plurality of Pixel arrangements, correspondingly, imageing sensor is the sensing element array that is arranged in by a plurality of sensing elements, wherein each sensing element carries out digitlization to the light intensity (brightness) that receives independently, produces a pixel in the digital picture.
Color image sensor is the surface coverage chromatic color filter at imageing sensor, so that imageing sensor can carry out digitlization to the light intensity (brightness) of different colours in the visible light, produces coloured image.Imageing sensor in the color image sensor, the same with above-mentioned gray level image transducer, be to arrange the sensing element array that forms by a plurality of sensing elements; Chromatic color filter in the color image sensor is to form color filter unit group pattern by color filter tuple repeated arrangement.Each color filter tuple is corresponding with the pixel in the coloured image.Therefore, different with the gray level image transducer, the quantity of the quantity of sensing element pixel in the coloured image in the color image sensor.
Three kinds or four kinds of colors are generally arranged, such as red colour filter unit, green colour filter unit, blue colour filter unit etc. in the color filter tuple.A color filter tuple is corresponding to a pixel in the color digital image, and its output valve is the tristimulus values of a pixel in the digital picture.Therefore, the chromatic color filter in the color image sensor is comprised of the colour filter tuple of repeated arrangement, the redgreenblue value of a pixel of one of them color filter tuple output, and both are corresponding one by one.
Shown in the color filter tuple following table of prior art:
In sum, the color filter tuple of prior art has following two characteristics:
1) has 2x2 in a color filter tuple, 2x4, three looks such as 4x4 or four look colour filters unit;
2) the colour filter unit in the color filter tuple has definite arrangement mode, and this arrangement mode is subjected to patent protection.
The below illustrates the relation between color digital image transducer and color filter tuple, colour filter unit and the three of transducer unit take the color digital image transducer of a mega pixel as example.
Suppose to have the digital camera of a mega pixel, namely the color digital image transducer in the camera is exported the color digital image of a mega pixel (1,000x1,000 pixel); And suppose that this imageing sensor adopts three look Bayer colour filter tuples, as shown in Figure 1, then has on this transducer:
1,000,000 Bayer colour filter tuples are exported 1,000,000 pixels, wherein pixel of each color filter tuple output;
4,000,000 colour filter element array that (2,000x2,000) colour filter unit forms.Wherein have 1,000,000 red colour filters first, 1,000,000 blue colour filters are first, and 2,000,000 green colour filters are first;
4,000,000 sensing element arrays that (2,000x2,000) sensing element forms are covered with the colour filter element array on it, corresponding one by one between the two.Pixel of per four sensing elements output.
In sum, mainly there are the following problems for existing color image sensor: one is pixel of four sensing element output, and the utilance of sensing element is low, has serious wasting phenomenon; Two is that four sensing elements are in different positions, be that blue (B) tristimulus values of red in the same pixel (R) green (G) are not to come from same position, have small difference, therefore, general camera need between camera lens and transducer, increase the fringe effects that an eyeglass reduces image.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention of the present invention is according to amphiblestroid structure in the human eye, a kind of color image sensor and color filter element array (Tao Shi colour filter element array), color filter unit is according to certain regularly arranged, the corresponding sensing element of color filter unit is exported a colour element, has greatly improved the utilance of transducer; Can reconstruct from a plurality of color filter unit the RGB tristimulus values of same position, improve the accuracy of color reduction, reduce the fringe effects of image.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention comprises:
A kind of color image sensor comprises imageing sensor and chromatic color filter, and described chromatic color filter is covered on the described image sensor surface, and described imageing sensor is arranged as the sensing element array by a plurality of sensing elements and consists of; Described chromatic color filter is arranged as the color filter element array by a plurality of color filter unit according to queueing discipline and consists of, described color filter element array comprises the color filter unit of three kinds of colors at least, the corresponding sensing element of color filter unit, a pixel in the output coloured image, color filter element array queueing discipline is:
1) odd-numbered line of color filter element array is with first, the red colour filter of green colour filter unit ... the mode repeated arrangement, until the row terminal point;
2) 2N of color filter element array is capable, and N is odd number, first with first, the blue colour filter of first, the green colour filter of red colour filter,
Green colour filter is first ... the mode repeated arrangement, until the capable terminal point of 2N;
3) 2M of color filter element array is capable, and M is even number, M〉0, with first, the green colour filter of blue colour filter unit, red colour filter unit, green colour filter unit ... the mode repeated arrangement, until the capable terminal point of 2M.
Preferably, the colour filter of three kinds of colors unit ratio is green colour filter unit 50%, red colour filter unit 37.5%, blue colour filter unit 12.5%.
Preferably, the redgreenblue value of a pixel in limited colour filter unit output digital image in any one color filter unit and the neighborhood thereof in the described color filter element array.
A kind of color filter element array for color image sensor, color filter element array queueing discipline is:
1) odd-numbered line of color filter element array is with first, the red colour filter of green colour filter unit ... the mode repeated arrangement, until the row terminal point;
2) 2N of color filter element array is capable, and N is odd number, first with first, the blue colour filter of first, the green colour filter of red colour filter,
Green colour filter is first ... the mode repeated arrangement, until the capable terminal point of 2N;
3) 2M of color filter element array is capable, and M is even number, M〉0, with first, the green colour filter of blue colour filter unit, red colour filter unit, green colour filter unit ... the mode repeated arrangement, until the capable terminal point of 2M.
Preferably, the colour filter of three kinds of colors unit ratio is green colour filter unit 50%, red colour filter unit 37.5%, blue colour filter unit 12.5%.
Preferably, the redgreenblue value of a pixel in limited colour filter unit output digital image in any one color filter unit and the neighborhood thereof in the described color filter element array.
Introducing the application number of submitting before the inventor and be 201210267082.7 application for a patent for invention specification makes and is reference.Experiment showed, the image of color filter element array of the present invention output, have optimum effect, comprise the aspects such as the resolution of image, color have been reduced, signal noise ratio (snr) of image, all effective than the colour filter element array that proposes in 201210267082.7.
A kind of color image sensor provided by the invention and color filter element array, the color filter element array by color filter unit according to according to evenly distributed regularly arranged, there is not the colour filter tuple, i.e. pixel of limited colour filter unit output in colour filter unit and the neighborhood thereof; Color filter unit more than three kinds or three kinds is arranged in the colour filter element array, therefore, the problem that exists these color filter units how to arrange; The tristimulus values of a pixel of limited colour filter unit output in color filter unit and the neighborhood thereof, but color filter unit can only obtain a value in the tristimulus values, therefore, two other value need to calculate by certain algorithm the limited individual color filter unit in neighborhood around current this color filter unit; Its essence is the recycling of colour filter unit output valve, when namely exporting the tristimulus values of the A of colour filter unit, and colour filter unit B, C around it, D calculating that helps; During the tristimulus values of the output B of colour filter unit, the calculating that helps of A, C, the E around it.The value of each colour filter unit has obtained recycling repeatedly.
The first display of color filter of the present invention has following feature:
1, color filter element array of the present invention is rearranged according to certain ratio rules by color filter unit, does not have the colour filter tuple, neither form colour filter unit group pattern by colour filter tuple repeated arrangement;
2, described color filter unit comprises three kinds or more than the colour filter unit of three kinds of colors;
3, the color filter identical permutation of described multiple color forms the queueing discipline of color filter unit display, forms the colour filter element array of repetitive structure;
4, in the described color filter element array, a pixel in each color filter unit output coloured image, color filter unit, sensing element, pixel three are corresponding one by one.
5, the colour filter element array of the present invention's proposition, the arrangement mode of the versicolor colour filter unit of its uniqueness, the result who optimizes according to the arrangement mode of three kinds of cone cells in people's the retina, colour filter element array is in the past compared, can output resolution ratio, the better coloured image in aspect such as color reduction degree, the efficiency of light energy utilization.
Description of drawings
The present invention is further detailed explanation below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Fig. 1 is color filter element array schematic diagram of the present invention
Embodiment
Embodiment
Fig. 1 has showed a color filter element array that the present invention proposes, and this color filter element array is comprised of red, green and blue three look colour filter units.The colour filter of three kinds of colors unit ratio is in this color filter element array: green colour filter unit 50%, red colour filter unit 37.5%, blue colour filter unit 12.5%.Versicolor colour filter unit arranges according to queueing discipline in this colour filter element array.Its queueing discipline is:
(1) odd-numbered line of colour filter element array (the 1st, 3,5,7 ... OK) with first, the red colour filter of green colour filter unit ... the mode repeated arrangement, until the row terminal point;
(2) 2N(N of colour filter element array is odd number) go with first, the green colour filter of red colour filter unit, blue colour filter unit, green colour filter unit ... the mode repeated arrangement, until the capable terminal point of 2N;
(3) 2M(M of colour filter element array is even number, M〉0) go with first, the green colour filter of blue colour filter unit, red colour filter unit, green colour filter unit ... the mode repeated arrangement, until the terminal point of 2M.
Colour filter unit forms the colour filter element array according to above-mentioned regularly arranged.Fig. 1 has showed a color filter element array that the present invention proposes.Above-described embodiment is not the exhaustive of embodiment; the embodiment that other also can be arranged; above-described embodiment purpose is to illustrate the present invention, and unrestricted protection scope of the present invention, all application that come by simple change of the present invention all drop in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a color image sensor comprises imageing sensor and chromatic color filter, and described chromatic color filter is covered on the described image sensor surface, and described imageing sensor is arranged as the sensing element array by a plurality of sensing elements and consists of; Described chromatic color filter is arranged as the color filter element array by a plurality of color filter unit according to queueing discipline and consists of, described color filter element array comprises the color filter unit of three kinds of colors at least, the corresponding sensing element of color filter unit, a pixel in the output coloured image, it is characterized in that: color filter element array queueing discipline is:
1) odd-numbered line of color filter element array is with first, the red colour filter of green colour filter unit ... the mode repeated arrangement, until the row terminal point;
2) 2N of color filter element array is capable, and N is odd number, first with first, the blue colour filter of first, the green colour filter of red colour filter,
Green colour filter is first ... the mode repeated arrangement, until the capable terminal point of 2N;
3) 2M of color filter element array is capable, and M is even number, M〉0, with first, the green colour filter of blue colour filter unit, red colour filter unit, green colour filter unit ... the mode repeated arrangement, until the capable terminal point of 2M.
2. color image sensor according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the colour filter of three kinds of colors unit ratio is green colour filter unit 50%, red colour filter unit 37.5%, blue colour filter unit 12.5%.
3. each described color image sensor is characterized in that according to claim 1-2, the redgreenblue value of a pixel in any one color filter unit output digital image in the described color filter element array.
4. color filter element array that is used for color image sensor, it is characterized in that: color filter element array queueing discipline is:
1) odd-numbered line of color filter element array is with first, the red colour filter of green colour filter unit ... the mode repeated arrangement, until the row terminal point;
2) 2N of color filter element array is capable, and N is odd number, first with first, the blue colour filter of first, the green colour filter of red colour filter,
Green colour filter is first ... the mode repeated arrangement, until the capable terminal point of 2N;
3) 2M of color filter element array is capable, and M is even number, M〉0, with first, the green colour filter of blue colour filter unit, red colour filter unit, green colour filter unit ... the mode repeated arrangement, until the capable terminal point of 2M.
5. color filter element array according to claim 4 is characterized in that, the colour filter of three kinds of colors unit ratio is green colour filter unit 50%, red colour filter unit 37.5%, blue colour filter unit 12.5%.
6. each described color image sensor is characterized in that according to claim 4-5, the redgreenblue value of a pixel in any one color filter unit output digital image in the described color filter element array.
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| CN2012105770371A CN103002292A (en) | 2012-12-26 | 2012-12-26 | Colorful image sensor and colorful color-filtering cell array |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2014019339A1 (en) * | 2012-07-31 | 2014-02-06 | Tao Linmi | Colour image sensor and method for acquiring colour digital image |
| CN109979953A (en) * | 2019-03-26 | 2019-07-05 | 福州鑫图光电有限公司 | A kind of imaging sensor |
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Application publication date: 20130327 |