The rolling-type processing method of stainless steel marine propeller
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of processing method of motor-driven marine propeller, particularly relate to the rolling-type processing method of stainless steel marine propeller.
Background technology
Power ship propulsion plant under sail mainly is a screw, and the screw structure directly influences propulsive efficiency, under identical horsepower (power); The proportional relation of the thickness of propeller blade and weight and fltting speed, the blade of screw is thin more, and weight is light more; Advance effectively, ship's speed is just fast more.Because ship goes in the environment of ocean salt water, be unable to undergo carbon steel, the cast iron of seawater corrosion and all can not process screw, so existing screw multiselect is produced with cast copper; If but the cast copper propeller blade is thin, runs at shallow water under the situation of barrier, intensity just can not guarantee; Be easy to fracture damage, therefore, can only be processed into the blade of heavy wall; Heavy cast copper screw has restricted the speed of ship, and service life is short, and the repair and replacement expense is high.On the other hand, the lagging edge of existing cast copper propeller blade is the arc limit, makes to advance effect to receive certain influence again, and the ship's speed that slowed down has increased energy consumption.In order to change the shortcoming of cast copper screw; People's stainless steel material on probation is produced marine propeller, because the stainless steel molten steel is mobile very poor, but can't realize if adopt stainless steel to cast propeller blade; Another kind of way is used stainless sheet steel is processed screw through composite welding blade; But in the middle of the composite bed cavity is arranged, cause whole blade profile wall thickness, the requirement that does not reach energy saving and speed increasing.Forge the processing stainless steel propeller blade if adopt, needing strict control processing temperature is 900 ℃-1100 ℃, because the blade thin edge; In air, be easy to cooling, can not keep the condition of high temperature, in addition; The periphery of propeller blade is thin; Thicker, vane thickness is inhomogeneous, and pneumatic hammer is difficult to forge processing.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is in order to overcome the shortcoming that prior art exists; A kind of employing stainless steel thick plate material is provided, through heating roll extrusion, operation such as heating and mould pressing typing again; Make the propeller arrangement of moulding dexterous; Intensity is good, the saving energy of ship, the rolling-type processing method of fireballing stainless steel marine propeller.
The technical scheme of the rolling-type processing method of stainless steel marine propeller of the present invention is: it is characterized in that:
The first step is got material: get stainless pipe and process the stainless steel propeller hub, get corrosion resistant plate system blade blank;
Heating before the second step roll extrusion: adopt heating furnace, corrosion resistant plate blade blank is put into heating furnace be heated to 800 ℃-1150 ℃;
The 3rd step roll extrusion: use roller press the stainless steel blade blank after heating is carried out roll extrusion, described roller press comprises frame and rolling mechanism, and described frame comprises base; Bottom plate is set on the base, and four jiaos of bottom plate are provided with guide pillar, and fixed head is installed at the top of guide pillar; Between bottom plate and the upper mounted plate portable plate is arranged, portable plate has pilot hole to match with the guide pillar activity for four jiaos, and described rolling mechanism comprises seaming roll and following live-rollers; Install bearing below the described portable plate; Match with upper bearing (metal) in two of last seaming roll, last seaming roll is driven by the rotating shaft of last roller motor after the reducing gear speed change and rotates last seaming roll rotation speed n=1-3 rev/mins; Hydraulic cylinder is set on the upper mounted plate; Hydraulic cylinder connects oil pump through petroleum pipeline, and the piston rod of hydraulic cylinder connects portable plate, and hydraulic cylinder presses down last seaming roll through portable plate or rises mobile; Said two of live-rollers down cooperates with lower bearing; Lower bearing is installed on the bottom plate, and following live-rollers is by the output shaft drive rotation of roller motor after gear-box slows down down, the rotating speed of following live-rollers and the synchronization of last seaming roll; On base and bottom plate, raceway is set; The height of raceway is top highly consistent with following live-rollers, and the stainless steel blade blank after the heating gets into through raceway and goes up between seaming roll and the following live-rollers, through processing the tapered plane blade after the roll extrusion;
The 4th step typing heating: the tapered plane blade is put into heating furnace post bake to 700 ℃-900 ℃;
The mold pressing typing of the 5th step: the mold pressing modular system comprises hydraulic press and shaper; Stainless steel blade after the post bake is placed in the shaper; The curved surface of shaper is according to the requirement design of marine propeller; Mould is divided into stock mould and last dynamic model down, through getting curved surface stainless steel blade after the shaper compressing moulding;
The 6th step welding: get the curved surface stainless steel blade after stainless steel propeller hub and the moulding, the stainless steel blade after the moulding of employing electric weld handle is welded on the stainless steel propeller hub;
The 7th polishing: at first carry out sanding, make the stainless steel marine propeller after polishing with full-disk buff again with the oxide layer and the weld of stainless steel blade surface of emery wheel after to welding.
The invention discloses a kind of rolling-type processing method of stainless steel marine propeller; Take the stainless pipe material; The material that will select for use diameter and pipe thickness to be consistent according to the size of making screw needs only like this and cuts length, and need not process the profile of propeller hub and the size in aperture; Save material, reduce processing charges.It is thicker that the blade of screw is welded on of propeller hub; Blade is just thin more more outward; This one thick and blade attenuate gradually relies on roll extrusion to come out, so the stainless steel materials thickness of taking is slightly thicker than or is equal to the thickness of propeller shank, on the stainless plate of bulk, carry out the line of size and shape; Cut into stainless steel blade blank again, cutting tool comprises the cutting of employing plasma or sawing or gas cutting etc.Heating furnace is adopted in heating before the hydraulic pressure, stainless steel blade blank is put into heating furnace heat; Heating-up temperature is 800 ℃ of-1150 ℃ of states, and roll extrusion is different with equipment that forges and method, and key technology of the present invention is the technology and the equipment of roll extrusion; Adopt a kind of special roller press; This roller press comprises rack section and rolling mechanism part, and described frame comprises base, bottom plate, upper mounted plate and intermediate active plate, and three-lane road is by four guide pillars (or claiming column) polyphone; Upper and lower two boards is fixed, and the intermediate active plate is done up and down.Rolling mechanism comprises a following live-rollers that can only rotate; The last seaming roll that another root can rotate and do to press down; Processed blade between upper and lower roll through the time rolled and pressed double action, particularly go up downward pressure that seaming roll produces for continuing to increase, so begun thick by the blade after the roll extrusion; Attenuate gradually then, the requirement that this meets, and propeller shank is thick, the tip is thin.Even and the corrosion resistant plate after the rolling technology heating can continue processing under the situation that temperature descends,, be included in and install bearing below the portable plate about the concrete structure and the annexation of rolling mechanism; Two of last seaming roll is processed axle and is matched with upper bearing (metal), and roller motor is being set on the base of frame, and last roller motor is through the reducing gear speed change; For being driven, less power of motor goes up seaming roll; So reducing gear is the more piece gear reduction, rotating speed is become very slow, the output revolving shaft of reducing gear after speed change drives through shaft coupling and goes up seaming roll; Rotation speed n=1-3 of last seaming roll rev/min, rotating torque is very big like this.Last seaming roll not only rotates, and will press down simultaneously, just can make processed blade attenuation; Play the roll extrusion function; The mechanism that last seaming roll is pressed down comprises the oil pump that is installed on the base, is arranged on the hydraulic cylinder on the upper mounted plate, and the piston rod of hydraulic cylinder connects portable plate; Pressure control is adjustable, make under the effect of pressure fuel pump portable plate on seaming roll press down.The rotation that following live-rollers produces; Be that roller motor down is set on base; Following roller motor drives live-rollers down through the rotating speed of more piece gear-box deceleration rear output shaft equally very slowly, makes down the synchronization of live-rollers and last seaming roll, after last seaming roll carries out rolling and processing with following live-rollers to processed blade; Make the metallographic structure of stainless steel blade that variation take place, intensity is improved.Trial product is the detection of Baosteel industrial technology Services Co., Ltd through Shanghai, and hot strength is 270MPa, surpasses more than the designing requirement 250MPa, and percentage elongation reaches about 640MPa, the index that is above standard 500MPa.On base and bottom plate, raceway is set; The height of raceway (upper surface) is consistent with the height of following live-rollers (top), and processed stainless steel blade blank passes through between last seaming roll and following live-rollers through raceway, after the process finishing; Again seaming roll is raise; Take out the blade after processing, this roller press not only can also be processed two broadsides of blade the length direction processing of blade.After making blade reach the thickness of designing requirement through roller press, put into heating furnace to blade again and carry out post bake, blade through post bake to 700 ℃-900 ℃ softening after; Be put in the shaper, shaper is positioned on the hydraulic press (hydraulic press specifically be configured to prior art, can purchase from market); Comprise stock mould and last dynamic model down; The die cavity of mould designs and makes according to the shape of screw, becomes curved surface through blade after the typing mold pressing, and cambered blade is welded on the propeller hub; With emery wheel the oxide layer of weld and blade surface is carried out sanding, polishing, obtain the stainless steel marine propeller of moulding.
The rolling-type processing method of stainless steel marine propeller of the present invention, described heating furnace are electrothermal furnace or coke-fired furnace.Said corrosion resistant plate blade blank is put into heating furnace and is heated to 1000 ℃-1100 ℃.Said tapered plane blade is put into the heating furnace post bake, is heated to 800 ℃.Said hydraulic cylinder is two, and cylinder pressure is 300MPa-800MPa.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the main TV structure sketch map of stainless steel marine propeller roller press;
Fig. 2 is the plan structure sketch map of stainless steel marine propeller roller press;
Fig. 3 is the main TV structure sketch map of hydraulic press and shaper.
The specific embodiment
The present invention relates to a kind of rolling-type processing method of stainless steel marine propeller,, it is characterized in that like Fig. 1-shown in Figure 3:
The first step is got material: get stainless pipe and process the stainless steel propeller hub, get corrosion resistant plate system blade blank;
Heating before the second step roll extrusion: adopt heating furnace, corrosion resistant plate blade blank is put into heating furnace be heated to 800 ℃-1150 ℃;
The 3rd step roll extrusion: use roller press the stainless steel blade blank after heating is carried out roll extrusion, described roller press comprises frame and rolling mechanism, and described frame comprises base 1; Bottom plate 12 is set on the base, and four jiaos of bottom plate are provided with guide pillar 11, and fixed head 13 is installed at the top of guide pillar 11; Between bottom plate 12 and the upper mounted plate 13 portable plate 14 is arranged, portable plate has pilot hole 141 to match with guide pillar 11 activities for four jiaos, and described rolling mechanism comprises seaming roll 2 and following live-rollers 3; Install bearing 142 below the described portable plate 14; Match with upper bearing (metal) 142 in two of last seaming roll 2, last seaming roll 2 is driven by the rotating shaft 28 of last roller motor 21 after reducing gear 22 speed changes and rotates last seaming roll rotation speed n=1-3 rev/mins; Hydraulic cylinder 24 is set on the upper mounted plate 13; Hydraulic cylinder 24 connects oil pumps 26 through petroleum pipeline 27, and the piston rod 25 of hydraulic cylinder connects portable plates 14, and hydraulic cylinder 24 presses down through 14 pairs of last seaming rolls 2 of portable plate or rises mobile; Said two of live-rollers 3 down cooperates with lower bearing 31; Lower bearing is installed on the bottom plate 12; Following live-rollers 3 is by the output shaft 33 drive rotations of roller motor 32 after gear-box 35 slows down down; The synchronization of the rotating speed of following live-rollers 3 and last seaming roll 2 is provided with raceway 5 on base and bottom plate 12, the height of raceway and following live-rollers 3 top 36 highly consistent; Stainless steel blade blank after the heating gets into through raceway and goes up between seaming roll 2 and the following live-rollers 3, through processing the tapered plane blade after the roll extrusion;
The 4th step typing heating: the tapered plane blade is put into heating furnace post bake to 700 ℃-900 ℃;
The mold pressing typing of the 5th step: the mold pressing modular system comprises hydraulic press 6 and shaper 7; Stainless steel blade after the post bake is placed in the shaper 7; The curved surface of shaper 7 is according to the requirement design of marine propeller; Mould is divided into stock mould 72 and last dynamic model 71 down, through getting curved surface stainless steel blade after the shaper compressing moulding;
The 6th step welding: get the curved surface stainless steel blade after stainless steel propeller hub and the moulding, the stainless steel blade after the moulding of employing electric weld handle is welded on the stainless steel propeller hub;
The 7th polishing: at first carry out sanding, make the stainless steel marine propeller after polishing with full-disk buff again with the oxide layer and the weld of stainless steel blade surface of emery wheel after to welding.
Take the stainless pipe material, as long as the material that select for use diameter and pipe thickness to be consistent according to the size of making screw like this cutting length, and need not be processed the profile of propeller hub and the size in aperture, saving material, reduction processing charges.It is thicker that the blade of screw is welded on of propeller hub; Blade is just thin more more outward; This one thick and blade attenuate gradually relies on roll extrusion to come out, so the stainless steel materials thickness of taking is slightly thicker than or is equal to the thickness of propeller shank, on the stainless plate of bulk, carry out the line of size and shape; Cut into stainless steel blade blank again, cutting tool comprises the cutting of employing plasma or sawing or gas cutting etc.Heating furnace is adopted in heating before the hydraulic pressure, stainless steel blade blank is put into heating furnace heat; Heating-up temperature is 800 ℃ of-1150 ℃ of states, and roll extrusion is different with equipment that forges and method, and key technology of the present invention is the technology and the equipment of roll extrusion; Adopt a kind of special roller press; This roller press comprises rack section and rolling mechanism part, and described frame comprises base 1, bottom plate 12, upper mounted plate 13 and intermediate active plate 14, and three-lane road is by four guide pillars 11 (or claiming column) polyphone; Upper and lower two boards is fixed, and intermediate active plate 14 is done up and down.Rolling mechanism comprises a following live-rollers 3 that can only rotate; The last seaming roll 2 that another root can rotate and do to press down; Processed blade between upper and lower roll through the time rolled and pressed double action, particularly go up downward pressure that seaming roll 2 produces for continuing to increase, so begun thick by the blade after the roll extrusion; Attenuate gradually then, the requirement that this meets, and propeller shank is thick, the tip is thin.Even and the corrosion resistant plate after the rolling technology heating can continue processing under the situation that temperature descends,, be included in and install bearing 142 below the portable plate 14 about the concrete structure and the annexation of rolling mechanism; Two of last seaming roll 2 is processed axle and is matched with upper bearing (metal) 142, on the base 1 of frame, roller motor 21 is set, and last roller motor is through reducing gear 22 speed changes; For being driven, less power of motor goes up seaming roll 2; So reducing gear 22 is the more piece gear reduction, rotating speed is become very slow, the output revolving shaft of reducing gear after speed change drives through shaft coupling and goes up seaming roll 2; Rotation speed n=1-3 of last seaming roll rev/min, rotating torque is very big like this.Last seaming roll not only rotates, and will press down simultaneously, just can make processed blade attenuation; Play the roll extrusion function; The mechanism that last seaming roll 2 is pressed down comprises the oil pump 26 that is installed on the base 1, is arranged on the hydraulic cylinder 24 on the upper mounted plate 13, and the piston rod 25 of hydraulic cylinder connects portable plate; Pressure control is adjustable, make under the effect of oil pump 26 pressure portable plate on seaming roll 2 press down.The rotation that following live-rollers 3 produces; Be that roller motor 32 down is set on base 1; Following roller motor drives live-rollers 3 down through the rotating speed of more piece gear-box 35 deceleration rear output shafts 33 equally very slowly, makes down the synchronization of live-rollers and last seaming roll, after last seaming roll 2 carries out rolling and processing with following live-rollers to processed blade; Make the metallographic structure of stainless steel blade that variation take place, intensity is improved.Trial product is the detection of Baosteel industrial technology Services Co., Ltd through Shanghai, and hot strength is 270MPa, surpasses more than the designing requirement 250MPa, and percentage elongation reaches about 640MPa, the index that is above standard 500MPa.On base 1 and bottom plate 12, raceway 5 is set; The height of raceway (upper surface) is consistent with the height of following live-rollers 3 (top), and processed stainless steel blade blank passes through between last seaming roll 2 and following live-rollers 3 through raceway 5, after the process finishing; Again seaming roll is raise; Take out the blade after processing, this roller press not only can also be processed two broadsides of blade the length direction processing of blade.After making blade reach the thickness of designing requirement through roller press, put into heating furnace to blade again and carry out post bake, blade through post bake to 700 ℃-900 ℃ softening after; Be put in the shaper, shaper 7 is positioned on the hydraulic press 6 (hydraulic press specifically be configured to prior art, can purchase from market); Comprise stock mould 72 and last dynamic model 71 down; The die cavity of mould designs and makes according to the shape of screw, becomes curved surface through typing mold pressing 7 back blades, and cambered blade is welded on the propeller hub; With emery wheel the oxide layer of weld and blade surface is carried out sanding, polishing, obtain the stainless steel marine propeller of moulding.Described heating furnace is electrothermal furnace or coke-fired furnace.Said corrosion resistant plate blade blank is put into heating furnace and is heated to 1000 ℃-1100 ℃.Said tapered plane blade is put into the heating furnace post bake, is heated to 800 ℃.Said hydraulic cylinder 24 is two, and cylinder pressure is 300MPa-800MPa.