CN101401746B - Method for quickly producing removalbe partial denture bracket - Google Patents

Method for quickly producing removalbe partial denture bracket Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101401746B
CN101401746B CN2008101975179A CN200810197517A CN101401746B CN 101401746 B CN101401746 B CN 101401746B CN 2008101975179 A CN2008101975179 A CN 2008101975179A CN 200810197517 A CN200810197517 A CN 200810197517A CN 101401746 B CN101401746 B CN 101401746B
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laser
metal
powder
basal board
alloy powder
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CN101401746A (en
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曾晓雁
王泽敏
陈光霞
胡乾午
关凯
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Shanghai explore Laser Technology Co., Ltd.
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Huazhong University of Science and Technology
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Abstract

The invention discloses a process for quickly manufacturing a removable partial denture bracket by laser, which mainly comprises the following steps: acquiring a three-dimensional part model of a tooth jaw of a patient, adding an indented thin-wall support to the model, layering and dispersing to generate laser processing numerical control instructions, and paving powder on a preheated and insulated metal substrate; and then using a continuous YAG or fiber laser with the beam quality M<2> is smaller than 1.1 to melt metal or alloy powder in a special granularity range layer by layer by using optimized powder paving thickness, falling height of a forming cylinder and a laser processing technique under a focusing light spot of 10 to 100 mu m, and finishing melting, accumulating and processing of the whole part; and finally carrying out tempering heat treatment on the formed part, to obtain the removable partial deture bracket, which combines metallurgy and has a tissue density close to 100 percent. The process can overcome the difficulty of the prior art, and directly manufacture the removable partial denture bracket which has the advantages of high precision and high surface smoothness, no deformation and excellent mechanical property.

Description

A kind of method of quickly producing removalbe partial denture bracket
Technical field
The invention belongs to the manufacturing field of stomatology dummy, be specifically related to a kind of method of selective laser smelting technology quickly producing removalbe partial denture bracket.
Background technology
Defect of dentition is a kind of commonly encountered diseases and the frequently-occurring disease of the department of stomatology, accounts for 24%~53% in the nature population.The stent-type removable denture is worn with more convenient, comfortable because price is relatively low, is one of more satisfactory and first-selected restorative procedure of defect of dentition patient.Make the denture material metal and plastics two classes are arranged, metal rack obviously is better than plastic stent in mechanical properties, life-time service can not deform or rupture in the oral cavity, and metal rack thickness under the prerequisite of guaranteed performance is thinner, and it is more comfortable that the patient feels.Therefore, the design of removable partial denture metal rack and manufacture method become primary study and the development goal in the Oral Repair medical science.
The technology of making the removable partial denture metal rack at present comprises technology such as casting, powder metallurgy and superplastic forming.Wherein, using maximum technology in the clinical medicine is casting, though the principle of this technology is simple, grasped by the operator easily, but its operation is loaded down with trivial details, complex-shaped, the wall of denture approach simultaneously, casting is difficult to guarantee the metal complete filling, is easy to generate multiple metallurgical imperfection.The light metal titanium or titanium alloy is owing to having good mechanical performance and excellent biocompatibility to become the first-selection of oral cavity metal restoration.But since titanium or titanium alloy material melting point height, very easily oxidation, and easy-formation is not difficult to realize with traditional casting method.The precision of PM technique molding is higher, but technology is comparatively complicated, the bond strength of prepared support is on the low side, and need in alloy powder, add the intensity that low-melting alloy powder such as a spot of copper could improve support, but these constituent elements may bring some toxic and side effects, and are unfavorable to health.The superplastic forming technology is very big for the limitation of material, can only be used for the Ti-Al-V alloy at present.Owing to can't fit fully between mould and the machined material, influence and the gas expansion forming spare thickness distribution owing to thermal expansion in the forming process exists difference simultaneously, causes the size of support to exist bigger error in the superplastic formation process.In sum, above-mentioned technology exists some common shortcomings: all need to make mould, whole manufacturing process loaded down with trivial details lack of standardization again, the cycle is long, cost is high, and quality problems often occur.Because precision is relatively poor, stent-type removable partial denture once low with regard to bit rate, adaptation and maintenance less stable, thereby deviation can appear wearing, cause discontinuity, the patient has the difference sense, even symptoms such as oral cavity tissue distortion, pain occur, makes many patients feel dissatisfied to the metal rack artificial tooth.
At irregular complicated shape of skeleton of partial denture and personalized characteristics, no mould, high accuracy, short period and supermatic manufacture method become new developing direction, and the metal laser rapid shaping technique adapts to the desirable technique of this development trend just.The metal laser rapid shaping technique can realize the direct manufacturing of multiple metal parts, mainly comprise two classes, the one, direct laser formation technology (the Direct Laser Fabrication of employing nozzle powder feeding, DLF), but because the hot spot of laser action is bigger, generally about 1mm, the dimensional accuracy of gained metal parts and surface smoothness are all poor, are fit to make the not high large-scale metal blank of precision.The 2nd, selective laser smelting technology (Selective LaserMelting, SLM) be by cylinder or scraper plate shop powder, focussed laser beam mainly is fit to make the micro metal part of high dimensional accuracy and surface smoothness according to the direct manufacturing of electing property of figure scanning melting powder realization metal parts.Complex-shaped, the wall of denture approach, owing to have bigger slope curved surface and thin-walled, the laser formation process can be subjected to the influence of big slope curved surface and thin-walled and stop; Simultaneously because the major part of part all is the thin-walled polymorphic structure, the thermal stress that forming process produces can cause part irreversible transformation to occur part is scrapped.Just because of above-mentioned technological difficulties, do not see both at home and abroad that at present the metal laser rapid shaping technique successfully makes the report of removalbe partial denture bracket.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome above-mentioned weak point, provide a kind of process of quickly producing removalbe partial denture bracket, the removalbe partial denture bracket that utilizes this method can directly produce high accuracy and high surface finish, nothing distortion and have excellent mechanical properties.
The process of quickly producing removalbe partial denture bracket provided by the invention, the employing laser power is 100~200W, beam quality M 2<1.1 continuous YAG or optical fiber laser, focused spot size are 10~100 μ m; Used metal or alloy powder comprises rustless steel, cobalt-chromium alloy, pure titanium or titanium alloy powder, and the granularity of powder is less than 45 μ m, but the maximum particle diameter of powder is more than or equal to 10 μ m; When used metal or alloy powder was rustless steel or cobalt-chromium alloy material, the material of metal basal board was a rustless steel, and when used metal or alloy powder was pure titanium or titanium alloy material, the material of metal basal board was the titanium plate; Its concrete treatment step comprises:
(1) obtains patient oral cavity Gypsum Fibrosum and sting mould, obtain the three-dimensional data of patient's dentognathic model, utilize three-dimensional data to generate the CAD part model again; Save as stl file after adopting Magics software to excessive position of part slope or the support of thin-walled position interpolation zigzag thin-walled, stl file is imported the SLM rapid forming equipment carry out the branch layer scattering, generate the Laser Processing numerical control code by section software;
(2) be that the metal basal board of 25~40mm is preheating to 80~100 ℃ with thickness, and in whole laser formation process, be incubated;
(3) preset the powder bed of one deck 20~60 μ m thickness in metallic substrate surfaces, laser instrument scans this powder bed according to the path that the Laser Processing numerical control code is set, and makes the metal or alloy powder form smooth melting zone on metal basal board; When this layer was handled, the laser formation technological parameter was: laser power 150~200W, laser focusing hot spot 10~100 μ m, amount of lap 0.01~0.03mm, scanning speed 50~250mm/s;
(4), on melting zone, reinitialize the powder bed of one deck 20~60 μ m thickness again with metal basal board decline 10~30 μ m;
(5) utilize laser instrument the metal or alloy powder bed that reinitializes to be carried out scanning moulding, form new melting zone by the path of setting; The laser formation technological parameter is: laser power 100~200W, laser focusing hot spot 10~100 μ m, amount of lap 0.01~0.05mm, scanning speed 50~1000mm/s;
(6) repeat above-mentioned steps (4) and (5), pile up processing until the fusing of finishing whole part;
(7) metal basal board and part being put into temperature is 500~800 ℃ inert gas shielding or vacuum heat treatment furnace, is incubated furnace cooling after 1~2 hour;
(8) part is cut down from metal basal board, remove thin-walled and support, and piece surface is carried out blasting treatment, obtain required denture.
The present invention has following technique effect:
(1) the present invention is automatization, no mould final molding, and manufacture process does not need casting pattern or forging mold, is not subjected to the influence of moulding material, can significantly reduce manufacturing cost, shortens the manufacturing cycle.
(2) employing has solved the too big or thin difficult problem that causes the laser formation process to stop of wall owing to the slope curved surface to the method for excessive position of denture slope or thin-walled position interpolation supplemental support.
(3) substrate is carried out The pre-heat treatment and between whole shaping period, be incubated, reduced the formation of inner stress of work in the laser formation process, thereby reduce denture because the deflection that thermal stress causes, guarantee the dimensional accuracy of denture.Also increased absorbance with the powder of intermittent fever to laser.
(4) adopt independent laser processing technology parameter to handle the ground floor powder, make the ground floor powder overcome high pyroconductivity and be completely melted, obtain and substrate strong bonded, smooth metal molten layer, guarantee carrying out smoothly of follow-up shop powder and laser formation.
(5) select the metal or alloy powder of specified particle size scope for use, shop powder thickness, molding cylinder falling head and the laser processing technology of optimization carry out high accuracy and the surface smoothness that laser formation is realized denture in conjunction with the solid state laser of high light beam quality.
(6) denture and substrate integral body are carried out tempering heat treatment, can eliminate the inner residual internal stress of denture substantially, further improve the mechanical performance of part.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of Three-dimensional Entity Components model of removalbe partial denture bracket;
Fig. 2 is that Fig. 1 adds the Three-dimensional Entity Components model after the zigzag thin-walled supports.
The specific embodiment
The present invention will be further described in detail for example below.Three-dimensional Entity Components among Fig. 1 is the removalbe partial denture bracket designed according to an oral cavity patient's defect of dentition, has the characteristics of case.
Fig. 2 utilizes Magics software that the part that figure shown in Figure 1 adds after the zigzag thin-walled supports is illustrated.
Here Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 being listed, is for better in conjunction with the embodiments explanation implementation procedure of the present invention.
Embodiment 1: the rustless steel removalbe partial denture bracket is made in the selective laser fusing fast
The figure that sees figures.1.and.2.The 3 d part model that has added after the zigzag thin-walled supports shown in Figure 2 is saved as the STL formatted file, adopt hierarchy slicing software to carry out the branch layer scattering, generate Laser Processing numerical control instruction.Select continuous YAG laser for use, the material of making denture is the stainless steel alloy powder of granularity<45 μ m, with the thick corrosion resistant plate of 25mm as substrate, shop powder thickness 60 μ m, shop powder speed 3.0m/min, the each falling head of molding cylinder is 20 μ m.
The laser processing technology parameter of ground floor is: laser power 150W, scanning speed 50mm/s, amount of lap 0.01mm.The laser processing technology parameter of succeeding layer is: laser power 130W, scanning speed 250mm/s, amount of lap 0.04mm.
After laser formation finished, it was 500 ℃ argon shield heat-treatment furnace that substrate and workpiece are put into temperature together, is incubated 2 hours, then furnace cooling.The cooling back is downcut part with the method for line cutting from substrate, removes thin-walled and supports.The removalbe partial denture bracket density of molding is near 100%, and mechanical performance is good, and dimensional accuracy reaches ± 0.1mm, surface roughness R aBe 8~10 μ m, the part of molding is carried out follow-up Surface Machining such as sandblast, surface roughness R aCan reach 4~5 μ m.
Embodiment 2: cobalt-evanohm removalbe partial denture bracket is made in the selective laser fusing fast
The figure that sees figures.1.and.2.The 3 d part model that has added after the zigzag thin-walled supports shown in Figure 2 is saved as the STL formatted file, adopt hierarchy slicing software to carry out the branch layer scattering, generate Laser Processing numerical control instruction.Select the continuous semiconductor light-pumped solid state laser for use; the material of making denture is cobalt-evanohm powder of granularity<40 μ m; with the thick corrosion resistant plate of 30mm as substrate; shop powder thickness 40 μ m; shop powder speed 3.0m/min; the each falling head of molding cylinder is 20 μ m, and manufacturing process adopts the high-purity argon gas protection.
The laser processing technology parameter of ground floor is: laser power 150W, scanning speed 150mm/s, amount of lap 0.02mm.The laser processing technology parameter of succeeding layer is: laser power 150W, scanning speed 500mm/s, amount of lap 0.03mm.
After laser formation finished, it was 650 ℃ argon shield heat-treatment furnace that substrate and workpiece are put into temperature together, is incubated 1 hour, then furnace cooling.The cooling back is downcut part with the method for line cutting from substrate, removes thin-walled and supports.The removalbe partial denture bracket density of molding is near 100%, and mechanical performance is good, and dimensional accuracy reaches ± 0.1mm, surface roughness R aBe 8~10 μ m.Part to molding carries out follow-up Surface Machining such as sandblast, surface roughness R aCan reach 4~5 μ m.
Embodiment 3: the titanium alloy removalbe partial denture bracket is made in the selective laser fusing fast
The figure that sees figures.1.and.2.The 3 d part model that has added after the zigzag thin-walled supports shown in Figure 2 is saved as the STL formatted file, adopt hierarchy slicing software to carry out the branch layer scattering, generate Laser Processing numerical control instruction.Select continuous Yb optical fiber laser for use, the material of making denture is the Ti-6Al-4V alloy powder of granularity<20 μ m, with the thick titanium plate of 40mm as substrate; shop powder thickness 20 μ m; shop powder speed 3.0m/min, the each falling head of molding cylinder is 20 μ m, manufacturing process adopts the high-purity argon gas protection.
The laser processing technology parameter of ground floor is: laser power 160W, scanning speed 150mm/s, amount of lap 0.03mm.The laser processing technology parameter of succeeding layer is: laser power 140W, scanning speed 800mm/s, amount of lap 0.01mm.
After laser formation finished, it was 800 ℃ vacuum heat treatment furnace that substrate and workpiece are put into temperature together, is incubated 1 hour, then furnace cooling.The cooling back is downcut part with the method for line cutting from substrate, removes thin-walled and supports.The removalbe partial denture bracket density of molding is near 100%, and mechanical performance is good, and dimensional accuracy reaches ± 0.2mm, surface roughness R aBe 8~10 μ m, the part of molding is carried out follow-up Surface Machining such as sandblast, surface roughness R aCan reach 4~5 μ m.
Utilize the surface roughness R of manufacturing part of the present invention aBe 8~10 μ m, through follow-up blasting treatment rear surface roughness R aCan be less than 5 μ m.The specific embodiment of the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned a kind of in for example, by selecting the metal or alloy powder of variety classes and particle diameter, adopt different laser processing technology parameters, the present invention can adopt multiple mode specific implementation in addition, and can reach good invention effect.

Claims (2)

1. the process of a quickly producing removalbe partial denture bracket, the employing laser power is 100~200W, beam quality M 2<1.1 continuous YAG or optical fiber laser, focused spot size are 10~100 μ m; Used metal or alloy powder comprises rustless steel, cobalt-chromium alloy, pure titanium or titanium alloy powder, and the granularity of powder is less than 45 μ m, but the maximum particle diameter of powder is more than or equal to 10 μ m; When used metal or alloy powder was rustless steel or cobalt-chromium alloy material, the material of metal basal board was a rustless steel, and when used metal or alloy powder was pure titanium or titanium alloy material, the material of metal basal board was the titanium plate; Its concrete treatment step comprises:
(1) obtains patient oral cavity Gypsum Fibrosum and sting mould, obtain the three-dimensional data of patient's dentognathic model, utilize three-dimensional data to generate the CAD part model again; Save as stl file after adopting Magics software to excessive position of part slope or the support of thin-walled position interpolation zigzag thin-walled, stl file is imported the SLM rapid forming equipment carry out the branch layer scattering, generate the Laser Processing numerical control code by section software;
(2) be that the metal basal board of 25~40mm is preheating to 80~100 ℃ with thickness, and in whole laser formation process, be incubated;
(3) preset the powder bed of one deck 20~60 μ m thickness in metallic substrate surfaces, laser instrument scans this powder bed according to the path that the Laser Processing numerical control code is set, and makes the metal or alloy powder form smooth melting zone on metal basal board; When this layer was handled, the laser formation technological parameter was: laser power 150~200W, laser focusing hot spot 10~100 μ m, amount of lap 0.01~0.03mm, scanning speed 50~250mm/s;
(4), on melting zone, reinitialize the powder bed of one deck 20~60 μ m thickness again with metal basal board decline 10~30 μ m;
(5) utilize laser instrument the metal or alloy powder bed that reinitializes to be carried out scanning moulding, form new melting zone by the path of setting; The laser formation technological parameter is: laser power 100~200W, laser focusing hot spot 10~100 μ m, amount of lap 0.01~0.05mm, scanning speed 50~1000mm/s;
(6) repeat above-mentioned steps (4) and (5), pile up processing until the fusing of finishing whole part;
(7) metal basal board and part being put into temperature is 500~800 ℃ inert gas shielding or vacuum heat treatment furnace, is incubated furnace cooling after 1~2 hour;
(8) part is cut down from metal basal board, remove thin-walled and support, and piece surface is carried out blasting treatment, obtain required denture.
2. process according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in the step (4), with the metal basal board 20 μ m that descend.
CN2008101975179A 2008-10-30 2008-10-30 Method for quickly producing removalbe partial denture bracket Active CN101401746B (en)

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CN104084582A (en) * 2014-07-23 2014-10-08 上海上远齿科技术有限公司 False tooth support prepared from metal powder through laser casting and preparation method of false tooth support
CN104117672B (en) * 2014-07-31 2017-01-18 华中科技大学 Method for preparing/forming amorphous alloy and composite material of amorphous alloy
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CN105537587B (en) * 2015-12-18 2018-02-27 绍兴文理学院 A kind of method for eliminating nickel-base alloy selective laser and melting crackle
CN105930615B (en) * 2016-05-12 2019-07-26 中国人民解放军第四军医大学 The flowing transportation work station of CAD-CAM-3D print system and mouth mending material is processed automatically
CN106037966B (en) * 2016-05-12 2018-01-02 中国人民解放军第四军医大学 A kind of mouth mending material CAD/ metals 3D automatization processing methods
CN105852998B (en) * 2016-05-12 2018-12-21 中国人民解放军第四军医大学 A kind of CAD/CAM/3D automatization processing method of mouth mending material
CN106264762B (en) * 2016-07-20 2019-04-12 中国人民解放军第四军医大学 Mouth mending material CAD/CAM/SLM-3D prints complex method
CN106580496B (en) * 2016-11-18 2018-09-21 中国人民解放军第四军医大学 A kind of same period row fixes-movable combined remediation method
CN107900332B (en) * 2017-11-15 2018-10-26 成都优材科技有限公司 Dentistry plants the 3D printing method of holder
CN109247996B (en) * 2018-09-29 2021-12-17 上海瑞博医疗科技有限公司 Titanium alloy denture stent and manufacturing method thereof
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CN1288366A (en) * 1998-01-16 2001-03-21 斯特凡·沃尔茨 Method for producing completedly ceramic inlays, crowns, bridges, partial bridges, frames for implants or super structures in the field of dentistry
CN1328434A (en) * 1998-10-02 2001-12-26 威兰贵金属股份有限公司 Method for producing prosthetic moulded parts for dental use and prosthetic moulded part

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US5139419A (en) * 1990-01-19 1992-08-18 Ormco Corporation Method of forming an orthodontic brace
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CN1288366A (en) * 1998-01-16 2001-03-21 斯特凡·沃尔茨 Method for producing completedly ceramic inlays, crowns, bridges, partial bridges, frames for implants or super structures in the field of dentistry
CN1328434A (en) * 1998-10-02 2001-12-26 威兰贵金属股份有限公司 Method for producing prosthetic moulded parts for dental use and prosthetic moulded part

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