CA2077642A1 - Method for bending pipes - Google Patents
Method for bending pipesInfo
- Publication number
- CA2077642A1 CA2077642A1 CA002077642A CA2077642A CA2077642A1 CA 2077642 A1 CA2077642 A1 CA 2077642A1 CA 002077642 A CA002077642 A CA 002077642A CA 2077642 A CA2077642 A CA 2077642A CA 2077642 A1 CA2077642 A1 CA 2077642A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- pipe
- bending
- bend
- information
- angles
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D7/00—Bending rods, profiles, or tubes
- B21D7/12—Bending rods, profiles, or tubes with programme control
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/42—Recording and playback systems, i.e. in which the programme is recorded from a cycle of operations, e.g. the cycle of operations being manually controlled, after which this record is played back on the same machine
- G05B19/4202—Recording and playback systems, i.e. in which the programme is recorded from a cycle of operations, e.g. the cycle of operations being manually controlled, after which this record is played back on the same machine preparation of the programme medium using a drawing, a model
- G05B19/4207—Recording and playback systems, i.e. in which the programme is recorded from a cycle of operations, e.g. the cycle of operations being manually controlled, after which this record is played back on the same machine preparation of the programme medium using a drawing, a model in which a model is traced or scanned and corresponding data recorded
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/30—Nc systems
- G05B2219/31—From computer integrated manufacturing till monitoring
- G05B2219/31033—Record on site dimensions of pipe, tube configuration, to install pipe
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/30—Nc systems
- G05B2219/31—From computer integrated manufacturing till monitoring
- G05B2219/31205—Remote transmission of measured values from site, local to host
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/30—Nc systems
- G05B2219/36—Nc in input of data, input key till input tape
- G05B2219/36283—Select, enter machining, cutting conditions, material file, tool file
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/30—Nc systems
- G05B2219/37—Measurements
- G05B2219/37403—Bending, springback angle
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/30—Nc systems
- G05B2219/45—Nc applications
- G05B2219/45143—Press-brake, bending machine
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
- Y02P90/02—Total factory control, e.g. smart factories, flexible manufacturing systems [FMS] or integrated manufacturing systems [IMS]
Abstract
A method for bending pipes, where there is created a file containing known spring-back and extension properties of various pipe materials and sizes at different angles of bend; the routing of the pipe is determined on the intended site of installation of the pipe, for instance by defining the coordinates of the bending points, or by directly measuring the lengths as well as angles and planes of bend of the straight parts of the pipe; on the basis of the predetermined pipe routing, there is defined the geometrical information for the pipe, this information including the lengths of the straight parts, and the radiuses and planes of bend of the pipe angles; bending instructions for bending the pipe are created on the basis of this material information, including extension and spring-back information, calculated or measured geometrical information of the pipe as well as information of its size; and the pipe is bent according to the created bending information.
Description
WO91/13706PCT/Fl91/00067 f `
2577~2 METHOD FOR BENDING PIPES
The present invention relates to the method defined in the introductory ~ection of patent claim 1.
5~he methods known in the prior art for bending metal pipes and for determining their b~nding points are ba6ed on the planning of pipe routes, where the routing of the pipe is at the ~ir~t stage defined on geometrical grounds only.
10~ drawback with the prior art methods is that they are inaccurate and time-con~uming, because the geometrical definition of the pipe's routing does not alone ecure the dimensional accuracy of the final bent pipe. Therefore, owing to the extension and spring-back ;~
t2king place during the bending process,- roughly 60 -7 0 % of the time consumed in the preparation of the production i6 used for corrections, where th~ pipe plans are adapted to ~uit the production. An iterative com-puter aided bending method has al80 been used.
Another drawback with the prior art methods is that, owing to their complicated nature, they offer ~^chancès`to severalihuman èrror6.- i i The object of the method of the present inven-~ .. . .. . ... .. ... .. .
tion is to eliminate-the above mentioned drawbacks.
` `- A`~particulàr object oS-~the invention is to introducé a mëthod`which;enàblès automatization at the plannlng and production-stages of plpé bending.
~` Another ob~ect- of the invention^is`to in~ro-``~ `; ~``~duce` a mët ~ ~which utilizès re l,~àxpë`ximèntal informa-30 tion of the behavlour of thé plpe while`;bé`~ingG - -~ Yet `ànothër~ obj ct~ of ithe invention i5 to introdùce a method;which rema`rkably sp e~s;up the plann-~-lng~o~f~a~p~i~p~ r,~r . ~ _r~
[l ~3'~ 2 ~e m~ithod of th ~ esent~ln~ention.is charac-terlzed ~ ~ thé novèl~ fëatùres eniist~d ~in!the patent ^ ~ccording to~the méthod of the in~ention,- -2~77~2 2 - there i6 created a file containing the known spring-back propertie~ and extension properties of di~ferent pipe materials and 6izes, at different angles of bend ~ -of the pipe;
5 - the geometrical routing of the pipe is determined on r the i~tended site of installation of the pipP;
; - on the ba6i6 o~ the predetermined routing of the pipe, there i6 def~ned the geometrical information ~or the pipe, such a~ the lengths of the straight parts and the lO bending radiuses and planes of thP~ pipe angles;
- khere are created bending instructions for the pipes on the basis of the material information recorded in ~` the ~ile, such as extension and spring-back information, calculated or mea~ured geometrical information and 15 information of the pipe sizes J and the pipe is bent according to the created bending nstructions.
The geometrical routing of the pipe is deter-mined by defining the coordinates of the bending points 20 on the site of installation, or by directly measuring - .the lengths of.the straight parts of the pipe, as well as the angles and planes of.bend. A separate file can . be created of the routing of the pipe.
Naturally the instructions can be presented ,, ., ~ - .... . . . . . .
.- -25 ~in~any suitable form, for lnstance as a programme of an ;--- ; automatic bending machine, or a6 a diagram.
~ - In a .pre~erred applicatlon of the method, the geometrical routing of the pipe is ~determined by means . o~ vector.. operatlon~,.on...the basi6 of the coordinates .,, _ ,, " , " , ,_., . , _, __, , .,, ., ,.. , .. ~ . _ ._ .. ~ '! ., _ , .. _ _. ~
30 ~.o~ ~the~bending polnt6..
In another.. preferred~.application of the me I .
jthod, the geometrical routing of thejpipe ls determined by flrst defininy the.coordinates of the be~ding points, ..i .. .. . i, ~, , .., ,; ,, ---~.3-~ .r.s and-by .then aalc,ulating, t~ on the basi6 of t~ie~e, the -..35*.lengths.of the itra~ght parts, the angles of bend, the bending plane vector6, the angles between the bending .planes, the handedne6~ of the planeis and the total sum - . ~, :
. ~ . . , "., . , , :
: I . .. , ;. ,, , . . ,~ , , .
. . .. ~ ~ : , ,: ~'.
WO9l/13706 PCT/FI91/00067 ~` 2~77~2 of the angles of rotation of the bendlng planes.
~ . In another preferred application o~ the me-: thod, the file is created on the basis of bending ex-. periment~, carried out with various size groups of pipe6, variou6 wall thicknesses and various bend angle~, in order to determine the correlation between the actual : bend angle and the target angle, as well as the ~pring-back. .-- ~.
In another preferred application of the me-thod, the file i5 created on the ba6is o~ bending ex-- periment~ with variou6 pipe sizes, variou~ wall thick-nesses and various angles o~ bend, in order to deter- ~:
mlne th~ correlation between the initial length of the - pipe blank and the length after the bending, as well a the bending extension. . ..~
In another preferred application of the me-thod, in order to form the bending instructlons, a .
bending radius i6 chosen for the bending tool of the bending machine, and the real angle of bend for the chosen bending tool6 :is ~defined on the ba6i~ of the desired anyle of~bend;and the chosen pipe size.and wall ~.
..; thicknes6, by utilizing the recorded ~pring-back infor-. mation, corresponding to the-..pipe slze~.and thickness, and the desired angle of bend. .~
;i In--:another preferred-.-application o the me-- thod, for any pipe.- ~izes and/or wall-thlckne~6es that . l all.in i~between.-.and/or out ide the.recorded.~ize6, the ,spring-back reading~:.recorded~in:the~fil ~-.are.interpo- .
lated::andjor-extrapolated.;~ !`' ~,.- '`"~, i J~.r.~ . 'e~
:-30~3 .f~ In.ano~her.:application of the method,~ n.ord~r . .to create the^bendin~-.instructions~.thera.are calculated -.the; ~uccess~ve~.rea}:.~;bending point6^i~0r...the-bending ,machine by..~aking into-.aaaount~the:exten~ion~in~ormation ~ recorded~in~ the file.with;3re6pecteto~the pipe slze and . `~35 wall thickness~-as~well as.~to-~the:~deslred.angle of.bend.
In another preferred application of.the me-.~ - thod,-for any pipe ~lzes and/or wall thicknes6es that 2 ~ ~83766 PCT/Fl9l/OD0~
4 , r fall in between and/or outside the recorded eizes and/or wall thickne~es, the spring-back readings recorded in the file are interpolated and/or extrapolated ; In -another preferred application o~ the me 5 thod, the total length of the straight pipe blank i~ -j cal~ulated in order to create the bending instructions. , -In -another pre~erred application of the me-thod, the locations of the limiters to be programmed ~or the bending machine are calculated in order to lO create the bending instructions.
In yet another pre~erred application of the method, - on the intended 61te o~ instal~ation of the pipe, the coordinates of the branching and/or flanging points are 15 determined; ~ ' - on the ba6is of the recorded material in~ormation, -6uch a~ extension and ~pring-back information, calcu-lated or measured geometrical information of the pipe, pipe 6ize information and predetermined coordinate6 of 20 the branching and/or flanging points, there are defined the actual location~ of ~the holes- for the branching and/or ~langing points in"the straight pipe blank prior to bending the pipe -in order- to-'form holes' in the straight pipe blank.~
~:25 - An advantage of 'the' invention is that both ~the planning of the bending of'the pipe,' as well a~ the i bendlng itsel~,~ can-be ~automated;~:~The-cr'eated flles 'r''.''~,~.~'JS 'are most'advantageously processed by using'the:iproce~-ing and calculation programme'--designed accordin~ to the ~ .:30-'present invention.~;Thi~ programme-checks all Eteps of '~ 5-,~ '; the method -:one~by~one~:in~order to~obtain the;-in~truc-` '.;`.'~ 5 tions~for bending~thes pipe;~i.e~~a:pipe route or part ;`thereo~, and ~urther-~ln-~iorder to realize the same.
This procedure-~reduce~the chances'~of human-~errors down ~, 35--~to'a mi'~imum-and speeds up both the-planning and produc-: - tion processes. ;~ -' another~advantage of: tre invention i~ that ~ 2~77~2 i . ~
. after bending, the ready made pipe can be tran6ported '. to the ~ite o~ installation and installed wlthout ha~ing to make any modifications.
In the following the invention is explained in detail with reference to the appended diagram of opera~
tion, which goes through the various steps of the method. on the basl~ of this diagram of operation, there ' can be built a processing and calculation programme for ' realizing the method in'practice.' : -lO In order to achieve accurate bending of a pipe, ~.
there 16 required information of the pipe to be used, which pipe i~ made of a certain material, has a certain ' diameter and certain wall thi'ckness; the required in~or~
: -mation relates to the actual behaviour of thi6 kind of plpe while bending it at various angles of bend. When : - a pipe i~ bent, it is always somewhat extended, and the ' 'size of: the extension depends on the diameter and wall thicknes6 of the ~aid pipe, as well as on the employed angle o~ bend. While bending,.~ome 6pring-back is al80 . 20 bound ko happen, and ln 6imilar fashion the ext~n~ of the ~pring-back depends on the diameter'and wall thick-ne~s`of`the'pipè,'.as;:wëll'as''on'''the employed angle of bend.`~ -:The:spr'ing-back'means, that-in order to achieve ~thë target'angle, the ::actual an~le- of- bend mu~t be 25 larger than the target angle. ~ : .
Con~e~uently, as a preliminary operation there ~'are'~carried oùt'expëriment~ for various pipe`size clas-'3~6~ 'ses'with':various`wall thickne~'ses and'varying angle6 of ' ';~i` - J' b'end~'in~order toi'dèt'ermine~th~ correlation ~etween th~ ~
"''i~30 ~actual:angle ~of ben'd ~and ~h~e tàrget~~anglé,'~i~a~`well a~ I
'- '`' t~e:extent-of;t~e'6p~ri'ng-baok an~'ëxt`ensi'on.~
' '`i ~1'7 '~ iThe'ob~ained~experimèntal'~results''and po6~ible '3lother'' standàrd '-i'information~'àxë ço~bined in~o a file, ~or instance a databa6éi~'0r a?tabl'è,'`most~advanta'geou~ly o~ a typè!whi`c~Jcan be'`~tored 'lnto~"a computer 18 memory, .; ;"' '''to'bè used'by ~a :6ultable.' procè~singi and calcuIation ' programmé;; 3~ ` ` S i ` . ~
. ~ , . " :.
W091/13706 PCT/Fl91iO0067 . , ~"". . ~
'~077~ 6 Advantageously the ,file is created only once .and updated hereafter.,~ If required, ~he experiments can always be carried out anew, for instance wlth new pipe 6izes, and the file updated.
5In order to find out correct routing for the pipe, the ooordinates of the bending points of the pipe are measuxed on the intended site of installation by means o~ theodolite mea~urem~nt, and recorded in the memoxy of the measuring computer. Thereafter the coor-dinate readings are transmitted from the measuring computer to the processing computer proper, ~or instance directly from the site of measurement by means of a :~
: modem connection or data communications, on a datacar-rier such as a diskette, or in some other suitable fashion.
For a start, the standard information is re-corded in .the tables (pipe,sizes, respective spring-backs and extensions at different angles of bend).
, According to the, situation ln, question, the following options can be chosen from the main menu of .. the system: .,,,- ,, -, - ,. ~ - ~, ,".
~ Calculate;with-~new manually fed~readings;-- 2.;- Search--an,old pipe,.measurement,from--file~
- -3.~.-Search initial readings and .coordinates from file, ~ 25 or ~ J,:''~: -' '.' ' ' . --,' ' ,',_ ' 4. Exit. ., , . . ~... .
.,,,.~ ~Aooordingly,.in-.the beginning,sta,ge of the. ystem, the initialtreadings,,,can be ,obtained -in manyidifferent way~
~ "3'"`~'.'.1~ '-."' If.~-wei choose~,joption,;l, '.~.,Calculate..-with new -, 30?~.manually~fed..readings",~.wejcome ~,to "~a,.~.step.,..wherQ~the pipe.~,information, , the...baslc lnitial~.readings,,. can ba 33~.fed~!into~,the-~programme3.,in~, two-ait rnatlve way6:
,/l.,,On the basis.-j~ojf~.the ~,.lejngths ~,angles and ,r~3~ jplane5,.jof,~he~,~traight partsj;~or .-a35~"i ~ 2 On t.h~e ~asls,o~ the coordinates.. ~
While choosing ~opt1on 1, -..the?lenyths~as well as angles and planes of bend of the s~raight parts are . .
-WO91/13706 P~T/Fl91/00067 ,, 2~77~2 in~uired, whereafter the calculation of the bending points i5 started.
While choosing option 2, the measured coor-dinates of the bending point6 are fed into the ~ystem, whereafter there are carried out some vector opera-tions, .i.e. the lengths of the straight part6, the angles.of bend, the vectors o~ the planes o~ bend, the angles between the planes o~ bend, the handedness of .:the planes and the Rummed-up angle~-of rotation o~ the planes o~ bend are calculated directly from the coordi-nates~
Thereafter begins the calculation of th~ band-ing information, and there i5 first choEen the radius of the bending disk of the bending machlne. Then the influence o~ the spring-back in the angle of bend is .. taken .into account by utilizing the experlmentally pred~te~nined values recorded in the ~ile. The actual angle of bend for the chosen bending tool ie defined on : the basi6 o~ the desired angl~ of bend, as well a~ the chosen pipe size and wall thic}cness,- with reference to the recorded spring-back;information corresponding to .~the pipe ~size and: wall.thickness, as well; a6 to the .~desired angle of bend. If thf~3.desired target angle is not ~ound~in the ~ile as euch, the corresponding values 2S can be.. obtained by interpolating-or extrapolating the .. ..- ~ re~orded-r~ading~
! Mor~Qver~ there are calculated f the succe66ive actual bending..points,for the bending machine by taking into aecount~the.; recorded5 extension. ~info~mation with ~:; i¢-~ 30 ~refipect.. t~ he.plpe.. Eiize.-:and wall~thicknesfj~;-a~ well as .to ths.ideslred~angle of bend. ~he ~int~rmediate and/or -f ex~ernalireadin~s~:are obtained: as~abo~ve,~.~ by mean~i of -;.~;.-~.;- interpolatlng or.:.extrapolating the readingff.i.recorded in the file.~ f~ ~f~ L ~-Ls~ l *~ ;f 3S ~ :-.3. Thfen it ~ is:test~d .whether~!the~fir6t ~nd la t elementslof ~he~pipe:are 6ufficiently long, `,f~O that ~he limitations of. the bending. machine in ~ue6tion should 2 ~9~/~3206 PCT/FI9l/00067 not hinder bending. If they are not long enough, the lengths are incr~ased.
Now the reguired total length of the pipe blank is calculated.
Then there are calculated the locations o~ the limiters to be programmed for the bending machine.
Thereafter it is checked, on the basis of the calculated geometrical information o~ the pipe and the known limitations of the bending machine, the obstacles - 10 of bendlng, such as possible hittiny of the pipe against the floor or against the structures o~ the bending machine.' If the pipe contains junctions or flanges, they are treated sepaxately. This i6 explained below.
If the pipe does not contain- junctions or flanges, the bending data is ~ritten out and recorded (for example in the memory of a computer) and the i~o-metric images are drawn on a display ~creen or on paper by a plotterO
Because the'' dimenslons of the actual plpe routing are now determined, a list of required supplie~
! 3 '`; can be created'and written out, whereafter'we-can return to the main menu. The various steps of the method have ~' ~now been gone through, and'it i~i rhecked 'whether th~
'~;~ 25-~'created bending"`'information isi recorded. If not, it - can be recorded, and the processing of the matter can ''-be'fini hed. ~
r -~ ` If-'the pipe contains flanges or branches, i.e.
unctions,''~-ttheir'j accurate'~ location~ ~can- be defined 30' ^beforeha'nd for~production~so that:~he hole6 can be bored `-; 3:"directly`in the pipe' blank,~-exactly~on the: ri~ht ~pO~8 ;~ prior *o ~he ~éndingi~of-th~ pipe~lank._:Without the a~ove'~'déscribed knowledge of the behaviour?;of the pipe while bending this would not be possible.'~ n~
-J-'- 35j ~'''` `":Th`e'-invention^~J'is~ not -limited ~o the:above 'i':' ``'~'''de~crib'ed'pre~erred'iapplications only, but-many modifi-Gations are possible without departing-from ~he scope ': '' , ' . .:' ' '". .. ,, :' .'' ; '' :
.. .. . . .. . . ... .
WO 91/13706 PCr/F191/00067 2~776~2 .
of the inventional idea defined in the appended patent cl a ims .
.~ . .
. . : . . ,:
'~
' . .
.. - ~ .
.... - ; .
: ' -~ i j : .. ... ..
.. , , - - ~ - - :
' , ~.i; ,
2577~2 METHOD FOR BENDING PIPES
The present invention relates to the method defined in the introductory ~ection of patent claim 1.
5~he methods known in the prior art for bending metal pipes and for determining their b~nding points are ba6ed on the planning of pipe routes, where the routing of the pipe is at the ~ir~t stage defined on geometrical grounds only.
10~ drawback with the prior art methods is that they are inaccurate and time-con~uming, because the geometrical definition of the pipe's routing does not alone ecure the dimensional accuracy of the final bent pipe. Therefore, owing to the extension and spring-back ;~
t2king place during the bending process,- roughly 60 -7 0 % of the time consumed in the preparation of the production i6 used for corrections, where th~ pipe plans are adapted to ~uit the production. An iterative com-puter aided bending method has al80 been used.
Another drawback with the prior art methods is that, owing to their complicated nature, they offer ~^chancès`to severalihuman èrror6.- i i The object of the method of the present inven-~ .. . .. . ... .. ... .. .
tion is to eliminate-the above mentioned drawbacks.
` `- A`~particulàr object oS-~the invention is to introducé a mëthod`which;enàblès automatization at the plannlng and production-stages of plpé bending.
~` Another ob~ect- of the invention^is`to in~ro-``~ `; ~``~duce` a mët ~ ~which utilizès re l,~àxpë`ximèntal informa-30 tion of the behavlour of thé plpe while`;bé`~ingG - -~ Yet `ànothër~ obj ct~ of ithe invention i5 to introdùce a method;which rema`rkably sp e~s;up the plann-~-lng~o~f~a~p~i~p~ r,~r . ~ _r~
[l ~3'~ 2 ~e m~ithod of th ~ esent~ln~ention.is charac-terlzed ~ ~ thé novèl~ fëatùres eniist~d ~in!the patent ^ ~ccording to~the méthod of the in~ention,- -2~77~2 2 - there i6 created a file containing the known spring-back propertie~ and extension properties of di~ferent pipe materials and 6izes, at different angles of bend ~ -of the pipe;
5 - the geometrical routing of the pipe is determined on r the i~tended site of installation of the pipP;
; - on the ba6i6 o~ the predetermined routing of the pipe, there i6 def~ned the geometrical information ~or the pipe, such a~ the lengths of the straight parts and the lO bending radiuses and planes of thP~ pipe angles;
- khere are created bending instructions for the pipes on the basis of the material information recorded in ~` the ~ile, such as extension and spring-back information, calculated or mea~ured geometrical information and 15 information of the pipe sizes J and the pipe is bent according to the created bending nstructions.
The geometrical routing of the pipe is deter-mined by defining the coordinates of the bending points 20 on the site of installation, or by directly measuring - .the lengths of.the straight parts of the pipe, as well as the angles and planes of.bend. A separate file can . be created of the routing of the pipe.
Naturally the instructions can be presented ,, ., ~ - .... . . . . . .
.- -25 ~in~any suitable form, for lnstance as a programme of an ;--- ; automatic bending machine, or a6 a diagram.
~ - In a .pre~erred applicatlon of the method, the geometrical routing of the pipe is ~determined by means . o~ vector.. operatlon~,.on...the basi6 of the coordinates .,, _ ,, " , " , ,_., . , _, __, , .,, ., ,.. , .. ~ . _ ._ .. ~ '! ., _ , .. _ _. ~
30 ~.o~ ~the~bending polnt6..
In another.. preferred~.application of the me I .
jthod, the geometrical routing of thejpipe ls determined by flrst defininy the.coordinates of the be~ding points, ..i .. .. . i, ~, , .., ,; ,, ---~.3-~ .r.s and-by .then aalc,ulating, t~ on the basi6 of t~ie~e, the -..35*.lengths.of the itra~ght parts, the angles of bend, the bending plane vector6, the angles between the bending .planes, the handedne6~ of the planeis and the total sum - . ~, :
. ~ . . , "., . , , :
: I . .. , ;. ,, , . . ,~ , , .
. . .. ~ ~ : , ,: ~'.
WO9l/13706 PCT/FI91/00067 ~` 2~77~2 of the angles of rotation of the bendlng planes.
~ . In another preferred application o~ the me-: thod, the file is created on the basis of bending ex-. periment~, carried out with various size groups of pipe6, variou6 wall thicknesses and various bend angle~, in order to determine the correlation between the actual : bend angle and the target angle, as well as the ~pring-back. .-- ~.
In another preferred application of the me-thod, the file i5 created on the ba6is o~ bending ex-- periment~ with variou6 pipe sizes, variou~ wall thick-nesses and various angles o~ bend, in order to deter- ~:
mlne th~ correlation between the initial length of the - pipe blank and the length after the bending, as well a the bending extension. . ..~
In another preferred application of the me-thod, in order to form the bending instructlons, a .
bending radius i6 chosen for the bending tool of the bending machine, and the real angle of bend for the chosen bending tool6 :is ~defined on the ba6i~ of the desired anyle of~bend;and the chosen pipe size.and wall ~.
..; thicknes6, by utilizing the recorded ~pring-back infor-. mation, corresponding to the-..pipe slze~.and thickness, and the desired angle of bend. .~
;i In--:another preferred-.-application o the me-- thod, for any pipe.- ~izes and/or wall-thlckne~6es that . l all.in i~between.-.and/or out ide the.recorded.~ize6, the ,spring-back reading~:.recorded~in:the~fil ~-.are.interpo- .
lated::andjor-extrapolated.;~ !`' ~,.- '`"~, i J~.r.~ . 'e~
:-30~3 .f~ In.ano~her.:application of the method,~ n.ord~r . .to create the^bendin~-.instructions~.thera.are calculated -.the; ~uccess~ve~.rea}:.~;bending point6^i~0r...the-bending ,machine by..~aking into-.aaaount~the:exten~ion~in~ormation ~ recorded~in~ the file.with;3re6pecteto~the pipe slze and . `~35 wall thickness~-as~well as.~to-~the:~deslred.angle of.bend.
In another preferred application of.the me-.~ - thod,-for any pipe ~lzes and/or wall thicknes6es that 2 ~ ~83766 PCT/Fl9l/OD0~
4 , r fall in between and/or outside the recorded eizes and/or wall thickne~es, the spring-back readings recorded in the file are interpolated and/or extrapolated ; In -another preferred application o~ the me 5 thod, the total length of the straight pipe blank i~ -j cal~ulated in order to create the bending instructions. , -In -another pre~erred application of the me-thod, the locations of the limiters to be programmed ~or the bending machine are calculated in order to lO create the bending instructions.
In yet another pre~erred application of the method, - on the intended 61te o~ instal~ation of the pipe, the coordinates of the branching and/or flanging points are 15 determined; ~ ' - on the ba6is of the recorded material in~ormation, -6uch a~ extension and ~pring-back information, calcu-lated or measured geometrical information of the pipe, pipe 6ize information and predetermined coordinate6 of 20 the branching and/or flanging points, there are defined the actual location~ of ~the holes- for the branching and/or ~langing points in"the straight pipe blank prior to bending the pipe -in order- to-'form holes' in the straight pipe blank.~
~:25 - An advantage of 'the' invention is that both ~the planning of the bending of'the pipe,' as well a~ the i bendlng itsel~,~ can-be ~automated;~:~The-cr'eated flles 'r''.''~,~.~'JS 'are most'advantageously processed by using'the:iproce~-ing and calculation programme'--designed accordin~ to the ~ .:30-'present invention.~;Thi~ programme-checks all Eteps of '~ 5-,~ '; the method -:one~by~one~:in~order to~obtain the;-in~truc-` '.;`.'~ 5 tions~for bending~thes pipe;~i.e~~a:pipe route or part ;`thereo~, and ~urther-~ln-~iorder to realize the same.
This procedure-~reduce~the chances'~of human-~errors down ~, 35--~to'a mi'~imum-and speeds up both the-planning and produc-: - tion processes. ;~ -' another~advantage of: tre invention i~ that ~ 2~77~2 i . ~
. after bending, the ready made pipe can be tran6ported '. to the ~ite o~ installation and installed wlthout ha~ing to make any modifications.
In the following the invention is explained in detail with reference to the appended diagram of opera~
tion, which goes through the various steps of the method. on the basl~ of this diagram of operation, there ' can be built a processing and calculation programme for ' realizing the method in'practice.' : -lO In order to achieve accurate bending of a pipe, ~.
there 16 required information of the pipe to be used, which pipe i~ made of a certain material, has a certain ' diameter and certain wall thi'ckness; the required in~or~
: -mation relates to the actual behaviour of thi6 kind of plpe while bending it at various angles of bend. When : - a pipe i~ bent, it is always somewhat extended, and the ' 'size of: the extension depends on the diameter and wall thicknes6 of the ~aid pipe, as well as on the employed angle o~ bend. While bending,.~ome 6pring-back is al80 . 20 bound ko happen, and ln 6imilar fashion the ext~n~ of the ~pring-back depends on the diameter'and wall thick-ne~s`of`the'pipè,'.as;:wëll'as''on'''the employed angle of bend.`~ -:The:spr'ing-back'means, that-in order to achieve ~thë target'angle, the ::actual an~le- of- bend mu~t be 25 larger than the target angle. ~ : .
Con~e~uently, as a preliminary operation there ~'are'~carried oùt'expëriment~ for various pipe`size clas-'3~6~ 'ses'with':various`wall thickne~'ses and'varying angle6 of ' ';~i` - J' b'end~'in~order toi'dèt'ermine~th~ correlation ~etween th~ ~
"''i~30 ~actual:angle ~of ben'd ~and ~h~e tàrget~~anglé,'~i~a~`well a~ I
'- '`' t~e:extent-of;t~e'6p~ri'ng-baok an~'ëxt`ensi'on.~
' '`i ~1'7 '~ iThe'ob~ained~experimèntal'~results''and po6~ible '3lother'' standàrd '-i'information~'àxë ço~bined in~o a file, ~or instance a databa6éi~'0r a?tabl'è,'`most~advanta'geou~ly o~ a typè!whi`c~Jcan be'`~tored 'lnto~"a computer 18 memory, .; ;"' '''to'bè used'by ~a :6ultable.' procè~singi and calcuIation ' programmé;; 3~ ` ` S i ` . ~
. ~ , . " :.
W091/13706 PCT/Fl91iO0067 . , ~"". . ~
'~077~ 6 Advantageously the ,file is created only once .and updated hereafter.,~ If required, ~he experiments can always be carried out anew, for instance wlth new pipe 6izes, and the file updated.
5In order to find out correct routing for the pipe, the ooordinates of the bending points of the pipe are measuxed on the intended site of installation by means o~ theodolite mea~urem~nt, and recorded in the memoxy of the measuring computer. Thereafter the coor-dinate readings are transmitted from the measuring computer to the processing computer proper, ~or instance directly from the site of measurement by means of a :~
: modem connection or data communications, on a datacar-rier such as a diskette, or in some other suitable fashion.
For a start, the standard information is re-corded in .the tables (pipe,sizes, respective spring-backs and extensions at different angles of bend).
, According to the, situation ln, question, the following options can be chosen from the main menu of .. the system: .,,,- ,, -, - ,. ~ - ~, ,".
~ Calculate;with-~new manually fed~readings;-- 2.;- Search--an,old pipe,.measurement,from--file~
- -3.~.-Search initial readings and .coordinates from file, ~ 25 or ~ J,:''~: -' '.' ' ' . --,' ' ,',_ ' 4. Exit. ., , . . ~... .
.,,,.~ ~Aooordingly,.in-.the beginning,sta,ge of the. ystem, the initialtreadings,,,can be ,obtained -in manyidifferent way~
~ "3'"`~'.'.1~ '-."' If.~-wei choose~,joption,;l, '.~.,Calculate..-with new -, 30?~.manually~fed..readings",~.wejcome ~,to "~a,.~.step.,..wherQ~the pipe.~,information, , the...baslc lnitial~.readings,,. can ba 33~.fed~!into~,the-~programme3.,in~, two-ait rnatlve way6:
,/l.,,On the basis.-j~ojf~.the ~,.lejngths ~,angles and ,r~3~ jplane5,.jof,~he~,~traight partsj;~or .-a35~"i ~ 2 On t.h~e ~asls,o~ the coordinates.. ~
While choosing ~opt1on 1, -..the?lenyths~as well as angles and planes of bend of the s~raight parts are . .
-WO91/13706 P~T/Fl91/00067 ,, 2~77~2 in~uired, whereafter the calculation of the bending points i5 started.
While choosing option 2, the measured coor-dinates of the bending point6 are fed into the ~ystem, whereafter there are carried out some vector opera-tions, .i.e. the lengths of the straight part6, the angles.of bend, the vectors o~ the planes o~ bend, the angles between the planes o~ bend, the handedness of .:the planes and the Rummed-up angle~-of rotation o~ the planes o~ bend are calculated directly from the coordi-nates~
Thereafter begins the calculation of th~ band-ing information, and there i5 first choEen the radius of the bending disk of the bending machlne. Then the influence o~ the spring-back in the angle of bend is .. taken .into account by utilizing the experlmentally pred~te~nined values recorded in the ~ile. The actual angle of bend for the chosen bending tool ie defined on : the basi6 o~ the desired angl~ of bend, as well a~ the chosen pipe size and wall thic}cness,- with reference to the recorded spring-back;information corresponding to .~the pipe ~size and: wall.thickness, as well; a6 to the .~desired angle of bend. If thf~3.desired target angle is not ~ound~in the ~ile as euch, the corresponding values 2S can be.. obtained by interpolating-or extrapolating the .. ..- ~ re~orded-r~ading~
! Mor~Qver~ there are calculated f the succe66ive actual bending..points,for the bending machine by taking into aecount~the.; recorded5 extension. ~info~mation with ~:; i¢-~ 30 ~refipect.. t~ he.plpe.. Eiize.-:and wall~thicknesfj~;-a~ well as .to ths.ideslred~angle of bend. ~he ~int~rmediate and/or -f ex~ernalireadin~s~:are obtained: as~abo~ve,~.~ by mean~i of -;.~;.-~.;- interpolatlng or.:.extrapolating the readingff.i.recorded in the file.~ f~ ~f~ L ~-Ls~ l *~ ;f 3S ~ :-.3. Thfen it ~ is:test~d .whether~!the~fir6t ~nd la t elementslof ~he~pipe:are 6ufficiently long, `,f~O that ~he limitations of. the bending. machine in ~ue6tion should 2 ~9~/~3206 PCT/FI9l/00067 not hinder bending. If they are not long enough, the lengths are incr~ased.
Now the reguired total length of the pipe blank is calculated.
Then there are calculated the locations o~ the limiters to be programmed for the bending machine.
Thereafter it is checked, on the basis of the calculated geometrical information o~ the pipe and the known limitations of the bending machine, the obstacles - 10 of bendlng, such as possible hittiny of the pipe against the floor or against the structures o~ the bending machine.' If the pipe contains junctions or flanges, they are treated sepaxately. This i6 explained below.
If the pipe does not contain- junctions or flanges, the bending data is ~ritten out and recorded (for example in the memory of a computer) and the i~o-metric images are drawn on a display ~creen or on paper by a plotterO
Because the'' dimenslons of the actual plpe routing are now determined, a list of required supplie~
! 3 '`; can be created'and written out, whereafter'we-can return to the main menu. The various steps of the method have ~' ~now been gone through, and'it i~i rhecked 'whether th~
'~;~ 25-~'created bending"`'information isi recorded. If not, it - can be recorded, and the processing of the matter can ''-be'fini hed. ~
r -~ ` If-'the pipe contains flanges or branches, i.e.
unctions,''~-ttheir'j accurate'~ location~ ~can- be defined 30' ^beforeha'nd for~production~so that:~he hole6 can be bored `-; 3:"directly`in the pipe' blank,~-exactly~on the: ri~ht ~pO~8 ;~ prior *o ~he ~éndingi~of-th~ pipe~lank._:Without the a~ove'~'déscribed knowledge of the behaviour?;of the pipe while bending this would not be possible.'~ n~
-J-'- 35j ~'''` `":Th`e'-invention^~J'is~ not -limited ~o the:above 'i':' ``'~'''de~crib'ed'pre~erred'iapplications only, but-many modifi-Gations are possible without departing-from ~he scope ': '' , ' . .:' ' '". .. ,, :' .'' ; '' :
.. .. . . .. . . ... .
WO 91/13706 PCr/F191/00067 2~776~2 .
of the inventional idea defined in the appended patent cl a ims .
.~ . .
. . : . . ,:
'~
' . .
.. - ~ .
.... - ; .
: ' -~ i j : .. ... ..
.. , , - - ~ - - :
' , ~.i; ,
Claims (12)
1. A method for bending pipes, c h a r a c-t e r i z e d in that - there is created a file containing the known spring-back and extension properties of various pipe materials and pipe sizes at different angles of bend, - the geometrical routing of the pipe is determined on the intended site of installation of the pipe;
- on the basis of the predetermined pipe routing, there is calculated the geometrical information of the pipe, such as the lengths of the straight parts, and the radiuses and planes of bend of the pipe, - on the basis of the material information recorded in the file, including extension and spring-back informa-tion, calculated or measured geometrical information of the pipe as well as information of the pipe sizes, there are created bending instructions for the pipe, and - the pipe is bent according to the created bending instructions.
- on the basis of the predetermined pipe routing, there is calculated the geometrical information of the pipe, such as the lengths of the straight parts, and the radiuses and planes of bend of the pipe, - on the basis of the material information recorded in the file, including extension and spring-back informa-tion, calculated or measured geometrical information of the pipe as well as information of the pipe sizes, there are created bending instructions for the pipe, and - the pipe is bent according to the created bending instructions.
2. The method of claim 1, c h a r a c t e-r i z e d in that the geometrical routing of the pipe is determined by means of vector operations and on the basis of the coordinates of the bending points.
3. The method of claim 2, c h a r a c t e -r i z e d in that the geometrical routing of the pipe is determined from the coordinates of the bending points, and from these coordinates there are calculated the lengths of the straight parts, the angles of bend, the bending plane vectors, the angles in between the bending planes, the handedness of the planes as well as the summed-up angles of rotation of the bending planes.
4. The method of any of the claims 1 - 3, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that the file is created on the basis of bending experiments with various pipe size classes, various wall thicknesses and angles of bend, in order to define the correlation between the actual angle of bend and the target angle, as well as the spring-back.
5. The method of any of the claims 1 - 4, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that the file is created on the basis of bending experiments with various pipe size classes, various wall thicknesses and angles of bend, in order to define the correlation between the initial length of the pipe blank and the pipe length after bending, as well as the bending extension.
6. The method of any of the claims 1 - 5, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that in order to create the bending instructions, there is chosen a bending radius for the bending tool of the bending machine, and the actual angle of bend for the chosen tool is defined on the basis of the desired angle of bend as well as the chosen pipe size and wall thickness, with reference to the recorded spring-back information cor-responding to the pipe size and thickness in question, as well as to the desired angle of bending.
7. The method of any of the claims 1 - 6, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that for any pipe sizes and/or thicknesses that fall in between and/or outside the determined size classes and/or wall thicknesses, the spring-back readings recorded in the file are inter-polated and/or extrapolated.
8. The method of any of the claims 1 7, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that in order to create the bending instructions, there are calculated the successive actual bending points for the bending machine by taking into account the recorded extension informa-tion with reference to the pipe size and wall thickness, as well as to the desired angle of bend.
9. The method of any of the claims 1 - 6, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that for any pipe sizes and/or thicknesses that fall in between and/or outside the determined size classes and/or wall thicknesses, the extension readings recorded in the file are interpo-lated and/or extrapolated.
10. The method of any of the claims 1 - 9, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that in order to create the bending instructions, the total length of the straight pipe blank is calculated.
11. The method of any of the claims 1 - 10, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that in order to create the bending instructions, there are calculated the locations of the limiters to be programmed for the bending machine.
12. The method of any of the claims 1 - 11, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that - on the intended site of installation of the pipe there are defined the coordinates of the branching and/or flanging points, - on the basis of the recorded material information, such as extension and spring-back information, calcu-lated or measured geometrical information of the pipe, information of the pipe sizes and the coordinates of the predetermined branching and/or flanging points, there are defined the actual spots of the holes for the branching and/or flanging points in the straight pipe blank, prior to bending the pipe in order to form the holes directly in the pipe blank.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FI901153 | 1990-03-07 | ||
| FI901153A FI901153A (en) | 1990-03-07 | 1990-03-07 | FOERFARANDE FOER BOEJNING AV ROER. |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2077642A1 true CA2077642A1 (en) | 1991-09-08 |
Family
ID=8530019
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002077642A Abandoned CA2077642A1 (en) | 1990-03-07 | 1991-03-07 | Method for bending pipes |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0518910A1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU7343891A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2077642A1 (en) |
| FI (1) | FI901153A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1991013706A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19531843A1 (en) * | 1995-08-29 | 1997-03-13 | Hubert Niemann | Procedure for determining the cut dimensions for tops |
| US5768792A (en) * | 1996-02-09 | 1998-06-23 | Faro Technologies Inc. | Method and apparatus for measuring and tube fitting |
| CA2221324A1 (en) * | 1997-11-17 | 1999-05-17 | Eagle Precision Technologies Inc. | Tub bending apparatus and method |
| DE69931087T2 (en) * | 1998-02-03 | 2006-09-21 | Kabushiki Kaisha Opton | bender |
| EP1308223B1 (en) * | 2001-11-05 | 2010-04-21 | Schüco International KG | Simulating method of a 3-roll-bending process |
| US6757576B2 (en) | 2002-02-05 | 2004-06-29 | Gcc, Inc. | System and method for drawing and manufacturing bent pipes |
| DE102009024262A1 (en) * | 2009-06-05 | 2010-12-09 | Rosenberger Ag | Method for bending elongated workpieces |
| US8886348B2 (en) | 2011-05-25 | 2014-11-11 | Kevin Bollendorf | Fabrication and tracking |
| CN115815367B (en) * | 2023-02-07 | 2023-05-05 | 江苏新恒基特种装备股份有限公司 | Method and system for predicting wall thickness quality of bent pipe based on forming parameters |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1290871A (en) * | 1969-02-28 | 1972-09-27 | ||
| GB1329708A (en) * | 1969-12-31 | 1973-09-12 | Secr Defence | Making pipes from master pipes |
| US4161110A (en) * | 1977-04-28 | 1979-07-17 | EVG Entwicklungs- und Verwertungs-Gesellschaft mbH. | Automatic control device for a bending machine |
| JP2947362B2 (en) * | 1989-09-07 | 1999-09-13 | 臼井国際産業株式会社 | Tube bending equipment |
-
1990
- 1990-03-07 FI FI901153A patent/FI901153A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
-
1991
- 1991-03-07 CA CA002077642A patent/CA2077642A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1991-03-07 WO PCT/FI1991/000067 patent/WO1991013706A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1991-03-07 AU AU73438/91A patent/AU7343891A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1991-03-07 EP EP91905091A patent/EP0518910A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU7343891A (en) | 1991-10-10 |
| WO1991013706A1 (en) | 1991-09-19 |
| FI901153A0 (en) | 1990-03-07 |
| EP0518910A1 (en) | 1992-12-23 |
| FI901153A (en) | 1991-09-08 |
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