Methods and devices for reducing phrenic nerve stimulation of cardiac pacing systems involve delivering a pacing pulse to a ventricle of a heart. A transthoracic impedance signal is sensed, and a deviation in the signal resulting from the pacing pulse may be used to determine phrenic nerve stimulation....http://www.google.com.au/patents/US7392086?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US7392086 - Implantable cardiac device and method for reduced phrenic nerve stimulation
