A method and apparatus for secure authentication of a hardware token is disclosed. In one embodiment, a host computer fingerprint is used to generate a partial seed for a challenge-response authentication which is performed on the hardware token. In another embodiment, the host computer fingerprint is...http://www.google.com.au/patents/US7895443?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US7895443 - Secure authentication using hardware token and computer fingerprint