Impedance measurements between the electrodes in an electric field is utilized to detect the presence of pathogens trapped in the electric field. Since particles trapped in a field using the dielectiphoretic force changes the impedance between the electrodes by changing the dielectric material between...http://www.google.com.au/patents/US6764583?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US6764583 - Using impedance measurements for detecting pathogens trapped in an electric field