A magnetoresistive element includes a magnetoresistive film having a magnetization pinned layer, a magnetization free layer, and a nonmagnetic intermediate layer. A magnetization direction of the magnetization pinned layer is substantially fixed in an external magnetic field, a magnetization direction...http://www.google.com.au/patents/US7196877?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US7196877 - Magnetoresistive element, magnetoresistive head and magnetic reproducing apparatus
