WO2017098040A1

WO2017098040A1 - Heat-insulating air dome

Info

Publication number: WO2017098040A1
Application number: PCT/EP2016/080594
Authority: WO
Inventors: Nikolaus MING
Original assignee: Texlon Hsp Gmbh
Priority date: 2015-12-10
Filing date: 2016-12-12
Publication date: 2017-06-15
Also published as: EP3387199A1; CN108699855A; EA201800363A1; CA3007730A1; CH711867A2; US20190003200A1; CH711867B1; EA036699B1

Abstract

The invention relates to an air dome comprising membrane shells made of a textile reinforced plastic film. Said membrane shells are equipped on the entire surface of the underside with flat pockets (12) welded on, adhesively bonded on, sewn on, or riveted on, and lined up in rows, each of which is designed to be open on one side, for the insertion of a multilayer thermally reflecting mat (13). Such mats are hybrid insulating mats having metallzed films or aluminum films reflecting infrared radiation. Such mats can have multiple layers of absorption-reducing air-cushion films to reduce the transmission heat losses. The openings of the pockets can each be closed by a touch and close fastener or zip fastener. A membrane is assembled from strip-like film webs (8), which are equipped along the longitudinal sides thereof with a weatherstrip (5) and are connected to one another by connecting profiles (1) so as to resist tensile force.

Description

Heat-insulating air-inflated hall

Air halls offer beating advantages for various applications, especially as roofing of outdoor pools, tennis courts, warehouses, commercial buildings and temporary halls for events of all kinds. They consist of a dome-shaped shell of a textile-reinforced plastic membrane, the bottom of her Anchored edges and sealed there against the spanned interior. With air blowers, an overpressure with respect to the atmosphere is generated in the interior, which inflates the membrane and keeps it stable in this position. It is only a small and not noticeable pressure difference to the atmosphere necessary because only the membrane weight and any wind and snow loads are to be borne. This usually corresponds to a load of about 25 to 35 kg / m ² . To prevent the air from escaping when entering or leaving the air-inflated hall, the entrances are designed with sealing 4-wing revolving doors (carousel doors) or locks. A distinction is made between single-layered and multi-layered membrane casings, each layer assuming a special function. The outer shell is usually made of a fabric-reinforced plastic membrane of the highest quality, mostly translucent. The outer shell is the actual static membrane, which must absorb wind and snow loads and is impregnated against UV radiation and pollution. The single to multilayer interlayers with trapped air pockets are mainly installed as insulation layers. They should improve the heat transfer value of the hall in the direction of insulation. The innermost membrane forms the conclusion of the two- to multi-layer air envelopes. It is executed white for the light reflection. For indoor tennis courts, a darker color (eg green or blue) is usually chosen up to at least 3m in height so that the tennis balls are more recognizable by the tennis players. As so-called flying buildings or Fahrnisbauten fall air halls under a special DIN standard. If required, they can easily be dismantled and set up elsewhere, in contrast to a fixed component.

A serious disadvantage of such inflatable halls is the generally poor thermal insulation and thus a high energy consumption for heating. The Swiss Conference of Cantonal Energy Departments therefore drew up a Recommendation EN-8 on heated inflatable halls (December 2007) with the following statements: Existing sports facilities such as open-air baths or tennis courts can be covered with a relatively inexpensive, "mobile" air-inflated hall from autumn to spring, so they can be used all year round Buildings roofed with membrane roofs have a high energy consumption, so these recommendations for such buildings have been developed in more detail below: The air-inflated halls for outdoor baths are discussed, since they are more important for the higher heat demand than for covered tennis facilities Foil material for the roofing of a swimming pool with a length of 58 m and a width of 28 m, for example, cost about CHF 1.5 million in CH-Schaffhausen, and the heating costs account for around 1/6 of the construction costs for the winter 2004/200 5 Fr. 81 Ό00.- off, for the winter 2005/2006 Fr. 86Ό00.- With a 2x2-layer membrane, the heat requirement and thus the costs for the natural gas should be reduced by about 30%.

Already in March 1993, the Swiss Federal Office for Energy (SFOE) had published the brochure "Rational use of energy in indoor pools" with the following key figures related to the cubature or EBF, and there was the consumption of 1993 redeveloped and newly created bathrooms These values include the sum of heat (mostly fossil fuels) and electricity (including water treatment, ventilation, lighting, cloakroom ventilation, ...), which were necessary for these buildings.

Bad Wasserfläche (m ² ) 1993 renovated baths 1993 created baths

(MJ / m ² a) (MJ / m ² a)

Small 200-300 1 '300 1 100

Medium Ca. 00 1 Ί 00 900

Big over 1'000 1 Ό00 800 For new buildings, the ratio of heat to electricity is about 1: 1. For example, the indoor swimming pool in Uster, Switzerland, renovated in 1988, shows the following summaries: tHeat 479 MJ / m ² a + tc 587 MJ / m ² a = tTotal 1 Ό66 MJ / m ² a

Since 1993, the most important change has been the SIA 380/1 standard (2001 edition), which introduced a separate category "indoor swimming pools", taking into account the high internal temperature of 28 ° C. For a single component certificate, UDach.wand = 0, 18 W / m ² K and U Window = 1, 0 W / m ² K (Climate Zurich, without taking into account the maximum share, MuKEn Module 2) Newer consumption figures are not available Today it is assumed that the consumption figures for new baths will be more than The figures for heat and electricity are to be shown separately and not - as in the table above - to be added in an unweighted way.

An energetic consideration for open-air baths with airfoil roofing shows the following: A crucial component is the foil of the air-inflated hall. With the current state of the art, the roof can be constructed with 2x2 membranes, giving a U-value of about 1.1 W / m ² K. There are also 3- or only 2-layered membrane roofs with a significantly worse U-value (3-layer approx. 1.9 W / m ² K). For the coverage of a swimming pool, the extra cost for the best construction in view of the high consequential costs due to the energy consumption in any case makes sense. In contrast, a certain permeability of the film for solar radiation is to be considered positive. The g-value is estimated to be 0.1 (0.07 to 0.2). It should also be considered that the components in the soil also cause heat dissipation. In an indoor pool, these components are well insulated. If an existing outdoor pool is only covered for the winter, these components are rarely insulated. In order to reduce the heat losses into the soil, an approx. 1 m deep perimeter insulation must be integrated into the concrete foundation 23 between the two anchorages of the membrane. This can reduce the heat dissipation into the ground (for calculation see standard EN 13370).

In the following, a comparison of the heat demand for different film structures for the roofing of a swimming pool in Schaffhausen, Switzerland is given, with a g-value of 0.1: Film size 2-layered film 3-layered film 2x2-layered film 64 mx 30m U = 2.7W / m ² KU = 2.7W / m ² KU = 2.7W / m ² K

Heat requirement Film envelope 2'500 MJ / m ² a 2Ό00 MJ / m ² a 1 '500 MJ / m ² a

Pure heat output requirement outside - 200 kW 140 kW 80 kW

8 ° C and inside + 28 ° C (without

Ventilation)

As a result, this means that even with a 3-layer membrane (U value approx. 1.9 W / m ² K), the energy requirement is approx. 2Ό00 MJ / m ² a. This consumption is about four times higher than for a 1993 built indoor pool medium size. The applicable requirements for thermal insulation in accordance with SIA 3801 1 (Edition 2001) of approx. 300 MJ / m ² a can not be adhered to by approx. 5 to 6 times with a conventional air-inflated hall. (Calculations: Ingenieurbüro R. Mäder, CH-Schaffhausen, on behalf of the EnFK.) The operating experience of the bath in Schaffhausen confirm these high consumption values, as the evaluation of the consumption data from 2004 to 2006 by the engineering firm Mäder showed.

For sports halls with less stringent room temperature requirements, a comparison of the annual costs was created for a typical hall of 35 m x 35 m. It can be seen that the additional costs for a 2x2-layered membrane can usually be amortized even at lower internal temperatures with the lower heat costs alone, as shown in the table below for a 35m x 35m indoor tennis court with 2 playing fields:

In summary, it can be stated that sport facilities currently covered by air-inflated halls can not meet the requirements for thermal insulation of the building envelope. In particular, the roofing of an open-air bath with an air-inflated hall leads to a very high energy consumption, which is more than four to five times higher than for a "normal" indoor pool.

The object of the present invention is therefore to provide an air-inflated, which provides a much better thermal insulation and thus can meet the applicable requirements for the thermal insulation of a building envelope. A further object of this invention is to be able to build such air-inflated hall faster and with much less personnel and, if necessary, to dismantle as quickly and easily. Finally, it is a third task to flood such an air-inflated hall with daylight (with the windows, a complete flow is not reached to the middle), to create an ambience and atmospheric and visible connection with the outside world inside the air-inflated hall. The fourth object of this invention is to improve the acoustics within the airfield and thereby create a more comfortable atmosphere.

This object is achieved by a airfoil with one or more membrane shells made of plastic film material, wherein between the outer membrane and the inner membrane, a heat reflection mat is included.

In the drawings, embodiments of such air halls are shown and they are described below with reference to these drawings, their structure will be explained and their effect will be explained.

It shows:

FIG. 1: a concrete strip foundation insulated on the inside with a cast-in connection profile as an anchor rail;

FIG. 2: a membrane strip of the membrane to be constructed reaching from one side of the hall to the other;

Figure 3 is a section along the line AA in Figure 2, showing how two membrane strips along their length with each other are connected to a profile on the outside; ur 4: A section along the line AA in Figure 2, to show how two membrane strips along their length are connected together with a profile on the inside; ur 5: The end portion of a membrane strip reaching to the bottom is shown in a longitudinal section; ur 6: The overlap of two membrane strips along their longitudinal edges; ur 7: The construction of a hall by means of strung together membrane strips with their longitudinal edges connected to each other by means of a respective piping and associated connection profile, shown schematically; ur 8: A connection profile for two along the longitudinal edge of a film web extending piping; ur 9: Welding a welt into the edge area of a

Membrane strip; ur 10: bonding a welt comprised of a film section by welding that section to the edge of the membrane strip; ur 1 1: The connection of two membrane strips, each with a piping along their

Longitudinal edge by means of a connection profile of Figure 8; ur 12: The connection of two membrane webs along their longitudinal edges, fastened by means of a connecting profile and a single piping, only at one of the two membrane edges; Ur 13: An air-inflated hall in cross-section, with transverse to the direction of view

Film webs and the connection profiles for the piping, for joining two adjacent film webs; FIG. 14: Two 2-layer membrane webs to be joined together when inserting a heat reflection mat;

Figure 15: The insertion of a heat reflection mat in a 2-ply

Membrane web shown enlarged, and the adjacent 2-layer membrane web with a to be pushed over the two piping connection profile;

Figure 16: The one front of an air-inflated hall, that is running along the tennis fields, as an air-supported tennis hall for two tennis courts in an elevation;

Figure 17: The front wall construction with the inserted film web before the subsequent inflation of the airfoil;

FIG. 18: a longitudinal view of the air-inflated hall after the inflation has taken place;

FIG. 19: This air-inflated hall according to FIGS. 16 to 18 seen in a plan view, with the field lines of the two tennis courts on its floor;

FIG. 20: an air-inflated hall for three tennis fields in a front view;

FIG. 21 shows the layout of the air-inflated hall according to FIG. 20, with three tennis fields on its bottom;

Figure 22: The one front or back of a air-inflated hall, that is along the

Longitudinal side of the tennis fields running, according to the same construction principle, in an elevation;

FIG. 23 shows an air-inflated hall for three tennis fields in a bird's-eye view;

Figure 24: The floor plan of another embodiment of a tennis air-inflated hall, for two

Tennis courts; FIG. 25: The longitudinal side of this air-inflated hall according to FIGS. 16 to 19, that is to say running along the top sides of the tennis fields, with a 3.5 meter high window front, shown in elevation, with tennis nets drawn in;

FIG. 26 shows this air-inflated hall according to FIGS. 16 to 19 in a view of its own

Fronts extending along the long sides of the tennis fields, with windows;

Figure 27: A perspective view of this air-inflated hall with windows, over the two

Tennis courts seen;

Figure 28: A perspective view from the inside of this air-inflated hall, over a

Tennis court seen from the outside, against a corner.

In the conventional air halls to be supported by air pressure membrane of several overlapping at the edge membrane strips to a 2-3-part membrane airtight and firmly welded together. The 2-3 membrane parts are screwed together using clamping plates. The zusammengeschraubte membrane is then connected with its edge all around with foundations or ground anchors. This membrane of a conventional air-inflated hall thus forms a continuous, smooth surface inside and outside and it is not possible to fix it on the inside, except by means of an adhesive bond. This also makes it impossible to apply conventional thermal insulation.

The novel air-inflated halls have in all versions a very special equipment for restraining their heat inside the air-inflated hall. Their films or membranes are in fact provided with a heat reflection material for thermal building insulation. For this purpose, this heat reflection material is inserted in the form of mats, which are cut from a roll, on the insides of the membrane, for example into planar-like pockets arranged like a matrix, which are welded onto the membrane. The pockets are closed after insertion of the heat reflection mats, for example by means of a Velcro fastener or by means of a zipper. This makes the whole membrane practical Covered by these heat reflection mats invisibly in the pockets.

Advantageously, the membranes are also constructed in a novel way, compared to those of conventional air halls, namely several membrane strips which are connected along their longitudinal sides by means of piping and piping connection profiles together to form a whole membrane. Firstly, it is faster, requires far fewer personnel and still has the advantage that the membrane can be easily dismantled, so that the air-inflated building can be dismantled, moved and rebuilt much easier. The individual film webs are equipped for insertion with special bags, as will be shown and explained later.

To create such an air-inflated hall only one running around the hall strip foundation 23 is built of concrete, which leads longitudinally around the air-inflatable hall to be created. These concrete elements can be embedded in successive sections in a prepared trench. On this strip foundations 23 a Halfen rail 26 is fixed, which is welded to a cast in the concrete anchor steel 27, as shown in Figure 1. The then reaching down to the bottom membrane strips 8 are inserted with their end-side piping 5 from the front or end side into the receiving groove 30 of this anchoring profile 22, as shown by the arrow. This creates a traction-resistant and airtight connection. The individual membrane strips 8 are connected to each other along their longitudinal edges, which are also equipped with piping, by means of several connecting profiles, so that a complete membrane is formed from a plurality of such adjacent membrane strips 8. The anchor profiles 22 are particularly designed so that they can be inserted with a pivoting movement in the open top Halfen rails 26, as this pivoting movement is indicated by arrows inside the Halfen rail 26. At the end, the anchor profile 22 hangs with its two lower shoulders 28 on the undersides of the two wings 29 of the Halfen rail 26. By means of one or more fans then a slight pressure over the atmosphere is generated. Due to this overpressure, the membrane rises up against and is inflated and kept stable in this position by the low pressure. The membrane becomes against the concrete strip foundation 23, with which the membrane is connected by traction, fully clamped.

In Figure 2, a single membrane strip 8 is shown, in a position as if it were installed in a hall membrane. So it extends from the ground over the zenith of the hall to the other side back to the ground. Thus, for example, it measures 42 meters in length if it is to span a tennis field lengthwise. Its width measures depending on the version about 3 to 5 meters. It is double-layered and thus forms a bag. In this bag a heat reflection mat is inserted, as such will be described later. Such mats are roll material available in widths of, for example, 2.5 meters, with a thickness of about 25mm. A strip of 2.5m x 42m length may be placed in the pocket of a membrane strip, or two such heat reflection mats slightly overlapping along its longitudinal edge may be slid into its pocket along the entire length of the membrane strip. For this purpose, the double-layer membrane strip is welded on three sides, and a longitudinal side is initially left open, so that a pocket is formed. This allows the insertion of a strip of heat-reflecting film over the entire length of the membrane strip. Thereafter, the opening of the pocket in the membrane strip is welded, so that the membrane strip is completely sealed, and then several membrane strips are connected by means of connecting profiles with the edges along their edges existing keder.

Figure 3 shows a cross section at the point AA of the membrane stiffener 8, from which it can be seen that an overlap of the two strips 8 is generated along its longitudinal edge, so that there is always a heat reflection film between the inside and outside continuously over the composite membrane strips extends. In FIG. 3 it can be seen that a piping 5 with a film section 6 is welded up on the left-hand membrane strip 8. The membrane strip 8 on the right lies with its longitudinal edge over the longitudinal edge of the left membrane strip 8. Its edge extends into a section 7, which is guided over the piping 5 and around it. Thereafter, a connection profile 1 is pushed over the piping 5, and thus a zugkraftschlüssige connection is generated transversely between these two membrane strips 8. In the interior of the two membrane strips 8 can be seen the heat reflection mats 13. These overlap easily, although they are stuck in different pockets. But with this a continuous heat reflection layer is generated, over the connection of the two membrane strips 8, and it is thus avoided that a cold bridge or thermal bridge is formed. The membrane strip 8 forms directly the outer membrane, made of a material as conventional for the requirements of an outer membrane, and weighs about 1 kg / m ² , and the inner membrane could be made thinner in principle. But because it lies on the ground during the construction of the hall, it must be at least tear-resistant enough, with a wiping of about 500 to 600 grams / m ² . It is impregnated to prevent fungal and mold growth, and both membranes are also impregnated for soil repellency, as conventionally practiced. A pocket for the heat reflection mat 13 is formed between these two membranes.

In Figure 4, the same is shown in principle, except that here the piping is directed downwards, ie towards the hall interior, and the connection profiles are mounted on the underside of the inner membrane. These profiles can be specially designed, with a groove on its then lower side, in which, for example, lighting fixtures, nets, partitions, curtains, etc. can be hung. Advantageously, the inner membranes are perforated, whereby an efficient soundproofing is achieved. The sound, as it is produced in tennis halls of the blows on the balls, or the sound in swimming bands, where it is regularly noisy, is effectively broken at the perforated inner membrane and it is achieved a far more pleasant sound climate.

Figure 5 shows the section along the line B-B in Figure 2. The double-layered membrane strip 8 is brought together at the bottom, directed towards the bottom portion and thus runs in a flat flap 24. This is then placed on the inside of the hall and lies on the floor. It can be seen on the outside of the outer membrane 8 a welded Keder 5. This is used for connection to the ground. It is introduced into a profile that forms an anchor rail on a strip foundation.

FIG. 6 shows an overlap in a perspective view. The left-hand membrane strip 8 is overlapped by the membrane strip 8 on the right side of the image. This right membrane strip runs in a single-layer film, which over the piping. 5 is guided and this full includes and extends a little further beyond the piping 5 addition. Prepared so a connection profile can be pushed over the piping 5.

Figure 7 shows a schematic representation of a number of membrane strips 8, which are arranged one next to the other. They extend for example in a tennis court advantageous along the tennis fields and thus span it across the direction of the tennis nets on the courts.

The construction of a membrane of detachably joinable film webs is explained in an alternative embodiment. For this purpose, a possible piping connection profile 1 is first shown in FIG. This is formed by an aluminum extruded profile, which forms a groove 4 as Kederfassung 2 at its two longitudinal sides. Each such Kederfassung 2 is formed in the example shown by a tube having a longitudinal slot or a groove 4, so that the pipe circumference extends only by about 270 °. The two openings or grooves 4 in the two Kederfassungen 2 are facing away from each other directed outwards, and the two tubes are integrally connected by a connecting web 3. For the connection of two membrane strips 8 such connection profiles 1 of approximately 30cm to 50cm in length are used.

The connectable with such connection profiles 1 film webs 8 with its pocket 12 are equipped along their longitudinal edges with piping 5. For this purpose, these piping 5, for example, as shown in Figure 9, designed as a one-piece plastic round profiles with a radially projecting extension 6. A two-ply film 8 is separated along its edge into two lobes 7, which enclose the extension 6 from both sides and are firmly welded to it. This creates a traction-force-fit connection of the welt 5 with the film web 8. It can also be the edge of a film web 8 welded to the only one side of the extension 6, wherein the force is then not quite symmetrical.

Alternatively, serve as a piping 5 is a rubber round profile 1 1, which is covered by a film 10, wherein the film 10 then terminates in two edge portions 9, as shown in Figure 10. These two edge portions 9 can accommodate a film web 8 with its pocket 12 along its longitudinal edge on both sides between them and they are with the Film web 8 on both sides firmly welded to the edge region of the film web 8. Even so, a zugkraftschlüssige connection is generated transversely to the piping 5.

In Figure 11, a possibility of connecting two adjacent film webs 8 is shown, the longitudinal edges are each equipped with a piping 5. The connecting profiles 1 are pushed in the longitudinal direction of the film webs 8 on the piping 5, one after the other. The resulting between the individual successive connection profiles slots 1 allow a curvature of a membrane thus created also a relatively small radius. The slots between the successive connection profiles 1 can be closed by means of an elastic sealant. Ideally, as long as possible connection profile sections are used. Depending on the wall thickness of the profiles, they are bendable by a radius of several meters depending on the wall thickness of the profiles, which makes it possible to create an entire membrane dome from one side to the other with only a few profile sections. Such a film web 8 a tennis hall, which spans the playing fields in the longitudinal direction, is about 42m long. In addition, a few easily transportable connection profile sections, for example 3 x 14m long sections, or 4 x 10.5m or 6 x 7m sections are sufficient.

FIG. 12 shows an alternative possibility for connecting two adjacent film webs 8. Here, only the film web 8 is equipped on the left with a piping 5 in the picture. The film web 8 on the right is looped with its longitudinal region around the piping 5 of the other film web 8 and afterwards a connection profile 1 is pushed over the piping erected by 90 °, as shown. This includes the piping 5 by more than about 270 ° and this causes a zugkraftschlüssige connection of the two film webs 8 transverse to the piping 5. The individual connection profiles 1 measure, for example, about 30 to 50cm and can therefore be pushed by a single mechanic. Optionally, longer profile sections can be used, up to a maximum transportable length.

In Figure 13 you can see a tennis hall in cross section. The film webs 8 extend transversely to the viewing direction and extend from the bottom upwards, over the zenith of the ridge out to the other side and there again to the ground. The connection profiles 1 are pushed in the longitudinal direction of the film webs over their piping 5, one after the other. The between each successive Connecting profiles 1 resulting slots allow a curvature of the membrane and a relatively small radius. These slots can be closed with an elastic sealant.

FIG. 14 shows two film webs 8, which are connected to connection profiles 1. The film webs 8 are conventional textile-reinforced plastic films, ideally from 3 to 5 meters wide. They can be transported in rolls to the site, in lengths of, for example, 42m, to form a whole dome length in one piece. If they are transported in shorter sections, they can be welded on the building site in conventional manner by slight overlap by a few cm traction and tight together to achieve the necessary length. These film webs 8 are now equipped as a special feature with pockets 12. These pockets 12 extend across the width of the film webs 8 between the cords 5, so are approximately 3 m to 5 m wide, and they are slightly deeper than 1 .5m to 2.5m, so that after insertion of a 1 .5 m or 2.5 m wide mat is formed a free edge, which can be equipped on the open side of the pockets on the inside with Velcro. Bottom and sides of the bags are firmly welded to the film web 8 or riveted or glued to the same. In these bags heat reflection mats 13 are inserted of the same dimension, ie 1 .5 m to 2.5 m wide and 3 m to 5 m long mats. Of course, the pockets 12 and the heat reflection mats 13 to be inserted into them can also be made smaller.

These heat reflection mats are known, for example, as Lu.po.Therm B2 + 8 and available from LSP GmbH, Gewerbering 1, A-5144 Handenberg. They are supplied, inter alia, in rolls of 1 .5 m or 2.5 m width and can be cut from these roles in sections 13, in this case on the respective width of the film webs 8, while the pockets 12 are designed with their depth to the width of the rollers. These multilayer heat reflection mats are available in versions up to 12cm thick. While thermal insulation materials such as mineral wool, Polytsrol, polyurethane, cellulose, wood wool, hemp or others are merely able to insulate, with a λ> 0.026 W / mK, it is disregarded with such materials that the radiant heat in relation to the temperature a much larger proportion at the heat loss, over 90%, because T ⁴ = W / m ² applies. The higher the temperature, the more dramatic the proportion of Heat radiation, which ultimately leads to heat loss. Thermal protection is achieved in cascade when the heat reflection mat is multi-layered, with a variety of cumulative interactions. Thus, these heat reflection materials achieve approximately 100% reflection of the incoming radiant heat. This is so for the most part reflected back into the interior of the air-inflated hall. Conversely, in the summer, the heat radiation of the sun is reflected and inside the air-inflated hall, it remains pleasantly cool, which is especially welcome for playing tennis. The technical specifications of these heat reflection mats are as follows:

These heat reflection mats are preferably installed in a tennis court in a 3cm thick version. They are welded all around, just for fixing, so not tight and firm. A grid perforation with T-end threads results in the diffusion-open outer side. Thus the dew point degassing is already installed. For example Lu.Po Therm B2 + 8 thermal insulation or any other mat with similar technical and mechanical properties in the field of heat reflection is suitable as a make. Lu.Po Therm B2 + 8 is well suited because it is thin, simply flexible and flexible. Because these heat reflection mats are highly flexible, their installation is no problem even with corners and contours. They are not hygroscopic, and therefore they provide a consistent reflection effect. Preferably, such an air-inflated hall is constructed with a double-shell membrane incorporating a thermal reflective material for thermal building insulation in pockets 12 on the inside of the inner membrane. As a heat reflection mat, a multilayer hybrid insulating mat with integrated energy-efficient IR-reflecting aluminum foils is advantageously used. Two to eight layers of absorption-reducing bubble wrap provide the convective distances through the trapped air in the knobs for optimal convective action. These reduces the transmission heat losses. The heat reflection mats 13 contain up to five layers of metallized films for highly effective infrared radiation, with low intrinsic emission. In addition, there is a highly effective shield against high-frequency radiation, waves and fields.

Structurally attractive is also the fact that the heat reflection mats to be inserted are very light - with a specific weight of only 0.430 kg / m ² . With a lift hall for three tennis courts, with a membrane area of 2'324m ^2, this results in an additional load of a total of 999.32 kg, ie about one ton. This is almost negligible compared to the snow loads to be borne and the inherent weight of the foils.

Figure 15 shows a film web 8 with a single bag 12. In this, a heat reflection mat 13 is inserted on the open side so that it fills the bag 12 over its entire surface. The opening of the pockets 12 may be equipped with zippers 14 so that the pockets 12 can be closed approximately airtight after insertion of the heat reflection mats 13. Instead of zippers 14 to close the bags can also be welded airtight. On a film web 8, the pockets 12 are arranged in a row adjoining one another or in a matrix-like manner with a plurality of rows of pockets. Each is so equipped with a heat reflection mat 13.

The inflatable halls, which are equipped with such special heat reflection mats 13, which cover practically the entire membrane surface inside or outside in pockets 12, provide a much better overall U-value than before, namely less than 1 .0 W / m ² K. In addition to the heat reflection mats 13, it is also possible to use special acoustic membranes as inner membranes, which are likewise inserted into the pockets 12. This allows the hall acoustics to be adapted to different floors and adjusted so that it is perceived as pleasant. The interior membrane perforated in the hall for this purpose breaks and in this case the noise. In tennis halls, the impact sounds are largely absorbed. The result is a much more pleasant acoustics than hitherto in indoor tennis courts. The individual film webs 8 can be connected by means of the connecting profiles 1 and their piping 5 along their longitudinal edges traction, until the entire membrane is assembled in this way on the site and lies on the ground. The connection profiles of the type shown in FIG. 8 can be arranged both on the inside or on the outside of the membrane. The outer edges of the created membrane are then tightly connected to the floor or window frame. In any case, when the film webs 8 are sealingly connected in this way with connecting profiles 1 for piping 5, eliminates clamping screw connections, which are relatively more expensive to install.

Figure 16 shows an air-inflated hall for two tennis courts in a view on the side, which extends along the long sides of the tennis courts. It is designed as a special feature with a window front. This consists of a skeleton of window frame profiles 15 to 18 and is assembled on the construction site, the bottom row is equipped with transparent plastic films, so-called ETFE films, which are all around equipped with Kedersäumen and only in the window frame profiles 15 to 18 must be inserted. The height of the bottom row of windows is around 5.2 meters, and the width of these windows is 5 meters. So they are almost square shaped. If additional intermediate struts are used, it is also possible to assemble them with unbreakable window glass. As FIG. 17 shows, the two profile struts 18 are initially set steeply at the outer ends and left to rest loosely. On them, the respective outermost foil web 8 of the assembled membrane is again fastened from the bottom upwards via a keder connection. From the upper end of these outermost profile struts 18, the film web 8 is still loose and lies in the middle on the ground, and at the other end it is again in the same way with the local loose outermost profile 18 is connected. It stretches over approximately 42 meters.

From the situation as shown in Figure 17 which is otherwise anchored in the direction perpendicular to the drawing sheet level on both sides tight and zugschlüssig conventionally anchored membrane, which is also attached at the rear end as here on such a window, by activating the fan and blowing in air inflated inside. She begins to puff and rises. The outermost struts 18 gradually take the positions as shown in FIG. 18 and become them afterwards firmly connected to the upper corners of the already standing profile wall and also anchored at the bottom. Then, the upper struts 19 are installed as shown in Figure 16 and as soon as the outer edges of the outermost film webs 8 reach this height, these edges are fastened along the upper edges 19 of the profile front, by inserting Keder- connection profiles. As a result, the membrane is gradually sealed better and better until it is completely and everywhere sealed with its edges on the ground or on the profile fronts 19.

Figure 19 shows this indoor tennis court in a floor plan, with the two spanned tennis fields with their field markings 20 and 21 networks drawn. The hall thus has a square floor plan, with 36 meters side length. The window fronts extend along the long sides of the tennis fields, so that they are far less hit with balls than about the transverse sides of the tennis courts.

In Figure 20, a tennis court for three tennis courts is shown. Again, the 36-meter-long window front extends along the long sides of the tennis courts, as can be seen from the plan in Figure 21, and those sides of the air-inflated hall, where the membrane reaches to the bottom, then measures 53.9 meters. FIG. 22 shows the profile wall of this tennis hall with the formed 5 meter wide and 9 meter high windows, and in FIG. 23 this tennis hall is shown in a bird's eye view. Unlike conventional airbases, this hall has a barrel-shaped roof, no longer a dome with a zenith that extends all the way to the floor.

FIG. 24 shows a further embodiment, here on the basis of the plan. It is designed for two tennis courts and measures 36m x 36m. In Figure 25 it is shown in a view from the side which runs along the head sides of the tennis courts, the networks 21 of the tennis courts are located inside the hall. On the left and on the right this air-inflated hall has vertical 3.5 m high end surfaces with windows, from the upper edge of which the membrane is laterally fastened with its piping to the profiles 16. From the profile 16, the membrane then rises at an angle, up to the 9m high ridge. FIG. 26 shows this air-inflated hall seen on a window front. The individual windows are 5m long and 3.5m high, and the outermost are approximately equilateral triangles, and the whole window front measures 36m in length. Figure 27 shows this indoor tennis court in a perspective view and gives a better idea of the advantages of such a window front for the ambience. The frame for the windows is still strutted in the example shown with the obliquely arranged struts 25 against the outside to absorb the increased internal pressure. The fact that conventional air-halls prevent visual communication with the outside world is often perceived as a serious disadvantage of such a tennis hall and only reluctantly accepted by the public. A tennis air-inflated hall with a double-sided continuous window front is flooded with natural light and offers an incomparable playing atmosphere compared to a conventional tennis air-inflated hall. From the outside, the air-inflated hall is lighter and stylistically more convincing, less voluminous and more dynamic. Finally, Figure 28 shows how the view from inside offers a tennis field to the outside.

In summary, such air-inflated hall offers a whole series of striking technical advantages over conventional constructions.

1 . Enormously better thermal insulation of the air-inflated hall by convexity of the radiant heat at the heat reflection mats.

2. Highly improved noise insulation increases well-being inside.

3. One-sided or double-sided continuous window fronts flood the air-inflated hall with daylight, which significantly improves the ambience.

4. The easy handling with insertable in connection profiles 1 piping 5 assembly of the air-inflated hall is greatly facilitated. It requires far less staff, both for the construction and for the dismantling. Instead of 20 technicians, the work of 4 technicians can be mastered. The assembly time is significantly reduced by the ease of use. This can save costs.

5. The tracks or membrane strips 8 of the air box can be easily removed in the spring and rolled up on rollers and thus are very easy to store compared to a conventional air-inflated hall.

6. The assembly requires no special tools. The connection profiles can be pushed over the piping by hand. To screwed clamps are unnecessary. 7. The strip foundations 23 can be factory-made as ready-mixed concrete elements and transported with inserted anchor rails and prepared insulation connections completely ready to the site and laid there.

8. The strip foundations are equipped with connection profiles 1 as anchor profile rails 22, so that only the end-side piping 5 must be inserted into the connection profiles 1 for the bottom attachment of the film webs 8.

9. There is no need for concrete work on site.

digits directory

1 connection profile for piping

2 tubes for the formation of grooves

3 connecting bridge

4 longitudinal slot in the connection profile 1

5 piping

6 Kederfortsätze

7 lobes on the edge of the film

8 film web

9 edge portions of the film 10 to the rubber profile 1 1

10 film then to rubber profile 1 1

1 1 rubber round profile

12 bag on film web 8

13 heat reflection mat

14 Velcro closure to close the bag 12

15 Frame profile at the window below

16 Frame profile at the top of the window

17 Frame profile vertically at the window

18 Schiefwinkliges frame profile at the outer end

19 top struts along the membrane

20 field lines tennis court

21 tennis net

22 anchoring profile

23 concrete foundation strips

24 end flap membrane strips

25 struts to catch the internal pressure on the window front

26 Halfen rail Anchor steel in concrete foundation strips Wing on the Halfen rail

Shoulders on the anchoring profile 22 receiving groove anchoring profile 22

Claims

claims

1 . Air-inflated hall with one or more membrane shells made of plastic film material, wherein between the outer membrane and the inner membrane, a heat reflection mat (13) is included.

2. air-inflated hall according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat reflection mat is a multi-layer hybrid insulating mat with integrated energy-efficient IR-reflective aluminum foils, from two to eight layers absorption-reducing bubble wrap to achieve convective distances through the trapped air in the knobs and thus one optimal convective effect to reduce the transmission heat losses, as well as several layers metallized films for highly effective infrared radiation with low intrinsic emission and effective shield against high-frequency radiation, waves and fields.

3. air-inflated housing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the outer and inner membranes of membrane strips (8) are constructed, which along their longitudinal edges via at least one piping (5) with a Keder- connection profile (1) with Keder-Fassungsprofil ( 2), each membrane strip (8) forms an air-tight pocket (12) in which one or more heat-reflecting mats (13) are inserted filling the pocket (12).

4. air-inflated hall according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the outer and inner membranes of the whole halls spanning membrane strips (8) is constructed, which along its longitudinal edges via at least one piping (5) with a Kederprofil (1) traction each membrane strip forms a pocket (12), which is sealed airtight on all sides, and in which one or more heat-reflection mats (13) the bag (12) are inserted filling, and wherein the membrane strips (8) in their end, 50cm up to 100cm from the end, have a transverse to the membrane strip (8) extending piping (5) by means of which they at a Anchor rail (22) anchored with Keder-connection profile (1) with Keder-socket profile, and formed between the piping (5) and the end of the membrane strip (8) flap (24) is folded inwards into the hall on the ground.

5. air-inflated hall according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the outer and inner membranes of airtight membrane strips (8) is constructed, which overlap a piece along their longitudinal edges, so that the inserted in them heat reflection mats (13) overlap a piece far and the hall, as far as it consists of a membrane, is continuously enclosed by a heat reflection mat (13).

6. air-inflated hall according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the membrane strips (8) are interconnected so that in each case the longitudinal edge of a membrane strip (8) with a piping (5) is connected, and the edge region of the subsequent membrane strip (8) this welt (5) overlaps enclosing, and one or more Keder-connection profiles (1) are pushed with Kederfassung over the piping (5).

7. air-inflated housing according to one of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that Keder-connection profile (1) with Keder-mounting profile (2) on the Keder- the frame profile (1) opposite side or in the two side walls grooves for hanging objects like lighting fixtures, nets, curtains, partitions etc.

8. air-inflated hall according to one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that the at least one membrane is equipped on its underside with comprehensive arrayed flat, welded, glued, sewn or riveted airtight pockets (12), each running open on one side are, for inserting a multi-layer heat reflection mat (13) in the form of a hybrid insulating mat with infrared radiation metallized films or aluminum foils, these openings by means of a zipper (14) are approximately airtight or hermetically sealed by a weld.

9. air-inflated hall according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the heat reflection mats (13) a plurality of layers of Absorption reducing air cushion films are installed, to reduce transmission heat losses.

10. air-inflated hall according to one of the preceding claims, that membrane strips (8) are perforated for the inside of the air-inflated hall, for effecting a sound refraction and thus to improve the sound acoustics inside the hall.

1 1. Air-inflated hall according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 7 or 9 to 10, characterized in that the film webs (8) measure in width 3 to 5 meters and correspond in length to the span of the air-inflatable hall to be built, so over its entire length a seamless Roof membrane is created.

12. airfoil according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises on at least one longitudinal or transverse side of a frame structure which is connected to the adjacent membrane material, and in the frame section (15) at least one transparent ETFE film is incorporated, to Formation of a window front.

13. air-inflated hall according to claim 12, characterized in that it comprises on at least one longitudinal or transverse side a frame construction with a frame profile (15) along a strip foundation (23), at least one horizontal frame profile (16) extending above with a groove on its top, to Insertion of a welt (5) of a subsequent film web (8), and a groove on its underside for insertion of the welt (5) is fitted to a transparent transparent ETFE film below, and equipped with vertical frame profiles (17) as struts, with two-sided grooves for insertion of the piping (5) on the lateral edges of the transparent FTFE film sections, and that on both end sides of the window thus erected obliquely arranged support struts (18) are installed, with two-sided grooves for inserting the piping (5) of the inside subsequent Window film and the outer subsequent film web (8).

14. air-inflated hall according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is held along the boundary of its plan on prefabricated ready-mixed concrete strip foundations (23) in sections a Traglufhalle embedded in the trench and on whose upper side a Halfenprofil (26) is fixed with an opening upwards, and that anchor profiles (22) with the introduced into their receiving groove (30) piping (5) of the membrane with their lower shoulders (29) in the Opening of this Halfenprofils (26) are pivoted and therein at the opening edges (28) can be suspended, the traction-force-fit connection of the membrane with the precast concrete strip foundation (23).