WO2013175274A1 - Selective optical film - Google Patents
Selective optical film Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2013175274A1 WO2013175274A1 PCT/IB2012/053076 IB2012053076W WO2013175274A1 WO 2013175274 A1 WO2013175274 A1 WO 2013175274A1 IB 2012053076 W IB2012053076 W IB 2012053076W WO 2013175274 A1 WO2013175274 A1 WO 2013175274A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- multiple layer
- film according
- radiation
- spectrum
- constituted
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000012788 optical film Substances 0.000 title description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000037338 UVA radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001610 cryolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000004673 fluoride salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000423 chromium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium fluoride Chemical compound [Li+].[F-] PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- ORUIBWPALBXDOA-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Mg+2] ORUIBWPALBXDOA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[Na+] PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 5
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 4
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005562 fading Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004383 yellowing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 208000000453 Skin Neoplasms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010042496 Sunburn Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003449 preventive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011002 quantification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000000849 skin cancer Diseases 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/20—Filters
- G02B5/28—Interference filters
- G02B5/281—Interference filters designed for the infrared light
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/20—Filters
- G02B5/28—Interference filters
- G02B5/283—Interference filters designed for the ultraviolet
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/20—Filters
- G02B5/28—Interference filters
- G02B5/285—Interference filters comprising deposited thin solid films
Abstract
The invention is a film with optical selectivity to sun radiation, suited to transmit one or more spectrum components of the sun radiation, comprising a substrate (S) in a glass-based or plastic material and a multiple layer (M) deposited or grown on the surface (S I ) of said substrate (S) suited to be exposed to sun radiation. Said multiple layer (M) is constituted by at least two layers (A, B) of inorganic materials with different refractive indices and nanometric size.
Description
SELECTIVE OPTICAL FILM
DESCRIPTION
The present patent concerns the films with optical selectivity to sun radiation and in particular it concerns a new film with optical selectivity suited to transmit one or more spectrum components of sun radiation, so as to ensure that people, animals or objects in general are protected.
It is known that excessive exposure to sun radiation can cause multiple detrimental effects in man if suitable protection means are not used. In the short term sun burns may be caused, while in the long term said detrimental effects can include increased risk of skin cancer, early ageing, etc.
The sun radiation has detrimental effects on objects and materials of various types, causing their deterioration.
Several methods, devices and substances are known that are suited to protect people but also animals, plants or objects against sun radiation.
For example, common screens, panels, umbrellas are known that are made of materials reflecting sunlight, for example normal tissues or panels in opaque materials.
Selective plastic films are known that are used to make screens having the function of transmitting UV radiation with lower frequency, that is, UVA radiation, preventing, instead, the transmission of UV radiation with higher frequency, meaning UVB and UVC radiation.
Plastic films are known to which substances like additives in general, paints, pigments are added, having the function of absorbing UV radiation and known also as UV absorbers.
The known plastic films are presently used to make screens, sunbeds, parasols, coverings in general suited to filter sun radiation with the purpose of protecting the people, animals, plants or objects positioned under them
from the most dangerous UV radiation, that is, that with higher frequency. The known plastic films have some technological and functional limitations.
1) Reduced stability of the optical properties.
The products patented up to now are constituted by transparent plastic sheets to which said UV absorbers are added: said system configuration does not allow complete protection of the transparent sheets containing the absorbers from the interaction with the different components of the sun radiation.
The interaction of the transparent sheets with the high-energy components of the sun radiation, for example UVB radiation, causes the deterioration of their optical properties: in particular, the sheets made up in this way are subjected to yellowing phenomena in the case of transparent sheets and to reduced colour intensity or fading phenomena in the case of coloured sheets.
2) Reduced colour precision.
The colour selectivity of the products known and developed up to now is based on the capacity of the UV absorbers to absorb some components of the sun radiation, for example UVB radiation. However, the absorption peaks of these materials are broad peaks and not resolved: this means that the products known and developed are characterized by reduced precision and efficiency in the selection of the spectrum components to be screened and transmitted. One one hand, this does not allow complete screening of the harmful spectrum bands and on the other hand does not allow the optimal transmission of the colour bands that are functional to the optical and/or aesthetic properties of the final product.
3) Reduced colour versatility.
The families of UV absorbers used in the products known up to now and developed are a few and are characterized by reduced colour versatility as
the optical characteristics of the absorbers are intrinsic properties of the molecules.
In order to overcome all the drawbacks mentioned above a new type of film with high optical selectivity has been designed and produced, which is capable of transmitting the spectrum component 315 nm - 400 nm while reflecting at least the spectrum component 250 - 315 nm and 400 - 800 nm. The main object of the present invention is to guarantee high stability of its optical, structural and functional properties while protecting the substrate from interaction with the sun radiation.
It is another object of the present invention to guarantee the screening function against harmful sun radiation over time.
It is another object of the present invention to limit the yellowing phenomena and the loss of colour intensity or fading of the plastic support. It is a further object of the present invention to guarantee high stability, also thermal, mechanical and chemical stability, as well as stability in terms of resistance to corrosion.
It is another object of the present invention to ensure advanced optical properties, with high definition and precision.
It is another object of the present invention to ensure high colour versatility. These and other direct and complementary objects are achieved by the new film with high optical selectivity, comprising in its main parts at least one substrate in a glass-based or plastic material, rigid, semi-rigid or flexible, and a multiple layer deposited or grown on at least one surface of said substrate, that is, at least on the surface suited to be exposed to sun radiation.
Said multiple layer is constituted by layers of inorganic material characterized by different refractive indices.
Said multiple layer is constituted by at least two inorganic materials characterized by different refractive index: said structures are preferably constituted by sequential structures ABAB comprising a material A with high refractive index and a material B with low refractive index.
The inorganic materials preferably used for making said multiple layer are oxides, nitrides, chlorides and fluorides: said inorganic materials are for example chromium oxide (Cr203), titanium oxide (Ti02), calcium fluoride (CaF2), cryolite (Na3AlF6), lithium fluoride (LiF), magnesium fluoride (MgF2), silicon dioxide (Si02), sodium fluoride (NaF).
Said multiple layer is characterized by a final overall thickness of less than 2.5 μηι and is constituted by layers characterized by thicknesses of less than 300 nm.
Said multiple layer is constituted by materials having different refractive indices: preferably, the materials with high refractive index will have a value exceeding 2.0 while the materials with low refractive index will have a value of less than 1.6 in the spectrum ranges involved.
Said multiple layer is capable of transmitting the spectrum component 315 nm - 400 nm, meaning the UVA radiation, while reflecting at least the spectrum component 250 - 315 nm, meaning at least the UVB radiation, and 400 - 800 nm. Said multiple layer is preferably characterized by an average percentage coefficient of reflection exceeding 60% in the spectrum range 250 - 315 nm, that is, with respect to UVB radiation, and by an average percentage transmittance exceeding 80% in the spectrum range 315 nm - 400 nm, that is, with respect to UVA radiation.
In particular, three substantial advantages related to the technological configuration of the new film have been identified.
1) High stability of the optical and structural properties.
The new film, differently from the products developed up to now, is a film constituted by said multiple layer of materials grown on an apposite glass- based or plastic substrate. Said innovative structure ensures complete protection of the substrate from interaction with the sun radiation: in fact, with this system configuration the UVB radiation is reflected in a preventive manner by the oxide multiple layer and does not interact with said substrate. This guarantees for the final product a considerable increase in the stability of the optical properties compared to the products developed up to now and makes it possible to protect the sheets from the yellowing phenomena and also from the loss of colour intensity or fading phenomena.
The stability of the optical properties, in addition to guaranteeing the aesthetic characteristics of the product over time, guarantees that its functionality is maintained over time, in particular the screening function against harmful radiation. On the other hand, the products patented up to now, being characterized by optical properties that deteriorate over time, cannot guarantee said stability characteristics.
Finally the new film, in which said multiple layer is completely constituted by inorganic materials like oxides, nitrides and fluorides, is characterized by high stability in terms of thermal, mechanical and chemical properties, with high resistance to corrosion.
2) Advanced optical properties.
The new film, comprising said multiple layer constituted by layers of nanometric size, is characterized by extremely higher precision and definition of the optical properties compared to the conventional products consisting of sheets with the addition of UV absorbers. This gives on one side the potential for generating a range of solutions that is much wider compared to the conventional products and on the other side gives the new
film the possibility to assume considerably higher specific functions compared to the products proposed up to now, like for example the screening of specific spectrum components.
3) High colour versatility.
Another important advantage offered by the new film compared to the existing products lies in that the optical properties of the new film can be designed in advance depending on the specific application needs both in the definition of the optical windows transmitted and reflected and in the quantification of the percentages of reflected/transmitted radiation in the individual spectrum windows. This kind of design is not possible with the conventional products in which the colour functionalities of the sheets are determined in a univocal manner by the type of UV absorber used.
The characteristics of the new film will be highlighted in greater detail in the following description with reference to the attached drawing, which is provided by way of example without limitation.
The multilayer structures (M) that are the subject of the present invention are optical elements constituted by a stack of alternating layers (A, B) with different refractive index: said structures are preferably constituted by sequential structures ABAB comprising a material (A) with high refractive index and a material (B) with low refractive index. The process of multiple reflection of the radiation generated by said nanostmctured multilayer structures gives rise to a phenomenon of constructive and destructive interference that makes it possible to transmit (T) and reflect (F) the different optical components of the incident radiation (R) in an extremely efficient and selective manner .
A graphic representation of said multiple reflection process is shown in Figure 1, in which it is possible to observe an operating diagram of a
multilayer film (M) deposited or grown on at least one surface (S I ) of a glass-based or plastic substrate (S). In the specific example illustrated herein said multiple layer (M) is constituted by 6 individual alternating layers (A, B) respectively with high and low refractive index.
The new film is particularly suitable for making screens, walls, partitions or protective coverings in general, for example for sunbathing purposes or to protect people, plants, animals or objects in general from sun radiation considered harmful.
Therefore, with reference to the above description and the attached drawing, the following claims are expressed.
Claims
1. Film with optical selectivity to sun radiation, suited to transmit one or more spectrum components of the sun radiation, characterized in that it comprises at least one substrate (S) in a glass-based or plastic material and a multiple layer (M) deposited or grown on at least one surface (SI) of said substrate (S), that is, at least one the surface suited to be exposed to sun radiation, said multiple layer (M) consisting of at least two layers (A, B) of inorganic materials having different refractive indices and nanometric size.
2. Film according to claim 1 , characterized in that said multiple layer (M) is obtained from sequential structures ABAB constituted by a material A with high refractive index and a material B with low refractive index.
3. Film according to claims 1 , 2, characterized in that said inorganic materials used for making said multiple layer (M) are oxides and/or nitrides and/or chlorides and/or fluorides.
4. Film according to claim 3, characterized in that said inorganic materials used are chromium oxide (Cr203), titanium oxide (Ti02), calcium fluoride (CaF2), cryolite (Na3AlF6), lithium fluoride (LiF), magnesium fluoride (MgF2), silicon dioxide (Si02), sodium fluoride (NaF).
5. Film according to the preceding claims, characterized in that the final overall thickness of said multiple layer is less than 2.5 μηι.
6. Film according to the preceding claims, characterized in that the thickness of the individual layers (A, B) making up said final multiple layer (M) is less than 300 nm.
7. Film according to the preceding claims, characterized in that said multiple layer (M) is constituted by materials (B) having upper refractive indices above 2.0 and materials (A) having lower refractive indices below 1.6 in the spectrum ranges involved.
8. Film according to the preceding claims, characterized in that said multiple layer (M) is capable of transmitting the spectrum component 315 nm - 400 ran, meaning UVA radiation, while reflecting at least the spectrum component 250 - 315 nm, meaning at least UVB radiation, and 400 - 800 nm.
9. Film according to the preceding claims, characterized in that said multiple layer (M) is characterized by an average percentage coefficient of reflection exceeding 60% in the spectrum range 250 - 315 nm, that is, with respect to UVB radiation.
10. Film according to the preceding claims, characterized in that said multiple layer (M) is characterized by an average percentage transmittance exceeding 80% in the spectrum range 315 - 400 nm, that is, with respect to UVA radiation.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ITPD20120162 | 2012-05-23 | ||
| ITPD2012A000162 | 2012-05-23 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2013175274A1 true WO2013175274A1 (en) | 2013-11-28 |
Family
ID=46640069
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/IB2012/053076 WO2013175274A1 (en) | 2012-05-23 | 2012-06-19 | Selective optical film |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| WO (1) | WO2013175274A1 (en) |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3410625A (en) * | 1963-08-05 | 1968-11-12 | Monsanto Co | Multi-layer interference film with outermost layer for suppression of pass-band reflectance |
| US20040240067A1 (en) * | 2003-03-26 | 2004-12-02 | Graziano Marusi | Multilayer interference filter for photochromic lenses |
-
2012
- 2012-06-19 WO PCT/IB2012/053076 patent/WO2013175274A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3410625A (en) * | 1963-08-05 | 1968-11-12 | Monsanto Co | Multi-layer interference film with outermost layer for suppression of pass-band reflectance |
| US20040240067A1 (en) * | 2003-03-26 | 2004-12-02 | Graziano Marusi | Multilayer interference filter for photochromic lenses |
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