WO2013075158A1

WO2013075158A1 - Process for producing a front plate for a control-related operating panel, front plate produced accordingly and operating panel equipped therewith

Info

Publication number: WO2013075158A1
Application number: PCT/AT2012/050180
Authority: WO
Inventors: Günther Gruber
Original assignee: Keba Ag
Priority date: 2011-11-21
Filing date: 2012-11-20
Publication date: 2013-05-30
Also published as: AT516389A5; DE112012004836A5; AT516389B1

Abstract

The invention relates to a process for producing a front plate (26) for a control-related, touch-sensitive operating panel (5), which front plate (26) comprises mineral glass or acrylic glass and is intended for structural superposition with respect to a graphic output means. Here, haptically perceivable, raised markings (28) are formed on the front plate (26) for identifying and/or delimiting at least one partial region of the front plate (26) provided as a touch-sensitive input surface (29). The haptically perceivable, raised markings (28) are produced here by being imprinted, wherein for the time being a first layer of a first synthetic resin coating material, in particular with optimized adhesion to mineral glass or acrylic glass, is applied to the mineral glass or acrylic glass. Then, at least one further layer of a second synthetic resin coating material, in particular with optimized toughness, hardness and/or chemical resistance, is applied by at least partial overprinting of the first layer. The invention furthermore relates to a correspondingly produced front plate (26) and to an operating panel (5) equipped with such a front plate (26).

Description

Method for producing a windscreen for a control technology Bedienpaneh accordingly produced front screen and thus equipped control panel

The invention relates to a method for producing a windshield for a control-technology, touch-sensitive control panel, as well as a windscreen produced by this method, as specified in claims 1 and 17. Furthermore, the invention relates to a control panel for a control device, which control panel comprises the front window according to the invention.

From the field of control technology or the control engineering automation of plants, machines or technical processes, it is known to provide electronic control devices that form a so-called human-machine interface (HMI) in order to visualize process data and influence the To allow control processes by the operator. For this purpose, such control devices include stationary and / or mobile control panels or portable devices which form such a man-machine interface, as described, for example, in US Pat

WO 03/001393 A2, which is based on the Applicant, is disclosed. In this prior art embodiment, it has been proposed to implement a combined input and output device in the form of a touch screen, whereby visualization and monitoring of process-relevant parameters and a change of control processes by means of software-based input masks is made possible by means of this touch screen. The touch screen offers a flexible and situation-adapted display and mode of operation for a plurality of visually perceptible input and output areas and thus enables an overall very intuitive and graphically supported acquisition and modification of machine states and parameters.

Typical input elements on a touch screen are sensing and switching elements for the incremental change of analog values, or switching elements for changing discrete parameters or states. Also visualized replicas of analog input means in the form of sliders or encoders (jog wheels) are well known. For the inexpensive construction of such touch screens, essentially two technologies have become increasingly prevalent. Touch screens based on the resistive principle of operation point to the Front, ie on the user-facing side actuation of a transparent glass or plastic disc a multilayer film construction with transparent, like a land or lattice-like arranged tracks and contact points, by which the location of the force can be detected by a mechanical force on the touch foil detectable , The disadvantage of resistive touch screens is the touch foil on the actuation side, which is sensitive to mechanical as well as chemical effects.

By contrast, touch screens based on the capacitive action principle have a plurality of conductor tracks and electrodes deposited on a transparent pane or film, by means of which the change in the electric field upon contact or approach with a finger can be detected and also the position of the touch on the touch screen is determinable. Capacitive effect touch screens are gaining increasing popularity in industrial environments, since in this technology so-called multi-touches are increasingly available and thus new, intuitive operating philosophies are made possible, as they have already found in the consumer sector. On the other hand capacitive Touches also act through thin, upstream glass panes. This allows the construction of very robust touch panels with completely closed glass front, which have excellent resistance to chemical influences, moisture, dirt and scratching. In addition, windshields made of glass compared to plastic discs usually have much better optical properties. In addition, a very attractive or high-quality design of control panels is made possible by a glass front section. Even a simple cleaning, possibly in conjunction with chemical cleaning agents, is to strive for. Furthermore, the possibility of using disinfectants, especially in areas with increased hygiene requirements of increased importance.

While the parameterization of machines and systems using a touch screen for many years is common, however, are for the delivery of movement or movement commands for immediate execution by the machine, as in particular in the course of setting up a machine in advance of a subsequent automatic Processing takes place, still provided additional and specially trained input means in the manner of a joystick, a jog wheel or separately arranged, electromechanical motion keys and used. At these additional input means are mainly used in industrial use places high demands on functional reliability, robustness and tightness against dust, gases and liquids, which makes them a considerable cost factor. A significant reason for their previous use instead of the touch screen is that Verfahrkommandos for machine positioning usually done or must be done under the constant visual control of the operator to allow accurate and above all secure positioning of the machine axes. For this reason, the operator must be able to reliably operate the electromechanical operating elements relevant for the travel movement without constant or repeated glances at the operating panel or at the operating elements and be able to quickly and unambiguously switch back and forth between functionally associated operating elements.

EP 1 014 295 A2 describes a touch input means for use in the motor vehicle sector with a plurality of operating elements, wherein the front face of the input means has various tactile markings which provide the user with blind orientation and blind locating of the various operating elements allows. At first glance, this solution seems transferable to the field of application of machine operation described above, by improving the blind orientation of an operator on a touch panel. However, the cited document does not give sufficient indications as to how front surfaces with such markings, especially in medium quantities, can be produced cost-effectively in series. In particular, it gives no indication as to how such windshields can be produced with tactile markings. In the case of comparatively small touch input means, as described in EP 1 014 295 A2, it is obvious to produce such front surfaces or front panels of transparent plastic in one piece by means of an injection molding process.

DE 102 17 965 A1 describes a method and an apparatus for embossing glass, in which markings and characters are embossed using an embossing roll in a glass plate heated to a viscosity. After cooling, these marks are accordingly durable. Disadvantages of this method are the high outlay for producing the embossing roll and the lack of possibilities for forming variants which make this process appear economical only in the case of very large quantities. From DE 1 596 666 AI a method for producing relief-like applications on glass is also known, in which a powdered coating composition is applied with glass particles on the glass surface and then fused by a heat treatment. The baking process is exemplified with a temperature of 630 ° C and a duration of 6 minutes.

On the generally flat front panel of a control panel haptic marks can also be created by milling or grinding recesses. However, this method has the decisive disadvantage of a comparatively high processing effort and a rather limited freedom of design combined with high costs, so that this solution comes only for small quantities in high-priced product segments in question. In addition, unwanted notch stresses develop in the vicinity of the milled grooves within the glass plate, which decisively impair the mechanical breaking strength.

Today, various methods are known from the general state of the art with which raised structures in multiple layers can be applied to various carrier materials by printing processes, in particular ink-jet printing processes. Radiation-curing, in particular UV-curing, synthetic resins or lacquers are preferably applied and cured in several layers and in this way correspondingly raised structures are produced. For the printing process, so-called ink-jet flatbed printers are used, which generate the print image directly by appropriate control based on a digital data set, which is why the technique is also referred to as digital printing. In principle, sufficiently elevated structures can be produced on a plate-like carrier material according to this method, which enable good haptic perception. The methods are generally well suited for the cost-effective production of small and medium quantities or for a large variety of variants, since no molding costs incurred for injection molds. Also by so-called screen printing process can be generated in a similar manner raised structures. Such screen printing methods are used using special textured paints, for example for the production of Braille printings on drug packages. Despite the availability of a wide variety of specialty inks, including those that are said to be particularly suitable for printing on a variety of materials, practical tests have shown that the digital printing or screen-printing does not provide sufficient markings with the available processes and coatings or permanent liability can not be achieved. Especially with large temperature changes, as required by the usual operating specifications for control components in the industrial sector, the achievable adhesion and the resistance to shearing was insufficient. In addition, the mechanical and chemical stress caused by the constant coating of the markings and by the contact with moisture, in particular with perspiration as well as with cleaning agents, represents a considerable requirement for the permanence of the imprints, which demands in their entirety are available from those available Substances and processes are insufficiently met.

The present invention is therefore based on the object of providing a cost-effective and flexible method for producing a front panel made of mineral glass or acrylic glass with raised and haptic perceptible markings for use in combination with a touch-sensitive control panel, with which a high resistance to mechanical and chemical influences and excellent optical properties can be achieved. A further object of the invention is to provide a corresponding front panel which can be manufactured as inexpensively as possible even with relatively small numbers of pieces with a high degree of design variability and nevertheless has improved robustness.

The object of the invention according to claim 1, solved according to the invention that the haptic marks by a printing process in several mutually at least partially overlapping layers of different synthetic resin paints on the later Usungsbzw. Front of the glass or acrylic disc are applied. It may be expedient if at least after the application of the first layer, a physical aftertreatment is performed, which causes an improvement in the adhesion of this first layer on the glass or plastic surface. By using at least two differently adjusted or composite synthetic resin lacquers, it is possible to select a synthetic resin lacquer as the lacquer for the first base layer, which has optimum properties with regard to the adhesion, which is extremely significant for durability in practice has on the glass or plastic surface. By a possible, physical post-treatment, which includes, for example, a thermal baking and / or UV irradiation, the adhesion of this base layer on the glass or plastic surface can be significantly increased again. By applying at least one further layer of a second synthetic resin lacquer, for example a synthetic resin lacquer with a comparatively better toughness and / or improved abrasion resistance and / or better chemical resistance, in addition to increasing the application thickness and thus improved haptic perceptibility, a created sublime structure, which under the high demands when used in industrial environment has sufficient durability properties and a nearly optimal resistance.

By the layer-by-layer combination of at least two synthetic resin paints having different properties, it is possible to achieve a structure with overall improved properties in comparison to the paints used in each case alone, using synthetic resin paints available on the market and processable by printing technology.

In the case of using acrylic glass for the windshield, it is advantageous that the haptically detectable markings can achieve a particularly high adhesive strength or shearing resistance. This high adhesive strength is ensured even within a relatively high range of use or ambient temperature, in particular between increased minus and plus degrees. In particular, climate tests with relatively far-reaching temperature fluctuations or temperature ranges can thereby be concluded positively.

Due to the advantageous measures according to claim 2, the adhesion of this base layer on the glass or plastic surface is again significantly increased. After this first layer of the first synthetic resin lacquer is relatively thin, an intensive and possibly comprehensive physical or energy-related treatment, for example with heat and / or UV radiation, can take place. The ultimate adhesive effect achieved can thus be maximized. In addition, in the physical aftertreatment of this first layer even before the application of the other layers and those methods or treatment levels, such as temperature ranges are used, which would not survive the non-destructive or not harmless the composite synthetic resin paints later applied layers. Due to the advantageous embodiment of claim 3, a marker with an overall larger order strength and thus improved haptic visibility is created. As a result, for example, structure heights of over 1 mm can be easily created. By means of the physical after-treatment after the application of each lacquer layer, the curing or crosslinking is triggered and / or accelerated, so that the plurality of layers can be printed in comparatively short intervals. In addition, a settling or deliquescence of the synthetic resin paint is held back, whereby undesirable deviations in form or subsidence can be avoided in the markings.

Due to the particularly advantageous embodiment according to claim 4, the shape of the applied markings or their profile cross-section can be adapted to the requirements, so that for example the mechanical strength can be optimized by suitable design of radii and bevels and haptic perception by structure widths and pitch radii. Beveling the flanks also aids in the sliding of foreign objects as they slide over the glass or plastic surface and abut a marker, thereby reducing the risk of shearing off such markings. Due to the advantageous embodiment according to claim 5 is at the transition between the Glasbzw. Plastic surface and the raised mark or formed at the base of the mark a transition radius. This reduces the mechanical notch effect when acting on shear forces and improves the resistance to shearing off the printed mark. Another positive effect of sufficiently large transition radii is the prevention of dirt edges or the easier removal of dirt compared to sharp edges or narrow radii. This is particularly useful in the field of industrial control systems as well as in the food industry and medical technology. Due to the advantageous embodiment according to claim 6, the applied markings are particularly good haptic perceptible. These narrow structured markings have similar properties as the widely used Braille or Braille. Furthermore, the markers thereby take up only little surface area on the glass or plastic paste. nel, so that the free glass, plastic or display surface remains available for the presentation of information.

Due to the advantageous embodiment according to claim 7, a particularly visually appealing execution for the windscreen or the control panel is achieved. Due to the basically transparent design of the markings a glass-like appearance is achieved, which harmonizes particularly well with the good optical properties of the front panel of mineral glass or acrylic glass. At the same time is prevented by a layer, in particular a base layer of matting paint that arranged below screen pixels unnaturally distorted by a lens or prism effect of the printed marker or enlarged or color distorted are visible or the pixel or net-like structuring of the underlying display recognizable becomes. These measures thus clear advantages in terms of visual perception or in terms of visual appearance achieved.

The embodiment according to claim 8, a particularly resistant printing or coating is created so that the overall properties are further improved by combining with a third synthetic resin. By using a particularly hard topcoat, for example, the scratch resistance can be improved. By a cover layer with weichelasischer structure in turn can change the sliding behavior and thus the haptic visibility can be improved. Likewise, a paint having improved chemical resistance can be used. It is particularly advantageous that the gradations are filled at the flanks through this cover layer over the entire previously applied and staircase superimposed layers and thus comparatively smoother flanks can be created. This will further an improved

Appearance and a reduced tendency for pollution achieved by the third resin lacquer forms a kind of transparent cover or filler.

Due to the advantageous embodiment according to claim 9 receive those glass or Acrylglasflä- surfaces, which are provided especially for the sliding over a finger, for example, input elements in the manner of a sliding or rotary control, a surface with improved sliding properties, so that sensitive and jerk-free adjustment and positioning operations are possible. In terms of manufacturing technology, it is particularly favorable when the Layer used for the markings first synthetic resin paint already has such surface properties and the sliding surfaces are printed by means of this base layer of the markers. By the method according to claim 10, a modern, efficient and particularly flexible printing method is used, in which the printed images are generated directly on the basis of digital data and no masks or templates are needed. This method is particularly well suited for the production of small or medium quantities as well as for a high, customer-specific variant variety.

By the method according to claim 11, a powerful and proven printing process is used, which is particularly suitable for the production in large quantities. Due to the configuration of the method according to claim 12, the curing or crosslinking of the applied synthetic resin paints is triggered, accelerated or amplified. As a result, rapid further processing is possible or improved mechanical and / or chemical properties and improved adhesion are achieved. The use of solvent-free and preferably UV-curing synthetic resin paints according to claim 13 offers several advantages. Solvent-free synthetic resin coatings have a significantly lower shrinkage in the course of crosslinking or curing, which significantly improves the adhesion to glass or acrylic glass surfaces. This is particularly advantageous in the case of thick layers and multi-layer applications, such as the markings according to the invention.

In the case of the solvent-free synthetic resin paints, the crosslinking reaction is triggered by a physical treatment, for example by supplying high-energy radiation and in particular by supplying UV light. The crosslinking itself then usually takes place within seconds, so that immediately after application of a printing layer and the irradiation with UV light, the applied paint is already solid and can be further processed, ie in particular directly after the next layer can be applied. Another advantage is that the applied paint reacts completely and no solvent evaporates, so that in the production of the paint layers no increased requirements regarding their extraction are made. This supports the most economical and environmentally friendly processing and production.

Within the group of solvent-free, UV-curing synthetic resin lacquers, the use of so-called cationic curing UV lacquers according to claim 14 is particularly advantageous since, in addition to a good adhesion to glass or acrylic glass, they exhibit less shrinkage than the currently widely used free-radically curing UV lacquers of only 3-5% compared to 5-15% for the radically curing paints. Furthermore, cationic curing lacquers are less sensitive to the influence of atmospheric oxygen when curing on the surface and thus allow better crosslinking and hardness at the surface. By adding adhesion-promoting additives according to claim 15, the liability of

Resin varnish of the basecoat compared to the mineral glass significantly improved.

Pretreatment of the glass surface of claim 16 also improves wetting and adhesion of the first print layer.

The object of the invention is also achieved by a windscreen according to claim 17. The thus achievable advantageous effects and technical effects can be found in the preceding and the following description parts. In particular, such a windscreen in addition to a high robustness and a concomitant suitability for industrial control applications on a cost-effective manufacturability. This is especially true when relatively small quantities are to be produced or the required variety of variants is relatively high. But the user or user benefits are also significantly increased. In particular, this can improve the user-friendliness or reduce the likelihood of incorrect operation after the operator receives haptic or tactile feedback in the course of operator actions from the windshield of the control panel, so that constant observation of the control panel or the control elements depicted thereon is not required , In particular, the operator can by the specified windscreen focus the concentration increasingly on the machine or system to be controlled.

The advantageous embodiment according to claim 18 enables the detection of touches on the glass or acrylic glass front through the glass or plastic disk through. The capacitive touchpad is thereby - in contrast to the possibilities with a resistive touchpad - completely behind glass or acrylic glass and thus perfectly protected against mechanical and in particular chemical influences. This allows the construction of particularly reliable control panels for use in industrial environments. Because of the possibility of good cleaning of the front surface, use in the food industry is particularly advantageous.

An advantage of using acrylic glass for the windshield is that, in particular, mobile operating panels or so-called handheld terminals can be set up relatively light in weight. In addition to the weight advantages of acrylic glass or PMMA in combination with mobile or portable handheld terminals, this can also have a positive effect on the ability to fall or on robustness. Furthermore, windscreens made of acrylic glass allow a comparatively simple and thus relatively inexpensive processing and handling. In addition, the flexibility in adapting to numerous, customer-specific requirements is high, so that even relatively small series or quantities of customer-specific, highly functional control panels or handheld terminals can be produced particularly economically.

The embodiment of a control panel according to claim 19 allows easy adjustment of the screen to compensate for small manufacturing variations in the positioning of the markers or the assembly of front panel and display and to achieve a precise alignment of the graphic elements of the screen with the printed hap tical markings , The advantageous embodiment according to claim 20 allows the operator in a simple way the identification or differentiation of certain input areas, without having to make a visual inspection or without having to look away from the machine. The coded markings are comparable to braille, for example (Braille font) designed. However, the markings can also be decisive or information-coded with regard to arrangement position, size and / or number.

For a better understanding of the invention, this will be explained in more detail with reference to the following figures.

In each case, in a highly simplified, schematic representation:

1 shows an exemplary technical device with technical measures for electronically controlled influencing plant parts or machines.

2 shows a machine, in particular an injection molding machine, in conjunction with a control panel;

3 shows an exemplary layout of a human-machine interface of a control panel;

4 shows a control panel with a glass or transparent front screen and a plurality of markers arranged on it and can be detected haptically;

5 shows a partial section of the front panel of Figure 4 in an enlarged scale.

Fig. 6 is a cross-section of a transparent front panel with a raised mark applied thereto;

Fig. 7 shows another embodiment of a haptic perceptible, structural

Marking on a transparent or transparent front panel.

By way of introduction, it should be noted that in the differently described embodiments, the same parts are provided with the same reference numerals or the same component names, wherein the disclosures contained in the entire description can be mutatis mutandis to the same parts with the same reference numerals or component names. Also, the location details selected in the description, such as th, laterally, etc. related to the immediately described and illustrated figure and these position information in a change in position mutatis mutandis to the new location to transfer. Furthermore, individual features or combinations of features from the different exemplary embodiments shown and described can also represent independent, inventive or inventive solutions.

In Fig. 1, an embodiment of an electrically controllable or electrotechnically controlled, technical device is illustrated. This technical device is formed, for example, by a technical system 1, which comprises at least one machine 2 or an industrial robot, in order to carry out a production process in this way, at least partially automated. The technical device may include any equipment 1, machines 2 and devices to perform technical processes, in particular manufacturing processes, chemical processes or the like, at least partially automated. Such devices can thus also be referred to as industrial automation systems or as at least partially automated production systems.

The corresponding technical system 1 or machine 2 comprises at least one signal- and data-processing control device 3, which may be composed of individual control units 3 '- 3 "' or distributed control devices 3 '- 3"' may include. The respective control architecture for the technical system 1 can have any known from the prior art topologies. In particular, centralized and decentralized control architectures and any hybrid forms are possible. It is thus also possible, for example, to integrate mobile or portable control units 3 "', in particular so-called handheld terminals 4, into the control device 3. Likewise, any desired signal and data networking between the respective control units 3' - 3" 'can be used. be provided.

Furthermore, at least one operating panel 5 can be formed which is operatively connected to the control device 3 or is structurally combined with at least one control unit 3 '- 3 "' of the control device 3. The control panel 5 can be positioned separately from the technical system 1 and be formed, for example, on a control cabinet 6, on a control panel or on a remote control console. Asked embodiment, the control panel 5 is installed in the side or front wall of the cabinet 6. This means that the control panel 5 can be designed to be mobile, or else it is stationarily positioned and is usually not intended for repositioning relative to the technical installation 1.

At least one input element 7 is formed on the control panel 5 or in the immediate vicinity of the control panel 5, which is used for dispensing control commands to the technical system 1 and / or for entering data into the control device 3 and / or retrieving or changing information or Data is provided starting from an operator 8. In particular, an input and output of data in relation to the control device 3 or a change in the operation of the technical system 1 based on the various input elements 7 allows. These input elements 7 can be formed by discrete switches or keys or by a keyboard, for example by a membrane keyboard.

According to an expedient embodiment, the control device 3 may comprise at least one analog-controlling or one quasi-analog input means 9, 9 '. Such analog control input means 9, 9 'allow in contrast to digitally controlling keys or switches a proportional control of at least one drive the electronically controlled system 1 or machine 2. These quasi analog or proportional control or

Conductability of at least one drive of the electronically controlled system 1 or machine 2 is usually implemented by means of at least one joystick, jog wheel, trackball or the like. Such analogously controlling and discretely constructed input means 9, 9 'can be implemented in the control device 3 in order to enable the most intuitive or sensitive positioning or control of drives or of different machine axes.

It is provided that this quasi-analog or analog controlling input means 9, 9 ', which is to be operated by an operator 8 manually or to operate as at least one dimensionally resolving touch-sensitive position detection sensor 10 form.

This touch-sensitive position detection sensor 10 may be embodied in the manner of a touchpad 11 or as a subsection of a touch screen 12, 12 '. This at least one touch-sensitive position detection sensor 10 is used for continuous detection. sung or registration of an actuating movement or at least a single operating position within an electronically evaluable actuating surface 13 of the touch-sensitive position detection sensor 10 is provided. The position detection sensor 10 can be manufactured specifically for the application and determine the actuating movement at least one dimensionally, ie in a specific direction or along a predetermined path. However, universal and generally two-dimensionally resolving position detection sensors 10 are preferably used, whereby only a subarea of the entire sensory operating range is provided as the actual input range or range of motion and this input range is determined, monitored and evaluated by software engineering means.

With the at least one touch-sensitive position detection sensor 10, which may be embodied in the manner of a touchpad 11 and / or as a subsection of a touch screen 12, 12 ', a temporally continuous sequence of default values or position values is continuously determined and converted into a corresponding one time sequence of setpoints for a drive controller 14 - Fig. 1 - converted. 1, the drive controller 14 is formed by the control unit 3 ", which is a subcomponent of the control device 3 and, for example, can be integrated in the corresponding machine 2, in particular in the industrial robot the respective set values a corresponding movement or positioning of the corresponding drive axle or the corresponding drive system to.

As previously explained, the touch-sensitive position detection sensor 10 may be formed by at least one structurally independent touchpad 11 or by defined sections of a touch screen 12, 12 '. Such a touch screen 12, 12 'may represent a subcomponent of the control panel 5, or may also be embodied on the mobile handheld terminal 4. Such a touch screen 12, 12 'combines a graphics-capable display 15 with a touch-sensitive touch panel, which is at least partially superimposed on the graphics-capable display 15. The touch screen 12, 12 'formed from at least one graphics-capable display 15 and from at least one touch panel superimposed on this display 15 serves to influence the mode of operation of the control device 3 or the technical system 1. The graphics-capable display 15 is for Presentation of at least partial quantities of total available or necessary information for the operator 8 of the technical device provided.

The graphics-capable display 15 is used in particular for outputting status information on the operating or process state of the controllable, technical system 1. In addition to a graphics-capable display 15 with superimposed touch panel can in a conventional manner and other visually detectable output means, such as Signal lights, pointer instruments or the like may be formed. Fig. 1 illustrates the use of a touch-sensitive position detection sensor 10 for manually controlled influencing movements or sequences of an electronically controlled plant 1 or machine 2 in the form of an industrial manufacturing plant comprising an industrial robot.

It is also expedient to use at least one touch-sensitive position detection sensor 10 for the manually controlled influencing of movements, in particular of adjusting movements of an injection molding machine 16 for processing plastics, as was illustrated schematically in FIG. Such an injection molding machine 16 for carrying out a plastic injection molding process has, inter alia, a machine bed 17, a closing unit 18 for opening and closing a clamped, multi-part mold tool 19 and a plasticizing unit 20, with which the raw material is taken from a storage container 21, is transferred to the flowable state and pressed through a nozzle in the closed mold tool 19. The various drives of this injection molding machine 16, in particular the drive for the closing unit 18 and / or the drive for the plasticizing unit 20, in particular for its worm shaft, which is rotatably mounted in the plasticizing unit 20 and also in the longitudinal direction in the manner of a piston, are suitable good for a manually controlled influence by means of a touch-sensitive position detection sensor 10, which is to be operated by an operator accordingly.

Furthermore, such an injection molding machine 16 comprises a control device 3, which is mostly constructed directly on the machine or else can be arranged offset relative to the machine body. The control device 3 comprises at least one touch-sensitive position detection sensor 10 for the manually controlled influencing of movements of at least one drive of the injection molding machine 16 the at least one position detection sensor 10 generates temporal sequences of desired values, in particular of position values, speed values or acceleration values for a drive control 14 of at least one drive of the electronically controlled injection molding machine 16. Such a drive control 14 may be formed by a converter circuit for an electric drive motor. In a manner known per se, this control device 3 can comprise at least one display 15 or a touch screen 12, the components mentioned representing at least part of the so-called human-machine interface (HMI). Of course, at least one discrete input element 7, for example an electromechanical switch or pushbutton, may also be implemented in the control device 3.

Preferably, the touch-sensitive position detection sensor 10 is formed by an at least one-dimensional resolution, optionally by a two-dimensional resolution, capacitive touchpad 11. A capacitive touchpad 11 is preferred over a working on the resistive principle principle touchpad. In particular, touchpads 11, which operate according to the capacitive action or detection principle, allow a multi-touch evaluation. This multi-touch capability of a capacitive touchpad 11 is particularly useful in connection with two-dimensional resolution, capacitive touchpad 11, as this example, two machine axes can be operated simultaneously via only one touchpad 11 or simultaneously driven or moved. It is also advantageous that capacitive touchpads 11 with one- or two-dimensional resolution or position detection are available in series as standardized components and have a favorable price-performance ratio. In addition, the achievable evaluation accuracy and reliability of such touchpad 11 for Steuerungsan- turns, especially for machine controls, now satisfactory.

Alternatively or in combination with a touchpad 11, it is also possible to provide at least one touch screen 12, 12 'as a touch-sensitive position detection sensor 10. Such a touch screen 12, 12 'typically allows a two-dimensional resolution of its actuating surface 13 with respect to a plurality of different touch or. Actuating positions or actuating movements. The touch screen 12, 12 'preferably also works according to the capacitive function or detection principle, so that there is a multi-touch capability or a simultaneous detection of several, simultaneous contact points is possible. The multi-touch capability of the touch screen 12, 12 'thus enables the simultaneous control or movement initiation for multiple drives or drive axes of the corresponding system 1 or machine 2. This touch screen 12, 12' is known per se Way superimposed on a preferably high-resolution, graphics-capable display 15. The display 15 and the overlaid touch screen 12, 12 'thus represent a combined input and output means for data, status information or control commands. An advantage of this embodiment is that the graphics-capable display 15 or the touch screen 12, 12 'as standard available components and can form a reliable position detection sensor 10 with respect to operations of an operator 8 against a machine 2 or Appendix 1. In addition, it is possible to carry out variously pronounced, virtual or graphically implemented input means 9, 9 '. A software-based implementation achieves a high level of flexibility with regard to any changes or adaptations of the user interface. In particular, a software-controlled adaptation of size and visual appearance of the input area is made possible in a simple manner. A combination in conjunction with varying status information or other information relevant to the operation is made possible by the display 15 in a simple manner.

FIG. 3 illustrates by way of example an exemplary embodiment of an HMI layout of a control device 3, in particular an exemplary machine control layout 22 of a control panel 5. In this case, this layout comprises a plurality of status fields, input areas 29 and output fields which, depending on the expediency, display various data or enable a change of settings. The corresponding graphical layout is accomplished by software adaptation of the control device 3 and visualized via the display 15. The machine control layout 22 can be three Visualisierungsbzw. Layout sections 23-25 include. In a first layout section 23 input and output masks are provided, which allow a display and / or change of values to various parameters of the machine control. In a second layout section 24, status displays are provided which provide or display status information about various machine parameters or process parameters. In a third layout section 25 is a

Operation or influence of machine axes or machine movements provided. In particular, in this third layout section 25 a plurality of input means 9 or input surfaces 29 are concentrated, which have a digital (0/1) or a quasi-analogue or pro- Provide proportional control of drives or allow a proportional motion control of machine axes and this are designed as touch-sensitive position detection sensors 10. 4, an exemplary embodiment of a stationary to be installed or mobile to be used control panel 5 is illustrated. The control panel 5 represents a functional component for a control device 3 of a machine 2 or a technical system 1, as shown schematically in FIGS. 1, 2. This control panel 5 comprises, in addition to electronic or electrical control or evaluation components, at least one display 15 for visualization tasks, a capacitive touchpad 11 for the fulfillment of input functions via touch, and a front panel 26 of mineral, at least partially overlapping the display 15 and the touchpad 11 Glass or alternatively made of acrylic glass. In connection with the capacitive touchpad 11, a touch-sensitive control panel 5 is provided, the operator 8 - Fig. 1 - facing front side at least partially comprises a front glass 26 made of mineral glass or acrylic glass. The windscreen 26 is the graphic output means, in particular the display 15, structurally superimposed or arranged upstream. Starting from one of the operator closest front side of the control panel 5, the windshield 26 formed of mineral glass or acrylic glass is therefore immediately accessible. Behind the windscreen 26 is at least partially a touch-sensitive zone, in particular at least partially a capacitive touchpad 11 is formed. Behind this capacitive touchpad 11, the graphics-capable output means, in particular a display 15 is arranged, which extends at least over subsections of the surface of the transparent or transparent front screen 26. It is understood that both the front panel 26 and the underlying touchpad 11 are transparent or at least translucent in those surface sections in which insight to the graphics-capable display 15 is to be present. The glass or transparent front panel 26 is formed by a planar or optionally slightly curved glass or plastic plate whose lateral boundary edges are preferably recessed or aligned flush with the surface of a housing of the control panel 5. In particular, the side edges of the glass or plastic cloth plate or the windscreen 26 bordered or covered, in order to reduce the risk of breakage and almost exclude a risk of injury associated therewith. A glass front panel 26, in particular its glass plate, can be formed by simple flat glass with sufficient safety properties. In particular, the use of float glass, tempered safety glass (ESG) or laminated safety glass (LSG) is possible. In the case of the use of acrylic glass for the windscreen 26 can be used adequately, completely transparent or slightly tinted plastic plates. The corresponding acrylic plastic plates are preferably formed from a plastic under the name polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA). Such plastic plates are colloquially referred to as O-glass or Plexiglas®.

On the operator side 8 facing front side or contact side of the front panel 26, which is formed of a glass or plastic plate are haptic perceptible, with respect to the glass or plastic surface 27 raised or protruding marks 28 made of plastic, in particular transparent or translucent as possible Synthetic resin formed. These markings 28 which protrude from the glass or plastic surface 27 are designed to mark and / or delimit at least one partial area provided as a touch-sensitive input surface 29 and are applied to the front face of the front pane 26 which is accessible or intended for contact. In particular, these spatially shaped or structural markings 28 mark

Input surfaces 29 and input sections in which the graphic display 15 is provided for displaying input fields or switching elements and in which input surfaces 29, the capacitive touchpad 11 superimposed on the display 15 for detecting touches or detecting actuation movements on the part of the operator 8 is provided opposite the windscreen 26. The markings 28 thus delimit or clarify input surfaces 29 on the control panel 5, by means of which an operator 28 can influence control-technical sequences of the machine or the control device 3 by performing a manual actuation, in particular a manual tapping or sweeping of the respective input surface 29 becomes.

The glass or transparent windscreen 26 is backlit by the display 15 so to speak. The formed between the display 15 and glass or transparent front panel 26, working on the capacitive detection principle touchpad 11 is the same translucent and intended to capture input information. By contrast, the graphics-capable display 15 is provided for the visualization of information, graphics, symbols, text elements and the like to be output. With regard to the structural superimposition of the transparent or transparent windshield 26 with respect to the display 15 or with respect to the touchpad 11, it may be expedient if software-technical means and adjustment possibilities are provided in the control system or in the operating system of the control panel 5 where the graphical layout of the display 15 is displaceable by a certain number of pixels in the vertical and / or horizontal direction. Any assembly or construction part tolerances can be compensated or eliminated in a simple manner, so that the input fields 29 as exactly as possible with the respective input fields graphically represented 29 of the display 15 match. In particular, this makes it possible to achieve the most exact possible association between the graphical representations and the input surfaces 29 defined by the markings 28, without requiring complex mechanical adjustments.

As is illustrated by way of example, in particular in FIG. 4, a plurality of touch input areas or corresponding touch-sensitive input areas 29 are provided on the transparent or transparent front panel 26, which are demarcated or marked by haptically detectable markings 28 formed by printing technology.

According to an optional, advantageous embodiment, these three-dimensionally formed markings 28 can comprise or form haptically distinguishable codings 30, as was shown by way of example in FIG. These codings 30 can be formed by tactile or perceptible shapes, in particular by grooves, wart-like projections, points or the like. Likewise, punctiform or groove-shaped depressions and also other three-dimensional coding forms in or on the raised markings 28 are conceivable, as was illustrated in the strip-shaped structures according to FIG. 5. These haptic perceptible codings 30 can provide information about the function or effect of the respective input surface 29. For example, information about the sequence of the input surfaces 29, about traversing directions (arrows), about incrementing sections (+) and / or about decrementing Sections (-) for the operator 8 palpable or haptic perceptible. In particular, groups can be provided by differently arranged, point or wart-shaped markings 28, with which information about the respective input surface 29 can be perceived haptically by the operator 8, as was exemplified in Fig. 5.

In Fig. 5 is further clear that the raised, haptic perceptible markings 28 protrude from the surface of the transparent or transparent front panel 26. The markings 28 are formed linear or punctiform and at least partially surround different input surfaces 29 for different input functions.

It is expedient to produce these haptic perceptible, raised markings 28 by layer-by-layer printing. In particular, a method for producing relief imprints on glass or acrylic glass is used. It is expedient here to produce the markings 28 on the transparent or transparent front pane 26 by a digital inkjet printing method or by a screen printing method.

Advantageous method measures for producing the windshield 26 with the haptic perceptible markings 28 are explained in conjunction with the schematic illustrations in FIGS. 6, 7.

In particular, in the course of the production of such a windshield 26, a first layer 31 of a first synthetic resin paint 32 is applied to the mineral glass or to the acrylic glass, in particular printed on the later front or operating side of the windshield 26. This application is effected, for example, by a digital printing method, in particular by an inkjet printing method, or alternatively by a screen printing method. This first layer 31 of a first synthetic resin coating 32 offers optimized adhesion to glass or acrylic glass. That is, this first layer 31 has excellent adhesion to glass. Plastic surfaces ensured. In particular, the first synthetic resin varnish 32 is chemically adjusted such that it adheres optimally to the glass or plastic surface 27 of the front pane 26.

The first layer 31 of the first synthetic resin coating 32 in this case provides an optimal adhesion-promoting layer between the transparent or transparent front pane 26 and at least one In particular, after the application of the first layer 33 of the first synthetic resin varnish 32, which first layer 31 is quasi a base layer, at least one further layer 33 of a second synthetic resin varnish 34 is applied this at least one second layer 33 is applied by at least partial overprinting of the first layer 31. The at least one further layer 33 of the second synthetic resin varnish 34 serves primarily to achieve relief-like elevations or structures which form the respectively desired, haptically detectable markings 28. The second synthetic resin varnish 34 has optimized toughness, hardness and chemical resistance compared to the first synthetic resin varnish 32, which forms the base layer 31. Thus, it is better suited for creating the actual body shape of the desired mark 28 to be printed.

It may be expedient to influence the first layer 31, which is applied directly to the glass or plastic surface 27, before the application of the at least one further layer 33 of the second synthetic resin varnish 34 with a physical after-treatment process, such that the hardness and / or or adhesion of the first layer 31 on the glass or plastic surface 27 is improved. This aftertreatment process may include the action of high-energy radiation, in particular heat radiation and / or UV radiation. The corresponding physical aftertreatment process thereby improves the hardness and / or adhesion of this first layer 31 to the glass or plastic surface 27.

It is likewise possible if, after the application of one or more layers 33 of the second synthetic resin varnish 34, these layers 33 are likewise subjected to a physical after-treatment process, for example heating and / or irradiation with UV light.

According to an expedient implementation measure, it is provided that a plurality of layers 33 of the second synthetic resin varnish 34 are printed increasingly narrower in relation to the layer width or in relation to the width of the application, so that the resulting raised structures or markings 28 increase with increasing Height 35 have a decreasing width 36. In particular, it is expedient if the lower layers 33 of a plurality of superimposed layers 33 of the second synthetic resin varnish 34 are applied increasingly narrower, so that through these the base portion of the raised structure or marking 28 forming layers 33 a rounded, in particular concavely curved transition to the glass - Surface 27 is formed. As a result, a concave transition section 37 can be created in a simple manner, which significantly reduces the risk of undesired detachment of the three-dimensional or physical marking 28 or improves its adhesive strength with respect to the windshield 26. The haptic markings 28 achieved by so-called relief printing may be linear or punctiform and may have a width 36 averaged over the height 35 of less than 6 mm, in particular less than 3 mm, and a height 35 of more than 0.3 mm , in particular more than 0.7 mm. By the given, staggered Aufschichtungsverfahren heights 35 of a few millimeters, in particular of up to 3 mm can be achieved without serious problems in terms of undesirable shearing or detachment occur.

At least one of the printed layers 31, 33 can consist of a synthetic resin varnish 32, 34 with matting pigments or a matting surface, while the other layers 31, 33 preferably consist of essentially transparent synthetic resin varnish 32, 34.

It may be expedient to coat the printed layers 33 of the haptically perceivable, raised markings 28 finally with a further layer 38 of a third synthetic resin coating 39 with finally higher surface hardness and / or higher chemical resistance and / or with low viscosity in the processing state , in particular overprinting.

Furthermore, at least individual surface sections 40 between the haptically perceivable, raised markings 28, which surface sections 40 are provided as input surface 29 or as actuating surface 13 of input elements 7 - FIGS. 1, 2 - for sweeping by one or more fingers of an operator, in particular surface portions 40 of input elements 7 in the manner of a sliding or rotary control, with a lacquer layer 41 are overprinted, which produces a roughened and / or frosted surface and / or a surface with improved compared to the glass surface 27 sliding properties.

It is expedient here to apply one or more of the layers 31, 33 to be applied and / or the lacquer layer 41 which covers the shaping or structure-imparting layers 31, 33 of different synthetic resins by means of a digital inkjet printing process, in particular with a plate direct printing process , Alternatively or in combination, it is also conceivable that one or more of the layers 31, 33, 41 to be applied are applied by means of a digitally controlled screen printing process.

It is furthermore expedient if the physical after-treatment process with respect to one or more layers 31, 33 or with respect to the cover or lacquer layer 41 comprises high-energy irradiation, in particular irradiation with UV light, or heating to an elevated temperature.

It proves to be advantageous if the first, second and / or optionally third synthetic resin coating 32, 34, 4 lein solvent-free, preferably UV-curing resin paint is used. In addition, technical advantages are achieved when the first or second synthetic resin varnish 32, 34 used is a cationically curing UV varnish.

In order to achieve a good surface crosslinking and thus a good surface strength, in particular of the cover layer, it may also be expedient to carry out the application and / or the curing in an oxygen-free or oxygen-poor protective atmosphere. Advantageous chemical interactions or adhesion values relative to the glass surface 27 are also achieved when a silane and / or an orthosilicic acid ester is added to the first synthetic resin coating 32 as an adhesion-promoting additive. Alternatively or in combination, it is expedient if the glass surface 27 before the application of the first layer 31 is subjected to a high-temperature treatment, in particular a flame treatment with a gas flame, if appropriate with addition of an organosilane. In the following some practicable aspects of the implementation are explained in detail. When using a glass plate for the windscreen 26 simple float glass or flat glass or ESG (toughened safety glass) can be used. In the alternative use of a plastic or acrylic plate for the windscreen 26 are available standard, transparent as possible plate elements appropriate. The glass or plastic thickness should not be more than 3mm. In particular, the glass or plastic thickness should be selected as low as possible, in particular less than 3 mm, in order to reduce parallax errors by the distance of the windscreen 26 to the actual display 15.

It is useful if the respective glass or plastic plate has a certain dimensional stability or inherent rigidity and thus allows optimal printing or easy handling. This dimensional stability or inherent rigidity can be chosen such that the shape of the respective plate remains unchanged without external force. That is, the respective glass or acrylic plate is dimensioned according to an expedient embodiment is so thick that it is largely inherently stiff.

The application of the first layer 31 or the base layer to the glass or plastic surface 27 is expediently carried out using an inkjet printing system. In advance of a printing of glass, the so-called "air side" or "fire side" of the glass can be determined, which is particularly useful when using some synthetic resin paints 32. Furthermore, it is appropriate to clean the glass surface before printing, which can be done for example with acetone. Thereafter, the first synthetic resin paint 32 is applied, which may be a UV printing ink for a satinato effect on glass or acrylic, which produces a correspondingly rough surface structure. A separate order of a primer is not provided.

The curing of the first synthetic resin varnish 32 can be accelerated or improved by irradiation with UV light, wherein this irradiation can take place directly in the course of the printing process. Additionally or alternatively, it is possible to after-treat the print by heating to about 200 ° C for about 10 minutes, whereby the adhesion to glass can be significantly improved. Subsequently, the raised relief printing is applied in layers 33 to form the haptic-detectable, three-dimensional marking 28, which preferably also takes place using an inkjet printing system. In this case, the relief structure is preferably applied in a plurality of layers 33 stacked in the manner of a pyramid. After each coated layer 33 or in the course of the application of the layers 33 can be carried out curing with UV radiation.

Finally, an overlapping of the entire structure or of the quasi stacked layers 33 with a protective lacquer, in particular with the lacquer layer 41, which can contribute to the improvement of the hardness, the surface smoothness, the scratch resistance and / or the chemical resistance.

The exemplary embodiments show possible design variants of the control panel 5, the windscreen 26 and the manufacturing process for the windshield 26, it being noted at this point that the invention is not limited to the specifically illustrated embodiments of the same, but rather also various combinations of the individual embodiments are possible with each other and this possibility of variation due to the teaching of technical action by objective invention in the skill of working in this technical field expert. So are all conceivable embodiments, which are possible by combinations of individual details of the illustrated and described embodiments, of the scope of protection.

For the sake of order, it should finally be pointed out that for a better understanding of the construction of the control panel 5 or the windshield 26, this or its components have been shown partially unevenly and / or enlarged and / or reduced in size.

The task underlying the independent inventive solutions can be taken from the description. Above all, the individual embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 to 7 can form the subject of independent solutions according to the invention. The relevant objects and solutions according to the invention can be found in the detailed descriptions of these figures. Reference Number Table 31 layer

Machine 32 synthetic resin paint control device 33 layer

Handheld terminal 34 Synthetic resin paint control panel 35 Height of control cabinet 36 Width

Input element 37 transition section operator 38 layer

Input means 39 Synthetic resin coating Position detection sensor 40 Surface section Touchpad 41 Paint layer Touchscreen

actuating surface

Drive control

Display injection molding machine

machine bed

closing unit

mold

Plasticizing storage tank

Machine control layout

first layout section

second layout section

third layout section windshield

Glass or plastic surface

mark

input surface

encoding

Claims

Patent claims

1. A method for producing a windshield (26) for a control-technology, touch-sensitive control panel (5), which windshield (26) comprises mineral glass or acrylic glass and is provided for structural overlaying against a graphic output means, wherein on the windscreen (26) Haptic perceptible, raised markings (28) for marking and / or delimiting of at least one part of the front screen (26) provided as a touch-sensitive input surface (29) are formed, characterized in that the haptically perceptible, raised markings (28) are produced by imprinting , wherein initially a first layer (31) of a first synthetic resin varnish (32), in particular with optimized adhesion to mineral glass or acrylic glass, is applied to the mineral glass or acrylic glass and subsequently at least one further layer (33) of a second synthetic resin varnish ( 34), in particular with optimized toughness, Hardness and / or chemical resistance, by at least partially overprinting the first layer (31) is applied.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the first layer (31), which is applied directly to the glass or plastic surface (27), prior to applying the at least one further layer (33) of the second synthetic resin varnish (34). is aftertreated by a physical aftertreatment process so that the

Hardness and / or adhesion of the first layer (31) on the glass or plastic surface (27) is improved.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that after the application of one or more layers (33) of the second synthetic resin varnish (34), they are subjected to a physical aftertreatment process.

4. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that several layers (33) of the second synthetic resin varnish (34) are applied increasingly narrower, so that the resulting raised structures with increasing height (35) has a decreasing width (36). exhibit.

5. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lower layers (33) of a plurality of superimposed layers (33) of the second synthetic resin varnish (34) are applied increasingly narrower, so that through these the base forming layers (33) of a rounded, in particular concavely curved transition section (37) to the glass or plastic surface (27) is formed raised structure.

6. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the haptic markings (28) are designed linear or punctiform and over the height (35) averaged width (36) of less than 6 mm, in particular less than 3 mm, and have a height of more than 0.3 mm, in particular more than 0.7 mm.

7. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one of the printed layers (31, 33) consists of a synthetic resin varnish (32, 34) with matting pigments or a matting surface, while the other layers (31, 33) of consist essentially transparent synthetic resin paint (32, 34).

8. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the layers (33) of the haptic perceptible, raised markings (28) concluding Bend with another layer (38) of a third synthetic resin coating (39) with ultimately higher surface hardness and / or higher chemical resistance and / or coated in the processing state low viscosity, in particular overprinted.

9. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least surface portions (40) between the haptic perceptible, raised

Markings (28), which surface portions (40) are provided as input surface (29) of input elements for sweeping by one or more fingers of an operator, in particular surface portions of input elements in the manner of a sliding or rotary control, are overprinted with a lacquer layer (41) which produces a roughened and / or matted surface and / or a surface with improved sliding properties compared to the glass or plastic surface (27).

10. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that one or more of the layers to be applied (31, 33, 38) by means of a digital inkjet printing process, in particular with a plate direct printing process, are applied.

11. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that one or more of the layers to be applied (31, 33, 38) are applied by means of a digitally controlled screen printing process.

12. The method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the physical aftertreatment process with respect to one or more layers (31, 33, 38) comprises high-energy irradiation, in particular irradiation with UV light, or heating to an elevated temperature.

13. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a solvent-free, preferably UV-curing synthetic resin lacquer is used as the first, second and / or optionally third synthetic resin lacquer (32, 34, 39).

14. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that the first or second synthetic resin varnish (32, 34) used is a cationically curing UV varnish.

15. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first synthetic resin varnish (32) is added as an adhesion-promoting additive, a silane and / or an orthosilicic acid ester.

16. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the glass surface (27) before applying the first layer (31) of a high-temperature treatment, in particular a flame treatment with a gas flame, optionally with the addition of an organosilane is subjected.

17. Windscreen (26) for a control-technology, touch-sensitive control panel (5), which windshield (26) comprises mineral glass or acrylic glass and is provided for structural overlay with respect to a graphical output means, wherein on the Windscreen (26) haptic perceptible, raised markings (28) for marking and / or delimitation of at least one provided as a touch-sensitive input surface (29) portion of the windscreen (26) are applied, characterized in that the windscreen (26) according to a method according to one or more of the preceding claims.

18. operating panel (5) for a control device (3) of a machine (2) or a technical system (1), comprising a display (15), a capacitive touchpad (11) and a display (15) and the touchpad (11 ) at least partially overlapping windscreen according to claim 17.

19. Control panel according to claim 18, characterized in that software technical means and setting options are provided with which the graphical layout of the display (15) is displaceable by a certain number of pixels in the vertical and / or horizontal direction.

20. Operating panel according to claim 18 or 19, characterized in that on the windshield (26) a plurality of touch input surfaces (29) are delimited or marked by raised markings (28) and that the markings (28) haptisch distinguishable codings (30 ), in particular by groups of differently arranged punctiform markings, comprise or form.