WO2012006441A1 - Compartment syndrome monitoring systems and methods - Google Patents
Compartment syndrome monitoring systems and methods Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012006441A1 WO2012006441A1 PCT/US2011/043219 US2011043219W WO2012006441A1 WO 2012006441 A1 WO2012006441 A1 WO 2012006441A1 US 2011043219 W US2011043219 W US 2011043219W WO 2012006441 A1 WO2012006441 A1 WO 2012006441A1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/03—Detecting, measuring or recording fluid pressure within the body other than blood pressure, e.g. cerebral pressure; Measuring pressure in body tissues or organs
- A61B5/036—Detecting, measuring or recording fluid pressure within the body other than blood pressure, e.g. cerebral pressure; Measuring pressure in body tissues or organs by means introduced into body tracts
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/03—Detecting, measuring or recording fluid pressure within the body other than blood pressure, e.g. cerebral pressure; Measuring pressure in body tissues or organs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/0002—Remote monitoring of patients using telemetry, e.g. transmission of vital signals via a communication network
- A61B5/0031—Implanted circuitry
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/07—Endoradiosondes
- A61B5/076—Permanent implantations
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/45—For evaluating or diagnosing the musculoskeletal system or teeth
- A61B5/4519—Muscles
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/68—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient
- A61B5/6801—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be attached to or worn on the body surface
- A61B5/6813—Specially adapted to be attached to a specific body part
- A61B5/6828—Leg
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/68—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient
- A61B5/6801—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be attached to or worn on the body surface
- A61B5/683—Means for maintaining contact with the body
- A61B5/6832—Means for maintaining contact with the body using adhesives
- A61B5/6833—Adhesive patches
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/68—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient
- A61B5/6846—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be brought in contact with an internal body part, i.e. invasive
- A61B5/6847—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be brought in contact with an internal body part, i.e. invasive mounted on an invasive device
- A61B5/6852—Catheters
- A61B5/6853—Catheters with a balloon
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/72—Signal processing specially adapted for physiological signals or for diagnostic purposes
- A61B5/7271—Specific aspects of physiological measurement analysis
- A61B5/7275—Determining trends in physiological measurement data; Predicting development of a medical condition based on physiological measurements, e.g. determining a risk factor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/72—Signal processing specially adapted for physiological signals or for diagnostic purposes
- A61B5/7271—Specific aspects of physiological measurement analysis
- A61B5/7282—Event detection, e.g. detecting unique waveforms indicative of a medical condition
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/74—Details of notification to user or communication with user or patient ; user input means
- A61B5/746—Alarms related to a physiological condition, e.g. details of setting alarm thresholds or avoiding false alarms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B2562/00—Details of sensors; Constructional details of sensor housings or probes; Accessories for sensors
- A61B2562/02—Details of sensors specially adapted for in-vivo measurements
- A61B2562/0247—Pressure sensors
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B2562/00—Details of sensors; Constructional details of sensor housings or probes; Accessories for sensors
- A61B2562/16—Details of sensor housings or probes; Details of structural supports for sensors
- A61B2562/168—Fluid filled sensor housings
Definitions
- the present invention is related to systems and methods for diagnosing compartment syndrome. More specifically, the present invention is related to a partially implantable wireless compartment syndrome monitor.
- Compartment syndrome is a medical condition where the pressure inside a compartment (i.e., muscle group surrounded by inelastic fascia) rises higher than the pressure in the capillaries of the tissue. Compartment syndrome leads to limited or lost circulation to the region. Compartment syndrome usually occurs after a trauma or injury to the tissues contained within the compartment. Because the fascia does not expand, bleeding or swelling that results from the trauma or injury causes increased pressure within the compartment. Venous pathways in the compartment are then restricted from draining blood and fluid from the injured area, and the pressure within the compartment continues to rise. Continued pressure increases further restrict circulation and eventually lead to the death of the affected tissue (i.e., necrosis). Necrosis will often lead to the loss of limb, and possibly loss of life in severe cases. The most common site for compartment syndrome occurs in the lower leg; specifically, in regions adjacent to the tibia and fibula.
- Compartment syndrome can also result from a cast that is too tight, constrictive dressings, pneumatic anti-shock garments, and closure of fascial defects.
- the clinical conditions that may be associated with compartment syndrome include the management of fractures, soft tissue injuries, arterial injuries, drug overdoses, limb compression situations, burns, post-ischemic swelling, constrictive dressings, aggressive fluid resuscitation, and tight casts.
- FIG. 1 illustrates a human leg 100 with fractured bones of the tibia 105 and fibula
- the tibia 105 and fibula 110 usually bleed in regions proximate to the physical break regions 120. This bleeding can form a large pool of stagnant blood (i.e., a hematoma).
- the hematoma can start pressing upon muscles 1 15, which may be proximate to the break 120.
- the pressure caused by the hematoma can restrict or stop blood flow into the muscles 115 of a compartment, which leads to compartment syndrome.
- Normal compartment pressures are under 20mm Hg. Concern is raised when pressures rise above 20 to 30mm Hg, and critical intervention is often required above 30mm Hg.
- compartment syndrome before the situation becomes critical is difficult, and a missed diagnosis or false positive diagnosis can have significant consequences for the patient.
- Treatment of compartment syndrome typically requires a fasciotomy, which is invasive, painful, complicated, and increases risk of infection and morbidity. Therefore, it is desirable to monitor the pressure in the compartment to properly and continuously assess when surgical intervention becomes absolutely necessary.
- FIG. 15 is a flowchart showing a method for linking identifiers to create transparent and secure wireless monitoring of compartment syndrome in a patient, according to embodiments of the present invention.
- FIG. 17 is a schematic view of an opto-electronic compartment monitor in accordance with an alternative embodiment presented herein.
- compartment syndrome monitoring and diagnostic systems, sensors, and methods refers to the accompanying drawings thai illustrate exemplary embodiments. Unless otherwise noted, all embodiments and examples should be considered prophetic examples. Other embodiments are possible. Modifications can be made to the embodiments described herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the following detailed description is not meant to be limiting. Further, it would be apparent to one of skill in the art that the systems and methods described below can be implemented in many different embodiments of hardware, software, and/or firmware. Any actual hardware, software, and/or firmware described are not meant to be limiting.
- a compartment monitor that can be implanted and left in situ to continuously (or semi-continuously) measure compartment pressures. These monitors can be used to measure compartment pressure for extended time periods, for example, over 24-48 hours.
- the monitors are also configured to transmit measured pressure data to a networkable device (e.g., a laptop computer, PDA, or cell phone) over a communication link such as a wireless link.
- the networkable device can then communicate the patient's status and condition to a healthcare provider (e.g., nurses, doctors, and other hospital personnel) through a local area network (LAN) or wide area network (WAN). This communication allows the healthcare provider to remotely monitor a patient.
- LAN local area network
- WAN wide area network
- the networkable device, or associated computing system can record and display trends in the pressure data over time, and log the data to the patient's electronic health records.
- the networkable device, or associated computing system can also compare the pressure data to the patient's diastolic blood pressure, and calculate clinically important gradients in real time.
- the monitors presented herein can also be useful for monitoring intracranial pressure after closed head injury, brain infection, etc. or the pressure within any lumen or enclosed area of the body.
- FIG. 2 illustrates a cross-sectional view of a human leg 100, illustrating the four major compartments 200 A, 200B, 200C, and 200D, and schematically depicting four compartment monitors 2K)A, 210B, 2 IOC, and 210D.
- compartment monitors 210A-D include a flexible, fluid-filled bulb 215A-D implanted into each compartment 200A-D.
- the bulb 215, and attached tube 220 can be inserted into the muscle compartment such that the bulb 215 resides in the area of interest for pressure monitoring and the thin tube 220 exits the skin and attaches to the pressure sensor.
- a change in compartment pressure will increase pressure on the walls of the bulb and thereby force fluid out into the tube.
- the fluid in the closed bulb-tube system contacts the pressure sensor directly, and thereby communicates changes in pressure occurring on the bulb inside the compartment. Since the tube is inelastic, and the fluid inside the tube is incompressible, the corresponding pressure change at the bulb will be seen at the pressure sensor. As such, changes in pressure in the compartment are registered at the pressure sensor on the surface of the patient's skin.
- a correction factor can be introduced to account for factors such as: the volume of fluid in the flexible bulb, the diameter of the tube through which the pressure will be sensed, the location or position on the body, and the temperature of the system, patient, or ambient temperature.
- the bulb-tube system has several advantages including: reduction in cost because the pressure sensor and associated electronics need not be miniaturized for direct implantation; and simplification of the pressure sensor because the sensor itself is not implanted within the body, the sensor is not submerged within an aqueous environment and the electronics are not subject to FDA guidelines for an implantable device.
- FIG. 2 is presented for illustrative purposes only. Any of the compartment monitors disclosed herein can be exchanged for the monitors 210A-D shown in FIG. 2.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an exemplary compartment monitor 210, in accordance with one embodiment presented herein.
- flexible fluid- filled bulb 215 is implanted into compartment 200.
- Inelastic tube 220 is attached between flexible bulb 215 and a fluid-pressure sensor 360, which is external to the compartment 200.
- Pressure changes within compartment 200 affect the volume of fluid within bulb 215.
- fluid within bulb 215 is pushed up into tube 220.
- tube 220 is inelastic, and the fluid within bulb 215 and tube 220 in incompressible, the pressure change within compartment 200 is registered at pressure sensor 360.
- the pressure data is then communicated to an RFID device coupled to the pressure sensor.
- pressure sensor 360 and RFID device are powered by flexible battery 370.
- RFID device and/or pressure sensor may be powered by other techniques.
- Adhesive bandage material 330 is used to house and maintain the RFID device, flexible battery 370, and fluid-pressure sensor 360. Additional external sensors may further be included in the adhesive bandage material.
- Sterile gauze 350 may be present in between adhesive bandage 330 and the surface of the skin.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a compartment monitor having a pressure monitor inserted into a compartment, according to embodiments of the present invention.
- an implantable in-dwelling pressure sensor is implanted into the compartment 200.
- MEMS microelectronic pressure sensor
- the relatively small size of a MEMS pressure sensor allows easy insertion into the tissue.
- Such MEMS sensors use a change in resistance, change in capacitance, change in voltage, or a piezoelectric effect to convert changes in pressure on a sensing membrane to a voltage, current, or frequency change in the output signal.
- the pressure sensor can remain in the body for a prescribed period of time (generally 24-48 hours for compartment syndrome monitoring, but possibly longer for intracranial pressure monitoring).
- the pressure sensor is coupled to a wire 416 that exits the compartment and skin and is coupled to an RF device 340 on a surface patch or bandage.
- a battery 370 is coupled to the RF device 340 to provide power.
- the RF device 340 powers the sensor 415, and interprets or relays the data from the pressure sensor to an interrogating reader.
- the pressure sensor can be removed by pulling the lead wire away from the skin.
- a substrate 330 (e.g., a layer of an adhesive bandage) is used to maintain the RF device 340 and battery 370 on the surface of the skin or tissue of the patient.
- Sterile gauze 350 is used between the electronic components and the surface of the skin or tissue.
- the substrate 330 may be used on the surface of a limb or cranium of a patient.
- auxiliary sensor 617 can be a pH sensor. Alternatively there can be multiple auxiliary sensors taking additional measurements, as required.
- the pressure sensor 415 and one or more auxiliary sensors 617 are coupled to the RFID chip 647.
- RF device 645 is discussed in further detail below. These systems may be powered by a flexible battery 370. As would be appreciated by persons of skill in the art, RFID device and/or pressure sensor may be powered by other techniques.
- the data collected is transmitted to an external wireless receiver via RF antenna 640.
- the RF sensor 645, battery 370, and antenna 640 all rest on a adhesive bandage or substrate 330.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a compartment monitor 710 in accordance with an alternative embodiment presented herein.
- the compartment monitor does not. include an implantable pressure sensor.
- the compartment monitor includes an external pressure sensor 745 which rest on the surface of the leg of the patient.
- compartment monitor 710 can be used and placed in between the leg of a patient and a cast and can be used to determine whether the pressure inside of a cast has exceeded a. certain amount.
- the compartment monitor 710 of FIG. 7 further includes an RF device 745 coupled to the pressure sensor.
- RF device 745 may further include a sensor interface 749 and an RFID chip 747. Data is communicated from the pressure sensor 715 to the RFID chip 747 through sensor interface 749.
- the systems may be powered by flexible battery 370. As would be appreciated by persons of skill in the art, RF device and/or pressure sensor may be powered by other techniques.
- the RF device is placed on top of the substrate 330.
- the bandage is an oval shape, of course the bandage could be any other type of shape.
- Bandage 800 may be used with any of the compartment monitors described above.
- FIG. 10 is a system 1000 for monitoring compartment pressure, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- System 1000 includes an RF device 1010 coupled to one or more external sensors 1090.
- RF device 1010 includes an RF core 1020, an analog to digital converter (ADC) 1030, and one or more antennas 1016. These components are mounted or formed on a substrate. Additionally, the RF core 1020 and/or ADC 1030 may be included in an integrated circuit.
- RF device 1010 may also include one or more sensor elements 1095. Sensor elements 1095 may be included in the integrated circuit, on the substrate, external to substrate, or in any combination of the above. As shown in FIG. 10, sensor elements 1095 are included on the substrate. Any compatible sensor element can be used as sensor element 1095.
- integrated or external sensor may include a temperature sensor element that generate information indicating ambient temperature; a pH sensor element; or other biological or chemical sensors.
- the system may include other types of sensor elements or combinations thereof, as would be apparent to persons skilled in the relevant art(s).
- FIG. 11 is a block diagram of an illustrative network 1100 for remotely monitoring one or more orthopedic sensors integrated with RFID devices, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- Network 1100 includes a plurality of remote locations 1110.
- Each remote location 1110 includes an RFID/sensor readers 1140 and one or more RFID device and integrated sensors (RFID/sensor device) 1 120.
- RFID/sensor device 1120 may have one or more devices integrated into the RFID device and one or more external sensors.
- the wireless RFID/sensor readers 1140 are coupled to a backend application via a communications network 1180.
- communications network 1180 is a publicly accessible communications network.
- communications network 1180 is a private network or a hybrid network including public and private portions. Persons skilled in the relevant art(s) will recognize that various network architectures could be used for communication network 1180.
- Wireless RFID/sensor reader 1140 includes logic to read sensor data and RFID tag data transmitted by RFID/sensor device 1120. In an embodiment, wireless RFID/sensor reader 1140 also includes logic to process the received sensor data. Wireless RFID/sensor reader 1140 can be any wireless device capable of communicating via an air interface protocol with RFID/sensor devices 1120. In embodiments of the present invention, wireless RFID/sensor reader 1140 could be a wireless phone, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a computer having wireless communications capabilities, or other type of mobile, handheld, and/or computing device (e.g., an iPAD). In further embodiments, wireless RFID/sensor reader 1140 may include global positioning system (GPS) or similar technology to identify the location of the RFID/sensor reader 1140.
- GPS global positioning system
- RFID/sensor reader 1 140 and RFID/sensor device 1120 according to one or more protocols.
- reader 1140 and the RFID/sensor devices 1120 communicate via a single protocol for both RFID tag communications and sensor communications.
- reader 1140 and RFID/sensor devices 1 120 communicate via a first protocol for RFID tag communications and via a second protocol for sensor communications. Examples of protocols used for RFID tag communications include binary tree traversal, HF ISO 15693 and EPC global Gen 2.
- the present invention is also applicable to any other types of communication protocols between tags and readers otherwise known or yet to be developed.
- signals are exchanged between the wireless RFID/sensor reader 1140 and communication network 1180 according to one or more protocols.
- the communications protocol used between reader 1 140 and communications network 1180 can be any wireless air interface protocol, such as used in IS-41 or GSM wireless communications networks, for example. Additionally, or alternatively, the communications may also be using a standard data communications protocol.
- application 1190 also receives location information for the RFID/sensor reader 1140 (e.g., GPS position data). Furthermore, in an embodiment, the application 1190 may transmit data back over network 1180 to reader 1140. For example, application 1 190 may signal a reader 1140 if any changes to pressure are detected. Alternatively, application 1190 may send messages to trigger reader 1140 to interrogate RFID/sensor 1120 for a measurement.
- location information e.g., GPS position data
- application 1190 may transmit data back over network 1180 to reader 1140.
- application 1 190 may signal a reader 1140 if any changes to pressure are detected.
- application 1190 may send messages to trigger reader 1140 to interrogate RFID/sensor 1120 for a measurement.
- the application 1190 When data is received from an RFID chip (via a reader), the application 1190 must associate the received identifier with a patient. Records in database 1196 may provide this mapping. For example, when a patient leaves a healthcare facility, the identifier of his or her RFID chip is associated with the patient name in database 1 196.
- Application 1 190 may further be coupled to an electronic medical records database 1192.
- application 1190 may forward the processed data to electronic medical records database 1 192 via a protocol such as HL7.
- Application 1190 may be further integrated with a remote patient monitoring station 1194.
- a healthcare provider monitors the data received from remote compartment monitoring devices to determine if additional medical intervention is necessary.
- application 1190 provides patient monitoring station 1194 with location information.
- Application 1 190 may display historical data or trends for monitoring station 1194.
- FIG. 12 depicts an exemplary system 1200 having a modified RFID chip, according to embodiments of the present invention.
- FIG. 12 illustrates how complex sensors can be handled using a passive modified RFID radio, where the processed sensor data is passed through the RFID part as part of the standard interrogation - transmission of RFID data.
- the system 1200 includes a plurality of external sensors.
- the plurality of external sensors includes a complex calibrated external MEMS sensor 1213 and an ultra precise external thermistor to allow medicai grade combined pressure and temperature sensor measurements.
- Each of the plurality of external sensors is coupled to a sensor interface 1249.
- Sensor interface 1249 includes a analog to digital converter (ADC) and multiplexer 1252, an external microprocessor (MCU) and firmware 1254, and memory 1256. Using an external microprocessor and firmware allows compression of complex sensor data and extremely fast passage of information via the RFID chip, well within the limits of current standard RFID reader chips.
- Sensor interface 1249 further includes an external power source (e.g. battery, energy harvesting, solar, chemical, motion, etc.) that also can include a reference voltage calibration circuit.
- sensor interface 1249 is included in a separate chip.
- Sensor interface 1249 is coupled to modified RFID chip 1247.
- the command set for the external MCU 1254 is passed through the RFID tag 1247.
- the memory on the RFID chip is cleared either when full or bumped with each new interrogation or sensor data download or by external command from the RFID interrogator (cell phone).
- the RFID chip 1247 and sensor interface 1249 of FIG. 12 can be integrated into a single hybrid chip, whereby the packaged sensor data is placed in memory and where the main processor would be powered by the external power source and the communication part built to handle the constraints imposed by current RFID interrogators.
- the components of sensor interface 1249 may be included in a separate integrated circuit chip.
- Various designs are possible for the fully integrated chip.
- the system of FIG. 12 illustrates the combination of an external temperature sensor and an external MEMS sensor. For temperature on chip a single calibration point digital sensor is preferred. Such sensor technology is described in US Patent 7,461,972 that is included by reference in its entirety.
- FIG. 13 is a block diagram illustrating a portion 1300 of an RFID device in accordance with an embodiment presented herein.
- Portion 1300 illustrates an integrated temperature sensor 1310, sensor interface 1320, and an analog to digital converter (ADC) 1330.
- Sensor interface 1320 receives data from integrated sensor 1310 and one or more external sensors.
- integrated sensor data is fed into a sample and hold circuit 1322.
- the output of the sample and hold circuit 1322 and data from external sensors are fed into a multiplexer 1324.
- the output of multiplexer 1324 is fed into ADC converter 1330.
- the output of ADC 1330 is communicated to RFID core (not shown).
- FIG. 14 is a flowchart 1400 illustrating a method of monitoring compartment pressure, according to embodiments of the present invention.
- Flowchart 1400 is discussed with reference to the embodiments of FIGs. 1 through 13. However, flowchart 1400 is not limited to those embodiments.
- the pressure sensor is coupled to an RF device including an RFID chip.
- the RF device may be integrated in a patient bandage.
- the RFID/sensor reader or application determines an action to take based on the current and/or historical measured pressure data.
- Example actions include generating and displaying a graph of the pressure over time, writing pressure information to medical records, and/or paging a healthcare provider if the current measured pressure is out of range or the pressure trend indicates pressure trending in an adverse direction.
- step 1450 after the period for monitoring has ended, the pressure sensor is removed. If the sensor was inserted into a compartment of the patient, the sensor is removed by pulling on the wire tether. If a vessel was inserted into the compartment (as described in FIG. 2), the vessel is removed by a healthcare provider.
- FIG. 15 is a flowchart 1500 showing a method for linking identifiers to create transparent and secure wireless monitoring of compartment syndrome in a patient, according to embodiments of the present invention.
- Flowchart 1500 is described with reference to the embodiments described above. However, flowchart 1500 is not limited to those embodiments.
- step 1525 a determination is made whether the authentication is successful. If the authentication was not successful, the RFID device is replaced. If authentication is successful, the process continues to step 1530.
- the identifier of the RFID reader of the patient is retrieved.
- the patient may have a cell phone with an integrated RFID reader.
- the healthcare facility may provide the patient with an RFID reader.
- step 1580 the RFID chip is calibrated and activated.
- step 1590 compartment pressure monitoring begins.
- FIG. 16 is an exemplary embodiment of a needle 1650 used in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
- the needle will break in half lengthwise to assist with insertion of the device 1652 into the skin.
- the needle has a very fine cut completely through its mid diameter - longitudinally.
- the two halves of the needle are held together by a plastic endcap (not shown) for attachment to a syringe.
- the plastic endcap is scored, and once the device 1652 placed into the tissue and the needle pulled out of the skin, the needle can be split in half to remove it from the lead wire (or tube) 1656 that is left in the tissue.
- This configuration allows for the sensor to be placed as an assembled unit, without requiring the skin patch or some fitting on the tether to pass through the insertion needle once the sensor is secured in the tissue.
- Opto-electronic compartment monitor 1710 includes a plurality of color coded fluid cells 1712.
- fluid cells are color coded, in other embodiments color is optional.
- Each color coded fluid cell 1712 is coupled through a pressure sensitive valve 1714 to a digital sensor 1712.
- the digital sensor 1722 thus acts as an on/off switch to send information through wires 1716 to RF sensor 1745.
- An optical window 1718 can be used optionally. A healthcare provider can then visual inspect the monitor to determine the status of the compartment pressure.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
RU2013105218/14A RU2013105218A (en) | 2010-07-08 | 2011-07-07 | SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR MONITORING PRESSURE SYNDROME |
JP2013518834A JP6141574B2 (en) | 2010-07-08 | 2011-07-07 | System for monitoring compartment syndrome |
KR1020137003491A KR101775753B1 (en) | 2010-07-08 | 2011-07-07 | Compartment syndrome monitoring systems and methods |
EP11804354.6A EP2590554B1 (en) | 2010-07-08 | 2011-07-07 | Compartment syndrome monitoring system |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US12/832,767 US9314175B2 (en) | 2010-07-08 | 2010-07-08 | Compartment syndrome monitoring systems and methods |
US12/832,767 | 2010-07-08 |
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WO2012006441A1 true WO2012006441A1 (en) | 2012-01-12 |
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PCT/US2011/043219 WO2012006441A1 (en) | 2010-07-08 | 2011-07-07 | Compartment syndrome monitoring systems and methods |
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US (2) | US9314175B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2590554B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP6141574B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR101775753B1 (en) |
RU (1) | RU2013105218A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2012006441A1 (en) |
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US20140273824A1 (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2014-09-18 | Medtronic, Inc. | Systems, apparatus and methods facilitating secure pairing of an implantable device with a remote device using near field communication |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JP6141574B2 (en) | 2017-06-07 |
EP2590554B1 (en) | 2018-10-17 |
US20120010525A1 (en) | 2012-01-12 |
US20160331253A1 (en) | 2016-11-17 |
JP2013535995A (en) | 2013-09-19 |
KR20130140616A (en) | 2013-12-24 |
EP2590554A1 (en) | 2013-05-15 |
KR101775753B1 (en) | 2017-09-06 |
US9314175B2 (en) | 2016-04-19 |
US10165956B2 (en) | 2019-01-01 |
EP2590554A4 (en) | 2014-11-19 |
RU2013105218A (en) | 2014-08-20 |
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