WO2011113078A1

WO2011113078A1 - Tool for drilling curved drilled holes

Info

Publication number: WO2011113078A1
Application number: PCT/AT2011/000132
Authority: WO
Inventors: Thomas Angeli; Gobert V. Skrbensky; Christian Breuer-Ruesch
Original assignee: Technische Universität Wien
Priority date: 2010-03-16
Filing date: 2011-03-16
Publication date: 2011-09-22
Also published as: AT508891A4; AT508891B1

Abstract

The invention relates to a tool (1) for drilling curved drilled holes, with a drill head (2), which is connected to one end of a flexible shaft (3) for rotation therewith, with a guide tube (4), which surrounds the flexible shaft (3) and is bent corresponding to the curvature of the drilled hole, with a bearing (5) at the distal end for supporting the drill head (2), and with a device (6) arranged at the other end of the flexible shaft (3) and serving for connection to a drive. In order to produce a drilling tool (1) with which the drilling procedure and subsequent processing steps can be performed efficiently and simply, a device (7) for anchoring a thread or the like is provided at the distal end of the guide tube (4). The thread (F) or the like can be drawn into the drilled hole at the same time as said drilled hole is being produced.

Description

Tool for drilling curved holes

The invention relates to a tool for drilling curved Bohr ^¬ holes, with a drill head, which is rotatably connected to one end of a flexible shaft, and with a surrounding the flexible shaft, the curvature of the wellbore corresponding bent guide tube, with a bearing at the distal end of Bearing of the drill head, and arranged at the other end of the flexible shaft means for connection to a drive.

The drilling tool is particularly suitable for use in the Chirur ^¬ gie where curved holes in bone, for example, to fix torn ligaments are to be produced. Be ^¬ sondere areas of application of the drilling tool are, for example, in the shoulder surgery, or construction in the Rotatorenmanschettenrekon- and in the hip surgery in the trochanter Refixa- tion on Feraur.

However, other fields of application apart from surgery, in which curved boreholes are to be produced and ^certain parts are to be connected to that body which is provided with the boreholes, are conceivable. Such curved holes can also be used to carry ropes or the like. serve. Furthermore, curved flow channels for fluidic systems can be produced with such a drilling tool. Subsequently, a brush could be passed through the channel who ^¬ , which serves to deburr the prepared bore should cross the produced, curved channel in the course of other holes. In this way, an impairment of the function of the fluidic system is prevented.

A drilling tool of the subject type is known for example from US 4,541,423 A, wherein the guide tube consists of a Ma ^¬ material, which can be manually brought into the desired curvature for the well to be produced. A disadvantage since ^¬ at, however, is that the bend during the drilling process by pressing the guide tube can be changed, whereby a borehole having a curvature which does not correspond to the desired ^■ Krüm ^¬ tion, may result. Furthermore, the connection of the drill head with the flexible shaft over a relatively long, starry res fitting disadvantageous because the region of the guide tube must extend straight after the drill head at least over the length of this connector straight, which is disadvantageous for the drilling of curved boreholes with relatively small radii.

Another. Drilling tool of the subject type for use in surgery is known for example from US 4,265,231 A, the structure of which is disadvantageous in terms of the force on the drill bit.

After making a curved hole with a corresponding drilling tool is usually the thread or the like. , with the example, a torn band is to be fixed to the bone, fed in a further step in the hole, possibly with the previous retraction of an auxiliary thread with which then the surgical thread or a band, such as a so-called fiber tape, retracted , with the help of which the torn ligament is fixed on the bone.

The object of the present invention is to provide an above-mentioned tool for drilling curved boreholes, in particular for use in orthopedic surgery, with which the desired curved borehole can be produced as quickly as possible and subsequent working steps, such as, for example, fastening a specific part. such as a band on which body, for example bone, in which the borehole has been made can be made. The drilling tool should be as simple and inexpensive as possible, so that an application as a disposable product is possible. Disadvantages of known drilling tools should be avoided or at least reduced.

The object of the invention is achieved by a tool mentioned above, wherein at the distal end of the guide tube means for anchoring a thread or the like. Is provided. According to the invention, it is thus provided that a thread or the like, with which, for example, a torn band is to be fixed to the bone, is connected to the end of the guide tube and the thread or the like is easily drawn into the borehole can be. This drawing-in of the thread or the like. Can be done immediately after the production of the borehole by gleichzei ^¬ tig the thread or the like. Through the borehole is pulled upon retraction of the drilling tool from the well or simultaneously with the drilling operation by the yarn or the like. is connected to the anchoring device before the drilling operation and is drawn in parallel with the guide tube through the hole produced. Thus, the drill has virtually the function of a surgical needle and can be used, for example, in trauma surgery for rapid fixation of ligaments to bone.

Advantageously, the secured to the anchoring means at the distal end of the guide tube thread or the like. Au arranged ^¬ ßerhalb of the guide tube extend, so that the Fa ^¬ or the like. Simultaneously is retractable with the manufacture of the well bore into the wellbore.

Alternatively, the fixed to the anchoring means at the dis ^¬ talen end of the guide tube thread or the like. Also in the interior of the guide tube to be arranged to extend so that the thread or the like. Retractable also simultaneously with the production of the borehole in the well bore. In this case, channels or the like. Be arranged inside the guide tube, which protect the thread from the rotating flexible shaft.

It is advantageous if a bush for supporting the drill head is provided at the distal end of the guide tube. This socket may be made of a suitable material, for example, prepared Me ^¬ tall. The bearing bush is preferably pressed into the distal end of the guide tube and absorbs the forces absorbed by the drill head.

Instead of a bearing bush and the distal end of the Füh ^¬ tion tube itself for storage of the drill head from ^¬ formed accordingly.

With regard to the transmission of forces, it is advantageous if the bearing bush or the distal end of the guide tube has a peripheral shoulder for forming an axial and radial bearing Has surface for the storage of the drill head. Due to the axial as well as radial mounting of the drill head, a better transmission of forces via the drill head is possible. At the same time, this embodiment of the mounting of the drill head is particularly space-saving.

The device for anchoring the thread or the like. can be designed in various ways. For example, at least one eyelet can be provided at the distal end of the guide tube or the bearing bush, through which the thread or the like can be inserted, so that it can be drawn into the borehole by movement of the drilling tool.

Alternatively or in addition to the eyelet, a notch may also be arranged at the distal end of the guide tube or the bearing bush, into which the thread or the like can be inserted and clamped.

A further alternative or additional embodiment of the anchoring means may comprise a circumferential groove on the dista ^¬ len end of the guide tube or bearing bush or between the distal end of the guide tube and the bearing bush, into which groove the to be recovered into the wellbore thread or the like. Inserted and fixed can.

For the production of the borehole, it is advantageous if the guide tube is bent in the opposite direction from the drill head in an area after the curvature corresponding to the borehole in the opposite direction. By this double curvature of the guide tube, the force can be better introduced to the drill head and a better manual handling of the drilling tool can be achieved.

For the stiffening of the guide tube and an improved

Pressure exerted on the drill head can be arranged on the guide tube, preferably in the region of the opposite bend, a plate. This stiffening plate has the advantage that the most endangered in terms of pressure exerted zone of the guide tube is stiffened, so that an unwanted deformation of the guide tube can not occur. At the same time, one can correspondingly shaped plate a bearing surface for the index finger in the manual application of the drilling tool, for example ^¬ by a surgeon offer. The plate is preferably made of the same material as the guide tube and connected to the guide tube according to, for example, welded.

According to a further feature of the invention, it is provided that the guide tube, at least in the region bent in accordance with the curvature of the borehole, has a smaller outer diameter than the remaining region of the guide tube. By this measure, the rigidity of the guide tube can be increased without the minimum possible bore diameter must be increased. Also, by this gradation of the outer diameter of the region of the guide tube, which corresponds to the curvature of the borehole and with which the borehole is made, limited accordingly.

Another significant advantage is given by the fact that the drill head has a countersink for receiving the end of the flexible shaft. By such a reduction, it is possible that the flexible shaft directly, ie without a rigid connection ^¬ piece, is connected to the flexible shaft. As a result, the guide tube can be executed already bent immediately after the drill head or the bearing bush, so that smaller radii for the boreholes to be produced can be achieved.

The end of the flexible shaft is preferably connected to the drill head by soldering or gluing. Apart from that, of course, other connection methods, such as a press connection or the like. possible.

The drill head preferably has substantially spherical Ge ^¬ Stalt, slight deviations from the spherical shape, for example a pointed tapered shape are possible.

It is also advantageous if the drill head has a maximum of 2 to 4 cutting edges. The arrangement of a corresponding ge ^¬ wrestling number of cutting results in sufficient space between the cutting to dissipate during drilling removed material.

The flexible shaft preferably consists of several strands wound in opposite directions around a core in layers. Such a flexible drive shaft, as they are known, for example, in dentistry ^instruments or tachometer waves, can be produced relatively inexpensively and simply. As the material for the flexible shaft is preferably stainless steel.

The guide tube is preferably formed of metal, so that can be corresponding forces via the guide pipe to the drill head übertra ^¬ gen.

At the distal end of the guide ^tube , a light source can be arranged ^¬ .

To remove the material removed from the drill head better, a flushing device may be provided, via which Spülflüs ^¬ assured by the guide tube to the drill head can be conveyed. The flushing liquid can also be used simultaneously for cooling and lubrication of the drill head. As a rinsing or cooling liquid is preferably suitable for surgical applications, water or saline. In other applications, other suitable rinsing, cooling or lubricants can be used ^¬ .

Finally, it is in particular for use in the Chirur ^¬ energy advantageous when the drill head is connected to the flexible shaft, the guide tube or the like together with the device secured to the anchoring thread or ^¬. arranged in a sterile packaging. The surgeon only needs to remove the drilling tool from the sterile package prior to surgery and apply it appropriately after connection to an existing drive. After application, preferably embodied as a disposable product ^¬ drilling tool is disposed of. Alternatively, of course, the drilling tool can also be re-sterilized and reapplied.

The inventive object is also achieved by a procedural ^¬ ren for producing curved holes, at the same time with the production of the borehole a thread or the like. is drawn into the borehole. By these measures, the drilling ^¬ process and the subsequent step, such as the attachment of a torn tape to a bone, can be made more quickly.

The present _. Invention will be explained with reference to the accompanying Zeichnun ^¬ gene, which show embodiments of the subject boring ^¬ zeugs closer.

Show in it

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an embodiment of a drilling tool;

2 to 4 different embodiments of the device for anchoring a thread or the like. At the distal end of the guide tube of the drilling tool.

5 shows a schematic structure of a flexible shaft of the drilling tool.

6 is an enlarged view of the drilling tool in the region of the drill head.

7 shows a sectional view through a further embodiment of the drilling tool in the region of the drill head;

8 shows a view of a drilling tool for illustrating the bends of the guide tube;

9 and 10 further embodiments of a drilling tool according to the invention; and

Fig. 11 shows the arrangement of the drilling tool in a preferably sterile packaging.

Fig. 1 shows a drilling tool 1 for producing curved Bohr ^¬ holes with a drill head 2 at one end of a flexible shaft 3 (shown in phantom) rotatably connected thereto is. The flexible shaft 3 is surrounded by a guide tube 4, which is bent according to the curvature of the borehole to be produced. At the distal end of the guide tube 4 of the drilling ^¬ head 2 is rotatably supported via a bearing. 5 At the other end of the flexible shaft 3, a device 6 for connection to a drive (not shown) is provided. According to the invention at the distal end of the guide tube 4, a device 7 for anchoring a yarn F, or the like. Provided by means of the ^¬ sen an object, for example a torn ligament, with that body, for example a bone in which the wellbore is formed, connected can be. Thus, it is possible einzu with the production of the borehole and a thread F or the like. In the wellbore ^¬ pull in one operation simultaneously.

Fig. 2 shows the distal end of the guide tube 4 of the boring ^¬ tool 1 in a sectional view. In this case, located at the distal end of the guide tube 4, a socket 8 for supporting the drill head 2 (not shown). Instead of a bearing bush 8 and the distal end of the guide tube 4 may be formed according to the storage of the drill head 2. According to FIG. 2, the device 7 for anchoring the thread F or the like is formed by an eyelet 9.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 3, the means 7 for anchoring a suture or the like F is ge forms ^¬. By a groove 10, which is arranged between the bearing sleeve 8 and the distal end of the guide tube 4. The groove 10 may also be arranged in the bearing bush 8 or in the distal end of the guide ^tube 4 ^¬ . In the groove 10, the thread F or the like., Wel ^¬ cher is to be drawn through the well, inserted and thus anchored at the distal end of the guide tube 4.

Finally, FIG. 4 shows a further embodiment of a ^device 7 for anchoring a thread F or the like, which is formed by a notch 11 in the bearing bush 8, into which the thread F or the like can be clamped. In one embodiment of the drilling tool 1 without bearing bush 8, the notch 11 can also be arranged directly at the distal end of the guide tube 4 ^¬ . About the pressed-in in the guide tube 4 La The radial bearing takes place via the pressed-in bushing 8 via the flexible shaft 3 connected to the drill head 2 along the radial bearing surface A _R. The axial forces, however, are transmitted via the axial bearing surface A _A from Bohr ^¬ head 2 on the bearing bush 8 on the guide tube 4. This embodiment of the radial bearing is particularly space-saving. Furthermore, it can be seen from FIG. 4 that the drill head 2 has a countersink 16, into which the end of the flexible shaft 3 is inserted and rotatably connected to the drill head 2, for example soldered or glued, can be. Thus, no stei ^¬ fes connection piece is required for connection of the drill head 2 with the flexible shaft 3, so that the guide tube 4 may be formed un ^¬ indirectly after the drill head 3 already bent. In this way tighter radii of curvature can be achieved for the forth ^¬ the delivering holes.

Fig. 5 shows a preferred construction of a flexible shaft 3, wherein a plurality of strands 12, for example, ^stainless' steel, are wound in layers around a core against the same. 13

6 shows a variant of a drilling tool 1 in the region of the substantially spherical drill head 2. The drill head 2 has only a few, here two cutting edges 14. In ei ^¬ ner small number of blades 14 is enough space Zvi ^¬ rule the cutting 14 for the removal of material removed during the drilling available.

The sectional view of FIG. 7, an alternative embodiment of the distal end of the guide tube 4 are removed. In this case, there is a circumferential shoulder 15 at the distal end of the guide tube 4, through which in addition to the axial bearing surface A _A and a radial bearing surface A _{R is formed} for the storage of the drill head 2, by which forces can also be transmitted via the drill head 2.

FIG. 8 shows a further embodiment of a drilling tool 1, in which the guide tube 4 has different outer diameter D _A. In particular, the guide tube 4 at least in the Corresponding to the curvature of the borehole bent region X _{1 has} a smaller outer diameter D _A1 than in the subsequent region X ₂ . In the region X _2, the outer diameter is D _A2 ent ^¬ speaking larger, whereby it can be ^¬ höht the rigidity of the guide tube 4, without the minimum hole diameter must be increased.

Fig. 9 shows a further embodiment of a drilling tool according to the invention ^¬ SEN 1, wherein a plate 20 is preferably in the above-mentioned range X _2, which adjoins region Χχ corresponding to the curvature of the borehole and connected to the guide tube 4. The plate 20 serves on the one hand to stiffen the drilling tool 1, in particular of the guide tube 4 and on the other hand as a support for the index finger of the user of the drilling tool 1, whereby forces can be better transmitted to the drill head 2 during drilling. The plate 20 is accordingly shaped ergonomically and preferably welded to the extension pipe Füh ^¬. 4

In the embodiment of a drilling tool 1 according to FIG. 10, a light source 18 for illuminating the area around the drill head 2 is arranged at the distal end of the guide tube 4. In this way, possibly an endoscopic observation of the drilling ^¬ process can take place. In addition, a flushing device 19 can be arranged on the per ^¬ imum end of the guide tube 4, through which a flushing fluid through the guide tube 4 to the drilling head 2 may be beför ^¬ changed. In this way, the removed material can be removed and the drill head 2 cooled and lubricated.

Finally, Fig. 11 shows the arrangement of the drilling tool 1 in a preferably sterile packaging 17, which may be formed in a conventional manner by a blister pack. In this way, optimal handling may in particular be achieved for the use of the drilling tool 1 ^¬ as a disposable product.

Claims

Claims:

1. tool (1) for drilling curved holes, with a drill head (2) which is non-rotatably connected to one end of a flexible shaft (3), and with a flexible shaft (3) vice ^¬ bending, the curvature of the borehole accordingly curved

Guide tube (4), with a bearing (5) at the distal end for Lage ^¬ tion of the drill head (2), and with a at the other end of the flexible ^¬ wave (3) arranged means (6) for connection to a drive, characterized in that a device (7) for anchoring a thread (F) or the like is attached to the distal end of the guide tube (4). is provided.

2. Tool (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that on the anchoring device (7) at the distal end of the guide tube ^¬ (4) fixed thread (F) or the like. Outside the guide tube (4) is arranged to extend, so simultane ^- ously ^¬ tig with the production of the borehole of the thread (F) or the like. Retractable into the borehole.

3. Tool (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that at the anchoring device (7) at the distal end of the guide tube ^¬ (4) fixed thread (F) or the like. In the interior of the guide tube (4) is arranged to extend, so gleichzei ^¬ tig with the production of the bore hole, the thread (F) or the like. in the well is retractable.

4. Tool (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized ge ^¬ indicates that at the distal end of the guide tube (4) is provided a bushing (8) for supporting the drill head (2).

5. Tool (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the distal end of the guide tube (4) for mounting the drill head (2) is formed.

6. Tool (1) according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the bearing bush (8) or the distal end of Führungsroh ^¬ res (4) has a circumferential shoulder (15) for forming an axial and radial bearing surface for the mounting of the drill head (2).

7. Tool (1) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the anchoring means (7) by at ^¬ least one eyelet (9) at the distal end of the guide tube (4) or the bearing bush (8) is formed.

8. Tool (1) according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the anchoring means (7) by at ^¬ least one notch (11) at the distal end of the guide tube (4) or the bearing bush (8) is formed.

9. Tool (1) according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the anchoring device (7) by a circumferential groove (10) at the distal end of the guide tube (4) or the bearing bush (8) or between the distal end of the Guide tube (4) and the bearing bush (8) is formed.

10. Tool (1) according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized ge ^¬ indicates that the guide tube (4) in the drill head (2) ent ^¬ opposite direction in the range (X ₂ ) after the borehole corresponding curvature in the opposite direction is bent.

11. Tool (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized ge ^¬ indicates that on the guide tube (4), preferably in the region of the opposite bend, a plate (20) for stiffening and pressure on the drill head (2) is arranged ,

12. Tool (1) according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized ge ^¬ indicates that the guide tube (4) at least in the ent ^¬ speaking of the curvature of the wellbore bent portion (X _x ) has a smaller outer diameter (D _A ).

13. Tool (1) according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the drill head (2) has a countersink (16) for receiving the end of the flexible shaft (3).

14. Tool (1) according to claim 13, characterized in that the end of the flexible shaft (3) with the drill head (2) is soldered or glued.

15. Tool (1) according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized ge ^¬ indicates that the drill head (2) is formed substantially spherical.

16. Tool (1) according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the drill head (2) has two to four cutting edges (14).

17. Tool (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 16, characterized ge ^¬ indicates that the flexible shaft (3) consists of several to a soul (13) in layers gegengleich wound strands (12).

18. Tool (1) according to one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that the guide tube (4) is formed of metal.

19. Tool (1) according to one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that at the distal end of the guide tube (4) a light source (18) is arranged.

20. Tool (1) according to one of claims 1 to 19, characterized ge ^¬ indicates that a purging device (19) is provided, via which rinsing liquid through the guide tube (4) for Bohr ^¬ head (2) is conveyed.

21. Tool (1) according to one of claims 1 to 20, characterized in that the with the flexible shaft (3) connected to the drill head (2), the guide tube (4) together with the anchoring device to the ver ^¬ (7) fixed thread (F) or the like. In a sterile packaging (17) is arranged.