WO2010083908A1 - Sensor device and method for transmitting a signal between a sensor device and a signal processing device - Google Patents

Sensor device and method for transmitting a signal between a sensor device and a signal processing device Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010083908A1
WO2010083908A1 PCT/EP2009/065603 EP2009065603W WO2010083908A1 WO 2010083908 A1 WO2010083908 A1 WO 2010083908A1 EP 2009065603 W EP2009065603 W EP 2009065603W WO 2010083908 A1 WO2010083908 A1 WO 2010083908A1
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Prior art keywords
signal
sensor
modulator
demodulator
sensor device
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PCT/EP2009/065603
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Marcus Meyer
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Robert Bosch Gmbh
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Publication of WO2010083908A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010083908A1/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/0002—Modulated-carrier systems analog front ends; means for connecting modulators, demodulators or transceivers to a transmission line
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D3/00—Indicating or recording apparatus with provision for the special purposes referred to in the subgroups
    • G01D3/028—Indicating or recording apparatus with provision for the special purposes referred to in the subgroups mitigating undesired influences, e.g. temperature, pressure
    • G01D3/036—Indicating or recording apparatus with provision for the special purposes referred to in the subgroups mitigating undesired influences, e.g. temperature, pressure on measuring arrangements themselves
    • G01D3/0365—Indicating or recording apparatus with provision for the special purposes referred to in the subgroups mitigating undesired influences, e.g. temperature, pressure on measuring arrangements themselves the undesired influence being measured using a separate sensor, which produces an influence related signal
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/12—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
    • G01D5/14—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage
    • G01D5/142—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage using Hall-effect devices
    • G01D5/145—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage using Hall-effect devices influenced by the relative movement between the Hall device and magnetic fields
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
    • G01R33/02—Measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux
    • G01R33/06—Measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux using galvano-magnetic devices
    • G01R33/07—Hall effect devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03M—CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
    • H03M3/00—Conversion of analogue values to or from differential modulation
    • H03M3/30—Delta-sigma modulation
    • H03M3/39—Structural details of delta-sigma modulators, e.g. incremental delta-sigma modulators
    • H03M3/436—Structural details of delta-sigma modulators, e.g. incremental delta-sigma modulators characterised by the order of the loop filter, e.g. error feedback type
    • H03M3/456—Structural details of delta-sigma modulators, e.g. incremental delta-sigma modulators characterised by the order of the loop filter, e.g. error feedback type the modulator having a first order loop filter in the feedforward path
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00—Baseband systems
    • H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
    • H04L25/0264—Arrangements for coupling to transmission lines
    • H04L25/0266—Arrangements for providing Galvanic isolation, e.g. by means of magnetic or capacitive coupling
    • H04L25/0268—Arrangements for providing Galvanic isolation, e.g. by means of magnetic or capacitive coupling with modulation and subsequent demodulation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00—Baseband systems
    • H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
    • H04L25/08—Modifications for reducing interference; Modifications for reducing effects due to line faults ; Receiver end arrangements for detecting or overcoming line faults
    • H04L25/085—Arrangements for reducing interference in line transmission systems, e.g. by differential transmission
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00—Baseband systems
    • H04L25/38—Synchronous or start-stop systems, e.g. for Baudot code
    • H04L25/40—Transmitting circuits; Receiving circuits
    • H04L25/49—Transmitting circuits; Receiving circuits using code conversion at the transmitter; using predistortion; using insertion of idle bits for obtaining a desired frequency spectrum; using three or more amplitude levels ; Baseband coding techniques specific to data transmission systems
    • H04L25/4902—Pulse width modulation; Pulse position modulation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03M—CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
    • H03M3/00—Conversion of analogue values to or from differential modulation
    • H03M3/30—Delta-sigma modulation
    • H03M3/39—Structural details of delta-sigma modulators, e.g. incremental delta-sigma modulators
    • H03M3/412—Structural details of delta-sigma modulators, e.g. incremental delta-sigma modulators characterised by the number of quantisers and their type and resolution
    • H03M3/422—Structural details of delta-sigma modulators, e.g. incremental delta-sigma modulators characterised by the number of quantisers and their type and resolution having one quantiser only
    • H03M3/43—Structural details of delta-sigma modulators, e.g. incremental delta-sigma modulators characterised by the number of quantisers and their type and resolution having one quantiser only the quantiser being a single bit one

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a sensor device comprising a sensor, a converter having a modulator and a demodulator, and having a signal transmission path leading to a signal utilization and / or signal processing device.
  • the invention further relates to a method for signal transmission via the signal transmission path.
  • magnetic field responsive sensors such as MR sensors and analog Hall sensors
  • Their applications are, for example, in the field of magnetic field measurement, namely in terms of strength and direction of the magnetic field, or for angle measurement, namely the measurement of a direction of a magnetic field vector.
  • Such sensors basically provide analog output signals, which is why a signal processing for signal evaluation is required, which is done regularly in digital devices.
  • Such sensors have hitherto usually been available as separate components which had to be connected to signal conditioning and transmission to other devices, in particular amplifiers and converters.
  • more highly integrated sensors are familiar, which, for example, in addition to a compensation of temperature and offset drift can also determine angles directly and are connected via an interface to downstream control devices.
  • the signal transmission can be carried out analogously, pulse width modulated or as serial transmission.
  • a serial transmission for example, the actual sensor is required on the sensor side, followed by a signal amplification, an analog-to-digital converter, in particular a delta-sigma converter for quantification and then an interface for protocol conversion into a serial protocol.
  • this signal is converted by means of the receiver module into a parallel data word and further processed, wherein the further processing takes place in a microcontroller, for example of a control device, and the receiver module has an interface module that is designed as a protocol converter.
  • These protocol converters and also the latency resulting from the conversion are disadvantageous and worsen the angular accuracy of such a measuring system by phase shifting and a dead time for position controller.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a sensor device with a corresponding signal transmission path and a method for signal transmission over the signal transmission path, in which the disadvantages mentioned are avoided and a significant assembly reduction and simplification of the circuit to increase the reliability and cost-effective implementation.
  • the signal transmission path lies between the modulator and the demodulator.
  • the converter comprising the modulator and the demodulator is thus divided into two parts, the modulator being associated with the sensor, and the demodulator being the signal utilization and / or signal processing device.
  • the modulator is therefore on a transmission side of the signal transmission path, the demodulator on a receiver side.
  • the properties of a sigma-delta converter are used, which has a bitstream between the modulator and the demodulator, all the information includes the signal in quasi-binary form.
  • the signal could be reconstructed at any time as an input signal, for example by means of a low-pass filter.
  • the modulator of first or higher order (amplifier, integrator, comparator) and the demodulator n-th order (FIR or IIR filter) are therefore separated in groups, so that the bit stream, as it is used for internal conversion, for signal transmission over the Signal transmission path can be used.
  • the transmission-side and receiver-side interfaces used for protocol conversion can be saved.
  • the sensor is an analog sensor. everybody comes in
  • the senor is a Hall sensor.
  • This type of sensor which is widely used, in particular, in motor vehicle technology, is particularly suitable for being operated in a sensor device according to the invention. Also suitable are so-called AMR, GMR and TMR sensors.
  • the senor is an absolute angle sensor for a magnetic field.
  • Such an absolute angle sensor can directly determine a magnetic field vector. In a particularly advantageous manner and without extensive wiring, it can be used particularly advantageously in the automotive sector.
  • the modulator sends a unipolar and / or bipolar bitstream to the demodulator via the signal transmission path.
  • the bitstream can be decoupled as a unipolar or as a bipolar bitstream, for example also differentially.
  • the differential transmission reduces the
  • Waveforms, especially harmonics, are not dominant and therefore of only very little influence.
  • interference-proof transmission is particularly advantageous because in the automotive industry transmission paths must work safely and reliably even under very unfavorable and adverse environmental conditions.
  • a method for transmitting a signal of a sensor device via a signal transmission path to a signal utilization and / or signal processing device, the sensor device having a sensor and a modulator and a demodulator having converter. It is provided that the signal transmission between modulator and demodulator takes place.
  • the signal transmission path is therefore formed between the modulator on the one hand as a transmitter side and the demodulator on the other hand as a receiver side.
  • the signal is transmitted as a bit stream, in which only the ratios of pulse and pulse pause are used for a conversion to a significant value, wherein errors of the waveform and edge flurries, as they can occur on longer signal transmission distances , are negligible.
  • FIG. 1 shows a typical sigma-delta converter with its function blocks
  • FIG. 3 shows by way of example a bipolar bit stream of such a sigma-delta
  • Converter as a function of a graphically superimposed input signal for clarification. 1 shows a representation of a typical sigma-delta converter 1 in function blocks 2, namely a differential amplifier 3, on the input side, an analog input signal 4 is present, an integrator 5 and a comparator ⁇ and a 1-bit DAC 7, the output side of the Comparator 6 and the output side of the 1-bit DAC 7 each a bit stream 8 is applied, namely the output side of the comparator 6, a unipolar bitstream 9 and the output side of the 1-bit DAC 7 a bipolar bitstream 10.
  • the unipolar bitstream 9 passes through here a FIR Filter 1 1, which provides a parallel data signal 12.
  • the FIR filter 1 1 can be seen here as a demodulator 14 and the 1-bit DAC 7 as a modulator 13 with respect to the analog input signal 4 and the parallel data signal 12, whereby the analog input signal 4 as a parallel data signal 12 at a location other than the formation of the analog input signal 4 is provided for data processing.
  • FIG. 2 shows the 1-bit DAC 7 described in FIG. 1 as modulator 13 in an integrated sensor module 15, wherein a sensor 16, namely an absolute-angle sensor 17, is arranged in the integrated sensor module 15 next to the modulator 13.
  • a bit stream 8 On the output side of the modulator 13 there is a bit stream 8, namely a unipolar bit stream 9, which is transmitted via a signal transmission path 18 as a signal 19 to a signal utilization and / or signal processing device 20, which for example is designed as a control device 21 for a motor vehicle, not shown is.
  • the signal utilization and / or signal processing device 20 has the demodulator 14 and a microcontroller 22, which further processes the analog input signal 4 supplied by the sensor 16 in the demodulated form as a parallel data signal 12.
  • the signal transmission path 18 can be designed as a conductor track or as another suitable conductor connection of electrical or optical type. Due to the very high interference immunity of the signal due to its property to be evaluated as a bitstream only on the conditions of pulse and pulse pause, the signal transmission path 18 can be very long and can also be operated under unfavorable operating conditions.
  • FIG. 3 shows, by way of example, a bipolar bit stream 10, plotted over the time axis t and having an amplitude A, wherein the corresponding analog input signal is also included for clarification purposes. It is recognizable that over the
  • Period of the analog input signal 4 a conversion of the analog input output signal 4 by means of pulse width w and pulse p p takes place.
  • Both pulse pause p and pulse width w can be represented directly over the time t, with a pulse being bipolar as in the example shown, that is, having values of +1 or -1.
  • a very secure data transmission over long signal transmission links 18 is possible, since the time t can be reproduced extremely well over available, highly accurate time bases.
  • the influence against interference signals is very low, as are effects such as edge smoothing and absence of the curve shape, in particular harmonics, not disturbing in appearance.

Abstract

The invention relates to a sensor device having a sensor (10), a converter comprising a modulator (13) and a demodulator (14), and having a signal transmission route (18) leading to a signal using and/or signal processing device (20). According to the invention, the signal transmitting route (18) is located between the modulator (13) and the demodulator (14). The invention further relates to a method for transmitting a signal of a sensor device, comprising a sensor, a converter comprising a modulator and a demodulator, via a signal transmitting route to a signal using and/or signal processing device. According to the invention, the signal transmission takes place between the modulator and the demodulator.

Description

Beschreibung description
Titeltitle
Sensoreinrichtung und Verfahren zur Signalübertragung zwischen Sensoreinrichtung und einer SignalweiterverarbeitungseinrichtungSensor device and method for signal transmission between the sensor device and a signal processing device
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Sensoreinrichtung mit einem Sensor, einem Konverter, der einen Modulator und einen Demodulator aufweist, und mit einer Signalübertragungsstrecke, die zu einer Signalnutzungs- und/oder Signalweiterverarbeitungseinrichtung führt.The invention relates to a sensor device comprising a sensor, a converter having a modulator and a demodulator, and having a signal transmission path leading to a signal utilization and / or signal processing device.
Die Erfindung betrifft ferner ein Verfahren zur Signalübertragung über die Signalübertragungsstrecke.The invention further relates to a method for signal transmission via the signal transmission path.
Stand der TechnikState of the art
Im Stand der Technik werden auf Magnetfelder reagierende Sensoren, etwa MR-Sensoren und analoge Hall-Sensoren, in einer Vielzahl von Anwendungen zur Sensierung magnetischer Felder verwendet. Ihre Anwendungen liegen beispielsweise im Bereich der Magnetfeldvermessung, nämlich hinsichtlich Stärke und Richtung des Magnetfelds, oder zur Winkelmessung, nämlich der Messung einer Richtung eines Magnetfeldvektors. Derartige Sensoren liefern prinzipiell analoge Ausgangssignale, weshalb eine Signalaufbereitung zur Signalauswertung erforderlich ist, die regelmäßig in digitalen Einrichtungen erfolgt. Derartige Sensoren waren bislang üblicherweise als separate Bausteine erhältlich, die zu einer Signalaufbereitung und Übertragung an weitere Einrichtungen, insbesondere Verstärker und Konverter, angeschlossen werden mussten. Derzeit sind höher integrierte Sensoren geläufig, die beispielsweise neben einer Kompensation von Temperatur- und Offset-Drift auch direkt Winkel bestimmen können und über ein Interface an nachgeschaltete Steuergeräte angeschlossen sind. Die Signalüber- tragung kann hierbei analog erfolgen, pulsweitenmoduliert oder als serielle Übertragung. Insbesondere die pulsweitenmodulierte und serielle Übertragung haben aber den Nachteil, dass sie, um die von ihnen bereitgestellte höhere Betriebszuverlässigkeit darstellen zu können, eine umfangreiche Beschaltung erfordern. Bei einer seriellen Übertragung beispielsweise ist auf der Sensorseite der eigentliche Sensor erforderlich, dem eine Signalverstärkung, ein Analog-Digital-Konverter, insbesondere ein Delta-Sigma-Konverter zur Quantifizierung und sodann ein Interface zur Protokollwandlung in ein serielles Protokoll nachfolgt. Auf der Empfängerseite, also dem anderen Ende der Signalübertragungsstrecke, wird dieses Signal mittels der Empfängerbaugruppe in ein paralleles Datenwort gewandelt und weiterverarbeitet, wobei die Weiterverarbeitung in einem Mikrokontroller bei- spielsweise eines Steuergeräts erfolgt und die Empfängerbaugruppe einen Interfacebaustein aufweist, der als Protokollwandler ausgeführt ist. Diese Protokollwandler und auch die aus der Wandlung resultierende Latenzzeit sind nachteilig und verschlechtern die Winkelgenauigkeit eines solchen Messsystems durch Phasenverschiebung und eine Totzeit für Positionsregler.In the prior art, magnetic field responsive sensors, such as MR sensors and analog Hall sensors, are used in a variety of magnetic field sensing applications. Their applications are, for example, in the field of magnetic field measurement, namely in terms of strength and direction of the magnetic field, or for angle measurement, namely the measurement of a direction of a magnetic field vector. Such sensors basically provide analog output signals, which is why a signal processing for signal evaluation is required, which is done regularly in digital devices. Such sensors have hitherto usually been available as separate components which had to be connected to signal conditioning and transmission to other devices, in particular amplifiers and converters. At present, more highly integrated sensors are familiar, which, for example, in addition to a compensation of temperature and offset drift can also determine angles directly and are connected via an interface to downstream control devices. The signal transmission can be carried out analogously, pulse width modulated or as serial transmission. In particular, have the pulse width modulated and serial transmission but the disadvantage that, in order to represent the higher operational reliability they provide, they require extensive circuitry. In a serial transmission, for example, the actual sensor is required on the sensor side, followed by a signal amplification, an analog-to-digital converter, in particular a delta-sigma converter for quantification and then an interface for protocol conversion into a serial protocol. On the receiver side, ie the other end of the signal transmission path, this signal is converted by means of the receiver module into a parallel data word and further processed, wherein the further processing takes place in a microcontroller, for example of a control device, and the receiver module has an interface module that is designed as a protocol converter. These protocol converters and also the latency resulting from the conversion are disadvantageous and worsen the angular accuracy of such a measuring system by phase shifting and a dead time for position controller.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, eine Sensoreinrichtung mit einer entsprechenden Signalübertragungsstrecke und ein Verfahren zur Signalübertragung über die Signalübertragungsstrecke bereitzustellen, bei der die genannten Nachteile vermieden werden und eine deutliche Baugruppenreduktion und Vereinfachung der Schaltung zur Erhöhung der Betriebssicherheit und kostengünstigen Realisierung erfolgt.The object of the invention is to provide a sensor device with a corresponding signal transmission path and a method for signal transmission over the signal transmission path, in which the disadvantages mentioned are avoided and a significant assembly reduction and simplification of the circuit to increase the reliability and cost-effective implementation.
Offenbarung der ErfindungDisclosure of the invention
Hierzu wird eine Sensoreinrichtung mit einem Sensor, einem Konverter, der einen Modulator und einen Demodulator aufweist, und mit einer Signalübertragungsstrecke vorgeschlagen, wobei diese Signalübertragungsstrecke zu einer Signalnutzungs- und/oder Signalweiterverarbeitungseinrichtung führt. Es ist vorgesehen, dass die Signalübertragungsstrecke zwischen Modulator und Demodu- lator liegt. Der Konverter, der den Modulator und den Demodulator aufweist, wird demzufolge gewissermaßen zweigeteilt, wobei der Modulator dem Sensor zugeordnet ist, der Demodulator aber der Signalnutzungs- und/oder Signalweiterverarbeitungseinrichtung. Der Modulator liegt demzufolge auf einer Sendeseite der Signalübertragungsstrecke, der Demodulator auf einer Empfängerseite. Hierbei werden die Eigenschaften eines Sigma-Delta-Konverters (ADC) genutzt, der zwischen Modulator und Demodulator einen Bitstrom aufweist, der alle Informatio- nen des Signals in quasi binärer Form umfasst. Das Signal ließe sich beispielsweise mittels eines Tiefpassfilters jederzeit als Eingangssignal rekonstruieren. Der Modulator erster oder höherer Ordnung (Verstärker, Integrator, Komparator) und der Demodulator n-ter Ordnung (FIR- oder IIR-Filter) werden demzufolge baugruppenweise aufgetrennt, so dass der Bitstrom, wie er zur internen Wandlung verwendet wird, zur Signalübertragung über die Signalüberragungsstrecke verwendet werden kann. Hierdurch lassen sich die sendeseitigen und empfän- gerseitigen Interfaces, die zur Protokollwandlung verwendet werden, einsparen.For this purpose, a sensor device with a sensor, a converter, which has a modulator and a demodulator, and proposed with a signal transmission path, said signal transmission path leads to a Signalnutzungs- and / or signal processing device. It is envisaged that the signal transmission path lies between the modulator and the demodulator. The converter comprising the modulator and the demodulator is thus divided into two parts, the modulator being associated with the sensor, and the demodulator being the signal utilization and / or signal processing device. The modulator is therefore on a transmission side of the signal transmission path, the demodulator on a receiver side. Here, the properties of a sigma-delta converter (ADC) are used, which has a bitstream between the modulator and the demodulator, all the information includes the signal in quasi-binary form. The signal could be reconstructed at any time as an input signal, for example by means of a low-pass filter. The modulator of first or higher order (amplifier, integrator, comparator) and the demodulator n-th order (FIR or IIR filter) are therefore separated in groups, so that the bit stream, as it is used for internal conversion, for signal transmission over the Signal transmission path can be used. As a result, the transmission-side and receiver-side interfaces used for protocol conversion can be saved.
In einer Ausführungsform ist der Sensor ein Analogsensor. Es kommen alle imIn one embodiment, the sensor is an analog sensor. Everyone comes in
Stand der Technik bekannten Sensortypen in Betracht, die kontinuierliche Signale liefern, die von dem Analog-Digital-Konverter (ADC) in einen fortlaufenden Datenstrom umgewandelt werden können.Prior art known sensor types that provide continuous signals that can be converted by the analog-to-digital converter (ADC) into a continuous data stream.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist der Sensor ein Hall-Sensor. Dieser insbesondere in der Kraftfahrzeugtechnik weit verbreitete Sensortyp ist in besonderer Weise geeignet, in einer erfindungsgemäßen Sensoreinrichtung betrieben zu werden. Ebenfalls in Betracht kommen sogenannte AMR-, GMR- und TMR-Sensoren.In a preferred embodiment, the sensor is a Hall sensor. This type of sensor, which is widely used, in particular, in motor vehicle technology, is particularly suitable for being operated in a sensor device according to the invention. Also suitable are so-called AMR, GMR and TMR sensors.
In einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist der Sensor ein Absolutwinkelsensor für ein Magnetfeld. Ein solcher Absolutwinkelsensor kann einen Magnetfeldvektor direkt bestimmen. In besonders vorteilhafter weise und ohne umfangreiche Beschaltung lässt er sich insbesondere im Kfz-Bereich vorteilhaft ein- setzen.In a particularly preferred embodiment, the sensor is an absolute angle sensor for a magnetic field. Such an absolute angle sensor can directly determine a magnetic field vector. In a particularly advantageous manner and without extensive wiring, it can be used particularly advantageously in the automotive sector.
In einer Ausführungsform sendet der Modulator über die Signalübertragungsstrecke einen unipolaren und/oder bipolaren Bitstrom zum Demodulator. Der Bitstrom kann als unipolarer oder auch als bipolarer Bitstrom ausgekoppelt werden, beispielsweise auch differentiell. Die differentielle Übertragung reduziert dieIn one embodiment, the modulator sends a unipolar and / or bipolar bitstream to the demodulator via the signal transmission path. The bitstream can be decoupled as a unipolar or as a bipolar bitstream, for example also differentially. The differential transmission reduces the
Emission hochfrequenter Signale, insbesondere Hochpegelsignale, und verbessert dadurch die EMV-Verträglichkeit. Ein solcher Bitstrom kann sehr sicher auch über längere Strecken übertragen werden, ohne an Qualität zu verlieren, insbesondere sind Flankenverschleifungen unerheblich, weil nur die Verhältnisse von Puls und Pulspause zu einem signifikanten Wert gewandelt werden. Fehler derEmission of high-frequency signals, in particular high-level signals, thereby improving the EMC compatibility. Such a bit stream can be transmitted over longer distances without loss of quality, in particular edge flurries are immaterial, because only the ratios of pulse and pulse pause are converted to a significant value. Error of
Kurvenform, insbesondere auch Oberwellen, sind nicht dominant und daher von nur sehr geringem Einfluss. Gerade in der Automobiltechnik ist eine solche störsichere Übertragung besonders vorteilhaft, weil in der Automobiltechnik Übertragungswege sicher und zuverlässig auch unter sehr ungünstigen und widrigen Umweltbedingungen arbeiten müssen.Waveforms, especially harmonics, are not dominant and therefore of only very little influence. Especially in the automotive industry, such interference-proof transmission is particularly advantageous because in the automotive industry transmission paths must work safely and reliably even under very unfavorable and adverse environmental conditions.
Weiter wird ein Verfahren vorgeschlagen zur Übertragung eines Signals einer Sensoreinrichtung über eine Signalübertragungsstrecke zu einer Signalnutzungs- und/oder Signalweiterverarbeitungseinrichtung, wobei die Sensoreinrichtung einen Sensor sowie einen Modulator und einen Demodulator aufweisenden Kon- verter aufweist. Dabei ist vorgesehen, dass die Signalübertragung zwischen Modulator und Demodulator erfolgt. Die Signalübertragungsstrecke wird demzufolge zwischen dem Modulator einerseits als Senderseite und dem Demodulator andererseits als Empfängerseite ausgebildet. Zwischen dem Modulator und dem Demodulator wird das Signal als Bitstrom übertragen, bei dem lediglich die Verhält- nisse von Puls und Pulspause zu einer Wandlung zu einem signifikanten Wert herangezogen werden, wobei Fehler der Kurvenform und Verschleifungen der Flanken, wie sie auf längeren Signalübertragungsstrecken vorkommen können, unerheblich sind.Furthermore, a method is proposed for transmitting a signal of a sensor device via a signal transmission path to a signal utilization and / or signal processing device, the sensor device having a sensor and a modulator and a demodulator having converter. It is provided that the signal transmission between modulator and demodulator takes place. The signal transmission path is therefore formed between the modulator on the one hand as a transmitter side and the demodulator on the other hand as a receiver side. Between the modulator and the demodulator, the signal is transmitted as a bit stream, in which only the ratios of pulse and pulse pause are used for a conversion to a significant value, wherein errors of the waveform and edge flurries, as they can occur on longer signal transmission distances , are negligible.
Weitere vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen und aus Kombinationen derselben.Further advantageous embodiments will become apparent from the dependent claims and combinations thereof.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand eines Beispiels näher erläutert, ohne aber hierauf beschränkt zu sein.The invention is explained in more detail below by means of an example, but without being limited thereto.
Es zeigenShow it
Figur 1 einen typischen Sigma-Delta-Wandler mit seinen Funktionsblöcken;FIG. 1 shows a typical sigma-delta converter with its function blocks;
Figur 2 eine Signalübertragungsstrecke mit senderseitigem Modulator und emp- fängerseitigem Demodulator und2 shows a signal transmission path with transmitter-side modulator and receiver-side demodulator and
Figur 3 beispielhaft einen bipolaren Bitstrom eines solchen Sigma-Delta-FIG. 3 shows by way of example a bipolar bit stream of such a sigma-delta
Wandlers in Abhängigkeit eines zur Verdeutlichung grafisch überlager- ten Eingangssignal. Figur 1 zeigt eine Darstellung eines typischen Sigma-Delta-Wandlers 1 in Funktionsblöcken 2, nämlich einem Differenzverstärker 3, an dem eingangsseitig ein analoges Eingangssignal 4 anliegt, eine Integrator 5 und einem Komparator θ sowie einem 1 -Bit-DAC 7, wobei ausgangsseitig des Komparators 6 und aus- gangsseitig des 1 -Bit-DAC 7 jeweils ein Bitstrom 8 anliegt, nämlich ausgangsseitig des Komparators 6 ein unipolarer Bitstrom 9 und ausgangsseitig des 1 -Bit- DAC 7 ein bipolarer Bitstrom 10. Der unipolare Bitstrom 9 durchläuft hier ein FIR-Filter 1 1 , das ein paralleles Datensignal 12 liefert. Das FIR-Filter 1 1 kann hier als Demodulator 14 und der 1 -Bit-DAC 7 als Modulator 13 hinsichtlich des analogen Engangssignals 4 bzw. des parallelen Datensignal 12 gesehen werden, wodurch das analoge Eingangssignal 4 als paralleles Datensignals 12 an einem anderen Ort als der Entstehung des analogen Eingangssignals 4 zur Datenweiterverarbeitung bereitgestellt wird.Converter as a function of a graphically superimposed input signal for clarification. 1 shows a representation of a typical sigma-delta converter 1 in function blocks 2, namely a differential amplifier 3, on the input side, an analog input signal 4 is present, an integrator 5 and a comparator θ and a 1-bit DAC 7, the output side of the Comparator 6 and the output side of the 1-bit DAC 7 each a bit stream 8 is applied, namely the output side of the comparator 6, a unipolar bitstream 9 and the output side of the 1-bit DAC 7 a bipolar bitstream 10. The unipolar bitstream 9 passes through here a FIR Filter 1 1, which provides a parallel data signal 12. The FIR filter 1 1 can be seen here as a demodulator 14 and the 1-bit DAC 7 as a modulator 13 with respect to the analog input signal 4 and the parallel data signal 12, whereby the analog input signal 4 as a parallel data signal 12 at a location other than the formation of the analog input signal 4 is provided for data processing.
Figur 2 zeigt den in Figur 1 beschriebenen 1 -Bit-DAC 7 als Modulator 13 in einem integrierten Sensorbaustein 15, wobei ein in dem integrierten Sensorbaustein 15 neben dem Modulator 13 ein Sensor 16, nämlich ein Absolutwinkelsensor 17 angeordnet ist. Ausgangsseitig des Modulators 13 steht ein Bitstrom 8, nämlich ein unipolarer Bitstrom 9 zur Verfügung, der über eine Signalübertra- gungsstrecke 18 als Signal 19 zu einer Signalnutzungs- und/oder Signalweiterverarbeitungseinrichtung 20 übertragen wird, die beispielsweise als Steuergerät 21 für ein nicht dargestelltes Kraftfahrzeug ausgebildet ist. Die Signalnutzungs- und/oder Signalweiterverarbeitungseinrichtung 20 weist den Demodulator 14 sowie einen Mikrokontroller 22 auf, der das von dem Sensor 16 gelieferte analoge Eingangssignal 4 in der demodulierten Form als paralleles Datensignal 12 weiterverarbeitet. Die Signalübertragungsstrecke 18 kann hierbei als Leiterbahn oder als sonstige, geeignete Leiterverbindung elektrischer oder optischer Art ausgebildet sein. Durch die sehr hohe Störsicherheit des Signals aufgrund seiner Eigenschaft, als Bitstrom lediglich über die Verhältnisse von Puls und Pulspause ausgewertet zu werden, kann die Signalübertragungsstrecke 18 sehr lang sein und auch unter ungünstigen Betriebsbedingungen betrieben werden.FIG. 2 shows the 1-bit DAC 7 described in FIG. 1 as modulator 13 in an integrated sensor module 15, wherein a sensor 16, namely an absolute-angle sensor 17, is arranged in the integrated sensor module 15 next to the modulator 13. On the output side of the modulator 13 there is a bit stream 8, namely a unipolar bit stream 9, which is transmitted via a signal transmission path 18 as a signal 19 to a signal utilization and / or signal processing device 20, which for example is designed as a control device 21 for a motor vehicle, not shown is. The signal utilization and / or signal processing device 20 has the demodulator 14 and a microcontroller 22, which further processes the analog input signal 4 supplied by the sensor 16 in the demodulated form as a parallel data signal 12. In this case, the signal transmission path 18 can be designed as a conductor track or as another suitable conductor connection of electrical or optical type. Due to the very high interference immunity of the signal due to its property to be evaluated as a bitstream only on the conditions of pulse and pulse pause, the signal transmission path 18 can be very long and can also be operated under unfavorable operating conditions.
Figur 3 zeigt beispielhaft einen bipolaren Bitstrom 10, abgetragen über die Zeitachse t und mit einer Amplitude A, wobei zur Verdeutlichung das korrespondie- rende analoge Eingangssignal mitabgetragen ist. Es ist erkennbar, dass über dieFIG. 3 shows, by way of example, a bipolar bit stream 10, plotted over the time axis t and having an amplitude A, wherein the corresponding analog input signal is also included for clarification purposes. It is recognizable that over the
Periode des analogen Eingangssignals 4 eine Umsetzung des analogen Ein- gangssignals 4 vermittels Pulsweite w und Pulspause p erfolgt. Sowohl Pulspause p als auch Pulsweite w sind direkt über die Zeit t darstellbar, wobei ein Puls wie im dargestellten Beispiel bipolar ist, also Werte von +1 oder -1 haben kann. Auf diese Weise ist eine sehr sichere Datenübertragung auch über lange Signal- Übertragungsstrecken 18 (vgl. Figur 2) möglich, da sich die Zeit t über verfügbare, hochgenaue Zeitbasen außerordentlich genau reproduzieren lässt. Der Ein- fluss gegen Störsignale ist sehr gering, ebenso treten Effekte wie Flankenver- schleifung und Fehlen der Kurvenform, insbesondere Oberwellen, nicht störend in Erscheinung. Period of the analog input signal 4 a conversion of the analog input output signal 4 by means of pulse width w and pulse p p takes place. Both pulse pause p and pulse width w can be represented directly over the time t, with a pulse being bipolar as in the example shown, that is, having values of +1 or -1. In this way, a very secure data transmission over long signal transmission links 18 (see Figure 2) is possible, since the time t can be reproduced extremely well over available, highly accurate time bases. The influence against interference signals is very low, as are effects such as edge smoothing and absence of the curve shape, in particular harmonics, not disturbing in appearance.

Claims

Ansprüche claims
1 . Sensoreinrichtung mit einem Sensor (16), einem Konverter, der einen Modulator (13) und einen Demodulator (14) aufweist, und mit einer Signalübertragungsstrecke (18), die zu einer Signalnutzungs- und/oder Signalweiterverar- beitungseinrichtung (20) führt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Signalübertragungsstrecke (18) zwischen Modulator (13) und Demodulator (14) liegt.1 . Sensor device with a sensor (16), a converter, which has a modulator (13) and a demodulator (14), and with a signal transmission path (18), which leads to a Signalnutzungs- and / or Signalweiterverar- processing means (20), characterized in that the signal transmission path (18) lies between the modulator (13) and the demodulator (14).
2. Sensoreinrichtung nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Sensor (16) ein Analogsensor ist.2. Sensor device according to claim 1, characterized in that the sensor (16) is an analog sensor.
3. Sensoreinrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Sensor (16) ein Hall-Sensor ist.3. Sensor device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sensor (16) is a Hall sensor.
4. Sensoreinrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Sensor (16) ein Absolutwinkelsensor (17) für ein Magnetfeld ist.4. Sensor device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sensor (16) is an absolute angle sensor (17) for a magnetic field.
5. Sensoreinrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Modulator (13) über die Signalübertragungsstrecke (18) einen unipolaren und/oder bipolaren Bitstrom (8, 9, 10) zum Demodulator (14) sendet.5. Sensor device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the modulator (13) via the signal transmission path (18) sends a unipolar and / or bipolar bitstream (8, 9, 10) to the demodulator (14).
6. Verfahren zur Übertragung eines Signals einer Sensoreinrichtung, die einen Sensor sowie einen Modulator und einen Demodulator aufweisenden Konverter aufweist, über eine Signalübertragungsstrecke zu einer Signalnutzungs- und/oder Signalweiterverarbeitungseinrichtung, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Signalübertragung zwischen Modulator und Demodulator erfolgt. 6. A method for transmitting a signal of a sensor device having a sensor and a modulator and a demodulator having converter, via a signal transmission path to a signal utilization and / or signal processing device, characterized in that the signal transmission between the modulator and the demodulator takes place.
PCT/EP2009/065603 2009-01-22 2009-11-23 Sensor device and method for transmitting a signal between a sensor device and a signal processing device WO2010083908A1 (en)

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US4706703A (en) * 1985-06-24 1987-11-17 Tokyo Keiki Company Limited Fluid control valve
GB2270240A (en) * 1992-08-28 1994-03-02 Inst Francais Du Petrole Digitised transmission of signals
EP1471332A1 (en) * 2003-04-17 2004-10-27 Dialog Semiconductor GmbH Digital interface for an angular sensor

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4706703A (en) * 1985-06-24 1987-11-17 Tokyo Keiki Company Limited Fluid control valve
GB2270240A (en) * 1992-08-28 1994-03-02 Inst Francais Du Petrole Digitised transmission of signals
EP1471332A1 (en) * 2003-04-17 2004-10-27 Dialog Semiconductor GmbH Digital interface for an angular sensor

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