WO2010043542A1 - Arrangement for spark plug connection with ignition coil - Google Patents

Arrangement for spark plug connection with ignition coil Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010043542A1
WO2010043542A1 PCT/EP2009/063116 EP2009063116W WO2010043542A1 WO 2010043542 A1 WO2010043542 A1 WO 2010043542A1 EP 2009063116 W EP2009063116 W EP 2009063116W WO 2010043542 A1 WO2010043542 A1 WO 2010043542A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
spark plug
casing
ignition coil
coil
arrangement according
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2009/063116
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Dean Russel Hudson
Original Assignee
Delphi Technologies, Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Delphi Technologies, Inc. filed Critical Delphi Technologies, Inc.
Publication of WO2010043542A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010043542A1/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
    • H01T13/02—Details
    • H01T13/04—Means providing electrical connection to sparking plugs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
    • H01T13/40—Sparking plugs structurally combined with other devices
    • H01T13/44—Sparking plugs structurally combined with other devices with transformers, e.g. for high-frequency ignition

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to connection systems for spark plugs and ignition coils when mounted in an internal combustion engine.
  • the traditional ignition system consists of a spark plug acting as an electrical feed into a combustion chamber of a gasoline engine, providing concentrated thermal energy release, in the form of a spark, to initiate the combustion.
  • a conventional transformer is used, incorporating electronics to condition and to feed energy from the electrical network in vehicles (Battery, Generator).
  • a resonance based ignition system comprises of a resonator (2), a generator (1) and heat release interface (3).
  • the resonance structure is operated beneficially under ISM (Industrial Scientific and Medical) radio bands, which were originally reserved internationally for the use of RF electromagnetic fields for industrial, scientific and medical purposes other than communications.
  • ISM frequencies 13,56MHz, 27,12MHz, 40,68MHz.
  • connection system generally used for connecting the ignition coil to the spark plug is not always satisfying because of lack of robustness and lack of reliability, particularly for high frequency ignition coil applications.
  • the present invention provides a connection arrangement as disclosed in the following description and in the claims below.
  • the spark plug comprises a casing to be mounted in a cylinder head of the engine and to be connected electrically to the ground, and a centre electrode extending through out the casing from a lower end to an upper end to be connected to an ignition coil, wherein said ignition coil comprises a first terminal interface for electrical connection of the coil to said centre electrode and an outer shield, characterized in that the ignition coil comprises a second terminal interface at the lower end of the outer shield for electrical connection of the outer shield to the casing, and that the casing has an adapted earth terminal profile complementary to the second terminal interface in order to ensure a good electrical contact between the outer shield and the casing.
  • connection arrangement according to the invention gives maximum terminal contact in a robust state between the spark plug and the resonator coil. In addition it acts as a latching device retaining the resonator to the spark plug. A controlled push-on pull-off force is also possible, designed into the spring coil electrical connector.
  • the outer shield is plugged onto the casing through at least one spring loaded terminal interface;
  • the spring loaded terminal interface comprises a donut shaped canted coil spring;
  • the ignition coil has a terminal housing lodging internally said canted coil spring which is radially pressed against the spark plug;
  • the upper end portion of the casing comprises an annular cylindrical portion with an outer profile adapted for optimizing electrical contact with said canted coil spring;
  • the spring loaded terminal interface forms a latch for axial retention of the ignition coil onto the spark plug.
  • - figure 1 is a bloc-diagram showing a resonance based ignition system
  • - figure 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a spring loaded electrical interface between the centre electrode of a spark plug and an ignition coil according to a preferred embodiment of the invention
  • - figure 3 is a side view showing the spring loaded electrical interface of figure 2
  • - figure 4 is a side view showing the spark plug of figure 2 with a canted coils spring mounted on the centre electrode and a special profile earth terminal according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a cross sectional view showing a spring loaded electrical interface between the ignition coil and the earth terminal of the spark plug of figure 4 according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a side view showing in parallel a standard spark plug and the spark plug of figure 4.
  • a resonance based ignition system comprises a resonator 2, a generator 1 and a heat release interface 3, as shown on figure 1.
  • This invention is based on the resonator 2 interfacing with the heat release interface 3 at the centre electrode of the spark plug and/or at the earth side of the electrical system.
  • the spark plug (release interface) centre electrode 4 can be of standard or modified form.
  • the terminal cap 5 of the spark plug is of standard form and provides a contact area for the spring loaded electrical connector 6, and also acts as part of the latching mechanism, maintaining constant electrical contact.
  • the electrical connector 6 is made up of a coil spring 7 in the form of a donut.
  • the coils are canted, and compression forces are perpendicular to the centreline of the spark plug which distorts the coil spring connector in a radial direction, but does not change the height of the coil spring connector thus rendering the profile of the spring oval in shape, as shown on figure 2.
  • This conductive interface maintains a near constant force around the centre electrode terminal cap of the spark plug. It allows the spring to compensate for out of round mating surfaces thus accuracy of the mating parts are not of major priority. It compensates for wide temperature variables without significant change in form. It maximizes contact with mating surfaces offering a reliable, and durable conductive interface. It has a good resistance to vibration under dynamic loads. It is easily connected and disconnected, capable of many connect and disconnect cycles.
  • This spring loaded electrical connector also acts as a latching device between the resonator 2 and the spark plug 3. The spring loaded connector can be designed to accommodate given push-on pull-off loads.
  • the spring coil electrical connector interfaces with the terminal housing 8.
  • the terminal housing is made of copper or steel having a copper coating of sufficient thickness to supply the required conductivity.
  • the terminal housing is formed in such a way as to house and retain the spring coil electrical connector, yet give good surface contact and to allow the spring coil electrical connector to deform under applied force.
  • the terminal housing offers up the spring coil connector to the centre electrode of the spark plug, for electric transfer and latch retention.
  • the terminal housing is in turn weld connected to the resonator coil assembly 2 to complete the circuit.
  • the terminal housing has a substantially cylindrical shape with a radial surface 17 at its upper end to be affixed to the ignition coil lower end.
  • the lower end of the terminal housing forms an internal annular groove 18 for housing the canted coil spring.
  • the preferred embodiment of the earth terminal interface according to the present invention is described in connection with figures 4 to 6, which show a resonator 2 interfacing with the heat release interface 3 at the earth side of the electrical system.
  • the earth electrode 9, being part of the outer spark plug casing 10 has a modified profile 11 as outlined in figure 6, to interface with the resonator shield 12.
  • the spark plug (release interface) can be of standard or modified form prior to the addition of the modified earth terminal profile.
  • the earth terminal is an integral part of the metal (earth) portion of the outer spark plug casing. Its profile variation can be compared to a standard ISO M 12 size spark plug 13, as shown on figure 6.
  • the profile of the earth terminal provides a contact area which caters for axial linear stacked variation when the resonator 2 is attached to the spark plug.
  • the electrical connector is made up of a coil spring 14 in the form of a donut.
  • the coils are canted, and compression forces are perpendicular to the centreline of the spark plug which distorts the coil spring connector in a radial direction, but does not change the height of the coil spring connector thus rendering the profile of the spring oval in cross section, as shown on figure 5.
  • this conductive interface maintains a near constant force around the earth profile of the plug. It allows the spring to compensate for out of round mating surfaces thus accuracy of the mating parts are not of major priority. It compensates for wide temperature variables without significant change in form. It maximizes contact with mating surfaces offering a reliable, and durable conductive interface. It has a good resistance to vibration under dynamic loads. It is easily connected and disconnected, capable of many connection and disconnection cycles.
  • the spring coil electrical connector 15, above, interfaces with the outer shield of the resonator 2.
  • the inner part of the stainless steel shield having a copper coating of sufficient thickness to supply required conductivity.
  • the spark plug end of the shield is formed in such a way as to house and retain the spring coil electrical connector, yet give good surface contact and to allow the spring coil electrical connector to deform under applied force.
  • the spark plug end of the shield has an internal annular groove 16 which houses the canted coil spring 14.
  • the earth terminal interface according to the present invention and the centre electrode interface are combined in the same arrangement.
  • the earth terminal interface between the ignition coil and the spark plug could have different shapes. More particularly, the outer shield 12 could engage directly onto the earth terminal profile 11 of the casing 10. In such an embodiment, the outer shield 12 lower end would have a specific profile for allowing optimized electrical contact with the casing 10.

Abstract

Arrangement for the connection of a spark plug to an ignition coil of an internal combustion engine, characterized in that the ignition coil is plugged onto the spark plug through at least one spring loaded terminal interface which provides electric contact between a part of the ignition coil and a part of the spark plug.

Description

Arrangement for spark plug connection with ignition coil
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates generally to connection systems for spark plugs and ignition coils when mounted in an internal combustion engine.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The traditional ignition system consists of a spark plug acting as an electrical feed into a combustion chamber of a gasoline engine, providing concentrated thermal energy release, in the form of a spark, to initiate the combustion. A conventional transformer is used, incorporating electronics to condition and to feed energy from the electrical network in vehicles (Battery, Generator).
Future direct injection combustion systems are targeting stratified fuel injection, promising significant fuel reduction at low speed and partial load. These stratified gasoline mixtures tend to be difficult to ignite with existing ignition systems, mostly because of the limited energy and the very local distribution of the released heat of the spark itself.
Alternatives are intelligently controlled resonance structures which allow emitting heat over larger space, constant over time, and at extended time compared to existing ignition systems. These systems require at minimum, the resonance structure, and a driving generator. As shown on figure 1 , a resonance based ignition system comprises of a resonator (2), a generator (1) and heat release interface (3). The resonance structure is operated beneficially under ISM (Industrial Scientific and Medical) radio bands, which were originally reserved internationally for the use of RF electromagnetic fields for industrial, scientific and medical purposes other than communications.
Beneficial but not exclusive are the following ISM frequencies: 13,56MHz, 27,12MHz, 40,68MHz.
It has been detected that the connection system generally used for connecting the ignition coil to the spark plug is not always satisfying because of lack of robustness and lack of reliability, particularly for high frequency ignition coil applications.
It is an objective of the present invention to provide an improved connection system in a simple and cost-effective way.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In order to reach the above mentioned objective, the present invention provides a connection arrangement as disclosed in the following description and in the claims below.
More particularly, it provides an arrangement for the connection of a spark plug to an ignition coil of an internal combustion engine, wherein the spark plug comprises a casing to be mounted in a cylinder head of the engine and to be connected electrically to the ground, and a centre electrode extending through out the casing from a lower end to an upper end to be connected to an ignition coil, wherein said ignition coil comprises a first terminal interface for electrical connection of the coil to said centre electrode and an outer shield, characterized in that the ignition coil comprises a second terminal interface at the lower end of the outer shield for electrical connection of the outer shield to the casing, and that the casing has an adapted earth terminal profile complementary to the second terminal interface in order to ensure a good electrical contact between the outer shield and the casing.
This new arrangement provides more reliability and more robustness. The connection arrangement according to the invention gives maximum terminal contact in a robust state between the spark plug and the resonator coil. In addition it acts as a latching device retaining the resonator to the spark plug. A controlled push-on pull-off force is also possible, designed into the spring coil electrical connector.
When this new arrangement is used in connection with the earth electrode, it maximizes terminal contact in a robust state to the resonator outer shield portion of the system completing the electrical circuit of the resonance structure.
According to other advantageous features of the present invention: - the outer shield is plugged onto the casing through at least one spring loaded terminal interface; - the spring loaded terminal interface comprises a donut shaped canted coil spring;
- the ignition coil has a terminal housing lodging internally said canted coil spring which is radially pressed against the spark plug; - the upper end portion of the casing comprises an annular cylindrical portion with an outer profile adapted for optimizing electrical contact with said canted coil spring;
- said annular cylindrical portion is delimited downwardly by a chamfer of increasing diameter towards the casing lower portion; - the ignition coil is plugged onto the upper end of the centre electrode of the spark plug through a spring loaded terminal interface;
- the spring loaded terminal interface forms a latch for axial retention of the ignition coil onto the spark plug.
Other advantages will be explained in the following description.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The present invention is now described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
- figure 1 is a bloc-diagram showing a resonance based ignition system; - figure 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a spring loaded electrical interface between the centre electrode of a spark plug and an ignition coil according to a preferred embodiment of the invention;
- figure 3 is a side view showing the spring loaded electrical interface of figure 2; - figure 4 is a side view showing the spark plug of figure 2 with a canted coils spring mounted on the centre electrode and a special profile earth terminal according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention;
- figure 5 is a cross sectional view showing a spring loaded electrical interface between the ignition coil and the earth terminal of the spark plug of figure 4 according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention;
- figure 6 is a side view showing in parallel a standard spark plug and the spark plug of figure 4. DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
A resonance based ignition system comprises a resonator 2, a generator 1 and a heat release interface 3, as shown on figure 1. This invention is based on the resonator 2 interfacing with the heat release interface 3 at the centre electrode of the spark plug and/or at the earth side of the electrical system.
The preferred embodiment of the present invention is described in connection with figures 2 to 6. The spark plug (release interface) centre electrode 4 can be of standard or modified form. The terminal cap 5 of the spark plug is of standard form and provides a contact area for the spring loaded electrical connector 6, and also acts as part of the latching mechanism, maintaining constant electrical contact.
The electrical connector 6 is made up of a coil spring 7 in the form of a donut. The coils are canted, and compression forces are perpendicular to the centreline of the spark plug which distorts the coil spring connector in a radial direction, but does not change the height of the coil spring connector thus rendering the profile of the spring oval in shape, as shown on figure 2.
The advantages of this conductive interface are that it maintains a near constant force around the centre electrode terminal cap of the spark plug. It allows the spring to compensate for out of round mating surfaces thus accuracy of the mating parts are not of major priority. It compensates for wide temperature variables without significant change in form. It maximizes contact with mating surfaces offering a reliable, and durable conductive interface. It has a good resistance to vibration under dynamic loads. It is easily connected and disconnected, capable of many connect and disconnect cycles. This spring loaded electrical connector also acts as a latching device between the resonator 2 and the spark plug 3. The spring loaded connector can be designed to accommodate given push-on pull-off loads.
An example of an electrical connector using a canted coil spring is disclosed in document WO 2006/124969 which is incorporated by reference. The spring coil electrical connector, above, interfaces with the terminal housing 8. The terminal housing is made of copper or steel having a copper coating of sufficient thickness to supply the required conductivity. The terminal housing is formed in such a way as to house and retain the spring coil electrical connector, yet give good surface contact and to allow the spring coil electrical connector to deform under applied force. Also the terminal housing offers up the spring coil connector to the centre electrode of the spark plug, for electric transfer and latch retention. The terminal housing is in turn weld connected to the resonator coil assembly 2 to complete the circuit.
In the embodiment shown, the terminal housing has a substantially cylindrical shape with a radial surface 17 at its upper end to be affixed to the ignition coil lower end. The lower end of the terminal housing forms an internal annular groove 18 for housing the canted coil spring. The preferred embodiment of the earth terminal interface according to the present invention is described in connection with figures 4 to 6, which show a resonator 2 interfacing with the heat release interface 3 at the earth side of the electrical system. The earth electrode 9, being part of the outer spark plug casing 10, has a modified profile 11 as outlined in figure 6, to interface with the resonator shield 12.
The spark plug (release interface) can be of standard or modified form prior to the addition of the modified earth terminal profile. The earth terminal is an integral part of the metal (earth) portion of the outer spark plug casing. Its profile variation can be compared to a standard ISO M 12 size spark plug 13, as shown on figure 6. The profile of the earth terminal provides a contact area which caters for axial linear stacked variation when the resonator 2 is attached to the spark plug.
The electrical connector is made up of a coil spring 14 in the form of a donut. The coils are canted, and compression forces are perpendicular to the centreline of the spark plug which distorts the coil spring connector in a radial direction, but does not change the height of the coil spring connector thus rendering the profile of the spring oval in cross section, as shown on figure 5.
The advantages of this conductive interface are that it maintains a near constant force around the earth profile of the plug. It allows the spring to compensate for out of round mating surfaces thus accuracy of the mating parts are not of major priority. It compensates for wide temperature variables without significant change in form. It maximizes contact with mating surfaces offering a reliable, and durable conductive interface. It has a good resistance to vibration under dynamic loads. It is easily connected and disconnected, capable of many connection and disconnection cycles.
The spring coil electrical connector 15, above, interfaces with the outer shield of the resonator 2. The inner part of the stainless steel shield having a copper coating of sufficient thickness to supply required conductivity. The spark plug end of the shield is formed in such a way as to house and retain the spring coil electrical connector, yet give good surface contact and to allow the spring coil electrical connector to deform under applied force. The spark plug end of the shield has an internal annular groove 16 which houses the canted coil spring 14. Advantageously, as shown on figure 4, the earth terminal interface according to the present invention and the centre electrode interface are combined in the same arrangement.
According to alternative embodiments of the present invention, the earth terminal interface between the ignition coil and the spark plug could have different shapes. More particularly, the outer shield 12 could engage directly onto the earth terminal profile 11 of the casing 10. In such an embodiment, the outer shield 12 lower end would have a specific profile for allowing optimized electrical contact with the casing 10.

Claims

1. Arrangement for the connection of a spark plug (3) to an ignition coil (2) of an internal combustion engine, wherein the spark plug (3) comprises a casing (10) to be mounted in a cylinder head of the engine and to be connected electrically to ground, and a centre electrode (4) extending through out the casing (10) from a lower end to an upper end to be connected to an ignition coil (2), wherein said ignition coil (2) comprises a first terminal interface (6) for electrical connection of the coil (2) to said centre electrode (4) and an outer shield (12), characterized in that the ignition coil (2) comprises a second terminal interface (15) at the lower end of the outer shield (12) for electrical connection of the outer shield (12) to the casing (10), and that the casing (10) has an adapted earth terminal profile (11) complementary to the second terminal interface (15) in order to ensure a good electrical contact between the outer shield (12) and the casing (10).
2. Arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer shield (12) is plugged onto the casing (10) through at least one spring loaded terminal interface (15).
3. Arrangement according to claim 2, characterized in that the spring loaded terminal interface (15) comprises a donut shaped canted coil spring (14).
4. Arrangement according to claim 3, characterized in that the ignition coil (2) has a terminal housing (16) lodging internally said canted coil spring (14) which is radially pressed against the spark plug earth terminal profile (11).
5. Arrangement according to claim 4, characterized in that the upper end portion of the casing (10) comprises an annular cylindrical portion with an outer profile (11) adapted for optimizing electrical contact with said canted coil spring (14).
6. Arrangement according to claim 5, characterized in that said annular cylindrical portion is delimited downwardly by a chamfer of increasing diameter towards the casing lower portion.
7. Arrangement according to anyone of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ignition coil (2) is plugged onto the upper end of the centre electrode (4) of the spark plug (3) through a spring loaded terminal interface (6).
8. Arrangement according to anyone of the preceding claims taken in combination with claim 2 or claim 7, characterized in that the spring loaded terminal interface ( 6) forms a latch for axial retention of the ignition coil (2) onto the spark plug (3).
PCT/EP2009/063116 2008-10-13 2009-10-08 Arrangement for spark plug connection with ignition coil WO2010043542A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP08166513 2008-10-13
EP08166513.5 2008-10-13

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2010043542A1 true WO2010043542A1 (en) 2010-04-22

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PCT/EP2009/063117 WO2010043543A1 (en) 2008-10-13 2009-10-08 Arrangement for spark plug centre electrode connection with ignition coil

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8471448B2 (en) 2010-08-17 2013-06-25 Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. High-frequency plasma spark plug

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102012101300B3 (en) 2012-02-17 2013-04-18 Nuclear Cargo + Service Gmbh Locking device for containers for transporting radioactive substances
DE102015201167B3 (en) 2015-01-23 2016-06-23 Ford Global Technologies, Llc A spark plug for initiating combustion in a cylinder of an internal combustion engine and method for operating such a spark plug

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH152679A (en) * 1931-01-19 1932-02-15 Lucien Challand Etablissements Connection device between a conductor and a spark plug.
US20040025854A1 (en) * 2002-08-08 2004-02-12 Tetsuya Miwa Ignition device for an internal combustion engine
EP1662626A1 (en) * 2004-11-29 2006-05-31 Renault New mounting method of a spark plug and bobbin assembly using a transmission of the tightning couple through the bobbin housing
WO2006124969A2 (en) * 2005-05-19 2006-11-23 Bal Seal Engineering Co., Inc. Electrical connector with embedded canted coil spring

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR510537A (en) * 1919-08-20 1920-12-06 Jules Louis Platel Spark plug wire tie
US1505531A (en) * 1920-02-19 1924-08-19 Gen Motors Corp Flexible terminal for ignition wires
GB191275A (en) * 1921-12-24 1923-01-11 John William Voce Thurgood A new or improved terminal for electric wires or cables
DE10314063B4 (en) * 2003-03-28 2005-12-15 Audi Ag Attachable pencil ignition coil

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH152679A (en) * 1931-01-19 1932-02-15 Lucien Challand Etablissements Connection device between a conductor and a spark plug.
US20040025854A1 (en) * 2002-08-08 2004-02-12 Tetsuya Miwa Ignition device for an internal combustion engine
EP1662626A1 (en) * 2004-11-29 2006-05-31 Renault New mounting method of a spark plug and bobbin assembly using a transmission of the tightning couple through the bobbin housing
WO2006124969A2 (en) * 2005-05-19 2006-11-23 Bal Seal Engineering Co., Inc. Electrical connector with embedded canted coil spring

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8471448B2 (en) 2010-08-17 2013-06-25 Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. High-frequency plasma spark plug

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