WO2009149992A1

WO2009149992A1 - Burner system having at least one burner

Info

Publication number: WO2009149992A1
Application number: PCT/EP2009/055340
Authority: WO
Inventors: Horst Uwe Rauh; Carsten Bassmann; Ulrich Wagner
Original assignee: Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date: 2008-06-09
Filing date: 2009-05-04
Publication date: 2009-12-17
Also published as: TW201009183A

Abstract

A burner system (100) comprises at least one burner (102) for burning fuel and a fuel feed system (104) having at least one fuel line (106) through which fuel can be fed to the burner (102) and in which a shut-off means (108) is arranged, with which the fuel line (106) can be selectively shut off and which can be externally actuated for shut-off purposes. According to the invention, an auxiliary line (118) for feeding a fluid auxiliary medium (120) to the shut-off member (108) is provided, and the shut-off member (108) is adapted so as to be actuated by the fed auxiliary medium (120).

Description

description

Burner system with at least one burner

The present invention relates to a burner system having at least one burner for burning fuel and a fuel supply system with at least one fuel line, through which fuel can be supplied to the burner and in which a shut-off is arranged, with which the fuel line is selectively shut off and which is externally operable to lock , Furthermore, the invention relates to a gas turbine with such a burner system.

In gas turbines burner systems exist with usually several burners for burning fuel. For fuel to be supplied, a fuel line is mounted per burner. In the fuel line, a shut-off valve is arranged, with which the fuel line can be optionally shut off. This obturator is mounted close to the burner, i. at a maximum distance of 2 m (meters) to the burner or burner connection. The obturator must be mounted close to the burner, because it should prevent the backflow of flue gas generated in the burner or in the combustion chamber in the fuel line. Likewise, it should in some applications the entry of flushing medium from the

Prevent fuel line in the burner. In known systems there are shut-off devices that are externally controlled by electricity. Such, operated by electrical external control shut-off, however, have a high failure rate due to the high temperature load in the vicinity of the burner.

In gas turbine supply systems, burner-near shut-off devices exist for each burner and each burner stage, which are intended to prevent a backflow of flue gas generated in the combustion chamber into the fuel lines or fuel feed lines or the entry of flushing medium from the fuel feed lines into the burners. The present invention has for its object to improve the shut-off situation in fuel lines, so that it is safer and at the same time also cheaper.

This object is achieved with a burner system according to claim 1 and a gas turbine according to claim 9. Advantageous developments of the solution according to the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

According to the invention, a burner system is provided with at least one burner for burning fuel and a fuel supply system with at least one fuel line, through which fuel can be supplied to the burner and in which a shut-off device is arranged, with which the fuel line is selectively shut off and which is externally operable to lock and in which an auxiliary line for supplying a fluid auxiliary medium to the obturator is provided and the obturator is adapted to be actuated by the supplied auxiliary medium.

Compared to the known external electrical control according to the invention, the operation of the burner near the shut-off devices is no longer dependent on electricity. This initially has the decisive advantage that almost no failures of the drives of the shut-off devices can be caused by high temperatures. Another advantage results from the fact that in a power failure, the operation of the shut-off by auxiliary medium as before z. B. is ensured by means of a simple pressure accumulator.

Although there are also known systems in which the respective obturator has a self-medium-controlled drive, z. B. in the form of a non-return valve. This means that the obturator is actuated by the autogenous pressure of the medium flowing through (fuel or flushing medium) and a possible spring. However, the drive is dependent on the operating state of the burner or the gas turbine. It can Operating cases exist in which the autogenous pressure and a possible spring are not sufficient for safe closing. By the inventive third control means of a fluid auxiliary medium, however, the actuation of the shut-off valves is also completely independent of the operating state of the burner or the gas turbine possible.

In a first advantageous development, a burner system is provided in which at least one actuating element is provided in the auxiliary line, by means of which optional auxiliary medium can be introduced into the auxiliary line and which is arranged farther away from the burner than the shut-off element. The actuating element can be designed in the form of a control valve. It may be in other words in the auxiliary line of the temperature-sensitive areas far away at a distance from the burner, for. B. greater than 5 m (meters) may be appropriate. The temperatures at such a large distance are much lower than close to the burner. As a result, the shut-off is less susceptible to interference, such. B. in the electrical drives in the vicinity of the shut-off. Thus, temperature-loaded shut-off valves can be safely operated.

According to a second advantageous embodiment is a

Burner system provided in which at least one branch of the auxiliary line is provided in the flow direction behind the actuating element, by means of the auxiliary medium, a further obturator can be actuated. Thus, a plurality of shut-off elements can be actuated simultaneously by an actuating element. In other words, one burner each, one fuel line, one shut-off element and one auxiliary line each are combined into one burner channel. As a result of the arrangement in the second advantageous development, a plurality of burner channels can be activated at the same time. This brings the advantage of cost savings, because at the same time actuated by only one action several shut-off valves or burner channels can be controlled. at Incidents, a faster response is possible than with individual drives. Individual drives could also fail individually, which would have undesirable effects, such. B. a thermal unbalance in the burner system of the gas turbine. The solution according to the invention brings here the further advantage that such a temperature unbalance can not arise, since at the same time several shut-off devices can be safely operated.

According to a third advantageous embodiment, a burner system is provided in which X burners are combined with the associated X shut-off valves to a burner stage and Y burner stages and Y actuators are provided and in which in the auxiliary line in the flow direction before the first

Actuator Y-I branches of the auxiliary line and thus Y auxiliary lines are provided, in each of which an actuating element is provided and in which in the Y auxiliary lines in the flow direction after the respective actuating element X-I branches of the respective

Auxiliary line corresponding to the number X of the burner of a burner stage are provided, so that X per auxiliary burner stage X auxiliary lines are connected to a single associated actuator (X = 1, 2, 3 ...; Y = 1, 2, 3 ...). In other words, here are each a certain number of burners with the associated

Combined fuel lines, shut-off devices and auxiliary cables, each to a burner stage. This burner stage is assigned a single actuator. Thus, all the shut-off elements of an entire burner stage can be actuated simultaneously by an actuating element. Several burner stages can be tuned to each other by actuation of the respectively associated individual actuating elements (possibly also simultaneously). This allows a more efficient and needs-based control than in known methods. In the case of incidents, it is possible to react more quickly. According to a fourth advantageous development, a burner system is provided in which X burners with the associated X shut-off valves are combined to form a burner stage and Y burner stages are provided with an actuating element in the auxiliary line and YI

Branches of the auxiliary line in the flow direction after the actuator and in which of these YI branches are respectively provided according to the number X of the burner of a burner stage XI branches of the respective auxiliary line, so that all auxiliary lines of all burner stages are connected to a single associated actuator (X = 1, 2 , 3 ...; Y = I, 2, 3, ...). If the number X of burners per burner stage is the same in all Y burner stages, then X times Y auxiliary lines are attached, otherwise Xi + X2 + X3 auxiliary lines are attached. Where Xi is the number of burners in the first burner stage, X2 is the number of burners in the second burner stage and X _{3 is} the number of burners in the third burner stage. In other words, a specific number of burners with the corresponding ones are formulated here

Combined fuel lines, shut-off devices and auxiliary cables, each to a burner stage. There are several burner stages before, where a total of a single actuator is assigned. Thus, all burner stages can be actuated simultaneously by an actuating element, whereby a thermal load in the burner system of the gas turbine is avoided. In the case of incidents, in turn, it is possible to react more quickly.

According to a fifth advantageous development, a burner system is provided in which auxiliary medium is present in the auxiliary line and the auxiliary medium is formed with water and / or the auxiliary medium is formed with oil. This means that the auxiliary medium is incompressible and safe to handle.

According to a sixth advantageous development, a burner system is provided in which in the auxiliary line Auxiliary medium is present and the auxiliary medium is formed with an inert gas and / or the auxiliary medium is formed with air. This means that the auxiliary medium is compressible. The air is preferably from the environment, which makes a particularly cost-effective application possible.

In other words, a particularly safe operation of active shut-off valves or working valves by a control with auxiliary medium, for. As water, hydraulic oil, air reached.

According to a seventh advantageous development, a burner system is provided in which a pressure generator for generating fuel pressure in the fuel line is provided and a pressure generator for generating auxiliary pressure is provided in the auxiliary line, the auxiliary pressure always greater than or equal to a predetermined minimum pressure for switching the obturator even if the fuel pressure is lower than this minimum pressure. Thus, the shut-off can be safely operated regardless of the operating state. Advantageously, the auxiliary pressure can be selected so that the overcoming of the highest possible fuel pressure or fuel delivery pressure in the respective operating state can always be guaranteed.

One could also say that the invention relates to the common control of several burner near shut-off valves or fuel supply valves in gas turbines. Conventional shut-off devices, for example valves, can have different conventional drives: individual drives (ball valve, etc.) or self-medium-controlled drives (controlled by the medium flowing through the shut-off device, eg check valves). The disadvantages of the conventional drives are: Individual drives can fail individually, which would have undesirable effects, eg. B.

Thermal load in the gas turbine combustion chamber. Electrically controlled shut-off valves or valves also have near the burners because of the high temperature load a high failure rate. In the case of self-medium-controlled drives, operating cases may exist in which self-pressure and a possible spring are not sufficient for safe closure.

The inventive solution a safe operation of the shut-off valves or active valves is achieved by a control with auxiliary medium.

According to the invention, a fuel supply system or

A fuel system for a gas turbine provided with a system of supply lines to lead fuel from a fuel source to one or more burners or fuel from a fuel source to one or more burner stages of one or more burners, wherein in at least one of the leads near the burner or the burner stage a shut-off valve or working valve is arranged to prevent backflow of flue gas generated in the combustion chamber in the supply lines or to prevent the ingress of flushing medium from the supply lines into the burner and in which the obturator by an auxiliary medium can be controlled. In an advantageous development of such a fuel system is provided in which the auxiliary medium is compressible, preferably air or an inert gas. In a further alternative or additional advantageous development, such a fuel system is provided in which the auxiliary medium is not compressible, preferably water, oil or hydraulic oil. In an advantageous development, such a fuel system is further provided with an actuating element or control valve or with a plurality of actuators or control valves for controlling and adjusting the shut-off, wherein the actuating elements by one or more auxiliary lines or control lines for the auxiliary medium with one or more of the shut-off are connected and arranged in a much lower temperature-loaded area than the shut-off. Thus, according to the invention in fuel supply systems in burner systems of gas turbines, a safe actuation of burner-near shut-off valves or active valves, preferably up to max. 2 m distance to the burner or burner connection achieved by the control with auxiliary medium, z. B. with water, hydraulic oil, air. This control can be done simultaneously for all shut-off valves or working valves of a burner stage. In this case, the actuating element or control valve can be mounted far away from the temperature-stressed areas (distance to the burner preferably greater than 5 m). Alternatively or in addition, it is also possible in certain applications to control all burner stages at the same time, for example when all shut-off valves or valves have to be closed simultaneously. The pressure in the auxiliary line or

Control line can be chosen so that the overcoming of the highest possible fuel delivery pressure in the respective operating state can always be guaranteed. The invention is thus a safe

Actuation of temperature-loaded shut-off valves or active valves regardless of the operating state of the gas turbine possible, as well as the simultaneous control of multiple burner channels or burner stages via an actuating element or control valve or actuation valve.

The invention with reference to two, shown in the accompanying schematic drawings embodiments will be explained in more detail. It shows:

1 is a schematic diagram of a burner system according to the prior art with externally controlled shut-off valves, in this case ball valves,

2 is a schematic diagram of a burner system according to the prior art with self-medium-controlled shut-off valves, present check valves, Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a first embodiment according to the invention, in which all shut-off a burner stage can be operated simultaneously, and

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment according to the invention, in which all burner stages can be operated simultaneously.

Fig. 1 shows schematically a section of a

Burner system 10 of a gas turbine, not shown further. The burner system 10 in this example comprises nine burners 12 and a fuel supply system 14. Each one burner 12 is a fuel line 16 through which fuel, starting from a (not shown)

Fuel source, the respective burner 12 can be supplied, and associated with a shut-off device 18. Depending on a burner 12, one fuel line 16 and one obturator 18 are combined to form a burner channel 20. Each three burner channels 20 are combined to form a burner stage 22, so that here three burner stages 22 are shown. By means of the shut-off elements 18, the fuel lines 16 are selectively shut off. In this example, they are externally controlled by individual electric drives and are ball valves.

1 schematically shows a section of a burner system 10. The burner system 10 in turn comprises nine burners 12 and a fuel supply system 14. Each burner 12 has a fuel line 16 through which fuel, starting from a (not shown)

Fuel source, the respective burner 12 can be supplied, and associated with a shut-off device 24. Depending on a burner 12, one fuel line 16 and one obturator 24 are combined to form a burner channel 20. Each three burner channels 20 are combined to form a burner stage 22, so that here three burner stages 22 are shown. The shut-off elements 24, with which the fuel lines 16 can be shut off optionally are, in contrast to the shut-off valves 18 in FIG. 1 intrinsic medium-controlled and are check valves.

FIG. 3 schematically shows a first exemplary embodiment of the solution according to the invention: a section of a burner system 100 of a gas turbine, which is not further shown. The burner system 100 comprises nine burners 102 and a fuel supply system 104. A fuel line 106, through which fuel can be fed from a fuel source (not shown) to the respective burner 102, and a shut-off element 108 are allocated to each burner 102. One burner 102, one fuel line 106 and one obturator each form a burner channel 110. Three (X = 3) burner channels 110 are combined to form one burner stage, so that here three (Y = 3)

Burner stages 112, 114 and 116 are shown. By means of the shut-off elements 108, the fuel lines 106 are selectively shut off.

In contrast to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, according to the invention, an auxiliary line 118 is attached, through which a fluid auxiliary medium 120 can be supplied. By the auxiliary medium 120, the shut-off devices 108 can be actuated according to the invention.

In the present first embodiment, this is done as follows: The auxiliary medium 120 is guided through an auxiliary line 118, in the flow direction in front of a first actuating element 122 two (= YI) branches 124 and 126 are provided, through which the auxiliary medium 120 to the further actuators 128 and 130 is guided. In the flow direction after the respective actuators 122, 128 and 130 further branches 132 and 134 of the auxiliary line 118 are provided, corresponding to the number X of the burner 102 and the burner channels 110 of the respective burner stage. Since in this example X = 3 applies to all three burner stages, they are after the respective ones Actuators 122, 128 and 130 each two (= XI) branches 132 and 134 of the auxiliary line 118 is provided.

By actuating the actuating element 122, all three (= X) shut-off elements 108 of the burner stage 112 by means of

Auxiliary medium 120 are operated simultaneously. The same applies to the actuating element 128 and 130. Thus, the burner stages 112, 114 and 116 can be switched to each other by operating the respective associated actuating elements 122, 128 and 130.

FIG. 4 schematically shows a second exemplary embodiment of the solution according to the invention: a section of a burner system according to FIG. 3. The difference from FIG. 3 is that only one actuating element 136 is provided. It is so appropriate that the fluid auxiliary medium 120 is guided by the actuating element 136 through an auxiliary line 118. In the direction of flow after the actuator 136 are according to the number Y = 3 of the burner stages two (= Y-I) branches 138 and 140 of the

Auxiliary line 118 is provided. Of these branches 138 and 140, in turn, corresponding to the number X = 3, the burner 102 or burner channels 110 of a burner stage are each provided with two (= X-I) branches 142 and 144 of the auxiliary lines.

By actuating the actuating element 136, all nine (= X times Y) shut-off elements 108 of all burner stages 112, 114 and 116 can be actuated simultaneously by means of auxiliary medium 120.

Claims

claims

A burner system (100) having at least one burner (102) for combusting fuel and a fuel supply system (104) having at least one

Fuel line (106) through which fuel to the burner (102) can be supplied and in which a shut-off device (108) is arranged, with which the fuel line (106) is selectively shut off and which is externally operable to lock, characterized in that an auxiliary line ( 118) for

Supplying a fluid auxiliary medium (120) to the obturator (108) is provided and the obturator (108) is adapted to be actuated by the supplied auxiliary medium (120).

2. Burner system according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one actuating element (122) in the auxiliary line (118) is provided, by means of the optional auxiliary medium (120) in the auxiliary line (118) can be introduced and further away from the burner (102 ) is arranged as the obturator (108).

3. Burner system according to claim 2, characterized in that in the auxiliary line (118) in the flow direction behind the actuating element (122) at least one branch (132) of the auxiliary line (118) is provided, by means of auxiliary medium (120) another obturator ( 108) is operable.

4. Burner system according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that

X burners (102) with the associated X shut-off valves (108) to a burner stage (112; 114; 116) are combined and Y burner stages (112; 114; 116) and Y

Actuating elements (122, 128, 130) are provided and that in the auxiliary line (118) in the flow direction in front of the first actuating element (122) YI branches (124, 126) of the auxiliary line (118) and thus Y auxiliary lines (118) are provided, in XI branches (132, 134) of the respective auxiliary line (118) in the Y auxiliary lines (118) downstream of the respective actuating element (122, 128, 130) corresponding to X number of burners (102) of a burner stage (112; 114; 116) are provided so that X per auxiliary line (112; 114; 116) X auxiliary lines (118) with a single associated actuator (122; 128; 130) are connected (Fig .3).

5. Burner system according to claim 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that

X burner (102) with the associated X shut-off valves (108) to a burner stage (112; 114; 116) are combined and Y burner stages (112; 114; 116) are provided with an actuating element (136) in the auxiliary line (118) and YI branches (138; 140) of the auxiliary line (118) downstream of the actuating element (136) and that of these YI branches (138; 140) each corresponding to the number X of the burner (102) of a burner stage (112; 114; 116) XI branches (142; 144) of the respective auxiliary line (118) are provided, so that all auxiliary lines (118) of all burner stages (112; 114; 116) are connected to a single associated actuating element (136) (FIG. 4).

6. Burner system according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that in the auxiliary line (118) auxiliary medium (120) is present and the auxiliary medium (120) is formed with water and / or the auxiliary medium (120) is formed with oil.

7. Burner system according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that in the auxiliary line (118) auxiliary medium (120) is present and the auxiliary medium (120) is formed with an inert gas and / or the auxiliary medium (120) formed with air is.

8. Burner system according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that a pressure generator for generating fuel pressure BD in the fuel line (106) is provided and a pressure generator for generating auxiliary pressure HD in the auxiliary line (118) is provided which the auxiliary pressure HD can always keep greater than or equal to a predetermined minimum pressure for switching the obturator (108), even if the

Fuel pressure BD is lower than this minimum pressure.

9. Gas turbine with a burner system according to one of claims 1 to 8.