WO2009076334A2 - Zonal isolation of telescoping perforation appartus with memory based material - Google Patents
Zonal isolation of telescoping perforation appartus with memory based material Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2009076334A2 WO2009076334A2 PCT/US2008/086018 US2008086018W WO2009076334A2 WO 2009076334 A2 WO2009076334 A2 WO 2009076334A2 US 2008086018 W US2008086018 W US 2008086018W WO 2009076334 A2 WO2009076334 A2 WO 2009076334A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- memory based
- based material
- expansion
- hollow mandrel
- elements
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/14—Obtaining from a multiple-zone well
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
- E21B33/12—Packers; Plugs
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/12—Methods or apparatus for controlling the flow of the obtained fluid to or in wells
Definitions
- This invention is in the field of methods and apparatus for isolating one formation zone of an oil or gas well bore from another zone.
- Th ⁇ present invention is a method and apparatus for isolating between zones with a packer.
- the packer constructed of memory based material, such as a memory based foam, where the multiple zones are accessed by means of radially telescoping perforation elements.
- the memory based material is formed onto a base element, such as a mandrel or another tubular element, to form a packer with an outer diameter slightly larger than the downhole diameter in which the packer will be used.
- the packer is positioned between two sections of .radially telescoping perforation elements, in a downhole tool. Two or more packers can be arranged between three or more sections of radially telescoping perforation elements.
- the memory based material is compressed, such as by elevating a memory based foam to a temperature at which it begins to soften, sometimes called the transition temperature, and the outside diameter of the memory based material is reduced to a smaller diameter, such as by being compressed.
- the memory based material is then stabilized at that smaller diameter, such as by cooling a memory based foam below the transition temperature, causing it to harden at this desired, smaller, run-in diameter.
- the tool is run into the hole on a tubular work string, placing each packer at a depth where zonal isolation is required, and placing each section of radially telescoping perforation elements at a depth where zonal access is required.
- the memory based material is then expanded, such as by raising a memory based foam above the transition temperature, causing it to tend to return to its original, larger, outer diameter. Since the original diameter is larger than the hole diameter, the packer conforms to the bore hole and exerts an effective pressure seal on the bore hole wall, between zones.
- the mandrel or other base element can be hollow, and it can be expanded either before, during, or after the temperature-induced expansion of the foam expansion element. This expansion can be achieved by a mechanical, hydraulic, or hydro-mechanical device.
- Expansion of the mandrel can enhance the overall expansion achieved with a given amount of memory based material expansion, and it can increase the resultant pressure exerted by the memory based expansion element on the borehole wall, thereby creating a more effective seal.
- Different packers can be adapted Io expand at different temperatures, or through other means adapted to expand at different selected times, as desired by the operator. If desired, cementing of the annulus can also be performed, in the normal fashion.
- Other alternatives to shape memory packers are envisioned for sealing producing zones such as mechanically or hydraulically set packers, inflatable packers, barriers made of a hardenable material and other designs used downhole to isolate one portion of the wellbore from another.
- Figure 1 is a perspective view of the preferred memory based packer invention, in its originally formed size and shape and is intended to schematically illustrate the use of alternative barriers in the present invention
- Figure 2 is a perspective view of the apparatus shown in Figure 1, reduced to its interim size and shape;
- Figure 3 is a perspective view of the apparatus shown in Figure 1, expanded to seal against the borehole wall;
- Figures 4 and 5 are partial section views of the memory based packer of the present invention, implementing a hydro-mechanical device to expand the mandrel;
- Figures 6 and 7 are partial section views of the memory based packer of the present invention, implementing a mechanical device to expand the mandrel;
- Figure 8 is a partial section view of the memory based packer of the present invention, implementing a hydraulic device to expand the mandrel;
- Figures 9 and 10 show a first embodiment of the invention incorporating a memory based packer with a telescoping perforation tool having a solid walled shifting sleeve, some sand control elements, and some fracturing elements;
- Figures 11 and 12 show a second embodiment of the invention incorporating a memory based packer with a telescoping perforation tool having a shifting sleeve incorporating a sand control medium, where none of the telescoping elements have a sand control medium;
- Figures 13 and 14 show a third embodiment of the invention incorporating a memory based packer with a telescoping perforation tool having a shifting sleeve with ports, some sand control elements, and some fracturing elements; and
- Figures 15 and 16 show a fourth embodiment of the invention incorporating a memory based packer with a telescoping perforation tool having a shifting sleeve with some sand control ports, and some fracturing ports.
- the preferred packer for use in the present invention is a memory based packer 10 having a base element, such as a tubular element or a mandrel 20, on which is formed a memory based expansion element 30, such as an element constructed of memory based foam.
- the mandrel 20 can be any desired length or shape, to suit the desired application, and it can be hollow if required. It can also have any desired connection features, such as threaded ends.
- the mandrel 20 can be a portion of the tubular body of the overall tool, or it can be a separate tubular element.
- the expansion element 30 is shown with a cylindrical shape, but this can be varied, such as by means of concave ends or striated areas (not shown), to facilitate deployment, or to enhance the sealing characteristics of the packer.
- the expansion element 30 is composed of a memory based material, for example, an elastic memory foam such as TemboTM foam, an open cell syntactic foam manufactured by Composite Technology Development, Inc.
- TemboTM foam an elastic memory foam
- This type of foam has the property of being convertible from one size and shape to another size and/or shape, by changing the temperature of the foam.
- This type of foam can be formed into an article with an original size and shape as desired, such as a cylinder with a desired outer diameter. The foam article thusly formed is then heated to raise its temperature to its transition temperature.
- the foam softens, allowing the foam article to be reshaped to a desired interim size and shape, such as by being compressed to form a smaller diameter cylinder.
- the temperature of the foam article is then lowered below the transition temperature, to cause the foam article to retain its interim size and shape.
- the foam article will return to its original size and shape.
- the cylindrical memory based expansion element 30 can be originally formed onto the mandrel 20 by wrapping a blanket of the memory based material onto the mandrel 20, with the desired original outer diameter ODj.
- the process for forming the expansion element 30 on the mandrel 20 can be any other process which results in the expansion element 30 having the desired original diameter, such as by molding the memory based material directly onto the mandrel 20.
- the desired original outer diameter ODi is larger than the bore hole diameter BHD (shown for reference in Figure 1) in which the packer 10 will be deployed.
- BHD shown for reference in Figure 1
- an expansion element 30 having an original outer diameter ODi of 10 inches might be formed for use in an 8.5 inch diameter borehole.
- the memory based packer is reduced in diameter, for example by raising the temperature of the expansion element 30 above the transition temperature of the memory based foam material, which causes the foam to soften, At this point, the expansion element 30 is compressed to a smaller interim outer diameter OD 2 .
- the expansion element 30 might be compressed to an interim outer diameter OD2 of 7.5 inches for use in an 8.5 inch diameter borehole. This facilitates running the packer 10 into the borehole.
- This type of foam may be convertible in this way to an interim size and shape approximately one third the volume of the original size and shape.
- the expansion element 30 is lowered below its transition temperature, causing it to retain its smaller interim outer diameter OD 2 .
- This cooling step can be achieved by exposure to the ambient environment, or by exposure to forced cooling.
- the memory based packer 10 is lowered into the borehole to the desired depth at which zonal isolation is to occur, as shown in Figure 2.
- the expansion element 30 is again expanded, such as by being raised to the transition temperature of the foam. As shown in Figure 3, this causes the expansion element 30 to expand to a final outer diameter OD 3 . Because of the properties of the elastic memory foam, the expansion element 30 attempts to return to the original outer diameter ODj.
- the expansion element 30 can only expand until the final outer diameter OD 3 matches the borehole diameter BHD. This can cause the expansion element 30 to exert a pressure of between 300 and 500 psi on the borehole wall.
- the memory based packer can be adapted to selectively expand at different times; for example, where memory based foam is used, the foam material composition can be formulated to achieve the desired transition temperature. This quality allows the foam to be formulated in anticipation of the desired transition temperature to be used for a given application. For instance, in use with the present invention, the foam material composition can be formulated to have a transition temperature just slightly below the anticipated downhole temperature at the depth at which the packer 10 will be used. This causes the expansion element 30 to expand at the temperature found at the desired depth, and to remain tightly sealed against the bore hole wall. Downhole temperature can be used to expand the expansion element 30; alternatively, other means can be used, such as a separate heat source.
- Such a heat source could be a wireline deployed electric heater, or a battery fed heater.
- a heat source could be mounted to the mandrel 20, incorporated into the mandrel 20, or otherwise mounted in contact with the foam expansion element 30.
- the heater could be controlled from the surface of the well site, or it could be controlled by a timing device or a pressure sensor.
- an exothermic reaction could be created by chemicals pumped downhole from the surface, or heat could be generated by any other suitable means.
- each packer can be formulated to expand at a different temperature, giving the operator individual control of the expansion of each packer.
- the mandrel 20 itself can be a hollow base element which can be expanded radially.
- This additional expansion can be achieved by the use of a mechanical, hydraulic, or hydro-mechanical device.
- a hydro- mechanical expander 40 can be run into the tubing oii a work string, either before, during, or after the memory based expansion of the material.
- the hydro-mechanical expander 40 can consist essentially of an anchoring device 42, a hydraulic ram 44, and a conical pig 46.
- the anchoring device 42 is activated to anchor itself to the tubing. Activation of the anchoring device 42 can be mechanical, electrical, or hydraulic, as is well known in the art.
- the hydraulic ram 44 can be pressurized to force the conical pig 46 into and through the mandrel 20 of the packer 10, as shown in Figure 5. Since the outer diameter of the conical pig 46 is selected to be slightly larger than the inner diameter of the mandrel 20, as the conical pig 46 advances through the mandrel 20, it radially expands the mandrel 20.
- this expansion of the mandrel 20 can be implemented before, during, or after the memory based expansion of the expansion element 30. It can be seen that radial expansion of the mandrel 20 in this way can enhance the overall expansion possible with the packer 10. Therefore, for a given amount of memory based material in the expansion element 30, the final diameter to which the packer 10 can be expanded can be increased, or the pressure exerted by the expanded packer 10 can be increased, or both. For example, a relatively smaller overall diameter packer 10 can be run into the hole, thereby making the running easier, with mandrel expansion being employed to achieve the necessary overall expansion. Or, a relatively larger overall diameter packer 10 can be run into the hole, with mandrel expansion being employed to achieve a higher pressure seal against the borehole wall.
- the mandrel 20 can be expanded by mechanically forcing a conical pig 50 through the mandrel 20 with a work string, as shown in Figures 6 and 7. Forcing of the pig 50 through the mandrel 20 can be either by pushing with the work string, as shown in Figure 6, or by pulling with the work string, as shown in Figure 7. Still further, the mandrel 20 can be expanded by hydraulically forcing a conical pig 60 through the mandrel 20 with mud pump pressure, as shown in Figure 8.
- barriers used downhole to isolate one portion of the wellbore from another can be used as alternatives. These barriers can be mechanically or hydraulically set packers, inflatables, or materials that can be deposited in an annular space and become firm barriers such as, for example, cement.
- the present invention provides one or more memory based packers 10 between two or more sections of radially telescoping perforating elements, for selectively perforating a well bore liner, fracturing a formation, and producing or injecting fluids, sand-free. Examples of such tools are shown in Figures 9 through 16.
- the memory based packers 10 are mounted on a tubular tool body having a plurality of radially outwardly telescoping tubular elements.
- the radially telescoping tubular elements are grouped in two or more groups, separated vertically, to align with the various zones of the formation in which the tool will be used.
- Packers can be provided between the groups of telescoping tubular elements.
- a mechanical means can be provided for selectively controlling the hydrostatic fracturing of the formation through one or more of the telescoping elements and for selectively controlling the sand-free injection or production of fluids through one or more of the telescoping elements. Selective expansion of the memory based packers 10 is as described above.
- the apparatus can have a built-in sand control medium in one or more of the telescoping elements, to allow for injection or production, and a check valve in one or more of the telescoping elements, to allow for one way flow to hydrostatically fracture the formation without allowing sand intrusion after fracturing.
- Vertical isolation of the zones is achieved by placement of one or more memory based packers 10.
- Other types of telescoping perforation sections used in the apparatus of the present invention, along with the memory based packer can have a sleeve which shifts between a fracturing position and an injection/production position, to convert the tool between these two types of operation.
- the sleeve can shift longitudinally or it can rotate.
- the sleeve in a first shifting-sleeve type, can be a solid walled sleeve, as shown in Figures 9 and 10, which shifts to selectively open and close the different telescoping elements, with some telescoping elements having a built-in sand control medium (which may be referred to in this case as "sand control elements”) and other telescoping elements having no built-in sand control medium (which may be referred to in this case as "fracturing elements").
- sand control elements built-in sand control medium
- fracturing elements no built-in sand control medium
- the shifting sleeve 16 is a solid walled sleeve as before, but it can be positioned and adapted to shift in front of, as in Figure 9, or away from, as in Figure 10, one or more rows of fracturing elements 12. It can be seen that the fracturing elements 12 have an open central bore for the passage of proppant laden fracturing fluid.
- the sand control elements 14 can have any type of built-in sand control medium therein, with examples of metallic beads and screen material being shown in the Figures. Whether or not the shifting sleeve 16 covers the sand control elements 14 when it uncovers the fracturing elements 12 is immaterial to the efficacy of the tool 100. Isolation between the zones is provided by the expanded memory based packer 10.
- the sleeve itself can be a sand control medium, such as a screen, which shifts to selectively convert the telescoping elements between the fracturing mode and the injection/production mode.
- a sand control medium such as a screen
- This longitudinally sliding shifting sleeve 16 is constructed principally of a sand control medium such as a screen.
- Figure 11 shows the sleeve 16 positioned in front of the telescoping elements 12, for injection or production of fluid.
- Figure 12 shows the sleeve 16 positioned away from the telescoping elements 12, for pumping of proppant laden fluid into the formation.
- none of the telescoping elements has a built-in sand control medium. Isolation between the zones is provided by the expanded memory based packer 10.
- the sleeve can have ports which are shifted to selectively open and close the different telescoping elements, with some telescoping elements having a built-in sand control medium (which may be referred to in this case as "sand control elements”) and other telescoping elements having no built-in sand control medium (which may be referred to in this case as "fracturing elements").
- sand control elements built-in sand control medium
- fracturing elements no built-in sand control medium
- This shifting sleeve 16 is a longitudinally shifting solid walled sleeve having a plurality of ports 24.
- the sleeve 16 shifts longitudinally to position the ports 24 either in front of or away from the fracturing elements 12.
- Figure 13 shows the ports 24 of the sleeve 16 positioned away from the fracturing elements 12, for injection or production of fluid through the sand control elements 14.
- Figure 14 shows the ports 24 of the sleeve 16 positioned in front of the fracturing elements 12, for pumping of proppant laden fluid into the formation.
- the fracturing elements 12 have an open central bore for the passage of proppant laden fracturing fluid.
- the sand control elements 14 can have any type of built-in sand control medium therein.
- the shifting sleeve 16 covers the sand control elements 14 when it uncovers the fracturing elements 12 is immaterial to the efficacy of the tool 10. Isolation between the zones is provided by the expanded memory based packer 10.
- the sleeve can have ports, some of which contain a sand control medium (which may be referred to in this case as "sand control ports”) and some of which do not (which may be referred to in this case as "fracturing ports").
- sand control ports a sand control medium
- fracturing ports a sand control medium
- none of the telescoping elements would have a built-in sand control medium, and the sleeve shifts to selectively place either the "sand control ports" or the "fracturing ports” over the telescoping elements.
- This shifting sleeve 16 is a rotationally shifting solid walled sleeve having a plurality of ports 24, 26.
- a first plurality of the ports 26 (the sand control ports) have a sand control medium incorporated therein, while a second plurality of ports 24 (the fracturing ports) have no sand control medium therein.
- the sleeve 16 shifts rotationally to position either the fracturing ports 24 or the sand control ports 26 in front of the telescoping elements 12.
- Figure 15 shows the fracturing ports 24 of the sleeve 16 positioned in front of the elements 12, for pumping of proppant laden fluid into the formation.
- Figure 16 shows the sand control ports 26 of the sleeve 16 positioned in front of the telescoping elements 12, for injection or production of fluid through the elements 12.
- all of the telescoping elements 12 have an open central bore; none of the telescoping elements has a built-in sand control medium. Isolation between the zones is provided by the expanded memory based packer 10.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CA2708738A CA2708738A1 (en) | 2007-12-12 | 2008-12-09 | Zonal isolation of telescoping perforation apparatus with memory based material |
BRPI0821136-1A BRPI0821136A2 (en) | 2007-12-12 | 2008-12-09 | Memory-based telescopic drilling rig zonal isolator |
AU2008335289A AU2008335289A1 (en) | 2007-12-12 | 2008-12-09 | Zonal isolation of telescoping perforation appartus with memory based material |
MX2010006507A MX2010006507A (en) | 2007-12-12 | 2008-12-09 | Zonal isolation of telescoping perforation appartus with memory based material. |
EP08859593A EP2232009A2 (en) | 2007-12-12 | 2008-12-09 | Zonal isolation of telescoping perforation appartus with memory based material |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11/954,532 | 2007-12-12 | ||
US11/954,532 US20090151957A1 (en) | 2007-12-12 | 2007-12-12 | Zonal Isolation of Telescoping Perforation Apparatus with Memory Based Material |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2009076334A2 true WO2009076334A2 (en) | 2009-06-18 |
WO2009076334A3 WO2009076334A3 (en) | 2009-09-11 |
WO2009076334A4 WO2009076334A4 (en) | 2009-10-29 |
Family
ID=40751713
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US2008/086018 WO2009076334A2 (en) | 2007-12-12 | 2008-12-09 | Zonal isolation of telescoping perforation appartus with memory based material |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20090151957A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2232009A2 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2008335289A1 (en) |
BR (1) | BRPI0821136A2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2708738A1 (en) |
MX (1) | MX2010006507A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2009076334A2 (en) |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
BRPI0821136A2 (en) | 2015-06-16 |
EP2232009A2 (en) | 2010-09-29 |
MX2010006507A (en) | 2010-09-07 |
WO2009076334A3 (en) | 2009-09-11 |
AU2008335289A1 (en) | 2009-06-18 |
CA2708738A1 (en) | 2009-06-18 |
WO2009076334A4 (en) | 2009-10-29 |
US20090151957A1 (en) | 2009-06-18 |
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