WO2009015548A1 - Simple structured stereotaxic apparatus - Google Patents

Simple structured stereotaxic apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009015548A1
WO2009015548A1 PCT/CN2008/001101 CN2008001101W WO2009015548A1 WO 2009015548 A1 WO2009015548 A1 WO 2009015548A1 CN 2008001101 W CN2008001101 W CN 2008001101W WO 2009015548 A1 WO2009015548 A1 WO 2009015548A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
chassis
measuring device
angle measuring
angle
measurer
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2008/001101
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
Tianming Lv
Original Assignee
Tianming Lv
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Publication of WO2009015548A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009015548A1/en

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B90/00—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
    • A61B90/10—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges for stereotaxic surgery, e.g. frame-based stereotaxis
    • A61B90/11—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges for stereotaxic surgery, e.g. frame-based stereotaxis with guides for needles or instruments, e.g. arcuate slides or ball joints
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B2017/00831—Material properties
    • A61B2017/00902—Material properties transparent or translucent
    • A61B2017/00911—Material properties transparent or translucent for fields applied by a magnetic resonance imaging system
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B90/00—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
    • A61B90/06—Measuring instruments not otherwise provided for
    • A61B2090/067—Measuring instruments not otherwise provided for for measuring angles

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a stereo orienter capable of accurately feeding a surgical instrument to a target when performing a brain surgery on a human or an animal. Background technique
  • the stereotactic device is a kind of positioning of intracranial target points in cooperation with image localization technology, and then accurately placing surgical instruments such as microelectrodes and puncture needles into specific targets in the brain, and retaining tissue specimens and damaged targets.
  • a surgical instrument for organizing or removing lesions which is commonly used in disease diagnosis, treatment, and animal experiments.
  • a stereotactic instrument sold on the domestic and international markets is based on the principle of three-dimensional coordinate positioning, and after determining the corresponding three-dimensional coordinates of X, ⁇ , and ⁇ of the target, the surgical instrument reaches a specific position in the brain.
  • This three-dimensional coordinate positioning stereotactic instrument must be accompanied by a set of high-precision three-dimensional coordinate frames, and the size of the frame must cover all the surgical areas, so the structure is complex, large, and cumbersome to operate, in addition, due to part production cost and part size Direct correlation, the larger the size and the higher the cost with the same accuracy, so the stereotactic device is expensive.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a stereotactic instrument which is simple in structure, convenient in operation and low in cost.
  • the simple stereotactic apparatus according to the present invention comprises: a chassis made of high-strength rare earth engineering plastics or other materials, which does not cause artifact interference during image scanning, and a fixing screw with a pilot hole having an angular scale thereon
  • the bow-shaped alpha angle measurer of the scale has an arcuate angle measuring device with an angular scale ruler and an adjustable elastic fastener having a guide hole thereon.
  • the ⁇ -angle measuring device has two ends which are hingedly connected to the two sides of the chassis along the center line of the chassis, and can be rotated left and right.
  • the ⁇ angle measuring device is hinged at least one end to one side of the chassis after being rotated 90 degrees with respect to the ⁇ angle measuring device, and it can be rotated back and forth with respect to the ' ⁇ angle measuring device.
  • the fixing screw also has a guiding hole in the middle thereof, and the fixing screw is disposed in the middle of the chassis.
  • the fastener is set on the ⁇ angle measuring device and the ⁇ angle measuring device for fixing the ⁇ angle measuring device and the ⁇ angle measuring device together after the ⁇ angle measuring device and the ⁇ angle measuring device determine the surgical path. .
  • the stereotactic apparatus provided by the present invention employs the principle of linear orientation.
  • the method of use is as follows: firstly drilling a hole on the skull at the puncture point, then fixing the stereo orienter to the skull through a fixing screw, and then using the image localization technique to locate the ⁇ angle, the ⁇ angle and the distance from the puncture point to the target point. Rotating the angle of the alpha angle measurer and the beta angle measurer to the desired position by the alpha angle measurer and the scale scale on the beta angle measurer to determine the puncture path, followed by the fastener to the alpha angle measurer and beta The angle measuring device is fixed. Finally, the surgical instruments such as the microelectrode or the puncture needle are sent to the target point according to the distance parameter through the guiding hole on the fastener and the guiding hole on the fixing screw.
  • the stereotactic device of the present invention adopts the principle of linear orientation, unlike a stereotactic device adopting the principle of three-dimensional coordinate positioning, it is required to have a frame covering all the surgical regions, and therefore, its volume is It can be made smaller, so that the structure is simple and the cost is low. 2, easy to operate. It only needs to adjust the two angles to determine the puncture path, and then the surgical instrument can be sent to a specific distance.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a stereotactic apparatus having a simple structure according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a stereotactic fastener
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of a stereotactic fixing screw. detailed description
  • the present invention comprises: a chassis 1, a fixing screw 3 with a pilot hole 2, an arcuate ⁇ angle measuring device 4 having an angular scale, an arcuate e-angle measuring device 5 having an angular scale, and a guiding hole thereon 6 and an adjustable elastic fastener 7,
  • the ⁇ angle measuring device 4 has two ends which are respectively hingedly connected with the two sides of the chassis 1 along the center line of the chassis 1, and can be rotated left and right
  • the fasteners 7 are fitted over the alpha angle measurer 4 and the beta angle measurer 5 for determining the angle of the alpha angle measurer 4 and beta after the alpha angle measurer 4 and the beta angle gauge 5 have determined the path of the surgical instrument
  • the measurer 5 is fixed together.
  • the chassis 1 and the fixing screws 3 are made of high-strength rare earth engineering plastics or other materials which do not cause artifacts during image scanning, so that no interference occurs during image scanning.
  • the fastener 7 is convenient for adjusting the tension.
  • the adjusting nut 8 can use a wing nut.
  • the fixing screw 3 with the pilot hole 2 is preferably tapered to facilitate screwing into the skull when the stereotactic device is fixed.
  • the chassis 1 and the skull can be easily and quickly fixed by sticking a sticker.
  • the above methods should not be used.
  • the invention can be provided with a plurality of fixing pins 9 on the side of the chassis 1 in contact with the skull, and the fixing pins 9 and the fixing screws 3 can be used to fix the stereotactic device more firmly on the skull to ensure the high operation. Precision.

Abstract

A stereotaxic apparatus for transferring instruments into target when performing a surgery on the skull of a patient or an animal. The apparatus comprising: a base plate (1) made of a high strength rare earth engineering plastics which can not produce artifact during a image scanning procedure and a securing screw (3) with a leading hole (2); an arched α angulator (4) having an angular scale on it; an arched β angulator (5) having an angular scale on it; and an adjustable fixation means (7) with a leading hole (6) etc.

Description

一种结构简单的立体定向仪 技术领域  A stereotactic device with simple structure
本发明涉及对人或动物进行颅脑手术时能将手术器械精确送入至靶点的立 体定向仪。 背景技术  The present invention relates to a stereo orienter capable of accurately feeding a surgical instrument to a target when performing a brain surgery on a human or an animal. Background technique
立体定向仪是一种可以在影像定位技术的配合下对颅内靶点进行定位， 然 后将微电极、穿刺针等手术器械精确置入颅脑内特定靶点， 留取组织标本、损毁 靶点处组织或去除病灶的一种手术仪器，是疾病诊断、治疗及动物实验的常用设 备。 目前国内外市场上销售的一种立体定向仪是基于三维坐标定位原理，确定靶 点相应的 X、 Υ、 ζ三维坐标后， 使手术器械到达颅脑内的特定位置。这种三维坐 标定位的立体定向仪必须附带一套高精度三维坐标框架，而且该框架的尺寸必须 能够覆盖全部手术区域， 因此结构较复杂、庞大， 操作麻烦， 另外， 由于零件生 产成本与零件尺寸直接相关， 在精度相同的情况下， 尺寸越大， 成本越高， 因此 这种立体定向仪价格昂贵。 发明内容  The stereotactic device is a kind of positioning of intracranial target points in cooperation with image localization technology, and then accurately placing surgical instruments such as microelectrodes and puncture needles into specific targets in the brain, and retaining tissue specimens and damaged targets. A surgical instrument for organizing or removing lesions, which is commonly used in disease diagnosis, treatment, and animal experiments. At present, a stereotactic instrument sold on the domestic and international markets is based on the principle of three-dimensional coordinate positioning, and after determining the corresponding three-dimensional coordinates of X, Υ, and 靶 of the target, the surgical instrument reaches a specific position in the brain. This three-dimensional coordinate positioning stereotactic instrument must be accompanied by a set of high-precision three-dimensional coordinate frames, and the size of the frame must cover all the surgical areas, so the structure is complex, large, and cumbersome to operate, in addition, due to part production cost and part size Direct correlation, the larger the size and the higher the cost with the same accuracy, so the stereotactic device is expensive. Summary of the invention
本发明的目的是提供一种结构简单， 操作方便、 成本低廉的立体定向仪。 本发明所说的结构简单的立体定向仪包括： 用高强度稀土工程塑料或其它 材料制造的在进行影像扫描时不会产生伪影干扰的底盘和带引孔的固定螺丝，其 上有角刻度标尺的弓形 α角度测量器， 其上有角刻度标尺的弓形 Ρ角度测量器， 以及其上有一引导孔的可调节松紧的紧固件。所说的 α角度测量器其两端沿底盘 的中心线与底盘的两个边分别进行铰连接，它可以左右转动。 Ρ角度测量器相对 于 α角度测量器转动 90度后其至少一端与底盘的一边进行铰连接， 它可以相对 于 'α角度测量器前后转动。所说的固定螺丝其中间还有一引孔，该固定螺丝设置 于底盘的中部。所说的紧固件套装在 α角度测量器和 β角度测量器上，用以当 α 角度测量器和 β角度测量器确定了手术路径后以便将 α角度测量器和 β角度测 量器固定在一起。 本发明提供的这种立体定向仪采用的是直线定向原理。 其使用方法是： 首 先在穿刺点处的颅骨上钻孔，接着通过固定螺丝将立体定向仪固定在颅骨上，然 后利用影像定位技术对穿刺点至靶点的 α角、 β角以及距离进行定位，通过 α角 度测量器和 β角度测量器上的刻度标尺，转动 α角度测量器和 β角度测量器的角 度至所需的位置以确定穿刺路径，接着通过紧固件将 α角度测量器和 β角度测量 器固定，最后，根据距离参数通过紧固件上的引导孔和固定螺丝上的引孔将微电 极或者穿刺针等手术器械送至靶点。 The object of the present invention is to provide a stereotactic instrument which is simple in structure, convenient in operation and low in cost. The simple stereotactic apparatus according to the present invention comprises: a chassis made of high-strength rare earth engineering plastics or other materials, which does not cause artifact interference during image scanning, and a fixing screw with a pilot hole having an angular scale thereon The bow-shaped alpha angle measurer of the scale has an arcuate angle measuring device with an angular scale ruler and an adjustable elastic fastener having a guide hole thereon. The α-angle measuring device has two ends which are hingedly connected to the two sides of the chassis along the center line of the chassis, and can be rotated left and right. The Ρ angle measuring device is hinged at least one end to one side of the chassis after being rotated 90 degrees with respect to the α angle measuring device, and it can be rotated back and forth with respect to the 'α angle measuring device. The fixing screw also has a guiding hole in the middle thereof, and the fixing screw is disposed in the middle of the chassis. The fastener is set on the α angle measuring device and the β angle measuring device for fixing the α angle measuring device and the β angle measuring device together after the α angle measuring device and the β angle measuring device determine the surgical path. . The stereotactic apparatus provided by the present invention employs the principle of linear orientation. The method of use is as follows: firstly drilling a hole on the skull at the puncture point, then fixing the stereo orienter to the skull through a fixing screw, and then using the image localization technique to locate the α angle, the β angle and the distance from the puncture point to the target point. Rotating the angle of the alpha angle measurer and the beta angle measurer to the desired position by the alpha angle measurer and the scale scale on the beta angle measurer to determine the puncture path, followed by the fastener to the alpha angle measurer and beta The angle measuring device is fixed. Finally, the surgical instruments such as the microelectrode or the puncture needle are sent to the target point according to the distance parameter through the guiding hole on the fastener and the guiding hole on the fixing screw.
本发明的优点是： 1、 由于本发明的立体定向仪采用的是直线定向原理， 不 象采用三维坐标定位原理的立体定向仪那样需要附带能覆盖全部手术区域的框 架， 因此， 它的体积就可以做得较小， 从而结构简单， 成本低廉。 2、 操作方便。 它只需调整两个角度便可确定穿刺路径， 而后将手术器械送入特定距离即可。 附图说明  The advantages of the present invention are as follows: 1. Since the stereotactic device of the present invention adopts the principle of linear orientation, unlike a stereotactic device adopting the principle of three-dimensional coordinate positioning, it is required to have a frame covering all the surgical regions, and therefore, its volume is It can be made smaller, so that the structure is simple and the cost is low. 2, easy to operate. It only needs to adjust the two angles to determine the puncture path, and then the surgical instrument can be sent to a specific distance. DRAWINGS
图 1是本发明所说的结构简单的立体定向仪的结构示意图；  1 is a schematic structural view of a stereotactic apparatus having a simple structure according to the present invention;
图 2是立体定向仪紧固件的结构示意图；  2 is a schematic structural view of a stereotactic fastener;
图 3是立体定向仪固定螺丝的结构示意图。 具体实施方式  Figure 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of a stereotactic fixing screw. detailed description
参照图 1。 本发明包括： 底盘 1、 带引孔 2的固定螺丝 3， 其上有角刻度标 尺的弓形 α角度测量器 4、 其上有角刻度标尺的弓形 e角度测量器 5、 以及其上 有一引导孔 6的及可调节松紧的紧固件 7，所说的 α角度测量器 4其两端沿底盘 1的中心线与底盘 1的两个边分别进行铰连接， 它可以左右转动， β角度测量器 5相对于 α角度测量器转动 90度后其至少一端与底盘 1的一边进行铰连接， 它 可以相对于 α角度测量器 4前后转动， 所说的固定螺丝 3设置于底盘 1的中部， 所说的紧固件 7套装在 α角度测量器 4和 β角度测量器 5上，用以当 α角度测量 器 4和 β角度测量器 5确定了手术器械路径后以便将 α角度测量器 4和 β角度测 量器 5固定在一起。所说的底盘 1和固定螺丝 3用高强度稀土工程塑料或其它的 在进行影像扫描时不会产生伪影的材料制造，这样在进行影像扫描时就不会产生 干扰。 参照图 2。所说的紧固件 7为调节松紧方便其调节螺母 8可以使用蝶形螺母。 参照图 3。带引孔 2的固定螺丝 3最好为锥形， 以固定立体定向仪时方便旋 入颅骨。 Refer to Figure 1. The present invention comprises: a chassis 1, a fixing screw 3 with a pilot hole 2, an arcuate α angle measuring device 4 having an angular scale, an arcuate e-angle measuring device 5 having an angular scale, and a guiding hole thereon 6 and an adjustable elastic fastener 7, the α angle measuring device 4 has two ends which are respectively hingedly connected with the two sides of the chassis 1 along the center line of the chassis 1, and can be rotated left and right, the β angle measuring device 5, after being rotated 90 degrees with respect to the α-angle measuring device, at least one end thereof is hingedly connected to one side of the chassis 1, and it can be rotated back and forth with respect to the α-angle measuring device 4, and the fixing screw 3 is disposed in the middle of the chassis 1, said The fasteners 7 are fitted over the alpha angle measurer 4 and the beta angle measurer 5 for determining the angle of the alpha angle measurer 4 and beta after the alpha angle measurer 4 and the beta angle gauge 5 have determined the path of the surgical instrument. The measurer 5 is fixed together. The chassis 1 and the fixing screws 3 are made of high-strength rare earth engineering plastics or other materials which do not cause artifacts during image scanning, so that no interference occurs during image scanning. Refer to Figure 2. The fastener 7 is convenient for adjusting the tension. The adjusting nut 8 can use a wing nut. Refer to Figure 3. The fixing screw 3 with the pilot hole 2 is preferably tapered to facilitate screwing into the skull when the stereotactic device is fixed.
如果手术精度要求不高， 所说的底盘 1与头颅之间还可以通过粘贴不干胶 进行简易快速固定。 但在手术精度要求高的情况下， 上述方式不宜采用。  If the accuracy of the operation is not high, the chassis 1 and the skull can be easily and quickly fixed by sticking a sticker. However, in the case of high surgical accuracy requirements, the above methods should not be used.
参照图 1。本发明在所说的底盘 1与头颅接触的一面可设置若干个固定针 9， 使用这些固定针 9与固定螺丝 3—起可将立体定向仪更牢固地固定在颅骨上，以 保证手术的高精度。  Refer to Figure 1. The invention can be provided with a plurality of fixing pins 9 on the side of the chassis 1 in contact with the skull, and the fixing pins 9 and the fixing screws 3 can be used to fix the stereotactic device more firmly on the skull to ensure the high operation. Precision.

Claims

权利要求书 Claim
、 一种结构简单的立体定向仪， 其特征在于： 它包括用高强度稀土工程塑料或 其它材料制造的在进行影像扫描时不会产生伪影干扰的底盘和带引孔的固定 螺丝， 其上有角刻度标尺的弓形 α角度测量器， 其上有角刻度标尺的弓形 6 角度测量器， 以及其上有一引导孔的及可调节松紧的紧固件， 所述的 α角度 测量器其两端沿底盘的中心线与底盘的两个边分别进行铰连接， Ρ角度测量 器相对于 α角度测量器转动 90度后其至少一端与底盘的一边进行铰连接，所 述的固定螺丝其中间还有一引孔， 该固定螺丝设置于底盘的中部， 所述的紧 固件套装在 α角度测量器和 0角度测量器上。 A stereotactic device with a simple structure, which is characterized in that it comprises a chassis made of high-strength rare earth engineering plastics or other materials and which does not cause artifact interference during image scanning, and a fixing screw with a pilot hole thereon. An arcuate alpha angle measurer with an angular scale ruler, an arcuate 6 angle measurer having an angular scale ruler, and an adjustable elastic fastener having a guide hole thereon, the ends of the alpha angle measurer A hinge is respectively connected to the two sides of the chassis along the center line of the chassis, and at least one end of the angle measuring device is hinged to one side of the chassis after being rotated 90 degrees with respect to the α angle measuring device, and the fixing screw has a middle portion The lead screw is disposed in the middle of the chassis, and the fastener is disposed on the α angle measuring device and the 0 angle measuring device.
、 根据权利要求 1所述的一种结构简单的立体定向仪， 其特征在于： 所述的底 盘与头颅接触的一面可设置若干个固定针。 The stereoscopic device with simple structure according to claim 1, wherein: the side of the chassis that is in contact with the skull can be provided with a plurality of fixed pins.
PCT/CN2008/001101 2007-07-31 2008-06-05 Simple structured stereotaxic apparatus WO2009015548A1 (en)

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CNA2007100295101A CN101099692A (en) 2007-07-31 2007-07-31 Structure simple stereoscopic director

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